COMMUNICATION -the way it has been structured or arranged.

-two way process of reaching mutual understanding. -affects the effectiveness of the message.

-a process by which information is exchanged. CODE

-the act of transferring information from one place to -the form in which the message is sent.
another.
-in form of language and video.
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION:
HEARING
SENDER
-we receive the message through hearing.
-encoder of the message.
SEEING
-it is his/her job to conceptualize.
-we perceive through seeing.
MEDIUM
TOUCHING
-how the message is delivered.
-like holding hands.
CHANNEL
SMELLING
-responsible for carrying the message.
-collect information by smelling.
FEEDBACK
VERBAL COMMUNICATION
-response of the receiver to the sender.
-both written and spoken.
RECEIVER
ORAL COMMUNICATION-spoken
-to interpret/receive the message/decoder.
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION-handwriting/written.
CONTEXT

-message itself where the message takes place.

SYMBOLS
NOISE- barrier to a communication.
-are arbitrary representation of
INTERNAL thoughts,ideas,emotions,objectsor actions.

-the inside noise. ARBITRARY

EXTERNAL -they have no direct relationship to the object.

-outside noise in our surrounding. AMBIGUOUS

ELEMENTS -have several possible meaning.

-non verbal things that tags along gestures,sign and ABSTRACT

language.
-words are not material or physical.
TREATMENT
PHONOLOGY
-which the message is conveyed to the receiver.
-study of speech and sounds.
-effects the feedback of the receiver.
SEMANTICS
STRUCTURE
-meaning of the word. -one way communication.

DENOTATIVE MEANING Sender/ Reiceiver/

Message listener
speaker
-dictionary .

CONOTATIVE MEANING ARISTOTLE’S MODEL

-comes from your own. -speaker is the one who takes complete charge in the
communication.
SYNTACTICS

-study of language structure and symbolic arrangement. SENDER RECEIVER

MESSAGE
-how symbol or language are formed.

PRAGMATICS
LASSWELL’S MODEL
-how we use words.
-verbal exchanges consist of several parts of sender.
-how we communicate.
WHO WHAT CHAN WHO-
NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION
-NEL M
-occurs without using oral or word.
CLAUDE SHANNON AND WARREN WEAVER MODEL
-non verbal cues.
-information theory
THREE ELEMENTS:
-his study exploaded.
APPEARANCE
SCHRAMM’S MODEL
-clothing hairstyles
-coding and deocoding are the two essential processes.
BODY LANGUAGE
-source-encoder-signal-decoder-destination.
-facial expressions.
BERLO’S S-M-C-R MODEL
SOUNDS
-importance of psychological view in his communication
-voice tone,volume and speech rate. model.
FORMAL COMMUNICATION SOURCE
-occurs in formal and official style. -the one who originate the message.

TRANSACTIONAL COMMUNICATION MODEL

-this model depicts face to face interaction.

MODEL OF COMMUNICATION INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION MODEL
-process which helps in understanding how -deals with exchange of ideas and messages taking
communication by breaking communication. place both ways from sender to receiver and vice-
versa.
LINEAR COMMUNICATION MODEL

-there is not immediate feedback.

COMMUNICATION SKILLS
-skills to speak, read and write. LACK OF PREPARATION

ATTITUDE -depending on the situation.

-the person’s attitude towards self the receiver and the -checking the accuracy of facts and details and verifying.
environment.
NEGATIVE PERCEPTION OF SELF AND OTHER
KNOWLEDGE EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS

-makes the communitor sends the message effectively. -stage fright of communication.

SOCIAL SYSTEM APPREHENSION

-values, beliefs,laws,rules and many other social factors. -a speaker who lacks self confidence.

A. VISUAL/SIGHT PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIERS

-eye movement and eye contact. -may result from the receiver’s physical state.

B. AUDITORY PHYSICAL BARRIERS

-silence. -geographic distance from the sender and receiver.

C. PARALANGUAGE SYSTEMATIC BARRIERS

-intonation, pitch and intensity. -where there inefficient and inappropriate information
systems.
D. TACTILE/HAPTIC
ATTITUDINAL BARRIER
-communication through touch.
-behaviour or perceptions that prevent people from
E. OLFACTORY communicating effectively.
-through smell. RICH MAGGIANI’S TEN TENETS OF EFFECTIVE
F. GUSTATORY COMMUNICATION

-communication through taste. HONEST-the message must be true.

CLARITY-the clearness of the message.

ACCURATE-get your facts straight.

BARRIER COMPREHENSIVE-your message must be

understandable by your receiver.
-something materials that blocks or is intended to block
passage. ACCESSIBLE-help your receiver easily access what you
say in your writing.
LANGUAGE BARRIERS
CONCISE-briefness of the message.
-language and linguistics ability may act as a barrier to
communication. CORRECT-follow the basic rules.

TIMELY-the reader must able to understand and act as

quicly as possible on your information.
PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIER
WELL DESIGNED-organization and structure.
-will influence how the message is sent and received.
BUILD GOODWILL-build connection.
GAMBLE & GAMBLE’S -maintaining control over other people’s attitude and
behaviour.

SOCIAL INTERACTION
ONE CANNOT NOT COMMUNICATE
-communication helps us to starts,maintain,regulate or
-everyone has an ability to communication.
even and relationship with other people.

CONTENT AND RELATION PROBLEM IN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY/SKILLS

-subject or message itself.
 Being able to label something (“naming”)
PUNCTUATED  Understanding grammar and speaking with proper
grammar.
-Communication has an expression.  Understanding meaning in language (“semantic
ability”)
Verbal and non verbal cues.  Understanding how context contributes to meaning
in language (“pragmatics”)
SYMMETRICAL AND COMPLIMENTARY  Social communication (i.e. having a conversation and
understanding non-verbal cues).
-unequal power of communication.  Word comprehension

FUNCTION OF COMMUNICATION

INFORMATIVE FUNCTION

-informing people of what know facts , information and

knowledge.

INSTRUCTIVE FUNCTION

-instructing people on what to do.

deals with exchange of ideas and messages taking

place both ways from sender to receiver and vice-
versa.

PERSUASIVE FUNCTION

-influencing the opinion of others to believe and accept

your stand.

MOTIVATION FUNCTION

-entice and direct people to act and reach their

adjectives.

AESTHETIC FUNCTION

-used communication for pleasure and enjoyment.

THERAPEUTIC FUNCTION/EMOTIONAL FUNCTION

-talking to someone to express your emotions.

REGULATION/CONTROL