Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.1 If the current in an electric conductor is 2.4 A, how many coulombs of charge pass any point in a 30-second interval?

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.1

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.2 Determine the time interval required for a 12-A battery charger to deliver 4800 C.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.2

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.3 A lightning bolt carrying 30,000 A lasts for 50 micro-seconds. If the lightning strikes an airplane flying at 20,000
feet, what is the charge deposited on the plane?

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.3

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.4 If a 12-V battery delivers 100 J in 5 s, find (a) the amount of charge delivered and (b) the current produced.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.4

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.5 The current in a conductor is 1.5 A. How many coulombs of charge pass any point in a time interval of 1.5 minutes?

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.5

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.6 If 60 C of charge pass through an electric conductor in 30 seconds, determine the current in the conductor.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.6

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.7 Determine the number of coulombs of charge produced by a 12-A battery charger in an hour.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.7

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.8 Five coulombs of charge pass through the element in Fig. P1.8 from point A to point B. If the energy absorbed by
the element is 120 J, determine the voltage across the element.

V1

Ȃ
A

Figure P1.8

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.8

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.9 The current that enters an element is shown in Fig. P1.9. Find the charge that enters the element in the time
interval 0 < t < 20 s.

i(t) mA

10

0 10 20 t (s)

Figure P1.9

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.9

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.10 The charge entering the positive terminal of an element is q(t) = −30e−4t mC. If the voltage across the element
is 120e−2t V, determine the energy delivered to the element in the time interval 0 < t < 50 ms.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.10

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.11 The charge entering the positive terminal of an element is given by the expression q(t) = −12e−2t mC. The
power delivered to the element is p(t) = 2.4e−3t W. Compute the current in the element, the voltage across the
element, and the energy delivered to the element in the time interval 0 < t < 100 ms.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.11

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.12 The voltage across an element is 12e−2t V. The current entering the positive terminal of the element is 2e−2t A.
Find the energy absorbed by the element in 1.5 s starting from t = 0.

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.12

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.13 The power absorbed by the BOX in Fig. P1.13 is 2e−2t W. Calculate the amount of charge that enters the BOX
between 0.1 and 0.4 seconds.

4eȂt V BOX
Ȃ

Figure P1.13

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.13

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.14 The power absorbed by the BOX in Fig. P1.14 is 0.1e−4t W. Calculate the energy absorbed by the BOX during
this same time interval.

10eȂ2t V BOX
Ȃ

Figure P1.14

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.14

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.15 The energy absorbed by the BOX in Fig. P1.15 is shown below. How much charge enters the BOX between
0 and 10 milliseconds?

i (t) w(t) (mJ)

15
15 V BOX
Ȃ
10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 t (ms)

Ȃ5

Ȃ10

Ȃ15

Figure P1.15

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.15

2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E

Problem 1.15 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.16 The charge that enters the BOX in Fig. P1.16 is shown in the graph below. Calculate and sketch
the current flowing into and the power absorbed by the BOX between 0 and 10 milliseconds.

i (t)
q(t) (mC)

3
12 V BOX
Ȃ
2

1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 t (ms)

Ȃ1

Ȃ2

Ȃ3

Figure P1.16

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.16

2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E

Problem 1.16 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 3

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.16

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.17 The energy absorbed by the BOX in Fig. P1.17 is given below. Calculate and sketch the current flowing into
the BOX. Also calculate the charge which enters the BOX between 0 and 12 seconds.

i (t) w(t) (J)

10 V BOX 5
Ȃ

6 7 8 10 12

1 2 3 4 5 9 11 t (s)

Ȃ2.5

Figure P1.17

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.17

2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E

Problem 1.17 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.18 The charge entering the upper terminal of the BOX in Fig. P1.18 is shown below. How much energy is absorbed
by the BOX between 0 and 9 seconds?

i (t) q(t) (C)

12 V BOX
Ȃ
0.5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t (s)

Ȃ0.5

Ȃ1

Ȃ1.5

Figure P1.18

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.18

2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E

Problem 1.18 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.19 The energy absorbed by the BOX in Fig. P1.19 is shown in the graph below. Calculate and sketch the current
flowing into the BOX between 0 and 10 milliseconds.

i (t) w(t) (mJ)

30

12 V BOX
Ȃ 20

10

5 6 7

1 2 3 4 8 9 10 t (ms)

Ȃ10

Ȃ20

Ȃ30

Figure P1.19

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.19

2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E

Problem 1.19 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.20 Determine the amount of power absorbed or supplied by the element in Fig. P1.20 if
(a) V1 = 9 V and I = 2A
(b) V1 = 9 V and I = −3A
(c) V1 = −12 V and I = 2A
(d) V1 = −12 V and I = −3A

V1

Figure P1.20

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.20

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.21 Calculate the power absorbed by element A in Fig. P1.21.

3A

Ȃ
15 V A

Figure P1.21

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.21

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.22 Calculate the power supplied by element A in Fig. P1.22.

2A

20 V A
Ȃ

Figure P1.22

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.22

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.23 Element A in the diagram in Fig. P1.23 absorbs 30 W of power. Calculate Vx.

2A

Vx A
Ȃ

Figure P1.23

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.23

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.24 Element B in the diagram in Fig. P1.24 supplies 60 W of power. Calculate Ix.

Ȃ
24 V B

Ix

Figure P1.24

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.24

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.25 Element B in the diagram in Fig. P1.25 supplies 72 W of power. Calculate VA.

3A

VA B


Figure P1.25

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.25

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.26 Element B in the diagram in Fig. P1.26 supplies 72 W of power. Calculate I x.

18 V B
Ȃ

Ix

Figure P1.26

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.26

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.27 (a) In Fig. P1.27 (a), P1 = 36 W. Is element 2 absorbing or supplying power, and how much?
(b) In Fig. P1.27 (b), P2 = −48 W. Is element 1 absorbing or supplying power, and how much?

Ȃ
1 12 V 1 6V
Ȃ

2 6V 2 24 V
Ȃ Ȃ

(a) (b)

Figure P1.27

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.27

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.28 Two elements are connected in series, as shown in Fig. P1.28. Element 1 supplies 24 W of power. Is element 2
absorbing or supplying power, and how much?

1 3V
Ȃ
Ȃ
2 6V

Figure P1.28

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.28

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.29 Element 2 in Fig. P1.29 absorbed 32 W. Find the power absorbed or supplied by elements 1 and 3.

Ȃ
1 4V

2 8V
Ȃ

3 12 V
Ȃ

Figure P1.29

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.29

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.30 Choose Is such that the power absorbed by element 2 in Fig. P1.30 is 7 W.
4V
Ȃ
1

6V Is 2 2V
Ȃ Ȃ

Figure P1.30

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.30

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.31 Find the power that is absorbed or supplied by the circuit elements in Fig. P1.31.

6V
Ȃ 2A
1

20 V 2A 14 V
Ȃ
Ȃ
2A

(a)

8V
Ix 4A Ȃ
1

16 V 4A 2Ix
Ȃ
Ȃ
4A

(b)

Figure P1.31

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.31

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.32 Find the power that is absorbed or supplied by the network elements in Fig. P1.32.

8V
Ix 2A Ȃ2A
1

12 V 2Ix
Ȃ Ȃ
2A

(a)

24 V 20 V
Ȃ
Ȃ 1
2A Ix 2A
2A

4Ix 2 12 V
Ȃ
Ȃ
2A

(b)

Figure P1.32

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.32

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.33 Compute the power that is absorbed or supplied by the elements in the network in Fig. P1.33.

12 V 1Ix
Ix 4A Ȃ
2A
1 Ȃ
2A

36 V 2 24 V 3 28 V
Ȃ
Ȃ Ȃ

Figure P1.33

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.33

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.34 Find the power that is absorbed or supplied by element 2 in Fig. P1.34.

4V 2Vx
2A Ȃ
1 Ȃ

12 V 2 Vx
Ȃ
Ȃ
2A

Figure P1.34

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.34

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.35 Find Ix in the network in Fig. P1.35.

1Ix
Ix 12 V
Ȃ
1 Ȃ
2A 2A

36 V 2 24 V 3 28 V
Ȃ
Ȃ Ȃ

Figure P1.35

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.35

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.36 Determine the power absorbed by element 1 in Fig. P1.36.

12 V 8V
Ix Ȃ Ȃ
1 2
2A

36 V 24 V 2Ix 3 16 V
Ȃ Ȃ Ȃ

Figure P1.36

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.36

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.37 Find the power absorbed or supplied by element 1 in Fig. P1.37.

6V 4V
Ȃ Ȃ
1 2
Ix 2A

18 V 24 V 2Ix 20 V
Ȃ Ȃ
Ȃ
Ix

Figure P1.37

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.37

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.38 Find the power absorbed or supplied by element 3 in Fig. P1.38.

4V 12 V
Ȃ
1 Ȃ
4A

2A
2 16 V
Ȃ

12 V 2Vx 4 20 V
Ȃ Ȃ
Ȃ

3 Vx
2A 2A
Ȃ
2A

Figure P1.38

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.38

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.39 Find the power absorbed or supplied by element 1 in Fig. P1.39.

4V 12 V
Ȃ
1 Ȃ
4A

4Ix 12 V 2 8V 3 20 V 4 20 V
Ȃ Ȃ Ȃ Ȃ
4A 2A Ix

Figure P1.39

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.39

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.40 Find Vx in the network in Fig. P1.40 using Tellegen’s theorem.

16 V
2A Ȃ
1 Ȃ 2 3
Ȃ
12 V 24 V Vx Ȃ
9V Ȃ Ȃ 12 V

Figure P1.40

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.40

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.41 Find Ix in the circuit in Fig. P1.41 using Tellegen’s theorem.

4V 8V 18 V 12 V
2A Ȃ Ȃ Ȃ Ȃ
2A Ix Ix

24 V 12 V 2A 6V
Ȃ
Ȃ Ȃ

Figure P1.41

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.41

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.42 Is the source Vs in the network in Fig. P1.42 absorbing or supplying power, and how much?
6V VS
Ȃ
Ȃ
3A 9A 6A
Ȃ Ȃ Ȃ
10 V 9A 16 V 8V

3A

Figure P1.42

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.42

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.43 Find Io in the network in Fig. P1.43 using Tellegen’s theorem.

8V
6A Ȃ
1
4A

24 V 2 10 V Ix 2 A
Ȃ
Ȃ
6V
Ȃ
3 4 16 V
Io Ȃ

4Ix 5 6V
Ȃ
Ȃ
3A 8V
Ȃ 1A
6
3A
Figure P1.43

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.43

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.44 Calculate the power absorbed by each element in the circuit in Fig. P1.44. Also, verify that Tellegen’s theorem is
satisfied by this circuit.
3Ix 24 V
Ȃ
Ȃ 5
2A

2A
12 V 6V 9V
Ȃ Ȃ Ȃ
1 2 4
2A 4A
4A

24 V 12 V 6A 6V 3 15 V
Ȃ Ȃ
Ȃ Ȃ
4A Ix 2A

Figure P1.44

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.44

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.45 Calculate the power absorbed by each element in the circuit in Fig. P1.45. Also, verify that Tellegen’s theorem is
satisfied by this circuit.

10 V
4A Ȃ
3

5V 5V
Ȃ Ȃ
2 4
1A 3A

40 V 15 V
Ȃ Ȃ
5A 30 V 4A 1A
Ȃ
Ȃ
5V 1 10 V 5
Ȃ

Figure P1.45

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.45

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1

1.46 In the circuit in Fig. P1.46, element 1 absorbs 40 W, element 2 supplies 50 W, element 3 supplies 25 W, and
element 4 absorbs 15 W. How much power is supplied by element 5?

1 2

3 4 5

Figure P1.46

SOLUTION:

Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.46