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Pof Internship Report Visit To Shop D20

The document summarizes Fatima Khan's visit to the D-20 shop, which performs reconditioning services like repairing, restoring, and renewing machines. The D-20 shop contains various machines like CNC machines, lathe centers, surface grinding machines, and more that operate using hydraulics, PLCs, timers, bearings, and other systems. Fatima provides an overview of the functions and purposes of the different machines in the D-20 reconditioning shop.

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89 views4 pages

Pof Internship Report Visit To Shop D20

The document summarizes Fatima Khan's visit to the D-20 shop, which performs reconditioning services like repairing, restoring, and renewing machines. The D-20 shop contains various machines like CNC machines, lathe centers, surface grinding machines, and more that operate using hydraulics, PLCs, timers, bearings, and other systems. Fatima provides an overview of the functions and purposes of the different machines in the D-20 reconditioning shop.

Uploaded by

awais jadoon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pof internship report

Visit to shop D20

Submitted to
Am. D20
Submitted by
Fatima khan
16-EE-151
ID. 272
Hitec university

D-20 SHOP:
D-20 is the Reconditioning shop of services group.Reconditioning is to
repair, restore and renew your machine back to pre-accident condition or
overhauling of your machine. D-20 shop works include

 Repairing of machine
 Restoring of machine
 Renewing of machine
 Cleaning of machine

MACHINES IN D-20 SHOP:


CNC MACHINE:
Numerical control (CNC) (also computer numerical control (CNC)) is
the automated control of machining tools (drills, boring tools, lathes) and 3D
printers by means of a computer. A CNC machine processes a piece of material
(metal, plastic, wood, ceramic, or composite) to meet specifications by a coded
programmed instruction and without a manual operator.

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM IN CNC MACHINE:


Hydraulic system is nothing but a system operated by hydraulic oil. When there is
a need of much pressure in low volumetric area, Hydraulic system gives us the
solution. CNC machine is such type of machine where several jobs are executed in
compact area and in less time. In such scenario, hydraulic systems play a big role
to execute several functions. Hydraulic Pressure in CNC machine is developed by
hydraulic power pack which is a combination of several hydraulic components.
hydraulic power pack design is so important for better working of the hydraulic
systems.
CENTER LATHE MACHINE:
A lathe center, often shortened to center, is a tool that has been ground to a point
to accurately position a workpiece on an axis. They usually have an included angle
of 60°, but in heavy machining situations an angle of 75° is used.The primary use
of a center is to ensure concentric work is produced; this allows the workpiece to
be transferred between machining (or inspection) operations without any loss of
accuracy.
SURFACE GEINDING MACHINE:
Surface grinding is used to produce a smooth finish on flat surfaces. It is a widely
used abrasive machining process in which a spinning wheel covered in rough
particles (grinding wheel) cuts chips of metallic or nonmetallic substance from a
workpiece, making a face of it flat or smooth.
The surface grinder is composed of an abrasive wheel, a workholding device
known as a chuck, and a reciprocating or rotary table. The chuck holds the material
in place while it is being worked on. It can do this one of two
ways: ferromagnetic pieces are held in place by a magnetic chuck, while non-
ferromagnetic and nonmetallic pieces are held in place by vacuum or mechanical
means
SHAPER MACHINE:
The shaper machine is a reciprocating type of machine basically used for
producing the horizontal, vertical or flat surfaces. The shaper holds the single point
cutting tool in ram and workpiece is fixed in the table.
ANGULAR MILLING MACHINE:
Milling machine is one of the important machine tools in a workshop.The process
of milling flat surfaces that are at an angle to the axis of the milling-machine
spindle.Angular milling, or angle milling, is milling flat surfaces which are neither
parallel nor perpendicular to the axis of the milling cutter.
CNC SPRING MACHINE:
Machine used to produce springs, spring washers, and collar springsfrom wire
and rods. The major units of a spring-coiling machineinclude the drive, which is
usually electric, the straightening and coilingunits and the pitch and cutting
mechanisms. The number of coils of spring and length depends upon the program
installed in machines.
BEARING FITTING MACHINE:
Bearing fitting machine is used to fit the heavy bearings in heavy machines. The
fitting of heavy bearings is not possible manually that’s why we use bearing fitting
machine at temperature of 100 ֯ ֯ ֯ ֩º-150ºC
HYDRAULIC MOTOR & VALVES:
Hydraulic motors transform the energy of the fluid into rotary mechanical power
which is applied to a load via a shaft. Control valves regulate the flow and pressure
of fluid in a hydraulic system. Valves regulate force, direction and speed of
actuator in a machine.
 CONTROL VALVE
 DIRECTIONAL VALVE
 FLOW CONTROL VALVE

PLC:
A programmable logic controller (PLC) or programmable controller is an
industrial digital computer which has been ruggedized and adapted for the control
of manufacturing processes, such as assembly lines robotic devices, or any activity
that requires high reliability control and ease of programming and process fault
diagnosis.
TIMERS AND COUNTERS:
The main function of a timer is to keep an output on for a specific length of time. A
good example of this is a garage light, where you want power to be cut off after 2
minutes so as to give someone time to go into the house. The three different types
of timers that are commonly used are a Delay-OFF, a Delay-ON, and a Delay-ON-
Retentive.
BEARINGS:
A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only the desired
motion, and reduces friction between moving parts.
TYPES OF BEARINGS:
Bearings are classified broadly according to the type of operation, the motions
allowed, or to the directions of the loads (forces) applied to the parts. There are at
least 6 common types of bearing, each of which operates on different principles:

 Plain bearing, consisting of a shaft rotating in a hole.


 Rolling-element bearing, in which rolling elements placed between the turning
and stationary races prevent sliding friction. There are two main types:

 Ball bearing
 Roller bearing

 Jewel bearing,a plain bearing in which one of the bearing surfaces is made of
an ultrahard glassy jewel material such as sapphire to reduce friction and wear;
 Fluid bearing, a noncontact bearing in which the load is supported by a gas or
liquid.

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