MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

The world today where we live belongs to the millennium computer age. So advanced, very complex

and our lives had been capable of dealing with the advancement of technologies. Nowadays, students

are truly obsessed in using different gadgets such as cellular phones, laptops, computers, ipods, and

tablets just to satisfy their desires in terms of entertainment and getting the newest model of the new.

As time passes by, students are capable to use up more time in using gadgets rather than scanning on

their notes or reviewing their lessons. These gadgets have a big impact in destroying and affecting the

study habits and academic performance of a student. In this present generation, gadgets serve as

everyone’s basic need and as what they are saying “We can’t live without gadgets.” We see these

gadgets considered as our everyday needs and have been part of our lifestyle. It has become a way of

life.

Gadgets may help students a lot by doing their activities, assignments or homeworks and projects more

productive and progressive and that gadgets could also be the reason to a downfall of a student. First

he/she could not be able to focus on her/his lessons that result in getting a low or very low score. And

third, he/she may get a red mark on his/her card. Using gadgets will not only affect the academic

performances of students inside their classroom but it will also affect them in many different

ways/aspects. The student starts becoming so stupid, addict, stubborn, drowsy, careless and

dependable.

Without the presence of gadgets, as we look back on the old age, there are more students that can focus

or taking their studies more seriously than today’s modern age. Students in the old times are not

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depen

ding on internet but they are confidently doing their reports and school stuffs alone by believing in the

ability of their

mind to do it. They are able to get high scores, doing great school works and had been honoured. Due

to the upgrades of these gadgets every year, students most likely focus on what entertains them, what

makes them happy than on what can be more helpful to them to gain more knowledge, that they should

know might bring them to the top. Students are usually addicted to social media most particularly

Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and many other social networks. These gadgets can be of help for the

development but can also be a distraction to a student’s academic performance.

The main objective of this study is to determine what are the effects of gadgets on the academic

performance of students in Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines at Alimannao Hills Peñablanca,

Cagayan for the school year 2018- 2019. It will look into the usage of gadgets in learning which are

cellular phones, computers, tablets and etc. and the impact of gadgets in academic performance as will

be perceived by the students. Furthermore, it determines the significant relationship between the use

and the impact of gadgets. Gadgets is an integral part of most students’ lives, so, it is important to know

and understand the impact it will have on the study habit of the students.

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Generally, this research paper attempts to determine the effects of electronic gadgets on the

academic performance of Radiologic Technology students.

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1.) What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

1.3 Gadgets owned

2.) Do Radiologic Technology students consider getting low grades as one of the effects of using

electronic gadgets?

3.) Do Radiologic Technology students consider tardiness in going to school as one of the effects

of using electronic gadgets?

4.) Do Radiologic Technology students see problems in mental and emotional health as one of the

effects of using electronic gadgets?

5.) Do Radiologic Technology students find electronic gadgets as a big help in developing

cognitive skills?

6.) Do Radiologic Technology students consider electronic gadgets as a good medium in doing

tasks easier and faster?

7.) Is there a significant effect between electronic gadgets and Radiologic Technology students’

academic performance?

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

There is no significant effect between the use of electronic gadgets and Radiologic Technology

students’ academic performance.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This study is anchored on the Distributed Cognition Theory. In Distributed Cognition Theory,

the student is afforded more power. In other words it is a student-centered approach to learning where

the learners participate in a systematically designed learning environment that supports interaction

amongst its participants (Bell & Winn, 2000). This theory promotes learning in a community of

learners or a system where interaction takes place. It is through this interaction where cognition occurs.

Distributed Cognition requires sharing of cognitive activity among the parts and participants of this

system, which can be other people or tools such as devices, technologies or media. These participants

distribute their cognition among other learners and physical or digital tools by externally representing

their knowledge. At times, by using these tools, a little bit of the information might stick with the user,

this is known as cognitive residue. It is through interaction with other members and tools that

progresses learning. Therefore communication among all participants is paramount in importance (Bell

& Winn, 2000).

The role of technology within this theory is an invaluable part of the system in which the learners are

interacting. This interaction can either help to distribute their knowledge, off-load certain amounts of

cognitive work making the cognitive load less and or help to scaffold new capabilities (Bell & Winn,

2000). For example, using camera to take a photo allows more time to learn instead of writing it on a

notebook. Also, in this theory, technology (gadgets) can be used to help extend human capabilities. For

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY
examp

le, calculator can be used to solve math problem quickly instead of solving it manually. These gadgets

help students to make their learning

more efficient. Another example of this is taken from a case study that was conducted using robotics to

produce solving problem skills. In this case study, students were placed into small collaborative groups

and were asked to construct a robot, using Lego Mindstorm for schools kits, which would perform

various tasks. The groups were introduced to a tool known as a flowchart. They used these flowcharts

to map the programming instructions they would give the robot to complete the given task. This

allowed them to off-load some of the cognitive work to the flowchart and then through its use, they

were able to solve harder problems (Chambers et al., 2007).

This learning theory supports the very skills needed by the 21st century. Learners who are

placed into a learning environment based on this theory would be using their “knowledge and skills—

by thinking critically, applying knowledge to new situations, analyzing information, comprehending

new ideas, communicating, collaborating, solving problems, making decisions” (Honey et al., 2003).

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Electronic Gadgets Academic Performance of

(Computer, laptop, cellular phone) Radiologic Technology Students

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Figure 1 shows hypothesized relation between variables on the effect of electronic gadgets on the

academic performance of Radiologic Technology students.Independent variables are the electronic

gadgets (computer, laptop, cellular phone, netbook, and tablet). These technological devices are the

response variable

which will be observed and PROCESS measured to determine the academic

performance of students, ●Distribution of survey which is the dependent variable).

questionnaires
●Gathering of data
●Selecting respondents
RESEARCH PARADIGM
●Assessment on the effects
of electronic gadgets on
the academic performance
INPUT of students OUTPUT
 List of students ●Analysis and ●Identify effects of
 Profile of the interpretation of data electronicgadgets on the
respondents academic performance of
●Getting information from
 Gadgets used in doing other references
students
tasks ●Introduce to the
 Survey questionnaires students, parents, school
administratorsand the
school itself the effects of
electronic gadgets on the
academic performance of
students
●Provide tool in
gathering student’s
information on what are
the effectsof electronic
gadgets on the academic
performance of Students

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Figure 2 shows the relationship of the paradigm of the study. It involves the Input, Process, and Output.

The input of the study includes the List of the students or respondents that will be the respondents of

this study, profile of the respondents, gadgets used in doing tasks and Survey questionnaires that will

be floated upon conducting this study. The process includes the distribution of survey questionnaires,

gathering of data, selecting respondents, assessment on the effects of electronic gadgets on the

academic performance of students, analysis and interpretation of data and getting information from

other references. The intended output of the study includes: Identify effects of electronic gadgets on the

academic performance of students, Introduce to the students, parents, school administrators and the

school itself the effect of electronic gadgets on the academic performance of students and provide tool

in gathering students’ information on what are the effects of electronic gadgets on the academic

performance of students.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is about the relationship of gadgets on the academic performance of BSRT1- Nevada

students.

This can be of use to the following:

Parents- this will serve as their reminder that they shall not be primarily responsible in providing

limitations in their child especially in their education and proper use of gadgets.

Students- this will help them realize that they shall uphold a good time management in terms of their

education and be responsible in using the gadgets. This study will also set information that can be used

by them in order to have a proper supervision of their gadgets while conquering their goals.
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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

Government- this will help the government to eliminate the negative impacts of gadgets among

students through formulating different programs that advocates to engage the students in the proper use

of gadgets and learning at the same time.

Researchers of this study- this study will signify as their fulfilment to provide and contribute to the

whole community and to their fellow students. Alongside, their efforts and claims will entice the future

researchers to conduct studies.

Users- this study would help students who are using devices to limit their time to the different

entertainment section that will be acquired on gadgets.

Teachers- this study will facilitate the educators in executing and giving advices to the students

regards with the appropriate utilization gadgets in seeking the knowledge that they need.

Community- this will help the community to be aware of the possible effects that may acquire in over

using of gadgets.

Future researchers- this will encourage future researchers to conduct studies about the technology

advancement especially the devices that hinder the study habits of the students.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Listed below are terms taken from this proposal, which the researcher believe, have to be defined. This

is necessary to enable the future readers of this thesis to easily understand the contents of this research.

Technology-the practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area.

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

Gadget- refers to any device that helps you to do school work and as for entertainment. It allows those

tasks to be performed via cellular phone, PDA, vehicles, laptops, and computer.

Cellular phone- refers to a mobile technology that allows you to communicate with others.

Laptop-refers to a portable computer device that helps student do their schoolwork.

Computer- an electronic machine that can store and work with large amount of informations.

Academic Performance-is the General Weighted Average of a student

Internet- an electronic communications network that connects computer networks and organizational

computer facilities around the world.

Social Media-forms of electronic communication through which users create online communities to

share information, ideas, personal messages, and other contents.

Positive effects of gadgets- refers to the factors that the researcher believes, technological devices

improves and enhance the learning performance of the students.

Negative effects of gadgets- refers to the factors that the researcher believes, technological devices

degrade the learning performance of the students.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study has scope as it covers a wide range of the effects of electronic gadgets on the academic

performance of Radiologic Technology students.

This will be conducted at Alimannao Hills Peñablanca, Cagayan (May __ 2019)

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER II

REVIEWOF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents a review of local and international literature and studies which have relevance to

study.

INTERNATIONAL STUDIES

In the present era the introduction of modern technological gadgets has captured the attention of

global population. The dependency of people on these technological gadgets and services provided by

these has reached at such a level that, without these, they are unable to think a step forward in the

direction of their growth. The degree of dependency is leading to addiction of the tech-devices and

services. Youth is the most vulnerable group among the population to be addicted to technology. The

study was design to examine the use of tech-devices by youth i.e., the time spent with the gadgets,

their Emotional Maturity and Reasoning Ability. Using structured questionnaire, primary data was

collected from 120 undergraduate students from different colleges of Hubli-Dharwad. The gadget use

scale, Singh and Bhargav’s Emotional Maturity scale and David’s Battery of Differential Aptitude:

Reasoning Ability scales were used to gather data. The respondents were categorized into two groups

i.e., More Gadget Users and Less Gadget Users. The ‘t’ test was used for statistical analysis. Findings

of the study showed that More Gadget Users have high emotional maturity and slightly high reasoning

ability. The results are interpreted based on the current theories and implications for future are pointed

out. (Pooja A. Hanakeri 2015)

Electronic gadgets like video games, internet, cellphone and television has become widely and

unrestrictedly used tools. These gadgets have become a central force that fuels the rhythm of daily life.

But for a growing number of adolescents it’s on out of control habit instead of a necessary part of life

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY
which

affects their academic performance and family interaction. This study was conducted to assess the

influence of electronic gadgets excessive use among adolescents on academic performance and family

interaction in selected schools at Madurai district. A descriptive correlational research design was used.

The instrument used for data collection was a rating scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics were

used to analyze the data. The study findings revealed 48% of the samples were using electronic gadget

excessively, 31% of the samples were using moderately and only 21% of the samples were using

averagely. The study findings shown that 57% of the samples had average academic performance, 33%

of the samples had good academic performance and only 10% of the samples had poor academic

performance. The study findings elicited that 98% of the samples had poor family interaction and only

2% of the samples had moderately adequate family interaction. There is a negative relationship

between electronic gadget excessive use, family interaction and academic performance. There was a

significant association between television and demographic variables like age, standard, place of

residence and hobbies. For video games variables such as age, standard, education of mother and

outdoor activities had significant association. For internet variables such as age, standard, place of

residence and hobbies had a significant association. There is no association between cell phone and

demographic variables. Based on the study findings the investigator prepared a module and pamphlet

with the motive of creating awareness to the adolescents and their parents regarding effects of

electronic gadgets excessive use and how to overcome it. (Mamatha SL 2016)

Today’s youth have unprecedented access to modern technology and use them in expected and

unexpected ways. Youth spend many hours a day using the technology, and the vast majority of them

have access to Internet, cell phones, smart phone, video games and many more. Recent evidence raises

concern about effects on academic performance. This chapter provides an overview of the impact of

modern technology on the educational attainment of adolescents. The purpose was to examine the

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relatio

nship between adolescent usage of computers and academic performance. Within the qualitative

research the case study design was adopted. Interviews and focus group discussions were the primary

tools used to gather data. The study found

out that modern technology impacts learning both positively and negatively. Recommendations were

made for parents, educationists, the media, and policy makers among others, for ways to increase the

benefits and reduce the harm that technology can have for adolescents. (Mohammed Taha Al-Hariri

2015)

Technology is a gift of God. After the gift of life it is perhaps the greatest of God's gifts. It is the

mother of civilizations, of arts and of sciences. Technology has certainly changed the way we live. It

has impacted different facets of life and redefined living. Undoubtedly, technology plays an important

role in every sphere of life. Several manual tasks can be automated, thanks to technology. Also, many

complex and critical processes can be carried out with ease and greater efficiency with the help of

modern technology. Thanks to the application of technology, living has changed and it has changed for

better. Technology has revolutionized the field of education. The importance of technology in schools

cannot be ignored. In fact, with the onset of computers in education, it has become easier for teachers

to impart knowledge and for students to acquire it. The use of technology has made the process of

teaching and learning all the more enjoyable.( Czaja 2018)

Technology as an intervention tool in mathematics influences student outcomes, motivation to

learn, and attitude about learning. However, no meta-analysis exists that examines all three of these

characteristics combined along with several facets of the interventions. Understanding how motivation

and attitude changes and influences student learning when technology is involved is essential in
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effecti

vely using technology to enhance mathematical achievement. The current study uses a systematic

review process to determine the effects of technology use on student achievement, motivation, and

attitude. Different aspects of the intervention are examined (type of intervention, type of treatment,

duration of the intervention, mathematical content area, and context of the learning environment).

Results from 24 articles (4,522 subjects) indicate a significant overall

impact of technology on student achievement, motivation, and attitudes; however, results vary based on

the different aspect of the intervention examined.( Lindy Crawford 2016)

A gadget is a small tool or device with a specific useful purpose and function. Gadgets tend to

be more unusual or cleverly designed than normal technology. In today’s life, tasks are maximized with

the use of modern gadgets. It is easier to accomplish daily tasks and people are also able to do work

with efficiency. One cannot even dare to imagine life without smart phones, cell phones, laptops,

tablets, iPods and so on. Today’s gadgets are one of the ways to make life more comfortable and easier.

says that no one can deny the fact that gadgets have not only simplified the lives of people but also

made them more comfortable and luxurious. Indeed, these gadgets really made a huge impact in

people’s lives and became part of it.(Shy 2015)

Today’s classrooms are equipped with the latest technology to enhance instruction. Smartphone

use in the classroom is still somewhat controversial, but the Calgary Board of Education actually

encourages it as a learning tool. In an interview with CTV, Queen’s University National Scholar and

Associate Professor Sidneyeve Matrix compared the situation to when calculators were first used by

students in the classroom. “We had a whole new level of computational skill, and now we’re going to

have a whole new level of mobile digital skills when we turn to mobile learning on the

handhelds”.(Gammuac 2016)

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY
T

echnology users are moving towards being more mobile, and teachers and students are a significant

part of that trend. On 2013, Lenovo, the world’s top PC vendor reported that they sold more

smartphones and tablets than PCs for the first time ever. Calgary-based SMART Technologies’ SMART

Boards are popular with both teachers and students. Teachers can project presentations onto the

SMART Boards and they can write, touch and interact with their content. Document cameras are also

a fun way for teachers to show students new and interesting ways of looking at objects. Whether they

are zooming in on the smaller details of a 3D object, or observing science experiments, students can

share an equal view of the lesson – without crowding the teacher’s desk. Whether a student is

listening to his own music while studying, or a teacher is playing an audio book to her students, mp3

players are an increasingly common sight in schools. Both teachers and students can make full use of

mp3 players in their school activities (Gammuac, 2013).

New media technologies and a number of important studies were conducted in the 2000’s on

the impact of children’s intellectual development, and various aspects of using such technologies.

Many researches were conducted aimed to organize understanding the change that took place by using

these technologies, and to explore the conversion in children’s behavior and focused to discover-what

extent children feel aggression, and how they react by using these modern technologies e.g. video

games, mobile phones with various applications embedded using via Internet with Wi-Fi connections

video games consoles and internet. Providing computers to schools increases the technology skills of

teachers and students in both the developed and the developing world. Laptop programs increase

students' engagement with academic work and school, improve technology skills, and have positive

effects on students' writing. Research in many nations suggests that laptop programs will be most

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY
succes

sful as part of comprehensive initiatives that also address changes in education goals, curricula, teacher

training, and assessment (Zucker & Light 2009).

Technology enhanced learning (TEL) aims to design, develop and test socio-technical

innovations that will support and enhance learning practices of both individuals and organizations. It is

therefore an application domain that generally covers technologies that support all forms of teaching

and learning activities. Since information retrieval (in terms of searching for relevant learning resources

to support teachers or learners) is a pivotal activity in TEL, the deployment of recommender systems

has attracted increased interest. This chapter attempts to provide an introduction to recommender

systems for TEL settings, as well as to highlight their particularities compared to recommender systems

for other application domains (Koper et al., 2010).

The use of technology in education has significantly aided students in performing their school-

related tasks. Clegg and Bailey (2008) assert that with the utilization of mobile devices such as laptops

and tablet computers, the learning process for the students become more fun and conducive due to the

user-interactivity and appealing visuals present in these learning tools. Additionally, a vast collection of

learning games and applications exist for these mobile devices, and as a matter of fact, there are about

96,000 educational applications available (App Store Metrics, 2013). The data collected by Apps in

Education (2012) confirmed that the subject areas covered by these applications include Mathematics,

Sciences, Grammar and Spelling and Arts and Humanities (Clegg & Bailey, 2008).

Technology plays vital role in our daily lives. These include electronic games, home computers,

handheld devices, and different type of gadgets. Gadgets are popular in children and as likely in elders.

In this norm we can’t keep our children out of this. This paper presents the impact of gadgets on

children in positive and negative manner. Research has been conducted in how gadgets impact on

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

cognitive and motor skills of children. It also describes the ways for parents how they can monitor their

children by limiting their time of gadget uses. As the gadgets are increasing day by day, it is leading to

the technology addiction among children. The paper concludes with recommendations for further study

of better understanding of more problems in children by growing impact of computers. (Mainul Haque

2012)

The use of Internet has now become indispensable, and the technology has revolutionized the

medical education and practice worldwide. Currently, medical students and professionals have an

enormous opportunity to keep them always updated with the exponential growth of knowledge because

of potential progression of Internet throughout the world that enables them to become a lifelong

learner. Internet addiction is a widespread phenomenon among students and academicians at

universities in Malaysia. Students use the Internet for recreational purpose and personal and

professional development. The Internet has become an integral part of day-to-day life of the university

students, including medical students. The aim of the present study was to examine the Internet use and

addiction among students of Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia.This was a cross-sectional study

in which a questionnaire, Internet Addiction Diagnostic Questionnaire, developed by the Center for

Internet Addiction, USA, was used. One hundred forty-ninemedical students of Universiti Sultan

Zainal Abidin participated in this study. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social

Sciences software.The mean scores were 44.9±14.05 and 41.4±13.05 for male and female participants,

respectively, which indicated that both the genders were suffering from mild Internet addiction.This

study shows almost similar level of Internet usage among medical students irrespective of their

socioeconomic background, with no statistically significant (p>0.05) differences, except among the

years of study (p=0.007). Overall, from the research data and having worked with this cohort very

closely, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin medical students can be labeled as wonted and recurring users
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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

of the Internet. Nevertheless, it is very difficult to define as Internet addicts or pathological users of the

Internet because of small sample size and cross-sectional study.( Nor Iza A Rahman 2013)

Internet addiction (IA) has negative consequences on the mental health and affects daily

activities. This study was conducted with the aim to assess the prevalence of Internet addiction among

dental university students and to determine if there is any relationship of excessive Internet use with

depression and academic performance among students.This was a cross sectional study which included

384 dental students from different academic years. A questionnaire was prepared that collected

information on demographic characteristics, pattern of Internet use, duration of use, and most common

mode of Internet access. Internet addiction was assessed using Youngs Internet Addiction test.

Depression was assessed using Becks depression inventory [BDI-1].The prevalence of Internet

addiction and depression was found to be 6% and 21.5% respectively. The first year students showed

the highest mean Internet addiction (17.42±12.40) score. Chatting was the main purpose for Internet

use. Logistic regression analysis showed that individuals who were depressed (Odds Ratio=6.00, p

value<0.0001*) and scored less than 60% marks (Odds Ratio=6.71, p value<0.0001*) were more likely

to be addicted to Internet.The addiction to internet has negative impact on mental health and academic

performance. These high risk group students should be identified and psychological counseling should

be provided.(Ahmed Gahzi 2015)

Agricultural science teachers are not immune to the need of integrating technology into the

classroom and see their roles expanding to include technology integration .Integrating technology into

the educational process allows the instructor to think outside the classroom and develop new

experiences to meet learning goals .One way that technology can be integrated into the educational

process is through the implementation of computing devices. A number of studies have shown that

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

Implementations have had a positive effect on student learning outcomes, though findings are

inconsistent in regards to student achievement. Implementation of devices in an agriscience classroom

has the potential to have a positive impact on student posttest performance due to easier access to

information and increased student motivation. A number of factors influence student learning and

instructional practices when implementing computer technology in the classroom, and it has been

demonstrated that a correlation between increased computer usage and learning outcomes exists.

Though it has been demonstrated that implementations and computer use have an effect on a variety of

student outcomes. In their study, they examined the impact of laptop computing on teaching practices

and student achievement in eleven Florida school districts over one school year. The study collected

data from both urban and rural K-12 schools with no emphasis on content area or grade level. Data

collection from observations, document analysis, interviews and teacher inquiry were used to develop

an account of the 1:1 laptop implementation’s impact. Findings from their study showed the impact of

laptops on student achievement as being inconclusive, due to inconsistent performance results. Though

most of the classes in the study showed positive impacts from laptop use, some classes had negative

results, which were attributed to students not knowing how to use the laptops or being comfortable

using them. Their study also identified two other factors for a positive implementation, systematic

support and professional development. This suggests that varying degrees of implementation levels for

these three factors could potentially impact future studies. Because studies are often short in duration,

typically occurring only over a one to two year period, their findings may be influenced by the novelty

factor of new technology and limitations in user comfort with the technology. ( Joseph Kahinde 2014)

Technology had a significant positive impact on all four of the measured outcomes and was a

positive experience for both students and teachers. This study demonstrates a positive correlation

between increased computer usage and these four outcomes. Though all of the other data collection
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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

methods indicated positive results, the results from the MCAS standardized test indicated there was not

a very significant correlation between the computer use and student MCAS test scores. Acknowledged

limitations of the MCAS as an assessment tool by stating, "the educational technology literature and

the models themselves suggest that perhaps the MCAS may not be the most sensitive or appropriate

measure of student achievement in the settings.In addition to the MCAS test, a randomized computer

writing test was conducted to measure student achievement. This test showed a substantial increase in

both topic development and the number of words used in student essays, suggesting the computer based

writing test more accurately measured the computer based writing skills of the students. This raises the

question as to why one measure of student achievement can indicate positive changes while another

measure indicates little to no significant changes in student achievement. The study demonstrated a

correlation between increased computer usage and learning outcomes. It also suggested that a number

of factors influenced student learning and instructional practices when implementing computer

technology in the classroom. In particular, teacher training, access to technical support, comfort levels,

teacher pedagogy, and instructional design were influential on their study’s outcomes. Their study used

a quasiexperimental design involving three schools with various levels of laptop integration to see if

participation in programs can be used to predict changes in English and Language Arts scores. One

school did not implement laptop technologies and was used as the control group. The second school

consisted of 1/3 of the participants using assigned laptops, and the third school consisted of all

participants being issued a laptop as part of an implementation. The study was conducted over the

course of two years and followed the same students during that time frame. The findings indicated that

the laptops did have a small positive effect on student performance, though the authors suggest the

traditional format of writing tests, in which students use pencil and paper, may have put students using

laptops for writing at a disadvantage.The students that used a laptop for their writing are creating,

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

editing and working in a different format than students that used pen and paper. The laptop is a great

tool for revising content, getting timely feedback, and organizing ideas. Students that are using this tool

to do their work are then handicapped when the tool is removed. The design of this study requires

students to use their tablets to look up plant information and create a digital leaf notebook that they will

use to practice identifying the plants. This is in contrast to the slower traditional methods in which

students would look up pictures of plants in a book and create a leaf notebook using actual plant mobile

device impact on students leaf samples.The researcher determined it would be important to create an

atmosphere in which participation in this study would introduce a helpful tool and not take one away.

In order to accomplish this, students in the control group were told that they would be given an

opportunity to use the mobile devices at the conclusion of the initial four week study period, ensuring

they felt there would be an opportunity for equal access to this technology. This study focused on the

effects that computing had on student performance. However, the inclusion of technology in the

classroom has the potential to transform the educational setting in a variety of ways, including a)

instructional practices, (b) student engagement, and (c) student access. Any of these factors may have

contributed to changes in student performance, and as such, those topics should also be discussed.

Instructional Practices Agricultural science teachers indicated that information technologies with

broader implications, such as the World Wide Web, were more positively viewed; whereas specific

technology applications such as online forms, though positively viewed, received lower attitudinal

scores. The purpose of that study was to determine if a relationship existed between teacher

demographics and their attitudes towards information technology. That study also sought to access the

attitudes of the agricultural science teachers towards technology adoption and at what stage in the

adoption process they conformed to. In order for a teacher to more fully adopt and integrate

technology, he or she must see a relevance to how that technology will affect student performance. This

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

suggests the need for instructional practices to integrate technology as part of the learning process, and

not merely replace a worksheet with a digital version. (Dawson, Cavanaugh 2013)

Teaching practices coupled with professional development have been shown to have an

immediate impact on instructional practices explored teaching practices after a laptop implementation

in over four hundred classrooms in more than fifty K-12 schools in Florida. Teachers were initially

observed in the fall of the first year of the 1:1 implementation and a second observation was conducted

in the spring of the same year. Teachers were provided with professional development throughout the

school year in preparation for integrating the laptops into instruction. The observations were designed

to measure school practices, not teacher practices specifically. A district profile was then created based

on the resulting school practices so that districts could be compared and contrasted to help identify

what kinds of technologies and professional development strategies had the most impact. The results of

the study indicated that teaching practices coupled with professional development may have an

immediate impact on instructional practices. The injection of laptop computing and professional

development positively impacted teaching practices in at least three ways including (a) increased

studentcentered teaching, (b) increased tool-based teaching, and (c) increased amounts of meaningful

uses of technology. That study identified a strong correlation between student engagement and student

achievement, where increases in student engagement typically resulted in increases in student

achievement. Contradictory findings to this were attributed to the lack of change in assessment

practices. It indicates that changes in instructional practices resulted in changes in student engagement

and student achievement, two factors that this study explores. Their research emphasizes how stagnant

assessment practices can affect measures of student achievement, further evidence that assessment

methods must be re-evaluated to ensure that they are measuring students on what they are actually

learning. The changes in teaching practices that are sought after from 1:1 implementations focus on
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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

using technology to develop critical thinking skills and higher order thinking. However, not all

assessments provide an accurate means for measuring these new skills. An alternative to traditional

assessment methods are web-based learning portfolios .It concluded that the results of a teacher

assessment of student performance using web-based portfolios are reliable when quality rubrics are

created for student learning outcomes. (Chang and Wu 2014)

The use of mobile devices allows teachers new methods of instruction and students new ways

of demonstrating what they have learned. This opens the door to potentially more accurate student

assessment instruments. The web-based learning portfolios are limited by the quality of the rubric used

to evaluate the student’s work. Researchers found that how teachers perceive the role of the computing

device had an impact on instructional and learning outcomes. When the computing devices were seen

as a tool to facilitate change in teaching practices then student achievement was positively impacted.

They also illustrated the need for professional development when implementing technology into

instruction in order to ensure that changes in teaches practices could evolve from the integration of

computers into the classroom.The students and teachers had easy access to computer resources and

wireless Internet access, both at school and home. Teachers were also provided convenient and

efficient professional development, including access to a local university’s resources. Surveys were

administered to students, teachers, and parents in order to collect data on computer use and attitudes.

Students took two surveys, one at the beginning of the year prior to receiving their laptops and the

other at the end of the year, following instruction using the laptops. An interview process was also

conducted on a subset of students and teachers to gauge perspectives on the impact the technology had

on learning. From this data, the researchers concluded that how the computers were being used in

instruction had a greater positive impact than the amount of time spent using computers. Mixed student

achievement results were attributed to the inconsistent integration of computers into the curriculum and
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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

a need for better assessment methods for student achievement and work interestingly found that some

parents and teachers were resistant to computer use in instruction. Some parents preferred students to

use books and some teachers worried that students would not retain the ability to read and write with

paper and pencil. Concerns among teachers included a fear of devaluing the traditional ways of

learning that would occur as students replaced books, pen, and paper with laptops and software

applications. Though not impactful on this study, it warrants some consideration as to the impact of

teacher and parent perceptions of supplanting the plant identification practice of using real tangible

plant samples with a digital representation. It provides valuable insight into designing how the devices

will be integrated into instruction during this study. Their findings suggested the quality of computer

integration into instruction is more important than ad hoc access for the sake of using the device. In

order to take advantage of all that computers have to offer in the classroom, as many adoption barriers

as possible must be identified. The fear of some parents and teachers regarding computer use indicates

a lack of a sound and consistent implementation plan. People fear what they don’t know and it is likely

that the fear identified in teachers and parents comes from a lack of understanding how the devices are

going to be used. Specific tasks will need to be developed to ensure that students are using the devices

when it offers a potential advantage over traditional methods.The research highlights what can happen

when computers are thrown into the mix without proper or adequate planning. Based on the

presupposition that complicated processes and uses of technology could muddy the waters in this study

and make it difficult to make conclusions as to how the 1:1 implementation affected student

performance; this study was developed with the intention of easy integration and specific use of the

mobile devices so that they are used as a tool during the learning process. It focused on a high school

mathematics teacher and the outcomes from integrating blogging into his classroom. The participating

teacher in that study was selected because he provided a rare example of a teacher deeply connected

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

with the blogging technology and demonstrated its use in a variety of ways. Data collection methods

included collecting student and teacher blog postings over a 27 day period and a final interview with

the teacher. A qualitative data analysis was then conducted looking for aspects of teacher intent,

classroom use, and perceived value. The results of theresearch indicated blogging can be effective at

increasing student engagement, collaboration and achievement. The researchers warned that their

findings did not suggest blogging would produce the positive results seen but rather success may be

contributed to how the teacher chose to structure the use of blogging in his classroom. Their research

provided a very unique look at a classroom teacher facilitating learning with foremost, a sound

pedagogy, and secondly, a tool that he is comfortable with and accomplishes his classroom goals.

However, their study also suggests that the teacher’s success is not exclusive to the integration of

blogging. Some positive elements that appear to be attributed to classroom blogging include, a student

centered learning environment, enrichment exercises, student reflection, relevance through a real

audience, and students helping each other. Perhaps a similar positive result would have been found if

those elements were introduced into a class sans blogging and a different mechanism was used to

facilitate them. This study also indicates that the teacher’s success is attributable more to his teaching

methods in general and less to classroom blogging in particular. The use of a classroom blog was

merely a tool that a good teacher used to facilitate the learning process. That being said, there is one

finding that provides support for an argument in which student success is linked to classroom blogging

specifically. Blogging capitalizes on the cultural literacies of today’s student. (Li and Zhao 2010)

Computer self-efficacy has a significant influence on computer use and how students use them.

Research suggested that the more comfortable a student is with a computer, the more he or she will use

it. A desire to fit into social norms and parental influence to use computers provides an encouraging

environment for students to use computers and as students use the computers they become more
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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

comfortable, increasing their computer self-efficacy. This general computer self-efficacy was found to

play a more important role in student computer use than advanced computer competency. This research

noted that though schools provided access to many traditional computer technologies, very few offered

teachers access to iPods or similar technologies. This is particularly true for devices that teachers would

use during their non-working hours, such as an iPod. Students, in contrast, owned these types of

devices and used them outside of the school environment, indicating that students are early adopters of

the technology. In addition, student access to these devices was substantially greater than teacher

access, with a majority of students owning an iPod or similar device. This suggests a cultural literacy

may exist, in the form of learning through multi-media devices that could be leveraged by teachers to

engage students in the learning process. Cultural literacies are not unique to just devices. Student

blogging has shown that it can allow a teacher to tap into the cultural literacies of today’s student and

provided a unique opportunity for the teacher to capitalize on his students’ interest and knowledge with

online communication. By using blogging, the teacher was able to interface with how students interact

in their personal lives, providing a more familiar communication channel than through the traditional

pen and paper. Implementation provides the basis for students to begin using technology they are

already familiar with as a tool used to enhance their ability to learn. This research found that some

student populations who receive traditional instruction performed better than those that received the

same content through computer assisted instruction. That study found that low achieving students

performed better when using the computer assisted instruction. Increased student engagement, clarity

of presentation, and the ability to more easily review class material was suggested as possible reasons

for the low achieving students increased performance. ( Murphrey 2016)

Technology opens the door to new methods of instruction and inquiry; however, it is necessary

to ensure that the use of technology does not impede the learning process by creating unforeseen
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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

barriers. In particular, it is vital that the technology is not just more engaging; it must also be a useful

tool in the learning and assessment process. In sum, this review of literature demonstrates how

entwined student achievement, instructional practices, student engagement, and computer access are

when studying the effects of computing. Each has a demonstrable effect on how an implementation will

affect student performance and therefore, each must be considered when studying the effects of

implementations. The challenge comes with attempting to determine the effect each of these

components has on student performance so that instructors and researchers can gain new

understandings and begin to develop a better “recipe” or model for computing. A more accurate model

for computing will help guide implementation decisions and provide insight into the effects in an

agriscience classroom.( Katakuneri 2009)

LOCAL STUDIES

In the Philippines, President Benigno Aquino announced during the launch of the country’s K-

12 curriculum that the government eyes the use of tablet computers in public schools in lieu of

traditional textbooks (Enterprise Innovation, 2012). Furthermore, there exist various programs by the

government, non-government organizations and private corporations in the Philippines that aim to

provide one laptop computer per child. With the presence of laptops in the classrooms, students

become more engaged and involved in school-related activities (Oquias, 2011).

The role of technology within this theory is an invaluable part of the system in which the

learners are interacting. This interaction can either help to distribute their knowledge, off-load certain

amounts of cognitive work making the cognitive load less and or help to scaffold new capabilities (Bell

& Winn, 2008). For example, using camera to take a photo allows more time to learn instead of writing

it on a notebook. Also, in this theory,

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

technology (gadgets) can be used to help extend human capabilities. For example, calculator can be

used to solve math problem quickly instead of solving it manually. These gadgets help students to

make their learning more efficient. Another example of this is taken from a case study that was

conducted using robotics to produce solving problem skills. In this case study, students were placed

into small collaborative groups and were asked to construct a robot, using Lego Mindstorm for schools

kits, which would perform various tasks. The groups were introduced to a tool known as a flowchart.

They used these flowcharts to map the programming instructions they would give the robot to complete

the given task. This allowed them to off-load some of the cognitive work to the flowchart and then

through its use, they were able to solve harder problems (Chambers et al., 2010).

Written with Dr. Michael Aguirre Clores of the Department of Mathematics and natural

Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Ateneo de Naga University, presents case studies in the

interaction between students’ understanding and belief in learning the theory of evolution.

Constructivist theory argues that belief and understanding are separate but interrelated aspects in the

learning process. Results revealed that students’ position about the theory of evolution and patterns of

understanding varied: (a) misconceptions or lack of understanding affecting the belief; (b) cascade of

conceptual change that was complicated by belief; (c) rejection of the theory due to challenged

religious belief and potential to understand evolutionary theory despite resistance to believe in the

theory; (d) remaining skeptical about the theory due to ambivalence that emanated from his conflicting

theological and scientific beliefs and misconception he held about human evolution, and (e) prior

beliefs and concepts that were commensurate to the accepted scientific concepts and beliefs about the

evolution made learning evolution less complicated. We conclude that the Filipino students’ belief

affect their ability to understand the theory of evolution and vice-versa.The strategic nature of learning

requires students to be goal directed. To construct useful representations of knowledge and to acquire

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

the thinking and learning strategies necessary for continued learning success across the life span,

students must generate and pursue personally relevant goals. Initially, students' short-term goals and

learning may be sketchy in an area, but over time their understanding can be refined by filling gaps,

resolving inconsistencies, and deepening their understanding of the subject matter so that they can

reach longer-term goals. Educators can assist learners in creating meaningful learning goals that are

consistent with both personal and educational aspirations and interests.( Soledad Esplanada, 2013).

The Philippines could be the “texting capital of the world”, with reportedly 50 million text

messages sent out every day (Breakthrough, DLSU). Even the crippled Philippine economy got a boost

from text messaging especially its influence to the teens. Text messaging is most popular among teens

and to the college students. Because of its popularity in this age group, it has sprawned a new term the

“GenTxt” or text generation. Part of text messaging appeal to Filipinos probably has to do with the fact

that it feeds a pre-existing cultural urge, namely to rumor monger. Text messaging enables a close-knit

and factional society to share information immediately. The power of text messaging is to disseminate

effect. Thus, there is no reason to think that the flow of disingenuous texts will become less rabid now

in the most volatile of seasons.There is no doubt that modern technology has an effect on the study

habits of students today. The positive side of modern technology is that it makes things easier for

students to research for their homework and projects. However, it is also right to mention that

technologies are also a major distraction for students. It’s up to the parents to teach their child to be

responsible on their mobile phones, to ask them to pay-up when their mobile runs out of money. Or to

get some agreement from the mobile companies that automatically cut- off usage when the child

overuses their allowance for the month. Technology continues to advance at lightning speed

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and

anyone who doesn’t keep up is in danger of being left behind. As a result, the way students study has

changed significantly. While books still remain a valuable tool, the need to spend hours and hours

sitting in the library has reduced dramatically. Students now have numerous options available to them

when it comes to learning techniques. Furthermore, we cannot deny the fact that technology can be a

major distraction when

studying. Using the internet itself can be distracting because of all the social networking sites and the

games that are available with just one click. Of course there is the usual cellphone, iPod and iPad which

can really distract the students. This will all boil down to the age and the self-discipline of the student. (

Shiela Escuro 2015)

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter consists of the subjects of the study, sources of data and the procedures followed in

conducting the study.

Research Design

This study employs qualitative research design. Descriptive research was used to obtain information

concerning the effects of electronic gadgets to the academic performance of Radiologic Technology

Students of Medical Colleges of northern Philippines. This research conducted a survey to gather the

perception of the respondents. The selected respondents answered the questionnnaires provided by the

researchers.

Locale of the Study

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY
This

research as mandated conducted at Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines, Alimannao Hills

Peñablanca, Cagayan. The researchers distributed their survey paper to the Radiologic Technology

students of the said school.

Respondents and Sampling Procedure

The sample of this study are the students of Radiologic Technology Department. The Random

Sampling Procedures was used to identify the respondents. The samples of the study was taken from

the selected students of the Department of Radiologic Technology.

Data Gathering Procedure

The procedure of data gathering was as follows: upon approval of the herein research, the researchers

gave a letter to their respondents to ask permission to gather data. After the approval, the researchers

administered a questionnaires to the respondents for them to answer. Based from the gathered data

from the survey tool interpretations were derived.

Research Instrument

The survey questionnaires are the main instrument that was used in the data gathering process. It was

divided into three sections study that was conducted using Survey Design because the study intended to

know the effects of gadgets on the academic performance of BSRT1-Nevada students. Questionnaires

was distributed in conducting this study.

Data Analysis Procedure

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY
The

data was tabulated, analysed, and interpreted using the descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage

and average in order to be easily identified the differences of their answers.

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

Dear Respondents,

Attached beneath is a questionnaire to gather data and/ or information for our research work content:

“ELECTRONIC GADGETS; ITS EFFECTS ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF

RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY STUDENTS”. In this connection, may we solicit your kind

indulgence and consideration by answering every question included in the questionnaire.

Thank you very much for sharing your precious time and effort.

Respectfully yours,

BSRT1- NEVADA

PART I: SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

Name (optional):______________________________________________

Age: ______

Gender: _____Male ______Female

Gadgets owned:

Smartphones/Mobile phones: ______

Laptops/Computers: ______

Tablets/Ipad: ______

Mp3/Ipod: ______

Others(Please specify): _____________________________

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GENERAL WEIGHTED AVERAGE

( ) 96- 100

( ) 91- 95

( ) 86- 90

( ) 81- 85

( ) 76- 80

Direction: Rate the following statements based on the 5 point scale given below

1- Strongly disagree 2- Disagree 3- Can’t say 4- Agree 5- Strongly agree

5 4 3 2 1

1.) I sleep late at night because of using gadgets

2.) I have issues in absenteeism and late

3.) I sleep in my class

4.) I have problem in falling asleep

5.) I experienced being locked in my class due to arriving

late

6.) I often get bored when not using my gadgets

7.) I become dependable because of using gadgets

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY
8.) I become careless because of using gadgets

9.) I use gadgets excessively

10.) I use up more time in using gadgets than on studying

11.) I prefer using gadgets than scanning my notes before I

sleep

12.) I prefer accessing on social media applications like

facebook, twitter and instagram than reviewing my lessons

13.) Gadgets help me to learn and discover new things

14.) The increased use of computer based technology can

enhance my performance in class

15.) Gadgets help me improve my knowledge

16.) Gadgets help me more productive and intellectual

17.) Gadgets help me improve in my learning ability

18.) I am more comfortable in doing my assignments or

projects with the presence of gadgets

19.) Gadgets provide me greater access to informations and

more compelling presentations

20.) I understand my lessons better using powerpoint

presentations than traditional presentations

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the gathered and analysis and interpretation of the results of the
statistical treatment of the data gathered.
I. Profile of the Respondents

Distribution of Respondents as to Age

This section presents the distribution of respondent’s age and shows the percentage ranging

from the age of 18 to 20.

Table 1. Frequency and Percentage Distribution of First year Radiologic Technology

Students of Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines according to their Age

Age Frequency Percentage

18 10 12%

19 58 69%

20 16 19%

Table 1 shows that out of the 84 respondents, most of them ages 19 with the percentage of 69,

second is 20 years old with the percentage of 19 and 18 years old with the percentage of 12.

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

Distribution of Respondents as to Gender

This section presents the distribution of respondent’s gender and shows the percentage of male

and female.

Table 2. Frequency and Percentage Distribution of First Year Radiologic Technology

Students of Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines based on their gender.

Gender Frequency Percentage

Male 32 38%

Female 52 62%

Table 2 presents the distribution of respondents in terms of gender. According to the table above,

out of 84 respondents, 32 or 38% are male and 52 or 62% are female.

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

Distribution of respondents as to Gadgets ownership

This section presents the distribution of respondent’s gadgets ownership

Table 3.Frequency and Percentage Distribution of First Year Radiologic Technology Students of

Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines based on gadgets ownership

Gadgets owned Frequency Percentage

Smartphones/Mobile 84 100%

Phones

Laptops/Computers 64 76%

Tablets/Ipad 36 43%

Mp3/Ipod 28 33%

Table 3 presents the distribution of respondents in terms of gadgets ownership. According to the

table above, 84 or 100% of the respondents have smartphones or mobile phones, 64 or 76% have

Laptops or computers, 36 or 43% have Tablets/ Ipads and 28 or 33 % have Mp3 or Ipod.

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

Distribution of respondents as to General Average

This section presents the distribution of respondent’s general average.

Table 4. Frequency and Percentage Distribution of First Year Radiologic Technology Students of

Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines according to General Average.

General Weighted Frequency Percentage

Average

96-100 2 2%

91-95 10 12%

86-90 53 63%

81- 85 15 18%

76- 80 4 5%

Table 4 presents the distribution of respondents in terms of general average. According to the

table above, out of 84 respondents, 2 or 2% are 96- 100, 10 or 12% are 91- 95, 53 or 63% are 86-

90, 15 or 18 % are 81- 85 and 4 or 5% are 76- 80.

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

I. Effects of electronic gadgets on the academic performance of Radiologic Technology

Students

Table 5. Tardiness of Students in going to School

Questions Weighted mean Descriptive Value

1. I sleep late at night 4.74 Strongly Agree

because of using gadgets

2. I have issues in 1.99 Disagree

absenteeism and late

3. I sleep in my class 3.83 Agree

4. I have problem in falling 4.26 Strongly Agree

asleep

5.. I experienced being 3.90 Agree

locked in my class due to

arriving late

TOTAL: 3.74 Agree

Table 5 presents the distribution of respondents in terms of Tardiness in going to school.

According to the table above, most of the respondents sleep late at night with the mean of 4.74

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

and Descriptive Value of Strongly Agree, second is having problems in falling asleep with the

average mean of 4. 26 and a Descriptive Value of Strongly Agree, third is have experienced

being locked in class with the mean of 3.90 and Descriptive Value of Agree, fourth is sleeping in

class with the mean of 3.83 and Agree as its Descriptive Value and last is having issues in

absenteeism and late having the lowest mean of 1.99 and a Descriptive Value of Disagree. Their

total mean is 3.74 with a Descriptive Value of Agree.

Table 6. Respondents having problems in Mental and Emotional Health

Questions Weighted Mean Descriptive Value

6. I often get bored when 4.19 Agree

not using my gadgets

7. I become dependable 4.04 Agree

because of using gadgets

8. I become careless 4.18 Agree

because of using gadgets

9. I use gadgets 4.18 Agree

excessively

10. I use up more time in 4.24 Agree

using gadgets than on
studying
11. I prefer using gadgets 4.43 Agree

that scanning my notes

before I sleep

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

12. I prefer accessing on 4.40 Agree

social media applications

like facebook, twitter and

instagram than reviewing

my lessons

TOTAL: 4.24 Agree

Table 6 presents the distribution of respondents in terms of having problems in mental and

emotional health. Based on the table above, most of the respondents prefer accessing on social

media with the mean of 4.40 and a Descriptive Value of Agree, second is prefer using gadgets

with the mean of 4.43 and a Descriptive Value of Agree, next is using up more time in using

gadgets with an average mean of 4.24 and Descriptive Value of Agree, fourth is often get bored

when not using gadgets with the mean of 4. 19 with the Descriptive Value of Agree, fifth is

becoming careless and using gadgets excessively having the same mean of 4.18 and a Descriptive

Value of Agree. Their total mean is 4.24 with a Descriptive Value of Agree.

Table 7. Respondents in Developing Cognitive Skills

Questions Weighted Mean Descriptive Value

13. Gadgets help me 4.29 Agree

to learn and discover

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

new things

14. The increase use 4.36 Agree

of computer- based

technology can

enhance my

performance in class

15. Gadgets help me 4.55 Strongly Agree

improve my
knowledge
16. Gadgets help me 4.38 Agree

more productive and

intellectual

17. Gadgets help me 4.42 Agree

improve my learning

ability

TOTAL: 4.04 Agree

Table 7 presents the respondents perception on the development of cognitive skills in using

electronic gadgets. It reveals that students strongly agree that gadgets helps improve their

knowledge (4.55) Moreover, students agree on the following statements; gadgets help improve

their learning ability (4.42) (4.38) (4.36) (4.29) Generally, students agree that gadgets develop

their cognitive skills.

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

Table 8. Respondents in Using Electronic Gadgets as a Medium in Doing Tasks Easier and Faster

Questions Weighted Mean Descriptive Value

18. I am more 4.52 Strongly Agree

comfortable in doing

my assignment or

projects withthe

presence of gadgets

19. Gadgets provide 4.29 Agree

me greater access to

informations

20. I understand my 4.54 Strongly Agree

lessons better using

powerpoint

presentations than

traditional

presentations

TOTAL: 4.45 Strongly Agree

Table 8 presents the distribution of the respondents in terms of using electronic gadgets as a

medium in doing tasks easier and faster. According to the table above, most of the students

understand their lessons better when using powerpoint presentations with the mean of 4.54 and
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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

the Descriptive Value of Strongly Agree. Next is, they are more comfortable in doing

assignments or projects with the presence of gadgets with the mean of 4.52 and a Descriptive

Value of Strongly Agree. Third is gadgets provide them greater access to information with the

mean of 4.29 with the Descriptive Value of Agree. The total mean is 4.45 with the Descriptive

Value of Strongly Agree.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents a summary of findings established from the data gathered in the study and it

answers the specific problem in chapter one. It also gives the conclusion and recommendation

derived from the summarize findings.

Summary of Findings

The main purpose of the study was to determine the effects of electronic gadgets to the academic

performance of Radiologic Technology students. It sought to answer the following questions: 1.

What is the profile of the respondents in terms of: Age, Gender, Gadgets owned; 2. Do

Radiologic Technology students consider getting low grades as one of the effects of using

electronic gadgets?; 3. Do Radiologic Technology students consider tardiness in going to school

as one of the effects of using electronic gadgets?; 4. Do Radiologic Technology students see

problems in mental and emotional health as one of the effects of using electronic gadgets?; 5. Do

Radiologic Technology students find electronic gadgets as a big help in developing cognitive

skills?; 6. Do Radiologic Technology students consider electronic gadgets as a good medium in

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

doing tasks easier and faster?; 7.Is there a significant effect between electronic gadgets and

Radiologic Technology students’ academic performance?

The said study was conducted at Medical Colleges of Northern Philippines which included 84

random first year Radiologic Technology Students. This study made use of Qualitative Research

design with questionnaire as the main gathering tool.

Conclusions

Based on the findings of the study the usage of electronic gadgets among the Radiologic

Technology Students has no effect in getting low grades. For this reason, Tardiness of students in

going to school is one of the effects of using electronic gadgets wherein using electronic gadgets

can really lead students to have problems in their mental and emotional health. On the other hand,

Electronic gadgets can really be of help in developing student’s cognitive skills. In addition the

students conclude that the usage of electronic gadgets as a good medium in doing tasks easier and

faster. As a result, researchers found out that there is a significant effect between the electronic

gadgets and the academic performance of Radiologic Technology Students.

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

Recommendations

The researchers would recommend that moderation in using electronic gadgets is the key for a

stable and improving grade. It is dependent to them whether they use it in accordance to their

academic purposes or they abuse it. Less time spent on entertainment is better because these

gadgets entertain you with the education it provides to the students. Learn how to use these

gadgets wisely and maintain a certain boundary for time spent on these electronic gadgets and

time spent for studying. Some suggestions have been given above to help students about setting

up their mind as to limit their exposure to these electronic gadgets. This is difficult to keep them

away but they can limit their time. Researchers encourage students to use it in educational field or

study purposes and that it can help change their lives. Use of electronic gadgets in constructive

way can lead to a healthier and efficient minds.

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MEDICAL COLLEGES OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY

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Lindy Crawford (2016). Impact of technology on student achievement, motivation, and attitudes.

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