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Centrifugal Casting

This document discusses three main types of centrifugal casting processes: true centrifugal casting, semi centrifugal casting, and centrifuge casting. True centrifugal casting uses a hollow, cylindrical mold rotated about a common axis to produce symmetrical castings like pipes or cylinders. Semi centrifugal casting uses a core to form internal shapes and stacked molds to produce multiple castings. Centrifuge casting does not have coinciding mold and rotation axes, instead using a group of circularly arranged molds and central feeding to produce parts like valve bodies. Centrifugal casting offers economic and quality advantages over other methods due to directional solidification and impurity removal.

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BHãßkãr Gúttíkøñdã
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199 views3 pages

Centrifugal Casting

This document discusses three main types of centrifugal casting processes: true centrifugal casting, semi centrifugal casting, and centrifuge casting. True centrifugal casting uses a hollow, cylindrical mold rotated about a common axis to produce symmetrical castings like pipes or cylinders. Semi centrifugal casting uses a core to form internal shapes and stacked molds to produce multiple castings. Centrifuge casting does not have coinciding mold and rotation axes, instead using a group of circularly arranged molds and central feeding to produce parts like valve bodies. Centrifugal casting offers economic and quality advantages over other methods due to directional solidification and impurity removal.

Uploaded by

BHãßkãr Gúttíkøñdã
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CENTRIFUGAL CASTING

Introduction
 In centrifugal casting, centrifugal force plays a major role in shaping and feeding of
the casting. In this process mould is rotated rapidly about its central axis as the metal
is poured into it.
 The centrifugal force is utilized in two ways
 It is utilized to distribute liquid metal over the outer surface of a mould. Hollow
cylinders and other annular shapes are formed in this way.
 Centrifugal force tends the poured metal and the freezing metal to fly outward, away
from the axis of rotation, and this tendency creates high pressure on the metal or
casting while it is freezing the lighter slag, oxides and other inclusions being lighter,
gets separated from the metal and segregates towards the centre, which can be
easily machined.

There are three main types of centrifugal casting processes. They are
1 True centrifugal casting.
2 Semi centrifugal casting.
3 Centrifuge casting.
True Centrifugal Casting
 In this process, the casting is made in a hollow, cylindrical mould rotated about
an axis common to both casting and mould.
 The axis of rotation may be horizontal, vertical or inclined.
 The castings have more or less a symmetrical configuration (round, square,
hexagonal etc.) on their outer contour and don’t need any central core.
 Casting cools and solidifies from outside towards the axis of rotation; so it results
in good directional solidification. Hence castings are free from shrinkage.
 True centrifugal casting may be produced in metal or sand lined mould,
depending largely upon the quantity desired.

Advantages s of True Centrifugal Casting


 There is no need of core to make a pipe or tube.
 No gates or risers are used so no material is wasted.
 Proper directional solidification is obtained. Dense and fine grained metal
casting.
 it is a quick and economical method.
 The impurities segregate towards the centre from where they can be easily
machined.

Disadvantages of true Centrifugal Casting


 It is limited to symmetrical shaped objects such as pipes, rolls, cylinders etc
 Equipment costs are high.
 Skilled workers are required.
Applications:
 Liners for l.C. engines.
 Pipes, rolls, cylinder sleeves, piston ring stocks, bearings,
bushing etc.
Semi centrifugal casting
 Unlike true centrifugal casting, a (sand) core is used to form the central cavity (as
in the hub of the wheel). So internal shapes are controlled which is not possible
in true centrifugal casting.
 Semi-centrifugal casting is normally made in vertical machines. The mould axis
concentric with the axis of rotation.
 Spinning speeds need not be as high as required in true centrifugal castings.
 Directional solidification can be obtained by proper gating of the casting, and
selective chilling.
 Casting shapes, more complicated than those possible for true centrifugal
casting can be made.
 A number of moulds stacked together, one over the other and can be fed by a
common central sprue in order to produce more than one casting at a time.
 Parts produced are gears, flywheels and track wheels etc.
Centrifuge casting.
 In this casting, the axis of the mould and that of the rotation don’t coincide with each
other.
 Parts are not symmetrical about any axis of rotation and cast in a group of moulds
arranged in a circle. The setup is revolved around the centre of the circle to induce
pressure on the metal in the mould.
 Mould cavities are fed by a central sprue under the action of the centrifugal force.
The metal is introduced at the centre and fed into the mould through radial ingates.
Centrifuging is possible only in vertical direction.
 Parts produced are valve bodies, valve bonnets, plugs, yokes, pillow blocks etc

Advantages of Centrifuge Casting Methods


 Produce casting more economically.
 Better quality.
 It can cast parts which cannot be satisfactorily produced by other methods.
 Casting shape imposes no special limitation in this process and an almost unlimited
variety of smaller shapes can be cast.

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