WELCOME

MEPF ENGINEERS
 Objective of the topic
• To develop professional
competitiveness among engineers
and technicians

• To learn the safety procedures in

troubleshooting

• To learn proper assessment and

corrective actions in
troubleshooting.
 About the Speaker
• Engr. Ariel Catignas
• REE 005066
• Project Engr./Mngr. Industrial
Installation and Preventive
maintenance 88-92
• Industrial Automation Engr. 92-
95
• Principal Engr. Geothermal
Power Plant 95-2003
• Senior Design Engr.2003-12
• Project Mgt. Design,Energy,
Safety Audit, Lecturer
ISO50001, Safety, Robotics,
Practical Engg Courses.
Product Development and
Commercialization 2012-
Present
 MEPF TROUBLESHOOTING OF
COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
Contents:

• 1. Troubleshooting Safety Procedures

• 2. How to Diagnose , Analyze and build a Conclusion
• 3. How to use measuring Instruments
• 4. How to Troubleshoot problems in Ventilation and Air-conditioning
System
• 5. How to Troubleshoot problems in Lighting System
• 6. How to troubleshoot problems in Power System
• 7. How to troubleshoot problems in Plumbing and Sanitary System
• 8. How to Trouble shoot problems in Fire protection System
• 9. Questions for discussion
•

• Schedule of Seminar
• August 24- Wednesday
• August 31- Wednesday
• September 7 - Wednesday
• September 14- Wednesday
 1. Troubleshooting Safety Procedures

Check the presence of the following in the jobsite.

1. Electricity
2. Toxic Chemical
3. Flammable and Explosive chemical and
materials
4. Methane,H2S
5. Radioactive materials
6. Excessive electromagnetic radiation
 1. Troubleshooting Safety Procedures

7. Secure the latest s built plan

8. Coordinate with authorize technical personnel
9. Secure work permits
10. There should be a well trained Safety personnel in
the team
11. All team member must attend safety seminar first.
Types of hazards
Types of hazards
Types of hazards
Types of hazards
Types of hazards
Types of hazard
Personnel Protection Equipment
Personnel Protection Equipment
Personnel Protection Equipment
Personnel Protection Equipment
Personnel Protection Equipment
Personnel Protection Equipment
Personnel Protection Equipment
Personnel Protection Equipment
Personnel Protection Equipment
Personnel Protection Equipment
Personnel Protection Equipment
Safety Barrier
Safety barrier
Safety barrier
Medical Kit
Do not be a victim
Do not be a victim
Do not be a victim
Do not be a victim
Worse case
 2. How to Diagnose , Analyse and build a Conclusion
1. Data gathering by
2. Conduct site interview and visual inspection
3. Discuss the problem with authorize technical personnel
using the latest as built electrical plan.
4. If not familiar with the subject system or equipment,
consult a Senior Engr. Specialized in the subject field of
expertise .
5. Conduct measurement and detailed visual inspection.
6. Tabulate the data and finding and make a conclusion
7. Discuss the safety procedure in conducting corrective
actions.
Ventilation and Air-conditioning
(VAC) Instrument
 3. How to use measuring Instruments

• Annemometer
• Measures Air Velocity
 3. How to use measuring Instruments

• Combination
Annemometer ,
thermometer and
hygrometer or humidity
meter – measures air
velocity, temperature
and humidity
 3. How to use measuring Instruments

• Flow meter- measures

flow rate of liquid inside
the pipe using
ultrasonic waves.
 3. How to use measuring Instruments

• Temperature data
transmitter- transmits
temperature change to
data logger per unit of
time
 3. How to use measuring Instruments

• Temperature logger
monitor – records all
the data transmitted by
temperature sensor
data transmitter unit
 3. How to use measuring Instruments

• Thermal
scanner-
measures and
capture IR
images of VAC
system
 3. How to use measuring Instruments

• Power analyser-
measures electrical
parameters of the
Ventilation and Air
conditioning system
Power source such as
volts, amps, kilowatts
,power factor and total
harmonics distortion
 3. How to use measuring Instruments
• Air quality analyser-
• Measures particles and
gas compound of
indoor air.
• Point the sensor in the air-conditioning air
outlet
 4. How to Troubleshoot problems in Ventilation and
Air-conditioning System

• Unbalance airflow in the outlets

• Air temperature inside the room not
comfortable
• Air smells foul
• Dust particle coming out of air outlet
• Excessive Vibration heard in the air-outlet
• Air handling unit failed to run
• Compressor failed to run
• Over heating compressors
• Over heating motors
 Unbalance airflow in the outlets

Possible cause
1. Partially open damper and
fully open to other area.

Remedy
1. Measure the air velocity in
every outlet and regulate the
dampers to balance the flow
rate in all outlet.
 Air temperature inside the room not comfortable

Possible cause
1. Partially open damper
and fully open to other
area.

Remedy
1. Measure the air velocity
in every outlet and regulate
the dampers to balance the
flow rate in all outlet.
 foul odour
Possible cause
1. Air inlet near plumbing vent or
toilet exhaust
2. Dirty and humid AHU filters
3. Dead mouse or lizard inside the
air ducting.
Remedy
1. Divert plumbing vent and toilet
exhaust
2. Replace AHU filter
3. Remove dead animal inside the
ducting
 Dust particle coming out of air outlet

Possible cause
1. Dirty AHU filter
2. Corroded air ducting
3. Broken air ducting and
pulverized fiber glass
Remedy
1. Replace filter
2. Replace corroded ducting
3. Replace broken ducting
Excessive Vibration heard in the air-outlet
Possible cause
1. Inadequate ducting support
2. Loose ducting screw connection
3. Worn-out AHU fun motor bearing
4. Inadequate use of VFD
Remedy
1. Add ducting support
2. Tighten screws
3. Replace worn-out bearing
4. Repalce motor compatible with
VFD.
 Air handling unit failed to run

Possible cause
1. Loose power supply connection
2. Broken power supply cable
3. Broken fan belt
4. Defective motor
5. Stuck-up motor bearing
6. Defective motor starter
Remedy
1. Tighten power supply connections
2. Replace broken power cable
3. Replace fan belt
4. Replace defective motor
5. Replace defective starter
Air cooled Chiller
 Motor over heating
Possible cause
1. Worn out motor bearing
2. Worn-out load bearing
3. Motor over load
4. Defective motor exhaust fan
5. Mechanical room not well ventilated
6. Tight fan belt

Remedy
1. Replace worn out bearing
2. Replace worn out load bearing
3. Reduce motor load
4. Replace motor exhaust fan
5. Ventilate adequately the mechanical room
6. Loosen fan belt adequately
 Compressor over heating

Possible cause
1. Worn-out bearing
2. Over loaded
3. Defective shafting
Remedy
1.Replace worn-out bearing
2. Reduce compressor load
3. Replace the compressor
 Motor failed to run
Possible cause
1. Defective magnetic starter
2. Worn-out bearing
3. Lose connection in load side or line side of
breaker
4. Tripping or fuse blow out of motor control circuit

Remedy
1. Replace defective starter
2. Replace defective bearing
3. Tighten connections
4. Motor winding or feeder cable motor short circuit
 Cooling tower motor reverse rotation

Possible cause
1. Reverse phase sequence

Remedy
1. Reverse two phase of motor
feeder cable
 5. How to Troubleshoot problems in
Lighting System
• Flickering lights
• Lights unable to illuminate
• Dim lights
• Frequent busted lamps
• Some lights in the array not illuminating
• Frequent tripping of branch circuit breaker
• Switch over heating
• Lamp base over heating
 Flickering of lights

Possible cause Remedy

1. Arching inside the 1. Cleaning of outlet
outlet due to or dirt 2. Put rubber and
formation electrical tape to
2. Arching between damage wire insulator
conductors due to 3. Replace switch
cracked wire insulator
3. Defective light switch
 Dim lights

Possible cause Remedy

1. Lamp nearly to be 1. Replace new lamp
busted. 2. Trace the grounded
2. Low voltage due to wire , insulate or
grounded wire replace grounded wire
 Frequent busted lamps

Possible cause Remedy

1. Excessive vibration in 1. Replace lamp with LED
lamp holder due to
exhaust fan installed
near the lamp
2. Replace lamp with
2. Over voltage higher voltage
tolerance
3. Sub standard lamps 3. Use high quality lamp
 Some lights in the array not
illuminating
Possible cause Remedy
1. Loose connection in 1. Trace and tighten
control termination connections
2. Defective switch 2. Replace switch
3. Broken control wiring 3. Re connect broken
4. Loose feeder wire wiring
connection 4. Tighten connection
5. Loose connection load 5. Tighten loose
side or line side of connection
breaker 6. Replace defective
6. Defective breaker or breaker and fuse
open fuse
 Frequent tripping of branch circuit
breaker
Possible cause Remedy
1. Arching at the load 1. Trace , insulate or
side wire of breaker replace defective wire
due to broken 2. Clean dirt or replace
insulators outlets
2. Short circuit in power 3. Repair defective
or light outlet due to appliances
dirt formation
3. Short circuit in
appliance wiring
Lighting control
 Switch over heating

Possible cause Remedy

1. Under rated 1. Replace switch with
2. Over loaded switch proper rating
3. Formation of dirt 2. Replace switch with
4. Defective swictch proper rating
3. Replace defective
switch
Lighting layout
Lighting control
 6. How to troubleshoot problems in Power System

• Frequent Tripping of Main Distribution Breaker

• Frequent Tripping of Sub Distribution Breaker
• Over heating of breakers
• Over heating of cables
• Hot spot in the Transformer/MCC / MDP
terminals
• Excessive humming sound of power transformer
• Over heating of transformer casing
• Electric shock when touching electrical
equipment and appliances
 Frequent Tripping of Main Distribution Breaker

Possible cause
1. Lower time delay setting
than Branch circuit breaker
2. Over loading
3. Unbalance load
4. Dirt formation in the
busbars
 Frequent Tripping of Sub Distribution Breaker

Possible cause
1. Arching due to broken
insulators of feeder cable
2. Formation of dirt at the load
side busbars
3. Short circuit in the load wiring
 Over heating of breakers
• Possible cause
 Over heating of breakers

Possible cause
1. Over loaded
2. Loose connection in the
terminals
3. Panel not well ventilated
 Hot spot in the motor controller

Possible cause
1. Loose connection in the
terminals
2. Panel not well ventilated
3. Formation of dirt in the
terminals
4. Under rated
Excessive humming sound of power transformer

Possible cause
1. Loose transformer winding
2. Over loaded
3. Low dielectric resistance of
transformer oil
4. Un leveled installation
 Overheating transformer connection

Possible cause
1. Loose terminal
connections
2. Dirt formation in the
terminal connections
 Over heating of transformer casing
Possible cause
1. Ventilating fan failed
to operate properly
due to defective
temperature sensor
and worn-out motor
fan bearing or
defective motor
control and winding
2. Overloaded
 Over heating bus duct casing

Possible cause
1. Over loaded
2. Metal Casing not
properly grounded
Hot spot in the terminal of circuit recloser

Possible cause
1. Loose connection in
the terminals
2. Formation of dirt in
the terminals
Switching Pole connector over heating
Possible cause
1. Loose connection in the
terminals
2.Formation of dirt in the
terminals
Electric generator Failed to operate
Possible cause
1. No fuel
2. Week battery
3. Corroded battery
terminal
4. Defective control switch
5. Defective alternator
6. Dirty air filer
7. Dirty oil filter
8. Defective transfer switch
 7. How to troubleshoot problems in Plumbing and
Sanitary System

• Hammering of pipeline
• Foul air in the toilets
• Low or no flow in some faucets
• Water in the lavatory and toilet bowl failed to
flash out
• Water leaks in the walls
 Hammering of pipeline
• Possible cause • Remedy
1. Presence of pressurised 1. Bleed the air out of the
trapped air inside the system
piping system
 Foul air in the toilets
• Possible cause • Remedy
1. No water seal or p- 1. Install p-trap or put
trap in the lavatory, water in the water
and floor drain dried up p-trap
2. Plumbing vent near 2. Relocate vent pipe
the window of toilet or outlet to proper
located inside the location.
toilet ceiling
 Low or no flow in some faucets

• Possible cause • Remedy

1. Under ground leaks 1. Trace and repair leaks
2. Corroded pipes 2. Replace pipes
3. Defective faucets 3. Replace faucets
4. Regulated main valve 4. Fully open main valve
5. Low flow and pressure 5. Install overhead tank
of water supply from
utility company
Water in the lavatory and toilet bowl
failed to flash out
• Possible cause • Remedy
1. Clogged air vent 1. Remove clogged
2. Clogged pipes 2. Remove clogged
 Water leaks in the walls
• Possible cause • Remedy
1. leaking pipes 1. Repair Leaks
2. Leaking down spout 2. Repair down spout
8. How to Trouble shoot problems in
Fire Detection and Alarm System

• Annunciator failed to operate

• False alarming
• No power in the annunciator
 Annunciator failed to operate

• Possible cause
1. loose power supply
connection
2. Defective unit
• Remedy
1. Tighten the
Termination in control
panel or in unit
2. Replace the defective
unit
 False alarming

• Possible Cause
1. Moisture build up in
smoke or heat detector

• Remedy
1. Remove moisture by
blowing hot air to the
sensor
 No power in the annunciator

• Possible cause
1. Loose power supply
connection
2. Blown up power
supply fuse or breaker
Remedy
1. Tighten loose
connection
2. Replace fuse / reset
breaker
 9. How to troubleshoot problems in
fire Suppression System
• No power in control panel
• Pressure drop in the pipeline
• Low flow rate
• Jockey pump failed to operate
• Pressure gauge low pressure
9. Questions for discussion
 Series of Trainings
1.Power plant operations 1. See FB electromekatronics
2. How to design and build Robots events Fridays 2-6pm
2. See FB electromekatronics
3. Product development, events Every Friday 6-9pm
commercialization and Marketing 3. See FB electromekatronics
4. Industrial Process Automation events Fridays 2-6pm
5. Automated Security System 4. See FB electromekatronics
6. MEPF Testing and events Fridays 2-6pm
Commissioning 5. See FB electromekatronics
events Fridays 2-6pm
7. MEPF Trouble Shooting
6. See FB MEPF Enginneers
8. Energy Management lead events
Implemeter 7. See FB MEPF Engineers
9. Energy Management lead events
Auditor 8. See FB electromekatronics
10. Energy management Lead events Fridays 2-6pm
Planner 9. See FB electromekatronics
events Fridays 2-6pm See FB
10. See FB electromekatronics
events Fridays 2-6pm See FB
 For more information
• Engr Ariel Catignas
• Globe-09274458316
• Smart-09497929458
• Pldt-8898568
• [email protected]
• Facebook-Electromechatronics
engineers
• Facebook-electromekatronics
• Skype-ariel.catignas3000
Salamat sa inyong pagdalo