Operating Instructions

N – R 468 en 02.11
Explosion–proof three–phase motors
with squirrel cage for low voltage, with antifriction bearings

Protection type Increased Safety ”e”

(acc. to Directive 94/9/EC, IECEx Scheme)

ENG.-071..-.. to 355..-.. , EMG.-071..-.. to 355..-..

ENH.-071..-.. to 355..-.. , EMH.-071..-.. to 355..-..
EV..–071..–.. to 355
ENL.-100..-.. to 355..-.. , EML.-100..-.. to 355..-..
ENS.-090..-.. to 560..-.. , EMS.-090..-.. to 355..-..
EMU.-100..-.. to 355..-.. , ENW.-132..-.. to 560..-..
ENR.-630..-.. to 800..-..
JNR.-355..-.. to 800..-.. , JNW.-355..-.. to 800..-..

Protection type ”n”

(acc. to Directive 94/9/EC, IECEx Scheme)
ANGK/ANGL–071..-.. to 355..-.. , AMGK/AMGL–071..-.. to 355..-..
AVGK/AVGL–071..-.. to 355..-.. , AMGK/AMGL–071..-.. to 355..-..
ANHK/ANHL–071..-.. to 355..-.. , AMHK/AMHL–071..-.. to 355..-..
ANLK/ANLL–100..-.. to 355..-.. , AMLK/AMLL–100..-.. to 355..-..
ANSK/ANSL–090..-.. to 560..-.. , AMSK/AMSL–090..-.. to 355..-..
AMUK/AMUL–100..-.. to 355..-.. , ANWK/ANWL–132..-.. to 560..-..
ANRK/ANRL–630..-.. to 800..-..
JNRK/JNRL–355..-.. to 800..-.. , JNWK/JNWL–355..-.. to 800..-..

LOHER GmbH
P.O.Box 1164 S 94095 RUHSTORF
Hans–Loher–Str. 32 S 94099 RUHSTORF
GERMANY
Phone +49 8531 39–0 S Fax +49 8531 32895
E–Mail: [email protected]
http://www.loher.com
Table of contents

Page

1. Safety and commissioning instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2. Instructions to protection type Increased Safety ”e”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3. Instructions to protection type ”n” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4. Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

5. Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

6. Installation and commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

7. Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

8. Additional equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

9. Spare parts and components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

10. Storage instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

11. Faults and remedies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

12. EC Declaration of Conformity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

13. Pre–start ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Appendix 1; Grease life and grease quantities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Appendix 2; Alignment check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Subject to modifications
©Loher GmbH 2011
All rights reserved

N–R 468 en 02.11

Page 1 of 39
Safety and commissioning instructions

1. Safety and commissioning instructions

1.1 Warning symbols in these instructions
The symbols are used in these operating instructions to point out to particular dangers.

This symbol refers to a dangerous situation which can cause fatal or serious injuries or
considerable damage to property.
Danger

This symbol refers to a possibly dangerous situation which can cause injuries and damage to
property if it is not avoided.

1.2 General
Low voltage motors have dangerous, live and rotating parts, and probably hot surfaces. All work for transport,
connection, commissioning and maintenance are to be made by qualified, responsible specialists
(EN 50110–1/VDE 0105, IEC 60364 must be observed). An inadequate behaviour can cause severe damages
to persons and property.

1.3 Specified use

These low voltage motors are only meant for use in industrial plants. They are in accordance with the
harmonized standards of the series EN 60034 (VDE 0530). For a use in hazardous areas the additional
instructions for the type of protection have to be observed (pages 6 to 13).
Air–cooled types are suitable for ambient temperatures from –20 _C (68 _F) to +40 _C (104 _F) as well as
altitudes v 1000 m above sea level. It is imperative to observe differing data on the rating plate. The
conditions at the site of application must comply with all indicated data on the rating plate.

Low voltage motors are components to be installed into machines in accordance with Directive 98/37/EC.
Commissioning is not allowed as long as the conformity of the end product with this directive is not
established (also observe EN 60204–1).

1.4 Transport, storage

The carrier is immediately to be informed on damages found upon delivery; commissioning must not be
admitted, if required. Screwed–in lifting eyes are to be tightened. They are only suitable for the weight of the
low voltage motor, no additional loads are allowed to be attached. If required, sufficiently dimensioned means
of transport (e.g. rope guides) are to be used. Prior to commissioning the transport locking devices are to be
removed. Reuse for further transports. For storage of low voltage motors, take care of a dry, dustfree and
low–vibration (veff v 0.2 mm/s) ambience (bearing damages with motor at standstill).
Before commissioning the insulation resistance is to be measured. In case of values v 1kΩ per Volt of rated
voltage the winding must be dried. Observe ”Storage instructions”.

Page 2 of 39 N–R 468 en 02.11

Safety and commissioning instructions

1.5 Installation
Take care of an even ground, suitable fastening of feet or flange and an exact alignment for direct coupling.
Avoid that structure–dependent natural frequencies occur within the rotary frequency and the double mains
frequency. Turn rotor by hand, listen to abnormal frictioning noises. Check direction of rotation before
coupling (see section ”Electrical Connection”).
Pulleys and couplings are only allowed to be installed or removed with suitable devices (Heating!) and to be
covered with protection against accidental contact. Avoid inadmissible belt tensions (Technical List). The
balance of the low voltage motor is indicated on the shaft end face or on the rating plate (H = half key, F = full
key). In case of a half key (H), the coupling must also be balanced with a half key. In case of any protruding
and visible part of the key take care of the mass balancing.
If required, make the necessary pipe connections. Mounting types with the shaft end facing upwards are to be
provided with a cover by the customer, avoiding that foreign bodies fall into the fan.

The ventilation must not be hindered and the

outgoing air – also from adjacent units – must
not be directly sucked in again.

1.6 Electrical connection

All work is only allowed to be done by qualified personnel with the low voltage motor at standstill, electrically
dead and locked against restart.
This is also applicable to auxiliary circuits (e.g. space heater).
Check de–energizing!
A non–observance of the tolerances indicated in EN 60034–1/VDE 0530, part 1 – voltage $ 5 %, frequency
$ 2 %, curvature, symmetry – will result in an excessive heating and is influencing the electromagnetic
compatibility. Observe data on the rating plate as well as wiring diagram in the terminal box.
Observe connection and differing data on the rating plate as well as the wiring data in the terminal box.
Connection is to be made in such a way that a durably safe, electrical connection is maintained (no uncovered
wire ends); especially provided cable end equipment is to be used. A safe earthing is to be made.
The minimum air gaps between uninsulated and live parts themselves and to earth must not be lower than the
following values: 8 mm at UN v 500 V, 10 mm at UN v 630 V, 12 mm at UN v 800 V, 14 mm at UN v 1000 V.
The terminal box must be free of foreign bodies, dirt as well as humidity. Unused cable entries and the box
itself are to be sealed against dust and water. For trial operation without driving elements the key is to be
secured. For low voltage motors with brake it is to be checked before putting into operation, if the brake is
perfectly functioning.

N–R 468 en 02.11

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Safety and commissioning instructions

1.7 Operation
Vibration severities veff v 3.5 mm/s (PN v 15 kW) or 4.5 mm/s (PN u 15 kW) are not critical at coupled
operation. In case of changes compared with normal operation – e.g. higher temperatures, noises,
vibrations – the cause is to be found, if required, contact the manufacturer. Even for trial operation the safety
devices are not allowed to be put out of function. In case of doubt, switch off the low voltage motor.
In case of heavy dirt accumulation, the air ducts must be cleaned at regular intervals.
Bearings with regreasing devices are to be regreased with low voltage motor running. Observe saponification
class! Danger of accident! Pay attention to rotating parts. If grease drainholes are sealed with a plug, remove
these plugs before putting into operation. Boreholes have to be sealed with grease. Replacement of bearings
in case of permanent lubrication see Appendix 1 or motor documentation.

1.8 Warranty
The warranty requires that these instructions for safety and putting into operation as well as the following
sections of these operating instructions and the information on possible additional units are strictly observed.

Page 4 of 39 N–R 468 en 02.11

Safety and commissioning instructions

1.9 ESD Protective measures

Caution

Electrostatic discharge
Electronic modules contain electro–statically sensitive components.
In case of inadequate handling these components can be destroyed easily.
Please observe below instructions to avoid damage to property.
 Touch electronic modules only when absolutely necessary work has to be done on these modules.
 If electronic modules have to be touched, the body of the person concerned must be electrically discharged
immediately before and has to be grounded.
 Electronic modules may not come into contact with electrically insulating material such as plastic foil, plastic
parts, insulating table tops or clothing of man–made fibers.
 Place the modules only onto conductive surfaces.
 Packing, storage and transporting of electronic modules and components only in conductive packing
material such as metallized plastic containers, metal containers, conductive foam material or household
aluminium foil.
The necessary ESD protective measures for electro–statically sensitive components are demonstrated once
again in below drawings:

(1) (2) (3)

(1) Sitting workplace (2) Standing workplace (3) Standing/sitting workplace

a=conductive floor b=ESD table c=ESD shoes

d=ESD work coat e=ESD wristband f=Ground connection of cabinets

N–R 468 en 02.11

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Instructions to electrical machines in
protection type ”Increased Safety”

2. Protection type ”Increased Safety” ”e”

Marking of the motors
with EC–type–examination certificate to Directive 94/9/EC: CE 0102 II 2 G Ex e II T
IECEx Scheme: IECE..., Ex e II T.
For explosion–proof motors in protection type ”Increased Safety” ”e” acc. to
EN 60079–0 / IEC 60079–7and EN 60079–7 / IEC 60079–7 the following items have to be
observed:

2.1 General
Increased risk in hazardous areas requires a strict observance of the safety and
commissioning instructions.

2.2 Specified use

Explosion–proof electrical machines are in accordance with the standards of the series
EN 60034 as well as EN 60079 / IEC 60079. In hazardous areas they are only allowed to be
used in accordance with the specifications of the competent supervising authority, which
decides on the explosion hazard and zone classification.
Type of protection, temperature class as well as special conditions are indicated on the rating
plate resp. in the EC–type–examination certificate or in the IECEx Certificate.

In compliance with Directive 94/9/EC and EN 60079

– Device group II (hazardous areas by gas), Category 2 (= Zone 1)
If the certificate number is supplemented by an X, the special conditions to be complied
with in the EC–type–examination certificate have to be observed.
This category includes electrical machines, e.g. also in protection type ”Increased Safety”, to
be used in areas hazarded by an explosive atmosphere.

In compliance with Directive 94/9/EC and IECEx Scheme

Inverter operation has to be certified. It is imperative to observe the separate manufacturer
specifications. For protection type ”e” it is required to identify the motor, inverter and safety
device as belonging together and the admissible operating data have to be determined in a
common EC–type–examination certificate.
It is possible that the size of the voltage peaks produced by the inverter are adversely affected
by the connection cable installed between inverter and electrical machine. In the system
inverter–cable–electrical machine the maximum value of the voltage peaks on the terminals of
the machine is not allowed to exceed the value mentioned in the separate manufacturer
specifications.

2.3 Installation and electrical connection

The installation and operation of electrical equipment in hazardous areas require the observance
of the applicable national and international rules, e.g. regulation for operational safety
(Betriebssicherheitsverordnung (BetrSichV)):
”Decree for safety and health protection regarding the provision of work equipment and its use at
work, safety during operation of installations requiring supervision and the organization of industrial
safety”.

Page 6 of 39 N–R 468 en 02.11

Instructions to electrical machines in
protection type ”Increased Safety”

For belt drives only those belts may be used which are allowed for hazardous areas.

The general safety and commissioning instructions are applicable for the electrical connection.
Cable entries and plugs (for openings which are not used) must be tested for hazardous areas and
approved by an EC–type–examination certificate acc. to Directive 94/9/EC resp. with an IECEx
Certificate.

For delivery the special threads will be sealed with non–certified plugs (transport protection
only). These plugs must in accordance with the corresponding protection type of the terminal
box be replaced by certified cable entries with EC–type–examination certificate according to
Directive 94/9/EC or with an IECEx Certificate.

When connecting the motors, the connections inside the terminal box are to be given special
care and attention. Furthermore a safe earthing connection has to be made (also see Paragraph
1.6 and 6.2).
Observe the air and creepage distances to EN 60079–0/60079–7 and IEC 60079–0 / IEC 60079–7.

When the leads are inserted into the terminal box, care must be taken that the leads are
strain–relieved.

The inside of the terminal boxes must always be kept clean. The seals must be intact and fit
correctly.
In operation the terminal box must always be tightly closed.

Cable–, lead entries and connecting cables must be suitable for ambient temperatures
occurring.

Position, shape and size of the entry threads are documented in the dimension drawing
of the motor. Type and size of the entry threads next to the bore hole is indicated for terminal
boxes ”Ex d” additionally.

For motors with cable entry (no terminal box at the motor) the cable (connecting lead) is to
be connected in a housing, which meets the requirements of an approved type of protection
according to EN 60079–0 / IEC 60079–0, if the motor is to be connected in a hazardous area.

2.4 Protective measures against overheating

If no other data are indicated in the test certificate or on the rating plate as to duty type and
tolerances, the EEx e II machines are designed for continuous duty and normal, not frequently
repeated starts, during which no essential temperature rise occurs at starting. The motors are
only allowed to be used for the duty type stated on the rating plate.
Zone A in EN 60034–1 (VDE 0530, Part 1) – voltage $5%, frequency $2%, curvature, mains
symmetry – has to be observed, in order to keep the temperature rise within the admissible
limits. Higher deviations from the rated values can cause an inadmissible heating of the
electrical machine and have to be stated on the rating plate.
In particular, each motor must be protected against overheating due to overload. The following
notes must be observed:

N–R 468 en 02.11

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Instructions to electrical machines in
protection type ”Increased Safety”

According to EN 60079–14 / IEC 60079–14 all machines must be protected against

overheating by a current–dependent delayed circuit breaker (with EC–type–examination
certificate acc. to Directive 94/9/EC resp. with an IECEx Certificate) with phase–failure
protection in accordance with EN 60947 / IEC 60947 or by an equivalent equipment in all
phases. The protective device must be adjusted to the rated current (Value must be indicated
on the rating plate).
For explosion–proof electrical machines in protection type ”Increased Safety” starting (starting
time control with EC–type–examination certificate acc. to Directive 94/9/EC resp. with an
IECEx Certificate) is also monitored. If the rotor is blocked the circuit breaker must disconnect
within the time tE indicated for the respective temperature class. The requirement is met if the
tripping time – indicated in the tripping characteristic curve (initial temperature 20 _C = 68 _F)
for the ratio IA/IN – does not exceed the indicated heating–up time tE.

Electrical machines for heavy starting (acceleration time u 1.7 x time tE) must be protected by
a starting time control in conformity with the data of the EC–type–examination certificate resp.
with an IECEx Certificate.
Windings with delta–connection must be protected in such a way that the circuit breakers are
connected in series with the winding phases. For the selection and the adjustment of the circuit
breakers, the rated value of the phase current, i.e. 0.58 times the rated current of the motor
must be taken as basis. If such a connection is not possible, additional protective measures,
e.g. thermal motor protection, are required.
Thermal motor protection by means of a direct temperature monitoring of the winding is
admissible, when this is indicated on the rating plate. It consists of temperature sensors
according to DIN 44081/44082. The PTC thermistors as sole protection ensure the explosion
protection together with functionally tested tripping devices provided with the marking for

protection type II (2) G.

If a continuity test of the temperature sensors should be required, it is not allowed to apply a
voltage exceeding 2.5 V!
For pole–changing motors, independent and interlocking protective devices are required for
each speed step. Recommended are devices which are tested and certified by a registered
testing authority.

Page 8 of 39 N–R 468 en 02.11

Instructions to electrical machines in
protection type ”Increased Safety”

2.5 Maintenance and repair

For maintenance, repair and modifications on explosion–proof machines the relevant national
rules, the regulation for operational safety (Betriebssicherheitsverordnung), the safety
instructions and descriptions of the general maintenance instructions have to be observed.
Any work directly influencing the explosion protection, like for instance
– repair work on stator or rotor winding and on the terminals
– repair work on the ventilation system,
has to be made at the manufacturer or by an approved workshop for electrical machines. This
work has to be identified by an additional repair plate showing the following data:

– date
– company performing the work,
– kind of repair work
– identification symbol of the expert.

If the work is not done by the manufacturer, an approval by a licensed expert is required.
He must issue a written confirmation and the machine must be provided with his approval
symbol respectively.

2.6 Spare parts

With the exception of standard, commercial and equivalent parts (e.g. screws) only original
spare parts are allowed to be used (see spare parts list); in particular this also applies to
gaskets.
Components like e.g. terminals, cable– and lead entries are only allowed to be replaced by
equivalent components with an EC–type–examination certificate resp. with an IECEx
Certificate.

2.7 Ignition risk at the rotor

The manufacturer carries out a risk assessment with respect to potential air gap sparking for
cage rotors.
Rotor type test acc. to EN 60079–7:2003 / IEC 60079–7: 2001 was passed by Loher. Thus
normally no further measures are required.

If pre–ventilation is required the electrical machine is to be provided with an additional plate.

Additional plate:
Pre–ventilation before starting is required,
acc. to the risk assessment for cage rotors to EN 60079–7:2003 / IEC 60079–7:2001.

See Paragraph 13: ”Pre–start ventilation”.

N–R 468 en 02.11

Page 9 of 39
Measures to maintain the explosion protection
during operation

2.8 Mechanical explosion protection

All machines being marked to Directive 94/9/EC have to be checked at regular intervals for
mechanical damages which could be an ignition risk acc. to EN 60079–17 / IEC 60079–17.
Special attention must be paid that the intervals for bearing replacement and regreasing
intervals or grease change intervals as well as oil change intervals to be specified by the
operating company are observed.

When the rated service life is reached the bearings should either be replaced or proven by an
inspection that there are no mechanical damages.

– For bearings which cannot be regreased it is ensured that the rated service life will only be
reached clearly after reaching of the grease service life.

– The calculated rated service life of the bearings can be seen in the data sheet of the
machine, if it was specified particularly or for structural reasons specified for an individual case.

–For machines which are exposed to forces applied externally (e.g. belt force or axial load from
the driven machine) the bearing service life is a minimum of 20.000 hours for the full load
indicated in the technical list.

– All of the other machines have a rated bearing service life of at least 40.000 hours.

– For bearings with separate oil supply the operating company is to watch suitably that the
lubrication is maintained.

The motors are suitable for ambient temperatures from –20 _C (–4 _F) up to +40 _C
(104 _F) resp. for the temperature range indicated on the rating plate.
In special design with installed heating or heating via the winding the motor is allowed to
be operated up to the minus temperature indicated on the rating plate. See supplement to
operating instructions N–R 455 ”Heating to obtain the required surface temperature”.
Prior to switch on the motor, the heating is to be switched off. The heating is only allowed to be
operated when the motor is switched off and has to be locked against the main circuit.
During motor operation the heating must not be switched on.
The heating data for voltage and current are indicated on the additional plate being attached to
the motor.
Motors in the mechanical special design ”for low temperature” can be put into operation
without heating up to the minus temperature indicated on the rating plate.

Page 10 of 39 N–R 468 en 02.11

Instructions to electrical machines in
protection type ”n”

3. Protection type ”n”

Marking of the motors with Declaration of Conformity acc. to Directive 94/9/EC / IECEx Scheme:
CE II 3 G Ex nA II T / IECEx..., Ex e II T.
For explosion–proof motors in protection type ”n” acc. to EN 60079–0 / IEC 60079–0 and
EN 60079–15 / IEC 60079–15 the following items have to be observed:

3.1 General
The increased risk in hazardous areas requires a strict observance of the safety and
commissioning instructions.

3.2 Specified use

Explosion–proof electrical machines are in accordance with the standards of the series
EN 60034 as well as EN 60079 / IEC 60079. In hazardous areas they are only allowed to be
used in accordance with the specifications of the competent supervising authority, which
decides on the explosion hazard and zone classification.
Type of protection and temperature class are indicated on the rating plate.

In compliance with Directive 94/9/EC, EN 60079

– Device group II (hazardous areas by gas), Category 3 (= Zone 2)
This category includes electrical machines, e.g. also in protection type ”n”, to be used in areas
hazarded by an explosive atmosphere.
In compliance with Directive 94/9/EC and IECEx Scheme
Inverter operation has to be certified. It is imperative to observe the separate manufacturer
specifications. For protection type ”n” it is required to identify the motor and inverter as
belonging together and the admissible operating data have to be determined in the common
test certificate – data information and certified by the EC/IEC Declaration of Conformity
respectively.
It is possible that the size of the voltage peaks produced by the inverter is adversely affected
by the connection cable installed between inverter and electrical machine. In the system
inverter–cable–electrical machine the maximum value of the voltage peaks on the terminals of
the machine is not allowed to exceed the value mentioned in the separate manufacturer
specifications.

3.3 Installation and electrical connection

The installation and operation of electrical equipment in hazardous areas requires the
observance of the applicable national and international rules, e.g. regulation for operational
safety (Betriebssicherheitsverordnung (BetrSichV)):
”Decree for safety and health protection regarding the provision of work equipment and its use
at work, safety during operation of installations requiring supervision and the organization of
industrial safety”.

For belt drives only those belts may be used which are allowed for hazardous areas.
The general safety and commissioning instructions are applicable for the electrical connection.
Cable entries and plugs (for openings which are not used) must be tested for hazardous areas
and approved by an EC–type–examination certificate acc. to Directive 94/9/EC resp. with an
IECEx Certificate.

N–R 468 en 02.11

Page 11 of 39
Instructions to electrical machines in
protection type ”n”

For delivery the special threads will be sealed with non–certified plugs (transport protection
only). These plugs must in accordance with the corresponding protection type of the terminal
box be replaced by certified cable entries with EC–type–examination certificate according to
Directive 94/9/EC or with an IECEx Certificate.

When connecting the motors, the connections inside the terminal box are to be given special
care and attention. Furthermore a safe earthing connection has to be made (also see Paragraph
1.6 and 6.2).
Observe the air and creepage distances to EN 60079–0 / 60079–7 and IEC 60079–0 / 60079–7.

When the leads are inserted into the terminal box, care must be taken that the leads are
strain–relieved.

The inside of the terminal boxes must always be kept clean. The seals must be intact and fit
correctly. In operation the terminal box must always be tightly closed.

Cable–, lead entries and connecting cables must be suitable for ambient temperatures
occurring.

Position, shape and size of the entry threads are documented in the dimension drawing
of the motor. Type and size of the entry threads next to the bore hole is indicated for terminal
boxes ”Ex d” additionally.

For motors with cable entry (no terminal box at the motor) the cable (connecting lead) is to
be connected in a housing, which meets the requirements of an approved type of protection
according to EN 60079–0 / IEC 60079–0, if the motor is to be connected in a hazardous area.

3.4 Protective measures against overheating

If no other data are indicated in the test certificate or on the rating plate as to duty type and
tolerances, the Ex nA II machines are designed for continuous duty and normal, not frequently
repeated starts, during which no essential temperature rise occurs at starting. The motors are
only allowed to be used for the duty type stated on the rating plate.
Zone A in EN 60034–1 (VDE 0530, Part 1) – voltage $ 5%, frequency $ 2%, curvature,
mains symmetry – has to be observed, in order to keep the temperature rise within the
admissible limits. Higher deviations from the rated values can cause an inadmissible heating of
the electrical machine and have to be stated on the rating plate.
In particular, each motor must be protected against overheating due to overload. The following
notes must be observed:
According to EN 60079–14 / IEC 60079–14 all machines must be protected against
overheating by a current–dependent delayed circuit breaker with phase–failure protection in
accordance with EN 60947 / IEC 60947 or by an equivalent equipment in all phases.
The protective device must be adjusted to the rated current (Value must be indicated on the
rating plate).

Page 12 of 39 N–R 468 en 02.11

Instructions to electrical machines in
protection type ”n”

Windings with delta–connection must be protected in such a way that the circuit breakers are
connected in series with the winding phases. For the selection and the adjustment of the circuit
breakers, the rated value of the phase current, i.e. 0.58 times the rated current of the motor
must be taken as basis. If such a connection is not possible, suitable circuit breakers, e.g. with
phase failure monitoring have to be used.
Thermal motor protection by direct temperature control of the winding is admissible when the
motor is designed and tested for this purpose.

If a continuity test of the temperature sensors should be required, it is not allowed to apply a
voltage exceeding 2.5 V!
For pole–changing motors, independent and interlocking protective devices are required for
each speed step.

3.5 Maintenance and repair see Paragraph 2.5

3.6 Spare parts see Paragraph 2.6
3.7 Ignition risk at the rotor
The manufacturer carries out a risk assessment with respect to potential air gap sparking for
cage rotors.
Rotor type test acc. to EN 60079–15:2005 / IEC 60079–7 was passed by Loher. Thus normally
no further measures are required.

If pre–ventilation is required the electrical machine is to be provided with an additional plate.

Additional plate:
Pre–ventilation before starting is required,
acc. to the risk assessment for cage rotors to EN 60079–15:2005 / IEC 60079–15.

See Paragraph 13: ”Pre–start ventilation”.

Note
Compliance with the ignition test (rotor type test to EN 60079–15:2005 / IEC 60079–15) does
not guarantee that the motor may not produce sparks under difficult ambient and operating
conditions.

3.8 Mechanical explosion protection see Paragraph 2.8

N–R 468 en 02.11

Page 13 of 39
Description

4. Description
4.1 Overall construction and design
Mounting arrangement acc. to EN 60034–7: see dimension drawing or rating plate

Mounting dimensions for surface cooling up to frame size 315 M acc. to

DIN EN 50347
from frame size 315 L, see dimension drawing
all frame sizes acc. to IEC 60072–1 or IEC 60072–2: see dimension drawing

Connection designations acc. to

DIN VDE 530 Teil 8
IEC 60034 – 8: see wiring diagram

Enclosure acc. to
EN 60034 – 5: see rating plate

Cooling acc. to EN 60034–6:

IC 411 Surface cooling (TEFC) or hollow fin cooling or
IC 511 Tube cooling or
IC 611 Internal cooling with mounted–on air–to–air heat exchanger or
IC 81 W Internal cooling with air–water heat exchanger
IC71W Water jacket cooling
Details of the motor design are indicated in the valid technical catalogues.

4.2 Bearings
The motors are equipped with grease–lubricated antifriction bearings. The standard version of
the bearings in motors up to frame size 280 is permanently lubricated.
The bearings of the surface–cooled motors from frame size 315 are equipped with regreasing
devices and automatic grease quantity control.

4.3 Cooling
4.3.1 Surface cooling (TEFC) for the Type E...–... and A...K–... / A..L–...
Design for fin and hollow fin or tube cooling, where an external fan takes in the cooling air
through the openings in the fan cover and presses the air over the surface or through the
cooling tubes of the stator frame. For hollow fin or tube cooling the heat dissipation is
supported by a closed cooling air circuit inside the motor.
4.3.2 Internal cooling with mounted–on air–water heat exchanger for the Type JNW.–...
The motors are equipped with air–water circuit coolers. The cooling air led through the heat
exchanger and motor is recooled in the heat exchanger and the heat loss is dissipated through
the cooling water. The heat exchangers are provided with special ribbed tubes.
4.3.3 IInternal cooling with mounted–on air–to–air heat exchanger for the Type JNR.–...
The motors are equipped with air–to–air heat exchanger. The cooling air led through the heat
exchanger and motor is recooled in the heat exchanger and the heat loss is dissipated through
the cooling medium air.
4.3.4 Water jacket cooling for the Type ENW. –... and ANW. –...
The stator housing has a double casing. For water channelling it is sub–divided by spirals where
the cooling water passes through. This results in good heat dissipation. Additionally, this reduces
the danger that suspended matters carried along in the water can deposit.

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Description

4.4 Motor frame

4.4.1 Construction for surface cooling (TEFC) Type E...–... and A...K–... / A..L–...
Depending on the frame size, the stator frame and end shields are made of grey cast iron or
steel. The fan cover is made of sheet steel. The stator frame surface is provided with cooling
fins, hollow fins or tubes and mounted–on terminal box.

4.4.2 Construction for internal cooling with air–water heat exchanger Type JNW.–...
The stator frame and end shields are of steel. The stator frame surface is plain with
mounted–on terminal box. Between the stator jacket and the stator core there are spacing ribs
making possible the internal cooling. An air–water circuit cooler is mounted onto the ventilation
openings.

4.4.3 Construction for internal cooling with air–to–air heat exchanger Type JNR.–...
Like for the internal cooling with air–water heat exchanger, however, an air–to–air heat
exchanger is mounted onto the ventilation openings.

4.4.4 Construction for water jacket cooling Type ENW. –... and ANW. –...
Stator frame and end shields are made of grey cast iron or steel.
The stator housing is designed as double casing, through which the cooling water is led.
The housing is provided with inlet and outlet for the cooling water.

4.5 Stator winding

The stator winding is executed in insulation class (see rating plate) acc. to EN 60034–1.
High–quality enamelled wires, suitable surface insulating materials and the type of insulation
provide a high level of mechanical and electrical stability with a high utilization factor and a long
service life.

4.6 Rotor
The rotor in motors of small frame sizes is equipped with a squirrel cage made of aluminium
die cast, in case of larger frame sizes with a cage in brazed version. The rotor is dynamically
balanced.
The balance is indicated on the shaft end face or the rating plate, see Paragraph 6.1
”Installation”.
The motors in standard design meet the requirements of vibration level N acc. to
EN 60034–14/DIN VDE 0530–14/IEC 60034–14, in special cases level R (reduced) or S
(special).

4.7 Terminal boxes

If required, additional terminals for the monitoring devices are available inside the terminal box.
On special order an additional terminal box will be installed for larger motors (see dimension
drawing).
The number of available terminals is indicated in the wiring diagrams.

4.8 Monitoring devices

Monitoring devices are only available on special request.
See wiring diagram!

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Transport

5. Transport

5.1 Transport markings

Depending on transport route and size the machine is packed differently. Unless otherwise
expressly agreed the packing will be in compliance with the packing guidelines according to the
International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM).

Please observe the symbols on the packing. They have the following meaning:

This end up Fragile goods Keep dry Protect Center of gravity Hooks Attach here
from heat forbidden

For handling during transport the stator construction of the motor is equipped with lifting eyes,
where the lifting hooks can be fixed.
Check whether screwed lifting eyes are securely tightened.
Danger
Lift motors only by using these lifting eyes. Several lifting eyes must always be used
together.

Lifting of the motors on other parts (e.g. shaft ends, cooler) is not permitted, since this might result
in considerable damages.
The lifting eyes are only suitable for the motor weight. Additional loads attached to the
Danger motor must never be lifted using these eyes.

5.2 Check before installation

Check whether the motor has been damaged during transport. If the packing is damaged to
such an extent that a motor damage is to be assumed, the packing should be removed in the
presence of a representative agent of the carrier.

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Transport

5.3 Bearing lock

(for motors with roller bearings only)

The rotor of the motor is locked in order to avoid damages to bearings caused by vibrations at
standstill:
–by red marked locking screws in the bearing cap
–or by a transport locking mechanism fixed to the shaft end.
Before the motor is mounted, the locking screws must be loosened by 10 mm and the transport
locking device must be removed (see instruction plate on the motor).
After this, it must be possible to turn the shaft by hand.

We recommend loosening of the bearing lock only after the drive element has been fitted.

The transport locking mechanism has to be reused for further transports.

Prevent failures and thus avoid damages to persons and property.

The person responsible for the installation has to make sure, that
–safety– and operating instructions are available and observed

–operating conditions and technical data acc. to the order are observed

–protective equipment is used

–specified maintenance work is carried out.

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Installation and commissioning

6. Installation and commissioning

A most careful mounting and alignment of the motors on an absolutely even surface is
imperative to avoid distortions when the screws are being tightened. For machines to be
coupled attention must be paid to a careful alignment. See Appendix 2 for alignment check. As
elastic as possible couplings should be used.
In case of using e.g. pulleys, gears etc. care must be taken that the permissible radial and axial
shaft loads are not exceeded.

Motors with surface cooling (TEFC), hollow fin cooling, tube cooling or internal cooling
with air–to–air heat exchanger

(for all indicated types except Type JNW.–..., ENW. –... and ANW. –...)

Maximum permissible coolant temperature (room temperature on site) acc to EN 60034–1/

IEC 60034–1 is max. 40 _C (104 _F) max. and a permissible altitude up to 1000 m above mean
sea level (other values see rating plate).
Care must be taken that the cooling air can flow without hindrance into the air inlet openings and
freely pass through the air outlet openings and cannot be directly sucked in again. Suction and
outlet openings must be protected from obstructions and coarse dust.

Motors with water jacket cooling (Type ENW. –... and ANW. –...
Before commissioning of water–cooled motors, the troublefree function of the cooling–water circuit
must be guaranteed. It must be ensured that the motor will only be switched on when the
cooling–water circuit is in operation. It must be kept functioning until the motor comes to standstill
after switching–off. Inlet and outlet openings are found on the motor housing.

The cooling water circuit is to be monitored. Normally, the motor is equipped with PTC thermistor
sensors, which switch off the motor if the cooling–water circuit fails. If the housing is provided with
vent plugs for the water chamber, venting is to be made for the first filling and thereafter at regular
intervals.

Only clean, non–aggressive cooling water is to be used. Admissible content of suspended solids
is max. 10mg/l

A most careful mounting and alignment of the motors on an absolutely even surface is
imperative to avoid distortions when the screws are being tightened. For machines which are to
be coupled it must be paid attention to a careful alignment. See Appendix 2 for alignment
check. As elastic as possible couplings should be used.

The inlet temperature of the cooling water should be at least 20 _C (68 _F)..
Temperatures below 20 _C (68 _F) result in higher formation of condensation water and motor
failure.
Admissible inlet and outlet temperature, maximum pressure and the required amount of cooling
water are indicated on the motor plates.

The motors are only allowed to be operated at a coolant temperature over 0 _C (32 _F). For lower
temperatures it is required to add an antifreeze due to reduced cooling effect. Consultation with
the motor manufacturer is required.

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Installation and commissioning

Motors with mounted–on air–water heat exchanger for the Type JNW.–...
Before commissioning of the motors, the troublefree function of the cooling–water circuit must be
guaranteed. It must be ensured that the motor will only be switched on when the cooling–water
circuit is in operation. It must be kept functioning until the motor comes to standstill after
switching–off.
Admissible inlet and outlet temperature, maximum pressure and the required amount of cooling
water are indicated on the motor plates.

6.1 Mounting
Fitting of pulleys or couplings.
First the shaft end should be cleaned (not with emery cloth) and then greased. Pulley or
coupling should be fitted only with the aid of a fitting device. For this purpose the threaded
centering hole in the shaft end can be used. Insert the threaded bolt into the thread. Then
place the steel washer, the diameter of which is large enough to cover the hub borehole of the
pulley or coupling. The pulley and coupling is to be pulled up onto the shaft end by means of a
nut or a suitable hydraulic device.

The fitting of the drive elements by means of hammer blows is not permitted because of
the risk of bearing damages.
When replacing the bearings those must only be removed and reinstalled by means of
suitable devices using the shaft centering. Only original spare parts must be used.

The rotor of the motor is dynamically balanced. Balance is indicated on the shaft end face or
the rating plate. (H = half key, F = full key). Take care of the balance for installation of the
driving element!
The balancing of the transmission elements to be fitted must be adapted to the rotor balancing.
In case of half key balancing any protruding and visible part of the key has to be removed or
a mass balancing is to be made.

The motor must only be mounted and operated according to the specified mounting
arrangement (see rating plate).
In case of using e.g. pulleys, gears etc. care must be taken that the permissible radial and axial
shaft loads are not exceeded.
For explosion–proof motors only belts which are permissible for hazardous areas are allowed
to be used.

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Installation and commissioning

6.2 Connection, insulation resistance

Connection must only be made by an expert and in accordance with the valid safety
regulations. The relevant installation– and operating instructions as well as national and
international rules have to be observed.

Observe data on the rating plate!

Compare type of current, mains voltage and frequency (see Paragraph 6.3.1)!
Observe connection!
Observe rated current for setting of the protective switch!
Connect motor in accordance with the wiring diagram provided in the terminal box!
The motor must be protected against excessive heating.
See Paragraph 2.4.

For earthing the motor is provided with an earthing terminal, which depending on the mounting
arrangement is either located on the frame resp. on the flange end shield. In addition all motors
have a protective conductor terminal inside the terminal box.

As protection against dust and humidity unused cable entries in the terminal box must have a
torsionproof seal. All terminal screws and nuts have to be securely tightened to avoid
excessive transition resistances (see Paragraph 6.6).

Protective measures are to be taken.

In case of motors with terminal boxes which have ground surfaces between cover and base, a
thin grease film is to be applied for sealing and against corrosion.
After longer storage periods or standstill (also see Paragraph 10.1.2.) the insulation resistance
of the winding must be measured phase against phase and phase against ground before
putting into operation.
Humid windings might cause creeping currents, arcing and ruptures. In case of values v 1 kΩ
per Volt of rated voltage measured at a winding temperature of 20 _C (68 _F) the winding must
be dried.

6.3 Rotational direction and designation of the terminals acc. to

DIN VDE 0530–8/IEC 60334–8

6.3.1 In standard design surface cooled (TEFC) motors up to frame size 315 are suitable for both
directions of rotation.
Motors suitable for one rotational direction only are identified by an arrow on the motor for the
correct direction. Terminals U1, V1, W1 connected to phase L1, L2, L3 (in alphabetical sequence
or natural sequence) always result in clockwise rotation. This rule applies to all motors, even if they
are not suitable for clockwise direction.

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Installation and commissioning

6.3.2 Change of rotational direction:

For DOL (direct on–line) starting and in pole–changing motors with separate windings the direction
of rotation can be reversed by exchanging two mains conductors on the terminal board of the
motor.
For motors with star/delta starting and pole–changing motors with Dahlander winding, 2 (two)
mains conductors at the input to the motor switch have to be exchanged.
For a machine with one shaft end only or with two shaft ends of different diameters, that rotational
direction of the rotor is considered as the direction of rotation, being noticed by anybody when
looking at the front end or thicker shaft end.

6.3.3 With forced ventilation the direction of rotation is separately marked by an arrow on the forced
ventilation itself.

6.4 Air–water heat exchanger

(for the Type JNW.–...)
For connection and commissioning the instructions for air–water heat exchangers must be
considered. Admissible inlet– and outlet temperature, max. pressure and the required cooling
water volume are indicated on the motor plates.

6.5 Check before commissioning

–Observe data on the rating plate!
– Check whether voltage and frequency of the motor comply with the mains data!
– Check whether the bearing lock has been removed!
See Paragraph 5.2 ”Bearing lock”!
– Check whether the rotational direction is correct and for inverter operation, that
the limit speed is not exceeded!
– Check whether the motor is protected as specified in the regulations!
– Check and make sure that in case of star/delta–starting, because of the risk of
inadmissible operational loads, the switching from star to delta can only be
executed after fading of starting current of the star step!
– Check whether the electrical connections are securely tightened and whether the
monitoring devices are correctly connected and adjusted!
– Check whether protective measures have been taken: earthing!
– Check coolant temperature!
– Check whether additional equipment – if existing – is functionable.
– Check whether the cooling air inlet openings and cooling surfaces are clean!
– If a condensation water drain hole exists, open the hole for a short time, that the
accumulated condensation water can be drained off!
– Check whether the motor is securely fixed!
– In case of a belt drive, check the belt tension!
– Check whether the cover of the terminal box is closed and whether the cable
entries are properly sealed.
– Check whether the cable glands and the plugs (for unused entry threads) are approved by an
EC–type–examination certificate according to Directive 94/9/EC resp. to IECEx Scheme.
– For water–cooled motors it is to be checked whether the cooling water circuit is
functioning.
– For forced–ventilated motors it is to be checked, whether the forced ventilation is
functionable and in operation when the main motor is in operation.

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Installation and commissioning

6.6 Tightening torques for screwed joints

6.6.1 General
If no other data are indicated the following torque limits (screw and nut) are applicable.
Note: Screws which become unusable have to be replaced by
new ones of the same strength class and type.

6.6.2 Screwed joints for electrical connections

Thread Tightening torque [Nm] Thread Tightening torque [Nm]

M4 1.2 M 12 15.5
M5 2 M 16 30
M6 3 M 20 52
M8 6 M 24 80
M10 10 M 30 150

6.6.3 Screwed joints strength class 8.8 and A4–70

Tightening torques for screws of the strength class 8.8 and A4–70 (A4–80) only in components
with higher strength (e.g. grey cast iron, steel).

Thread Tightening torque [Nm] Thread Tightening torque [Nm]

M4 2.3 M 14 105
M5 4.6 M 16 160
M6 7.9 M 20 330
M8 19 M 24 560
M10 38 M 30 1100 1)
M 12 66 M 36 1900 1)
1) Values are not applicable to strength classes A4–70 and A4–80

6.6.4 Screwed joints strength class 5.6 and A4–50

Tightening torques for screws of the strength class 5.6, 4.6, A2–50, A4–50 or for screws in
components with lower strength (e.g. aluminium).

Thread Tightening torque [Nm] Thread Tightening torque [Nm]

M4 1.1 M 14 49
M5 2.1 M 16 75
M6 3.7 M 20 150
M8 8.9 M 24 260
M10 18 M 30 520
M 12 30 M 36 920

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Installation and commissioning

6.6.5 After entry of the cable into the terminal box the glands and the parts used for the strain relief
are to be tightened with the corresponding torque in accordance with the data of the cable gland
manufacturer.
The assembly torque limits depend on the used cable gland as well as the cable or supply line
and must therefore be determined by the user.

The Loher standard glands supplied with the motor have at least to be tightened according to
the table.

Table: Assembly torque limits for Loher standard cable glands [Nm]

Cable gland for Ex e II

Type HSK–M

Nominal size Union nut Threaded connection

M12x1.5 5 7

M16x1.5 5 7

M20x1.5 5 7

M25x1.5 7 10

M32x1.5 7 10

M40x1.5 7 10

M50x1.5 7 10

M63x1.5 7 10

M75x1.5 – –

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Installation and commissioning

6.7 Inverter operation

For inverter operation the insulation of the motor winding is subject to a higher load than for
mains operation.

Voltage peaks (especially for PWM inverters with long motor cable)
a) The design of the terminal box concerning the air and creepage distances allows the
inverter operation with voltage peaks (ÛLL =Maximum value of the conductor–to–conductor
voltage and ÛLE = Maximum value of the line–to–earth voltage) up to Û = 1866 V.
b) To avoid the formation of partial discharges, the voltage at the motor terminals must be
limited, depending on the rise time tA, to values which are below the characteristic curve of the
chart ”Dielectric strength curve” (see diagram below)

In order to ensure the explosion protection it is required that the Ex e motors and Ex nA II
motors are tested and certified together with the respective inverter.
The inverter parameters (e.g. voltage–frequency characteristic) adjusted at the test are not
allowed to be changed any more.
A thermal motor protection as sole protection or in connection with the inverter must be
available.
The built–in temperature sensors (PTC thermistors) which must be suitable for sole protection
are to be connected to a tripping device provided with the EC–type–examination certificate
according to Directive 94/9/EC.

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Maintenance

7. Maintenance

The responsible for the facility must ensure that the specified maintenance work is made
adequately.

7.1 Bearings and greasing

7.1.1 The bearings in totally enclosed fan–cooled (TEFC) motors up to frame size 280 are permanently
lubricated. In case of deviations this is marked by indication plates on the motor.
For normal coolant temperatures (see EN 60034–1 or page 2 of these instructions) the motors are
greased in our plant, which under normal operating conditions must only be replaced after several
years (see Appendix 1).

7.1.2 Bearings of totally enclosed fan–cooled (TEFC) motors from frame size 315 (upon customer
request also for the range from frame size 160 to 280) are equipped with regreasing devices and
automatic grease quantity control. The regreasing of the bearings is done by means of a grease
gun through the nipples provided on the end shields.
Overfilling of the bearing chambers is not possible since in case of an extended regreasing the
used grease will be thrown off by a rotating disk in the outer grease chamber through an aperture
in the end shield

Regreasing during operation only!

Danger of accident! Pay attention to rotating parts.
Regreasing intervals, grease quantity and grease quality are indicated on the instruction plates
at the motor. Regreasing, however, is to be made at least once a year.

If the motor is equipped with grease removal rams, the used grease must be removed after
regreasing by pulling the ram at the bearing several times to the stop, with the motor in
operation.

If the motor is equipped with grease collecting chambers, these chambers and end shields
respectively, are to be dismounted at motor standstill acc. to the intervals on the instruction
plate and the used bearing grease is to be removed. If this is not done, the grease piles up and
the bearings are overheated.

Extending the regreasing intervals endangers the bearing and might risk a deterioration of the
sealing provided by the grease and thus the ingress of dust into the bearing. If the motors have
not been operated for a longer period we recommend even for new motors to regrease the
bearings before putting into operation, especially if due to congealing grease in the bearing
there are noises which are caused by vibrations of the bearing cage. In the course of
running–in increased bearing noises might occur for a short period. The bearing noise is not
critical as long as the operating temperature of the bearing is not yet reached and if the noise is
caused by the dynamic viscosity of the bearing grease.

The temperature of the bearings is continuously to be checked. Up to a room temperature of

40 _C/104 _F a heating–up of 80 K is acceptable if the recommended grease quality is used.

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Maintenance

We would like to point out that the grease quantity regulation can only work properly if the
grease types specified by us are used. Decisive is the plate fixed on the motor!

Relubrication with grease of a different saponification basis. e.g. sodium saponified grease,
might cause a deterioration and elimination of the grease effect and thus a total damage of the
bearings.

In case of 2 and 4 pole motors it might happen that by the use of unsuitable greases the
grease quantity regulation fails and when pressing new grease into the bearings they get
abnormally hot due to overfilling. In such cases the bearings have to be cleaned thoroughly by
using cold–degreasing agent, and be refilled with suitable grease.

7.2 Terminal locations, terminals, ventilating and water passages

Depending on the operating conditions, the following should be done in certain intervals
– cleaning of terminal locations and terminals
– checking of the electrical connections with regard to tightness
(see Paragraph 6.6 for tightening torques)
– cleaning of the air–flow channels.
Both the cooling air inlets and the cooling surfaces must be protected against obstruction and
contamination.
– If required, the water chambers are to be flushed and cleaned from deposits.

Never use sharp–edged tools for cleaning.

7.3 Air–water heat exchanger

(motors with air–water heat exchanger Type JNW. –...)
For maintenance please consider the instructions for the air–water heat exchanger.

7.4 Condensation water drain hole

If the motor has a condensation water drain hole, it has to be opened at regular intervals to
have the accumulated condensation water drained off.

Attention must be paid to seal the condensation water drain hole by a screw with lock washer
to ensure the protection type.

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Additional equipment

8. Additional equipment

On special order only.

8.1 Temperature monitoring*

The temperature sensors for monitoring e.g. of the stator winding temperature, the bearings,
the coolant must be connected to the additional terminals in the main terminal box or by one or
several additional terminal boxes.
The temperature sensors have to be connected according to the relevant connection diagram.
For connection the specifications and instructions acc. to Paragraph 6.2 ”Connection” are
applicable.

8.2 Space heater* (as protection against condensation water)

Heating capacity and connection voltage: See special plate on the motor. The space heater has
to be connected acc. to the connection diagram which is included in the terminal box.
For connection the specifications and instructions acc. to Paragraph 6.2 ”Connection” are
applicable. The space heater is only allowed to be operated when the motor is switched off and
locking against the main circuit is required.

8.3 Forced ventilation*

Observe direction of rotation! (see arrow for directional rotation.)
Forced ventilation is to be connected acc. to the wiring diagram inside the terminal box.
During operation of the main motor the forced ventilation must be switched on!
The forced ventilation is dissipating the heat loss during operation of the main motor.
Electric–thermal monitoring of the main motor is required.

8.3.1 To be checked when commissioning the main motor:

Check whether the forced ventilation is functioning and in operation when the main motor is
switched on!

* On special order only.

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Spare parts and components

9. Spare parts and components

When ordering spare parts or components please state the type and serial number of the motor.
Both data can be taken from the rating plate.

Standard version:

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Spare parts and components

1.00 Stator, complete 4.34 Resilient preloading ring, NDE

1.03 Stator core with winding 4.36 Grease guide disk, NDE
1.06 Stator housing 4.38 Centrifugal disk, NDE
1.10 Mounting feet, unmachined 4.42 Felt packing ring, NDE
(1 pair) 4.44 Outside gasket, NDE
2.00 Rotor, complete (balanced) 4.46 Inner gasket, NDE

3.01 End shield, DE 5.01 External fan, complete

3.02 Flange shield, DE 5.10 Fan cover, complete
3.08 Flange disk, DE 5.14 Protective grid, complete
3.21 End shield, NDE 5.30 Spring fastener

4.01 Bearing, DE
4.05 Bearing, NDE
4.10 Outside bearing cap, DE 6.03 Base of terminal box
4.12 Inner bearing cap, DE 6.04 Upper part of terminal box
4.14 Resilient preloading ring, DE 6.05 Terminal box cover
4.16 Grease guide disk, DE 6.07 Bushing plate
4.18 Centrifugal disk, DE 6.10 Cable entry
4.22 Felt packing ring, DE 6.15 Terminal board, complete
4.24 Outside gasket, DE 6.16 Bushing terminal
4.26 Inner gasket, DE 6.17 Accessory terminal
4.30 Outside bearing cap, NDE 6.20 Clamping
4.32 Inner bearing cap, NDE

The parts shown are available in different sets depending on type, size, mounting and enclosure. They are
available from our works.

When ordering spare parts, please state:

Spare part designation

Motor type
Serial number

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Storage instructions

10. Storage specifications

10.1 For motors which have to be stored for a period of up to 2 years, the
following is to be observed:
10.1.1 Storage
10.1.1.1 The motors are to be stored dry, dustfree and at room temperature. In this case no special
packing is required. Otherwise the motors must be packed into plastic foil with
humidity–absorbing substances (e.g. Branogel) or into an air–sealed foil. Protective cover
against sun and rain is to be provided.

10.1.1.2 In order to avoid secondary failures at the bearings caused by vibrations at standstill, for
example by adjacent running machines, the motors are only allowed to be stored in
vibrationless rooms.

10.1.1.3 For transport the motors with roller bearings have to be equipped with a bearing lock at the
driving end. It is to remain locked until commissioning resp. to be re–installed after an
inspection or a trial operation. A locking device is not necessary and not available, if the
bearing is axially preloaded.

10.1.1.4 On motors with sealed condensation water drain holes it might be necessary to have the
condensation water drained off. Afterwards the boreholes are to be sealed again.

10.1.2 Commissioning
10.1.2.1 Before commissioning the insulation resistance of the winding must be measured by qualified
personnel phase against phase and phase against mass. Damp windings may cause leakage
currents, arcing and ruptures. In case of values v 1 kΩ per Volt of the rated voltage measured
at a winding temperature of 20 _C (68 _F) the winding must be dried. Drying is possible by
feeding of the winding with single phase a.c. current. The voltage has to be adjusted in a way
that the recommended values of the heating current in accordance with Illustrations a) and b)
are not exceeded.
The temperature should reach 80 _C (176 _F) and being active for several hours. Drying is
also possible in a drying kiln.

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Storage instructions

Recommended heating circuits and maximum heating currents

a) D b) Y
IMAX = 65 % Ir IMAX = 75 % Ir

10.1.2.2 On motors with bearing lock this one has to be removed before commissioning.

10.1.2.3 Antifriction bearings, lubrication

If adequately stored for a longer time it can be assumed that within 2 years the lubricating
grease in the bearings is not affected. Motors with permanent lubrication can be put into
operation after having checked the insulation resistance of the winding and a short trial run.
For motors with insulation class F a lithium–saponified antifriction bearing grease with a
dripping point of at least 180 _C (356 _F) is used for normal ambient temperatures.
For the motors with insulation class H and certain special motors, the used special lubricating
grease is indicated on an instruction plate attached to the motor.

10.1.2.4 For motors with a regreasing device it is advisable to regrease both bearings shortly after
commissioning at running motor.
Grease type, grease quantity and regreasing intervals are marked on an additional plate
attached to the motor.
The data for grease service life with regreasing intervals can surely be expected for motors in
enclosure IP 55. The bearing is protected against the ingress of fine dust and of water in all
directions, e.g. for outdoor installation without additional protection.

10.1.3 For motors which are transported and stored in assembled condition with the machine to
be driven the following must be observed:

10.1.3.1 Storage
a) The free shaft ends must be greased before installation of the motors as well as all of the
other blank metal parts, e.g. foot– and flange surfaces or supporting faces of terminal boxes
and covers. As protection against dust and humidity grease seals with antifriction bearing
grease are to be installed at the shaft opening.

b) A humidity–absorbing substance (e.g. Branogel) is to be filled into the terminal boxes of the
motors.

c) The machines are to be stored dry, dustfree and at room temperature.

d) For further measures the specifications according to the Paragraphs 10.1.1.2 – 10.1.1.4 are
applicable.

A bearing lock is not necessary, if the bearings are preloaded by means of belt drive (10.1.1.3).

N–R 468 en 02.11

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Storage instructions

10.1.3.2 Commissioning
Before commissioning the humidity–absorbing substance (e.g. Branogel) is to be removed from
the terminal boxes and the measures according to 10.1.2 are to be performed.

10.1.3.3 For outdoor storage it is additionally to be observed:

Protective cover against the influence of sun and rain is to be provided, exchange of air must
be possible to avoid condensation water.
After 2 months it must always be checked if the protective measures acc. to 10.1.3.1a are still
given and functionable.

10.2 For motors which are stored for more than 2 up to 4 years before
commissioning additionally applies:
10.2.1 Storage
10.2.1.1 The manufacturer must be informed on the storage time in the purchase order.

10.2.1.2 Shaft opening and terminal box cover are to be provided with grease seals of antifriction
bearing grease. The motor shafts are not allowed to be rotated, as otherwise the protective
grease coating is destroyed. If a movement of rotating parts is unavoidable, the protective
grease coating has to be renewed.

10.2.1.3 A humidity–absorbing substance (e.g. Branogel) must be in the terminal boxes.

10.2.1.4 In case of permanent lubrication the antifriction bearings can be greased with the adequate
standard grease.

10.2.2 Commissioning
10.2.2.1 Before commissioning the humidity–absorbing substance (e.g. Branogel) is to be removed
from the terminal boxes and the measures according to 10.1.2 are to be performed.

10.2.2.2 Antifriction bearings, lubrication

Motors with regreasing device must be relubricated immediately after commissioning with
about the double grease quantity, until the used grease has been thrown out. Further greasing
can then be made with the bearing grease indicated on the lubrication plate. During the
running–in period increased bearing noises may occur, which are not dangerous, when the
operating temperature of the bearing has not been reached and the noise is caused due to the
dynamic viscosity of the bearing grease.

10.3 If motors are stored at temperatures to –50 _C (–58 _F) the following
must be observed in addition to the instructions according to Paragraph
10.1. and 10.2:
10.3.1 The standard antifriction bearing grease for the motors as per catalogue is suitable for
operating temperatures between –30 _C (–22 _F) and +130 _C (+266 _F). Temperatures to
–50 _C (–58 _F) are harmless for the antifriction bearing grease, when the motors are at
standstill or stored. (For an operation at –50 _C (–58 _F) a special grease, e.g. Klüber Isoflex
Alltime SL2, is available for the bearings).

10.3.2 Motors with regreasing device are to be relubricated when put into operation. Compared to the
indication on the lubrication plate the grease quantity has to be doubled.

Page 32 of 39 N–R 468 en 02.11

Storage instructions

10.4 If motors with water jacket cooling or with air–water cooler are stored at
temperatures up to –20 _C (–4 _F) the following must be observed in
addition to the instructions of Paragraph 10.1 and 10.2:
The water has to be removed completely from the water coolers.

In any case the coolers have to be dried completely with hot air of max. 60 _C (140 _F) and then
to be sealed.

Motors with coolers have to be stored in a dry and dustfree room.

Motors with regreasing device are to be relubricated when put into operation. Compared to the
indication on the lubrication plate the grease quantity has to be doubled.

10.5 Further to these storage instructions all data of these operating instructions are to be
considered. The manufacturer’s warranty is only applicable if all of the above
mentioned items are strictly observed.

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Faults and remedies

11. Faults and remedies

Fault Possible causes Remedy

Bearing is too hot Bearing noise* Motor runs
unevenly

Too much grease in bearing Remove excess grease

Bearing dirty Replace bearing

Belt tension too high Reduce belt tension

Coupling forces are pulling Realign motor, correct coupling

or pushing

Coolant temperature above 40 _C Adjust temperature of cooling air

(104 _F)

Not enough grease in the bearing Grease according to specifications

Motor incorrectly mounted Check mounting type of motor

Bearing grease dark coloured Check bearing currents

Scoring at bearing inner race, Replace bearing,

e.g. caused by motor start avoid vibrations at standstill
with locked bearing

Unbalance caused by pulley or

Exact balancing
coupling

Motor fastening instable Check fastening

*) If remedies described are insufficient, we recommend to replace the bearings.

Fault Possible causes Remedy

Motor High Protective
Motor does
is too hot decrease in device
not start
speed triggers

Countertorque too high Check motor– and load torque

Mains voltage too low Check mains conditions

Phase interruption Check mains supply

Observe wiring diagram and

Wrong winding connection
rating plate

Overload Compare data on rating plate

Too many starts per hour Observe rated duty type

Check ventilation passages,

Insufficient ventilation
check direction of rotation

Cooling water – Check inlet and

Insufficient cooling
outlet temperature

Ventilation passages dirty or Clean

cooling water circuit obstructed

Short–circuit of winding or terminal

Measure insulation resistance
board

Starting time exceeded Check starting conditions

Page 34 of 39 N–R 468 en 02.11

EC Declaration of Conformity

12. EC Declaration of Conformity

N–R 468 en 02.11

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EC Declaration of Conformity

Page 36 of 39 N–R 468 en 02.11

Pre–start ventilation

13. Pre–start ventilation

Supplement to operating instructions for explosion–proof electrical motors of the protection
types ”n” Ex nA II (only for areas of Zone 2) and ”Increased Safety” Ex e II.
Also see Paragraph 2.7 and 3.7 ”Ignition risk at the rotor”.
Electrical motors from Frame Size 355 are provided with connections (see dimension drawing)
for pre–ventilation.

Protective functions:
The ”Pre–ventilation” system avoids that there is any hazardous gas inside the motor
when it is started.

If hazardous gas is sucked in, there is an explosion risk for starting.

The ”Pre–ventilation system” does not correspond with protection type ”Pressurized Enclosure”
Danger Ex p II to EN 60079–2, especially its pre–ventilation conditions.

System description
– Connecting hole or flange in the motor for pressurizing gas supply.
– Connecting hole or flange in the motor for gas discharge (for pre–ventilation).
The motor manufacturer will specify the location of the connecting hole or of the flange.
– Prior to commissioning of the motor the free volume of the motor housing has to be purged
with pressurizing gas.
After the purging phase the inlet valve and the outlet valve will be closed.
There is no monitoring of the internal pressure.
– One or two purging valves are mounted onto the motor top side.
Response pressure in the purging phase is 3–20 mbar.

– Pressurizing gas supply e.g. by the following devices (inlet)

* Ball valve
* Regulator with filter
* Pressure reducing valve
* Safety valve
* Pressure gauge

Devices for pressurizing gas supply and gas outlet belong to the scope of delivery of the
operating company. They are delivered by the motor manufacturer only on special order.

– Prepared compressed air from the equipment can also be used as pressurizing gas.
– For commissioning of the motor it is necessary that the motor is filled with pressurizing gas.
The purging time depends on the available pressurizing gas volume (dm /min) and on the
motor housing volume.
The required purging time is to be determined prior to the initial start–up.
– The required purging volumes are indicated on the plates at the motor.

If the purging system includes electrical apparatuses, these have to be tested and certified
by an approved inspection body for their use in hazardous areas. The relevant national and
international safety and installation regulations have to be considered.
The operating instructions of the used devices have especially to be observed!

N–R 468 en 02.11

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Appendix 1 1

Grease life and grease quantities

for antifriction bearings of explosion–proof three–phase motors in protection type ”Increased
Safety” or ”n”, with squirrel cage for low voltage, with permanent lubrication.

Grease life for permanent lubrication in operation hours at rated

Type A.../E... speed
Horizontal mounting (IM B..) Vertical mounting (IM V..)
Frame size 3000 min–1 1500 min–1 v 1000 min–1 3000 min–1 1500 min–1 v 1000 min–1
90
24000
100 33000 33000
112
132
160 17000
24000 40000 40000 33000
180
200 24000
225
250 20000 13000
280

The indicated grease life is applicable for an ambient temperature of max. 40 _C (104 _F).
For a temperature rise of 10 _C (50 _F) each the grease life is to be reduced by factor 0.7 of
the chart value (max. 20 _C/68 _F = factor 0.5).

At an ambient temperature of 25 _C (77 _F) the double grease life can be expected,
however, 40000 operating hours at a maximum.
1) Independently of the operation hours the antifriction bearing grease resp. the bearing

(2Z bearings) have to be replaced after 5 years at the latest.

Page 38 of 39 N–R 468 en 02.11

Appendix 2 2

Servicebericht / Servicereport
Seite /
Page ...
Ausrichtprotokoll / Alignment Protocol

Servicenr. / Service No.: Bestellnr. / Order No.:

Type / Type: Seriennr. / Serial No.:

Kupplungstype / Type of coupling: Durchmesser / Diameter:

Empfohlene Ausrichtgenauigkeit / Tolerances for shaft alignment*

Drehzahl / Speed Parallelversatz / Offset Winkelversatz / Angularity offset
(rpm) mm mm / 100 mm coupling diameter
750 0,09 0,09
1500 0,06 0,05
3000 0,03 0,025

Gemessene Werte an der Kupplung / Measured values at the coupling

Parallelversatz / Offset Winkelversatz / Angularity

Messung /
Measurement

Bemerkungen / Comments:

* Falls keine Werte vom Kupplungshersteller vorgeschrieben sind / If no values were given from the coupling manufacturer

N–R 468 en 02.11

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 Satz Loher – Druck Loher 02.11 Printed in Germany

LOHER GmbH
P.O.Box 1164 S 94095 Ruhstorf
Hans–Loher–Str. 32 S 94099 RUHSTORF
GERMANY
Phone +49 8531 39–0 S Fax +49 8531 32895
E–Mail: [email protected]
http://www.loher.com