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Circuits 1
Circuit Problems
Compilation
12 / 17 / 2015
Ohms Law
2 | Maxim Integrated | Company Confidential

Easy
Draw the currents direction
Answer : A. going to right

B. going to right
C. No current
D. going to left
E. going to left

Easy
Find Req for the circuit shown below
Answer: Req = 14.4 ohms
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits 5th Edition by Charles K. Alexander| Matthew N.O. Sadiku
Page 47

Easy
What is the dc source voltage?
Answer : 78 V
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Easy page 40
For the circuit given below, find the voltages v1 and v2
Answer : V1 = 8V, V2= -12V
Page 40

Easy
What are the minimum and maximum output voltages?
Answer : 0 V, 16 V
Easy
In the circuit given, what is the ammeter current reading?
Answer : 2mA
Easy
Find the currents and voltages in the circuit shown.
Answer: i1=3A, i2=2A, i3=1A
Page 42

Medium Page 41
Find v1 and v2 in the circuit
Solution:
Total Voltage Source = 32 + (-8V) = 24V
V1 = 24 ( 4 / 4+2) = 16V
V2 = 24 ( -2 / 4+2) = -8V
Answer: v1=16V, v2=-8v
Page 41

Medium
Transform the wye network to a delta network
Solution:
Ra= [(10)(20)+(10)(40)+(20)(40)] / 10 = 140 Ω

Ra= [(10)(20)+(10)(40)+(20)(40)] / 20 = 70 Ω
Ra= [(10)(20)+(10)(40)+(20)(40)] / 40 = 35 Ω
Answer: Ra = 140 Ω, Rb = 70 Ω, Rc = 35 Ω
Page 40

Medium Page 43
Find the currents and voltages in the circuit shown below.
Solution:
First solve for node voltage VA

Using KCL
(10-VA)/2=VA/8 + VA-(-6V)/4
VA = 4V
V1 = 10-4=6V
V2 = VA = 4V
V3 = 4 – (-6) = 10V
Answer : v1=6V, v2=4V, v3=10V, i1=3A, i2=500mA, i3=1.25A
Page 42

Medium Page 52
For the circuit shown below, find v1 and v2
Answer: v1 = 45V, v2 = 60V
Page 52

Medium Page71
Find R for the circuit given
Solution:
Using KVL
20V - 10V - V10Ω + 30V = 0
V10Ω = 40V
I = 40V / 10Ω = 4A
R = 10V / 4A = 2.5 Ω
Answer : R = 2.5 ohms
Page 52

Medium
Find the Ammeter and Voltmeter reading
Solution:
V = 0V because of the ammeter connected
parallel in it.
Ω A = 12V / 4K = 3mA
Answer = 0V, 3mA

Medium
Find the unknown voltage source and resistor for the networks of Fig. 5.76. Also
Indicate the direction of the resulting current.
Answer: R = (12/16)(2k) = 1.5k ohms

E = 8 + 12 + 6 + 16 = 42V
Introductory Circuit Analysis 10th edition Boylestad
Page 162

Medium
In the circuit given below, find the value of the current source Is if Io = 1A
Page 130

Medium
For the network in the figure given
a. Determine the open-circuit voltage VL
b. If the 2.2-kΩ resistor is short circuited, what is the new value of VL?
c. Determine VL if the 4.7-kΩ resistor is replaced by an open circuit.
Answer : 2.87 V, 9 V, 9 V
Introductory Circuit Analysis 10th edition Boylestad
Page 211

Medium
Find Req and io in the circuit
Solution:
80||20 + 12||6
= 16 + 4 = 20 Ω
Req = 2.5 + 15||20||60
Req = 2.5 + 7.5 = 10 Ω
Io = 35 V/10 Ω = 3.5A
Note: Req is the total resistance in the given circuit
Answer : Req = 10 ohms , Io = 3.5 A
Page 71

Hard
Determine vo and i in the circuit shown below
Page 41

Hard
Find the equivalent resistance Rab in the circuit
Solution:
Rab = 10 + 8 + 5||20 + 6||3
Rab = 10 + 8 + 4 + 2
Rab = 24 Ω
Answer: Rab = 24 ohms
Page 73

Hard
Calculate the equivalent resistance Rab in the circuit
Solution:
Rab = [{(1+5)||4||12} +1] ||6||3 + 10
Rab = 3||6||3 + 10
Rab = 1.2 + 10
Rab = 11.2Ω
Answer : Rab = 11.2 Ω
Page 48

Hard
Obtain the equivalent resistance at the terminals a-b for each of the circuits given
Solution:
R1 = (10*10)/(10+10+20) = 2.5Ω
R2 = (10*20)/(10+10+20) = 5Ω
R3 = (10*0)/(10+10+20) = 5Ω
Rab = { (2.5+10)||(20+5) + 5} || 30
Rab = (12.5||25 + 5 ) || 30
Rab = (8.333 +5)||30
Rab = 13.333||30
Rab = 9.231 Ω
R1 = (20*30)/(10+20+30) = 10Ω
R2 = (20*10)/(10+20+30) = 3.333Ω
R3 = (30*10)/(10+20+30) = 5Ω
Rab = 25 + 5 + { (15+10)||(5+3.333) }
Rab = 30 + 6.25
Rab = 36.25
Answer: a.) 9.231 ohms b.) 36.25 ohms
Page 74

Diodes

Easy
An ideal diode presents a(n) ________ when reversed-biased and a(n) ________ when
forward-biased.
A. open, short
B. short, open
C. open, open
D. short, short
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Easy
Determine the peak value of the output waveform.
A. 25 V
B. 15 V
C. -25 V
D. -15 V
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Easy
A silicon diode measures a low value of resistance with the meter leads in both
positions. The trouble, if any, is
A. the diode is open.

B. the diode is shorted to ground.
C. the diode is internally shorted.
D. the diode is working correctly.
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Medium
Find the voltage drop across the resistors
Solution:
RT = 12||12 + 2 + 4
RT = 12 Ω
V2Ω = 11.3 V(2/12) = 1.8833 V
V4Ω = 11.3 V(4/12) = 3.7667 V
V12Ω = 11.3 V (6/12) = 5.65 V
Answer: V12 = 5.65V, V2 = 1.8833V, V4 = 3.7667

KCL , KVL

Easy
What is the voltage at points B to D in the given circuit?
Answer: 19.2 V
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Easy
Find i1 through i4 in the circuit below

Solution:
RT = 200||50||60||40
RT = 15 Ω
VT = 15 Ω * 16 A = 240 V
I1 = 240 / 50 = 4.8 A
I2 = 240 / 200 = 1.2 A
I3 = 240 / 40 = 6 A
I4 = 240 / 60 = 4A
Answer: i1 = 4.8 A, i2 = 1.2 A, i3 = 6 A, i4 = 4 A
Page 71

Medium
Find vo in the given circuit
Solution:
Using KCL
Vo/2 + (Vo- Va)/3 = 0
Vo = 0.4Va
(0.4Va - Va)/3 + 5 + (12 – Va)/5 = 0
2Va – 5Va + 75 + 36 – 3Va = 0
Va = 111 / 6 = 18.5
Vo = 0.4 (18.5) = 7.4 V
Answer: 7.4 V
Page 132

Medium Page 48
Find the current io and voltage vo in the circuit shown below
Solution:
Io = Vo / 4
0.5Vo/4 + 3 = Vo/4
Vo - 0.5Vo = 12
Vo = 24V
Io = 24V / 4Ω = 6A
Answer: io = 6 A, vo = 24 V
Page134

Medium
Determine the voltages at the nodes
Solution:
@node1
3 = (V1-V2)/2 + (V1-V3)/4
12 = 2V1-2V2+V1-V3
Eq.1) 12 = 3V1 -2V2 - V3
@node2
(V1-V2)/2 = V2/4 + (V2-V3)/8
4V1-4V2 = 2V2 + V2 - V3
Eq.2) 4V1 – 7V2 + V3 = 0
@node3
(V1-V3)/4 +(V2-V3)/8 = 2(V1-V2)/2
Answers: v1 = 4.8 V, v2 = 2.4 V, v3 = -2.4 V 2V1-2V3 + V2-V3 = 8V1 - 8V2
Eq.3) -6V1 + 9V2 -3V3 = 0
Page 87

Medium
Obtain the node voltages in the circuit Solution:
@node1
3 = (V1-V2)/6 + V1/2
18 = V1-V2+3V1
Eq.1) 18 = 4V1 -V2
@node2
(V1-V2)/6 = V2/7 + 12
7V1-7V2 = 6V2 + 504
Eq.2) 504 = 7V1 - 13V2
Answers: v1 = -6V, v2 = -42 V
Page 85

Medium
Solve for vx in the circuit Solution:
@nodeVx
(25-Vx)/20 + 5 + 0.1Vx - Vx/4= 0
25 - Vx + 100 + 2Vx -5Vx= 0
125 = 4Vx
Vx = 31.25
Answer: vx = 31.25 V
Page 134

Hard
Solve for the value of I in the circuit

Solution:
Using Superposition
Current Source Off
Ia = (8V-6V)/(6Ω +2Ω +8Ω ) = 125mA
Voltage sources off
RT = (8+6)||2 = 1.75 Ω
VT = 1.75 * 2 = 3.5 V
IB = 3.5V / 14 Ω = 250mA
Answer: 375 mA I = 125mA + 250mA = 375mA
Page 135

Hard
For the circuit shown, fin d the node voltages v1 and v2
Answers: v1 = -7.333 V, v2 = -5.333 V
Page 90

Hard
Find v1, v2, and v3 in the circuit using nodal analysis
Solution:
Using Mesh
1st loop: (4+2)I1 – 4I2 = 25
2nd loop: (4+3)I2 – 4I1 = -5i
I1 = 3.804 A
V1 = 3.804 (2) = 7.608 V
V2 = 7.608 – 25 = -17.392V
5I = V3 – (-17.39)
5(3.804) – 17.39 = V3
V3 = 1.63 V
Answers: v1 = 7.608 V, v2 = -17.392 V, v3 = 1.6305 V
Page 93

Transistors

Medium
For the transistor in the figure given, let β = 100 and VBE = 0.7 V.
Determine Vo and VCE
Solution:
5 – 10k(IB) – 0.7 – 0.2K(IB)(β+1) = 0

IB = 4.3V / (10K + 0.2K(β+1))
IB = 142.38 uA
IC = 14.238 mA
IE = 14.381 mA
Vo = 14.381 mA (200) = 2.876 V
VCE = 12 – 500(14.238 mA) – 2.876V
VCE = 2.005 1.984
Answer: vo = 2.876 V, VCE = 1.984 V
Page 110

Medium
In the circuit shown in Fig. 1.53, If β = 50, find IE, IB, IC and VC
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Medium
For a circuit shown below, VCC = 20 V, RC = 2 kΩ, β = 50, VBEact = 0.2 V
Calculate for IB, VCE & IC
Solution:
Using Thevenin first

VBB = 20V ( 5 / 100 + 5 )
VBB = 0.95 V
RTH = 100||5 = 4.762k Ω
0.95 – 4.762k(IB) – 0.2 – 0.1k(IB)(β+1) = 0
IB = 0.75V / (4.762K + 0.1k(β+1))
IB = 76.29 uA
IC = 3.814 mA
IE = 3.8785 mA
VCE = 20 – 2k(3.814 mA) – 0.1k(3.8785 mA)
VCE = 11.984 V
Answer: IB = 76.29 uA, IC = 3.814 mA, VCE = 11.983 V
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1 - 35

Medium
Refer to this figure. The value of VCE is:
Answer: 9.9 V
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Medium
Refer to this figure. The value of VBC is:
Answer: –9.2 V
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Hard
The transistor circuit has β = 80 and VBE = 0.7 V. Find Vo and Io.
Solution:
1 – 120k(IB) – 0.7 = 0
IB = 0.3V /120k
IB = 2.5 uA
IC = 200 uA
IE = 202.5 uA
Using KCL
200 uA + Vo/20k = (20 – Vo)/10k
Vo = 12 V
Io = 12 / 20k
Io = 600 uA
Answer: 12 V, 600 uA
Page 112

Hard
For the BJT circuit, β = 150 and VBE = 0.7 V. Find vo.
Answer: vo = 14.575 V
Page 111

Hard
Design the bias circuit below for VCC = 9V to provide VCC/3 V across RE and RC,
IE = 0.5 mA, and the voltage divider current of 0.2IE, as shown. Design the circuit
For large β, then find the actual value obtained for IE with a BJT having β = 100
Solution:
http://whites.sdsmt.edu/classes/ee320/notes/320Lecture17.pdf
Page 5
Hard
Solve for IREF and IO if VCC = 12 V, VBE = 0.7 V, and R = 1k ohms and having
a β = 25.
Note: Ideally, Io = IC
Answer : IREF = (VCC – VBE) / R = 11.3 mA

IO = IC = IREF / ( 1 + 2/β) = 10.46 mA
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Operational Amplifier

Easy
Refer to the given figure. A square-wave input is applied to this amplifier. The output
voltage is most likely to be
A. a square wave.
B. a triangle wave.
C. a sine wave.
D. no output.
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Easy
Refer to the given figure. This circuit is known as
A. a noninverting amplifier.
B. a differentiator.
C. an integrator.
D. a summing amplifier.
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Easy
Refer to the given figure. Determine the output voltage, VOUT.
A. 1.05 V
B. –0.35 V
C. 0.35 V
D. –1.05 V
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Easy
Determine the output voltage when V1 = –V2 = 1 V.
A.0 V
B.–2 V
C.1 V
D.2 V
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Easy
Refer to the op amp in Fig.5.12. If vi = 0.5 V, calculate: (a) the output voltage vo, and
(b) The current in the 10-kΩ resistor
Answer: vo = -1.25 V, i = 50 uA
Page 182

Easy
If vs = 0 in the circuit of Fig.5.41, find the current io
Answer: Io = -10 uA
Page 201

Medium
Find vo and io in the circuit in Fig.
Solution:
Vo = 20 mV ( 12/3 + 1) ( 10/4 + 1) =
Vo = 350 mV
Io = { (350 mV – 20mV(12/3 +1) } / 10k
Io = 25 uA
Answer: vo = 350 mV, io = 25 uA
Page 191

Medium
Determine vo in the op amp circuit shown .
Answer: vo = -6 V
Page 183

Medium
Refer to the given figure. If Vin = 5 V, the rate of change of the output voltage in
response to a single pulse input is:
A. 15.2 mV/us
B. 1.52 V/us
C. 1.52 mV/us
D. 15.2 V/us
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Medium
Find vo and io in the op amp circuit shown in the given figure
Answer: -3.8 V, -1.425 mA
Page 187

Medium
Determine vo for each of the op amp circuits
Answer: 2 V, 2 V
Page 203

Medium
Determine the voltage gain vo/vi of the op amp circuit.
Solution:
VA = VI (R2 / R2+R1)
Vo = VA ( R2/R1 +1) or VA (R2 + R1 / R1)
Vo /VI = (R2 / R2 + R1)(R2 + R1 / R1)
Vo/VI = R2 / R1
Answer: voltage gain = R2 / R1
Page 205

Medium
Find vo and io in the circuit
Solution:
VA = 1 (90 / 90+10)
VA = 0.9V
Vo = 0.9V ( 100 / 50 + 1)
Vo = 2.7 V
Io = (2.7–0.9)/100k + 2.7/10k
Io = 288 uA
Answer: 2.7 V, 288 uA
Page 203

Medium
Refer to the op amp circuit. Calculate ix and the power absorbed by the 3 kΩ resistor
Solution:
VA = 1mA (4k)
VA = 4V
Vo = 4V ( 1/2 + 1)
Vo = 6 V
Io = (6-4)/1k
Io = -2mA (opposite current direction)
Answer: ix= -2mA
Page 206

Medium
Determine vo and io in the op amp circuit
Solution:
VA = 1.2 V
Vo = 1.2 V ( 200/50 + 1)
Vo = 6 V
Io = (6-1.2)/200k
Io = 24 uA
Answer: 6 V, 24 uA
Page 192

Medium
Calculate the input voltage if the final output is 10.08 V.
Solution:
Vin = 10.08(-5/100)(-5/5)(5/{5+10})
Vin = 0.168 V
Answer: 0.168 V
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Medium
Calculate the output voltage if V1 = V2 = 700 mV.
Solution:
VO1 = 700mV(-500k/250k)
VO1 = -1.4 V
Using KCL
1.4V/100k – 700mV/50k = VO /500k
Answer: 0 V 14 uA – 14 uA = VO/500k
VO = 0V
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Hard
Determine the output voltage vo in the circuit below.
Solution:
@node 1
2mA + (VO-VA)/10k =VA/5k + VA/20k
40 + 2VO – 2VA = 4VA + VA
40 = 7VA – 2VO
@node VO
(VO-VA)/10k + VO/10k = 0
2VO = VA
By substitution
40 = 7 (2VO ) – 2V
Answer : vo = 10/3 V 40 = 12 V
VO = 10/3 or 3.333 V
Page 203

Hard
Calculate vo in the circuit given.
Solution:
VA = 3V (8k / 4k + 8k)
VA = 2V
Vo = 2V ( 5/2 + 1)
Vo = 7 V
Answer: vo = 7V
Page 185

Hard
Obtain io in the instrumentation amplifier circuit
Solution:
VA = 7V (40k / {20k + 40k} )

VA = 14/3 V
(14/3 - Vo )/40k = (6.98- 14/3) / 20k
14/3 - Vo = 13.96 – 28/3
14 - 3VO = 41.88 – 28
VO = 40mV
IO = 40mV/50k
IO = 800 nA
Answer: 800 nA
Page 191

Hard
Calculate ix and vo in the circuit.

Solution:
VO = 4mV (50k/10k + 1)
VO = 24 mV
R = 30||60 + 20
R = 40k Ω
iX = 24mV / 40k
iX = 0.6 uA
Answer: Vo = 12 mV, ix = 0.6 uA
Page 206

Capacitor

Medium
Find the equivalent capacitance seen between terminal a and b of the circuit
Answer: 20 uF
Page 224

Medium
For the circuit in the figure given, find the voltage across each capacitor
Solution:
Ceq = (40+20)||30||20
Ceq = 10mF
QT = 30V *10mF = 0.3 C
V1 = 0.3 / 20mF = 15 V
V2 = 0.3 / 30mF = 10 V
Answer: v1 = 15V, v2 = 10V, v3 = 5V V3 = 30 - 15 - 10 = 5V
Page 225

Medium
Find the voltage across each of the capacitors
Solution:
Ceq = { (30||60)+20 } || 40
Ceq = 20mF
QT = 90V *20uF = 1.8 mC
V1 = 1.8 mC / 40uF = 45 V
V2 = 90 - 45= 45 V
C34 = 20 uF
Q34 = 20 uF * 45V = 900 uC
Answer: v1 = 45V, v2 = 45V, v3 = 15V, v4 = 30V V3 = 900uC/60uF= 15 V
V4 = 900uC/30uF= 30 V
Page 225

Hard
If the switch in the circuit opens at t = 0, find v(t) for t >/= 0
Solution:
V = 24V (12||4 ) / ({12||4} +6)

V = 8V
When t > 0,
RT = 4||12 = 3 Ω
V2 = 90 - 45= 45 V
Answer: 8e-2t V C34 = 20 uF
Q34 = 20 uF * 45V = 900 uC
V3 = 900uC/60uF= 15 V
V4 = 900uC/30uF= 30 V
Page 259

Hard
Refer to the circuit in the figure, Let Vc(0) = 60 V. Determine vc, vx, and io for t >/= 0.
Solution:
RT = (12||6) + 8 = 12 Ω
VC = VC(0)e-t/(1/3)(12)
VC = 60e-0.25t
VX = (60e-0.25t)(4/(4+8))
Answer: vc = 60e-0.25t, vx = 20e-0.25t, io = -5e-0.25t VX = 20e-0.25t
iO = C dV/dt
iO = (1/3 F) (-0.25)(60e-0.25t )
iO = -5e-0.25t
Page 258

Hard
The switch in the circuit has been position A for a long time. At t = 0,
The switch moves to B. Determine v(t) for t > 0 and calculate its value at
T = 1 s and 4 s
Solution:
V(t) = v(∞) + [ v(0) - v(∞) ] e-t/RC

v(0) = 24 (5/{5+8}) = 15V
v(∞) = 30V @ t > 0
V(t) = 30 + (15 - 30) e-t/(4k)(0.5mF)
V(t) = (30 - 15e-0.5t) V
v(1) = (30 - 15e-0.5(1)) V = 20.9 V
v(4) = (30 - 15e-0.5(4)) V = 27.97 V
Answer: v(t) = (30 - 15e-0.5t) V;
v(1) = 20.9 V
v(4) = 27.97 V
Page 277

Hard
Find the step response vo(t) for t > 0 in the op amp circuit. Let vi = 2u(t) V, R1 = 20 kΩ ,
Rf = 50kΩ , R2 = R3 = 10 kΩ , C = 2 uF.
Solution:
VO1 = 2u(t) (-50k/20k) = -5u(t)

vTH = -5u(t) (10k/20k) = -2.5u(t)
RTH = 10k||10k = 5k
vO(t) = -2.5u(t) (1 – e-t/(5k)(2uF) )
vO(t) = -2.5u(t) (1 – e-100t)
vO(t) = 2.5 ( e-100t - 1 ) u(t) V
Answer: vo (t) = 2.5(e-100t – 1) u(t) V
Page 288

Hard
Sketch the output voltage for the circuit in Fig. (a), given the input voltage
in Fig. (b).
Answer:
Page 236

Inductors

Easy
Find the equivalent inductance of the circuit shown
Answer: 18 H
Page 232

Hard
The switch in the circuit of Fig. 7.16 has been closed for a long time. At t = 0,
The switch is opened. Calculate i(t) for t > 0.
Page 263

Hard
For the circuit given, i(t) = 4(2 – e-10t) mA. If i2(0) = - 1 mA,
find: (a) i1(0); (b) v(t), v1(t), and v2(t); (c) i1(t) and i2(t)
Page 233
RC Charging
• Vin – VR – VC = 0 VR = IRR ; IR=IC= C(dVC/dt)
• – RC (dVc/dt) = Vc–Vin
• ∫(dVc/Vc– Vin) = ∫(-dt/RC)
• ln(Vc–Vin) – ln(-Vin) = -t/RC
• ln((Vc–Vin )/-Vin) = -t/RC
• (Vc–Vin )/-Vin = e-t/RC
• Vc–Vin = -Vin e-t/RC
• Vc = Vin-Vin e-t/RC
• Vc = Vin (1 - e-t/RC )

RC Discharging
• – VR – VC = 0 VR = IRR ; IR=IC= C(dVC/dt)
• – RC (dVc/dt) = Vc
• ∫(dVc/Vc) = ∫(-dt/RC) Vo = initial voltage
• ln(Vc) – ln(Vo) = -t/RC
• ln(Vc/Vo) = -t/RC
• Vc/Vo= e-t/RC
• Vc = Voe-t/RC )

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Circuits 1

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Answer : A. going to right

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Answer: Req = 14.4 ohms

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What is the dc source voltage?

For the circuit given below, find the voltages v1 and v2

Answer : V1 = 8V, V2= -12V

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Answer: i1=3A, i2=2A, i3=1A

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Find v1 and v2 in the circuit

Answer: v1=16V, v2=-8v

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Transform the wye network to a delta network

Ra= [(10)(20)+(10)(40)+(20)(40)] / 10 = 140 Ω

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Find the currents and voltages in the circuit shown below.

First solve for node voltage VA

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For the circuit shown below, find v1 and v2

Answer: v1 = 45V, v2 = 60V

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Find R for the circuit given

Answer : R = 2.5 ohms

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Answer = 0V, 3mA

Answer: R = (12/16)(2k) = 1.5k ohms

Introductory Circuit Analysis 10th edition Boylestad

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Introductory Circuit Analysis 10th edition Boylestad

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Note: Req is the total resistance in the given circuit

Answer : Req = 10 ohms , Io = 3.5 A

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Determine vo and i in the circuit shown below

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Find the equivalent resistance Rab in the circuit

Answer: Rab = 24 ohms

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Calculate the equivalent resistance Rab in the circuit

Answer : Rab = 11.2 Ω

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A. the diode is open.

Answer: V12 = 5.65V, V2 = 1.8833V, V4 = 3.7667

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What is the voltage at points B to D in the given circuit?

Find i1 through i4 in the circuit below

Answer: i1 = 4.8 A, i2 = 1.2 A, i3 = 6 A, i4 = 4 A

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Find vo in the given circuit

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Find the current io and voltage vo in the circuit shown below