Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

Class : 9th
Subject : Maths
Chapter : 4
Chapter Name : Linear Equations In Two Variables

Exercise 4.1

Q1 The cost of a notebook is twice the cost of a pen. Write a linear equation in two variables to represent
this statement.
(Take the cost of a notebook to be ₹ x and that of a pen to be ₹ y).

Answer. Let the cost of a notebook and a pen be x and y respectively.

Cost of notebook = 2 x Cost of pen.
x = 2y
.
x − 2y = 0

Page : 68 , Block Name : Exercise 4.1

Q2 Express the following linear equations in the form ax + by + c = 0 and indicate the values of a, b and
c in each case:
¯
¯¯
(i) 2x + 3y = 9.35
y
(ii) x − − 10 = 0
5

(iii) −2x + 3y = 6
(iv) x = 3y
(v) 2x = −5y
(vi) 3x + 2 = 0
(vii) y − 2 = 0
(viii) 5 = 2x
¯
¯¯
Answer. (i) 2x + 3y = 9.35
2x + 3y − 9.35 = 0

 Comparing this equation with ax + by + c = 0

¯
¯¯
a = 2, b = 3, c = −9.35
y
(ii) x − 5
− 10 = 0

 Comparing this equation with ax + by + c = 0

1
a = 1, b = − , c = −10
5

(iii) −2x + 3y = 6
−2x + 3y − 6 = 0

 Comparing this equation with ax + by + c = 0

a = −2, b = 3, c = −6

(iv) x = 3y

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

1x − 3y + 0 = 0

 Comparing this equation with ax + by + c = 0

a = 1, b = −3, c = 0

(v) 2x = −5y
2x + 5y + 0 = 0

 Comparing this equation with ax + by + c = 0 , 

a = 2, b = 5, c = 0

(vi) 3x + 2 = 0
3x + 0. y + 2 = 0

 Comparing this equation with ax + by + c = 0

a = 3, b = 0, c = 2

(vii) y − 2 = 0
0. x + 1. y − 2 = 0

 Comparing this equation with ax + by + c = 0

a = 0, b = 1, c = −2

(viii) 5 = 2x
−2x + 0. y + 5 = 0

 Comparing this equation with ax + by + c = 0

a = −2, b = 0, c = 5

Page : 68 , Block Name : Exercise 4.1

Exercise 4.2

Q1 Which one of the following options is true, and why?

y = 3x + 5 has
(i) a unique solution,
(ii) only two solutions,
(iii) infinitely many solutions

Answer. y = 3x + 5 is a linear equation in two variables and it has infinite possible solutions.
As for every value of x, there will be a value of y satisfying the above equation and
vice-versa.
Hence, the correct answer is (iii).

Page : 70 , Block Name : EXercise 4.2

Q2 Write four solutions for each of the following equations:

(i) 2x + y = 7
(ii) πx + y = 9
(iii) x = 4y

Answer. (i) 2x + y = 7
 For x = 0

2(0) + y = 7

⇒ y = 7

Therefore, (0, 7) is a solution of this equation.

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

 For x = 1

2(1) + y = 7

⇒ y = 5

Therefore, (1, 5) is a solution of this equation.

 For x = −1

2(−1) + y = 7

⇒ y = 9

Therefore, (-1, 9) is a solution of this equation.

 For x = 2

2(2) + y = 7

⇒ y = 3

Therefore, (2, 3) is a solution of this equation.

(ii) nx + y = 9
 For x = 0

π(0) + y = 9

⇒ y = 9

 Therefore, (0, 9) is a solution of this equation. 

 For x = 1

π(1) + y = 9

⇒ y = 9 − π

 Therefore, (1, 9 − π) is a solution of this equation. 

 Therefore, (2, 9 − 2π) is a solution of this equation. 

 For x = −1,

π(−1) + y = 9

⇒ y = 9 + π

⇒ (−1, 9 + π) is a solution of this equation. 

(iii) x = 4y
 For x = 0

0 = 4y

⇒ y = 0

 Therefore, (0, 0) is a solution of this equation. 

 For y = 1

x = 4(1) = 4

 Therefore, (4, 1) is a solution of this equation. 

 For y = −1

x = 4(−1)

⇒ x = −4

 Therefore, (−4, −1) is a solution of this equation. 

\( \begin{array}{c}{\text { For } x=2} \\ {2=4 y} \\ {\quad

 For x = 2

2 = 4y

2 1
y = =
4 2

1
 Therefore, (2, )
2
 is a solution of this equation. 

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

Page : 70 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.2

Q3 Check which of the following are solutions of the equation x – 2y = 4 and which are not:
(i) (0, 2)
(ii) (2, 0)
(iii) (4, 0)
(iv) (√2, 4√2)
(v) (1, 1)

Answer. (i) (0, 2)

 Putting x = 0 and y = 2 in the L.H.S of the given equation, 

x − 2y = 0 − 2 × 2 = −4 ≠ 4

 L.H. 5 ≠  R.H.S 

 Therefore, (0, 2) is not a solution of this equation. 

(ii) (2, 0)
 Putting x = 2 and y = 0 in the L.H.S of the given equation, 

x − 2y = 2 − 2 × 0 = 2 ≠ 4

 L.H. 5 ≠  R.H.S 

 Therefore, (2, 0) is not a solution of this equation. 

(iii) (4, 0)
 Putting x = 4 and y = 0 in the L.H.S of the given equation, 

x − 2y = 4 − 2(0)

= 4 = R.  H.S 

 Therefore, (4, 0) is a solution of this equation. 

(iv) (√2, 4√2)

 Putting x = √2 and y = 4√2 in the L.H.S of the given equation, 

x − 2y = √2 − 2(4√2)

= √2 − 8√2 = −7√2 ≠ 4

 L.H.S  ≠ R. H. S

 Therefore, (√2, 4√2) is not a solution of this equation. 

(v) (1, 1)
 Putting x = 1 and y = 1 in the L.H.S of the given equation, 

x − 2y = 1 − 2(1) = 1 − 2 = −1 ≠ 4

 L. H. S  ≠  R.H.S 

 Therefore, (1, 1) is not a solution of this equation. 

Page : 70 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.2

Q4 Find the value of k, if x = 2, y = 1 is a solution of the equation 2x + 3y = k.

Answer. Putting x = 2 and y = 1 in the given equation,

2x + 3y = k

⇒ 2(2) + 3(1) = k

⇒ 4 + 3 = k

⇒ k = 7

Therefore, the value of k is 7.

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

Page : 70 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.2

Exercise 4.3

Q1 Draw the graph of each of the following linear equations in two variables:
(i) x + y = 4
(ii) x – y = 2
(iii) y = 3x
(iv) 3 = 2x + y

Answer. (i) x + y = 4
It can be observed that x = 0, y = 4 and y = 0 and x =4 , y = 0 are solutions of the above equation.
Therefore. The solution table is as follows.

(ii) x − y = 2
It can be observed that x = 4, y = 2 and x = 2 , y = 0 are solutions of the above equation. Therefore. The
solution table is as follows.

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

(iii) y = 3x
It can be observed that x = -1 , y = -3 and x = 1 , y = 3 are solutions of the above equation. Therefore, the
solution table is as follows.

(iv) 3 = 2x + y
It can be observed that x = 0 , y = 3 and x = 1, y = 1 are solutions of the above equation. Therefore, the
solution table is as follows.

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

Page : 74 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.3

Q2 Give the equations of two lines passing through (2, 14). How many more such lines are there, and
why?

Answer. It can be observed that point (2 , 14) satisfies the equation 7x - y =0 and x - y + 12 = 0.
Therefore, 7x - y = 0 and x - y + 12 = 0 are two lines passing through point (2, 14).
As it is known that through one point, infinite number of lines can pass through, therefore, there are
infinite lines of such type passing through the given point.

Page : 74 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.3

Q3 If the point (3, 4) lies on the graph of the equation 3y = ax + 7, find the value of a.

Answer. Putting x = 3 and y = 4 in the given equation,

3y = ax + 7

3(4) = a(3) + 7

5 = 3a

5
a =
3

Page : 74 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.3

Q4 The taxi fare in a city is as follows: For the first kilometre, the fare is ₹ 8 and for the subsequent
distance it is ₹ 5 per km. Taking the distance covered as x km and total fare as ₹ y, write a linear
equation for this information, and draw its graph.

Answer. Total distance covered = = xkm

Fare for the rest of the distance = Rs8
Fare for the rest of the distance = Rs(x − 1)5
Total fare = Rs [8 + (x − 1)5]

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

y = 8 + 5x − 5

y = 5x + 3

5x − y + 3 = 0

It can be observed that the point (0 , 3) and (− 3

5
, 0) satisfies the above equation, Therefore, these are
the solutions of this equation.

Here, it can be seen that variable x and y are representing the distance covered and
the fare paid for that distance respectively and these quantities may not be negative.
Hence, only those values of x and y which are lying in the 1 quadrant will be considered.
st

Page : 74 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.3

Q5 From the choices given below, choose the equation whose graphs are given in the figures.

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

Answer.
Points on the given line are ( -1 , 1), (0 , 0), and (1, -1).
It can be observed that the coordinates of the point of the graph satisfy the equation x + y= 0. Therefore,
x + y = 0 is the equation corresponding to the graph as shown in the first figure.
Hence, (ii) is the correct answer.

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

Points on the given line are ( -1 , 3) , (0 , 2), and (2 , 0). It can be observed that the coordinates of the
points of the graph satisfy the equation y = - x + 2.
Therefore, y = -x + 2 is the equation corresponding to the graph shown in the second figure.
Hence, (iii) is the correct answer.

Page : 74 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.3

Q6 If the work done by a body on application of a constant force is directly proportional to the distance
travelled by the body, express this in the form of an equation in two variables and draw the graph of the
same by taking the constant force as 5 units. Also read from the graph the work done when the distance
travelled by the body is
(i) 2 units
(ii) 0 unit

Answer. Let the distance travelled and the work done by the body be x and y respectively. Work done ∝
distance travelled
y ∝ x

y = kx

 Where, k is a constant 

If constant force is 5 units, then work done y = 5x

It can be observed that point ( 1, 5 ) and ( -1, -5 ) satisfy the above equation. Therefore, these are the
solutions of this equation. The graph of this equation is constructed as follows.

(i) From the graphs, it can be observed that the value of y corresponding to x = 2 is
10. This implies that the work done by the body is 10 units when the distance
travelled by it is 2 units.
(ii) From the graphs, it can be observed that the value of y corresponding to x = 0 is
0. This implies that the work done by the body is 0 units when the distance travelled

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

by it is 0 unit.

Page : 75 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.3

Q7 Yamini and Fatima, two students of Class IX of a school, together contributed ₹ 100 towards the
Prime Minister’s Relief Fund to help the earthquake victims. Write a linear equation which satisfies this
data. (You may take their contributions as ₹ x and ₹ y.) Draw the graph of the same.

Answer. Let the amount that Yamini and Fatima contributed be x and y respectively towards the Prime
Minister's Relief fund.
Amount contributed by Yamini + Amount contributed by Fatima = 100
x + y = 100
It can be observed that ( 100 , 0 ) and ( 0 , 100) satisfy the above equation, Therefore, these are the
solutions of the above equation. The graph is constructed as follows.

Here, it can be seen that variable x and y are representing the amount contributed
by Yamini and Fatima respectively and these quantities cannot be negative. Hence,
only those values of x and y which are lying in the 1 quadrant will be considered.
st

Page : 75 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.3

Q8 In countries like USA and Canada, temperature is measured in Fahrenheit, whereas in countries like
India, it is measured in Celsius. Here is a linear equation that converts Fahrenheit to Celsius:
9
F = ( ) C + 32
5

(i) Draw the graph of the linear equation above using Celsius for x-axis and Fahrenheit for y-axis.
(ii) If the temperature is 30°C, what is the temperature in Fahrenheit?
(iii) If the temperature is 95°F, what is the temperature in Celsius?
(iv) If the temperature is 0°C, what is the temperature in Fahrenheit and if the temperature is 0°F, what is
the temperature in Celsius?
(v) Is there a temperature which is numerically the same in both Fahrenheit and Celsius? If yes, find it.

9
Answer. (i) F = ( 5
) C + 32

It can be observed that points ( 0 , 32 ) and ( -40 , -40) satisfy the given equation. Therefore, these points
are the solutions of this equation.
The graph of the above equation is constructed as follows.

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

(ii) Temperature = 30 ∘
C
9
F = ( ) C + 32
5

9
F = ( ) 30 + 32 = 54 + 32 = 86
5

Therefore, the temperature in Fahrenheit is 86 ∘

F

(iii) Temperature = 95 F ∘

9
F = ( ) C + 32
5

9
95 = ( ) C + 32
5

9
63 = ( )C
5

C = 35

Therefore, the temperature in Celsius is 35 ∘

C

(iv) F
9
= ( ) C + 32
5

∘
 If C = 0 C,  then 

9
F = ( ) 0 + 32 = 32
5

Therefore, if C = 0 ∘ ∘
C,  then F = 32 F

If F = 0 F, then
∘

9
0 = ( ) C + 32
5

9
( ) C = −32
5

−160
C = = −17.77
9

Therefore, if F = 0 ∘
F,  then C = −17.8 C
∘

(v) F = (
9
) C + 32
5

Here, F = C
9
F = ( ) F + 32
5

9
( − 1) F + 32 = 0
5

4
( ) F = −32
5

F = −40

Yes, there is a temperature, −40 , which is numerically the same in both Fahrenheit and Celsius.
∘

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

Page : 75 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.3

Exercise 4.4

Q1 Give the geometric representations of y = 3 as an equation

(i) in one variable
(ii) in two variables

Answer. In one variable, y = 3 represents a point as shown in following figure.

In two variables, y =3 represents a straight line passing through point ( 0 , 3 ) and parallel to x -axis. It is
a collection of all points of the plane, Having their y-coordinate as 3.

Page : 77 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.4

Q2 Give the geometric representations of 2x + 9 = 0 as an equation

(i) in one variable
(ii) in two variables
−9
Answer. (i) In one variable, 2x + 9 = 0 represents a point x = 2
= −4.5 as shown in the following
figure.

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Book : Mathematics Ncert Solutions | Chapter-4 Maths

(ii) In two variables, 2x + 9 = 0 represents a straight line passing through point (-4.5 , 0) and parallel to
y-axis, It is a collection of all points of the plane, having their x-coordinate as 4.5.

Page : 77 , Block Name : Exercise : 4.4

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