Abstract:

This research report explore the popularity and usage pattern of the face book
among the students of UAJK.We analyse the impact of face book usage on the
academic performance of students.we collected primary data using questionnaire
as a tool.Our sample size was 40 respondents.we collected data from UAJK.To
check the impact of face book usage on the academic performance of students
we used OLS method in SPSS to analyse data.Male and female on average spend
equal time on face book.Facebook use,in general, adversely affecting the
academic performance of students.The social interection with the existing friends
is found the most common use of face book among students.

Keywords:Face book;Academic performance;

Chapter no#01:

Among the vast variety of online tools which are available for communication,
social networking sites have become the most modern and attractive tools for
connecting people throughout the world (Aghazamani, 2010). The first social
networking site was created in 1997 in the name of Sixdegree.com, and now
there are hundreds of social networking sites across the world (Boyd &Ellison,
2007). One of the largest social networking sites like Facebook have become
so popular, especially among students that it reflected many other traditional
features of society. Facebook users share ideas and pictures with friends and
family members. Facebook is also to keep in touch with previous high school
classmates and work mates.It creates new relationships and friendships or
simply a way to unwind with one of the many Facebook applications that
include games and quizzes.

Facebook was launched as a social networking site on 24 February

2004 by Harvard students Mark Zuckerberg, Dustin Moskovitz and Chris
Hughes. Users of the Facebook can create a personal profile, add other users
as friends to send and receive messages that include automatic notifications
when they update their profile.Users may also join common interest groups
which are organized by workplace, school, and other characteristics. The
name of the Facebook stems from the spoken name for the book
given to students at the start of the academic year by university
administrations in the US with the purpose of helping students to get to know
each other better.
Facebook has become so popular especially among students that
without Facebook, student life is almost unthinkable (Deba
tin et al.,2009). Facebook is used at over 2,000 United States colleges and
was ranked as the seventh most popular site on the World Wide Web with
respect to total page views(Ellison et al., 2007). According to Facebook
statisticscollected in 2011, people spend over 700 billion minutes per month
on Facebook, and over 50 percent of members log in daily. All over the world
Facebook offers its services in more than 75 languages.As of December
2011, Facebook has more than 850 million active users including us.
This is the first study of its kind in UAJK focusing on the purpose of the
Facebook usage and its possible impact on the students’ academic
performance.
Objectives:
Following are the main objectives of the study;

I. To check the pattern of facebook usage among students of UAJ&K.

II. To analyze that, wether facebook really effects the educational performance of student.
III. To see is there any gender difference in facebook usage of students.
IV. To asses in students opinion is facebook effects their academic performance.

Review of Literature:
Pempek et al.,(2009) found that students spend approximately
30 minutes on Facebook throughout the day as part of their daily routine.
Facebook was used most often for social communication, mostly with friends
with whom the students had as pre established offline relationship. They
discussed suggestions through the use of social networking sites for the
development of identity and peer relationships.
Aghazamani (2010) studied the students’ motivations for
Facebook usage. A close ended questionnaire was directed to 595 University
students who were recognized as users of the site at Karlstad University in
Sweden. Their results suggest that male spend more time on Facebook than
females. The appraisal showed that undergraduate students login their
Facebook account more times per day than graduate students.

In the study of Kirschner and Karpinski (2010), they found

a significant negative relationship between Facebook use and academic
performance. Facebook users reported lower mean GPAs and reported
spending fewer hours per week studying on average than Facebook
nonusers. A majority of students claimed to use Facebook accounts at least
once day. Similar results are also reported in Vanden Boogart (2006),
Canales et al.,(2009) and Junco (2012)
.
Junco (2011) studied the relationship between Facebook
usage and student engagement, a construct related to positive college
outcomes. Facebook was found negatively correlated with eng
agement scale score and positively correlated with time spent in co
-curricular activities.
Junco (2012) examined the relationship among numerous
measures of frequency of facebook use with time spent preparing for class
and overall GPAs. Hierarchical linear regression analysis showed that time
spent on facebook was strongly and significantly negatively correlated with
overall GPA.
Roblyer et al.,(2010) reported that Facebook have the
potential to become an appreciated source to support students’ educational
communications and associations with faculty. A comparison between faculty
and student responses indicates’ that Pattern of Facebook Usage and its
Impact on Academic Performance22 Students are more open to the possibility
of using Facebook and similar technologies to support classroom work while
Faculty members are more likely to use more traditional technologies such as
email.
 Hargittai (2008)studied a sample of 1,060 students and
found that overall 88% students use social network site, 74% report using at
least one social network site frequently and only one student have not heard
any of the six social network sites included on the survey. Over 12%
respondents do not use any of them. Facebook is the most popular service
among these students, with almost four in five using it, and over half of the
overall sample doing so repeatedly.
Lenhart and Madden (2007) found that youngsters use
social networks for the creation and the maintenance of friendships. 7% o
f the teens were using the Facebook. 22% use social network sites several
times a day, 26% once a day. 49% use social network sites to make new
friends, 91% using to stay in touch with existing friends. Youngsters from
middle and lower income families were more likely to say that they use the
sites to make new friends than higher income teens.
Khan (2009) found that 65 percent of Facebook users
accessed their account daily in several times to see if they had received new
messages. The amount of time spent varied from just a few minutes to more
than an hour on Facebook at each login. The Ohio report shows significant
lower GPAs among students who use Facebook than those who didn’t use the
site. 79 percent students using Facebook believed that the time spent
on site had no impact on their academic performance. According to the
study, teens spend an average of 31 hours a week online.
Ellison et al., (2007) conducted research to examine the
relationship between use of Facebook, and the establishment and
maintenance of social capital and one’s ability to stay linked with members of
a previously settled community.

Chapter No#03:

Methodology is a science of methods including analysis, surveying ,detuction and

inferences. It is an attempt to valuate rational behind the selected design and
provide justification of why it is appropriate and solving selected problem. It is the
process by which we evaluate tools that produce knowledge. The hypothesis of
the study is to test wether face book usage affect the academic performance of
the students of UAJK

3.1) Model Specification:

We have discussed the question that wether face book usage affect the academic
performance of student of UAJK. There are many thing which was important and
has been taken into account to check the impact of face book usage. All the
important variables has taken by keeping in mind that these variables are
corelated , but not highly corelated. Secondly, there is no outlyre in the data.
3.2) Framework Of Analysis:
In the study the time series data is used to analyse the determinants of face book
usage on the academic performance of students of UAJK. To analyse the data for
appropriate results we used (OLS) method and run the linear regression.

Data gathering process

3.3) population area:

The interested area for the research was UAJK. I was interested to check the
academic performance of students that wether it is affected by face book usage.

3.4) sample design:

The study was conducted in the university of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Sample
size was 40 and each of the respondent responded fathfully.Random sampling
technique was used to gather data from the students.

3.5) Information gathering:

Information gathering done through questionnaire
among the students of UAJK.Students who used the face book selected for this
study .the questionnaire was designed and distributed to selected students. To
get the truthful information the students were requested to respond the
questionnaire anonymously. 40 students participated in this survey .All the
students were regular students of UAJK.

ANALYSIS OF MODELS:
3.6) Theoritical Model:
A.P.S= F( FB Usage)

Here ;

A.P.S = academic performance of students

FB = face book.

3.7) Mathematical Model:

A.P.S = β0+β1 ( T.S.FB.IN D)+β2(FB.U.F)+ β3(C.CGPA)+β4(FB .T.W)+β5(E.FB)

Here described variables are as follow:

A.P.S=Educational performance of students. .

T.S.FB.IND= time spend on face book in a day.

FB.U.F= face book used for.

C.CGPA= Current CGPA.

FB.T.W=Face book time waster.

E.FB = Effect of face book

3.8) Econometric Model:

A.P.S = β0+β1 ( T.S.FB.IN D)+β2(FB.U.F)+ β3(C.CGPA)+β4(FB .T.W)+β5(E.FB)+µi

Here;

β0= i parameter

β1…….β5 =slope of the respective variables

µi =stochastic error term.

Chapter No#04:

4.1) Descriptive Analysis Of Data:

Table ≠01:

Descriptive Statistics

N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation

you know what fb is 40 1.00 2.00 1.0250 .15811

how many hours you spend
40 1.00 6.00 3.1750 1.86585
on FB in a day
why you use FB account for 40 1.00 5.00 2.6500 1.57789
educational performance
40 1.00 2.00 1.1750 .38481
before using FB
your current CGPA 40 48.00 89.90 69.0225 8.13159
do you agree that FB is time
40 1.00 4.00 1.9000 1.03280
waster
do you agree that FB effect
your educational 40 1.00 4.00 1.8500 1.07537
performance
Valid N (listwise) 40

The above table shows the description of the various variables .the first variable
shows that total number of respondents are 40 and minimum is 1 and maximum
is 2. The second variable shows that the minimum option is 1 and maximum is 6.
mean is 3.17 and standard deviation is 1.88.
The same interpretation is for other variables described in above table.

4.2) Section (A):Demographic Analysis

Gender: data was collected from both male and female university students.

Table# 02 :

Gender

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Male 16 40.0 40.0 40.0

Valid Female 24 60.0 60.0 100.0

Total 40 100.0 100.0

Table 02 shows that data collected contains 40% male and 60% females .it also
shows that the total respondents are 40.

Age group:
Table #03:

Age

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

18.00 1 2.5 2.5 2.5

19.00 5 12.5 12.5 15.0

20.00 7 17.5 17.5 32.5

21.00 9 22.5 22.5 55.0

Valid 22.00 10 25.0 25.0 80.0

23.00 6 15.0 15.0 95.0

24.00 1 2.5 2.5 97.5

25.00 1 2.5 2.5 100.0

Total 40 100.0 100.0

The above table shows that minimum age of respondent is 18 year and
maximum age is 25 .the number of these respondents is also 1. Maximum
students who respond are 22 aged and these are 10.

Section (B):Analysis Of Research Question

Table #04:

you know what fb is

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Yes 39 97.5 97.5 97.5

Valid No 1 2.5 2.5 100.0

Total 40 100.0 100.0

Table no 04 shows that 97.5% people know about face book and 2.5% people do
not know what face book is.

Table #05:

how many hours you spend on FB in a day

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

30 minuets 8 20.0 20.0 20.0

1 hour 13 32.5 32.5 52.5

1.5 hour 2 5.0 5.0 57.5

Valid 2 hours 7 17.5 17.5 75.0

3 hours 1 2.5 2.5 77.5

4 hours 9 22.5 22.5 100.0

Total 40 100.0 100.0

The above table 05 shows that 2.5% students spend 3 hours on face book in a
day and 32.5 % students spend 1 hour on face book in a day. 22.5% students
spend 4 hours on face book in a day.

Table #06:

educational performance before using FB

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

1st division 33 82.5 82.5 82.5

Valid 2nd division 7 17.5 17.5 100.0

Total 40 100.0 100.0

Table 06 shows that 82.5% students scored first division before using face book
and 17.5% students scored second division before using face book.

Table #07:

your current CGPA

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

48.00 1 2.5 2.5 2.5

50.00 1 2.5 2.5 5.0

56.00 2 5.0 5.0 10.0

58.00 1 2.5 2.5 12.5

64.00 4 10.0 10.0 22.5

65.00 2 5.0 5.0 27.5

66.00 3 7.5 7.5 35.0

67.00 2 5.0 5.0 40.0

68.00 2 5.0 5.0 45.0

69.00 1 2.5 2.5 47.5

Valid
70.00 6 15.0 15.0 62.5

71.00 1 2.5 2.5 65.0

74.00 4 10.0 10.0 75.0

75.00 3 7.5 7.5 82.5

76.00 1 2.5 2.5 85.0

77.00 1 2.5 2.5 87.5

78.00 1 2.5 2.5 90.0

79.00 3 7.5 7.5 97.5

89.90 1 2.5 2.5 100.0

Total 40 100.0 100.0

The above table 07 shows the current educational performance of the students
.the results shows that 12.5% students scored second division and 88.5%
students have scored first division .this shows that this percentage is low than
the percentage of students before using face book. It shows that face book have
not effected the educational performance of students.
Table #08:

do you agree that FB is time waster

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Agree 17 42.5 42.5 42.5

Disagree 16 40.0 40.0 82.5

Valid strongly disagree 1 2.5 2.5 85.0

strongly agree 6 15.0 15.0 100.0

Total 40 100.0 100.0

The above table show that 42.5% agree that face book is time waster and 40%
students disagree that face book is time waster and 15% students strongly
agree that face book is time waster ,and 2.5% strongly disagree that face book
is time waster.

Table #09:

do you agree that FB effect your educational performance

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative

Percent

Agree 20 50.0 50.0 50.0

Disagree 12 30.0 30.0 80.0

Valid strongly disagree 2 5.0 5.0 85.0

strongly agree 6 15.0 15.0 100.0

Total 40 100.0 100.0

The above table 09 shows that 50% students agree that face book affects their
educational performance and 15% students strongly agree that face book
affects their educational performance. 35% students disagree that face book
effects their educational performance.

The important thing here is that, the results of table 07 are totally
against the results in the table .table 09 shows that students agree that face
book effects their educational performance but table 07 shows that face book
do not affect the educational performance of the student.
 Regression’s results

Coefficientsa

Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized t Sig.

Coefficients

B Std. Error Beta

(Constant) -2.651 1.614 -1.643 .110

you know what fb is -.869 .991 -.128 -.877 .387

how many hours you spend

.036 .080 .063 .456 .652
on FB in a day

why you use FB account for .167 .088 .245 1.889 .068

educational performance
1 .373 .407 .133 .916 .367
before using FB

your current CGPA .050 .022 .375 2.261 .031

do you remain inactive in

-.125 .490 -.039 -.254 .801
class

do you agree that FB is time

.636 .146 .611 4.346 .000
waster
The above table shows that the model is statistically insignificant as
the t- values show .the p-values also show that model is not
significant and it shows that the face book usage has no impact on
the educational performance of the students.
The slope coefficient of the variables shows that two variables
are negatively related with the dependent variable .As the slope of
the variable,do you remain inactive in class shows that as the
inactiveness increases by 1 unit the academic performance
decreases by 0.039%. Other variables shows the positive relationship
between dependent and independent variables .As the one variables
slope coefficient shows that 1 unit increase in time spend on face
book increases the academic performance by 0.080%.

Overall summary of model

ANOVAa

Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

Regression 22.134 7 3.162 4.406 .002b

1 Residual 22.966 32 .718

Total 45.100 39

The above table shows the overall fitness of the model ,as the
F-value shows that the model is statistically significant.And P-
values also show that model is statistically significant.
 Model Summary

Mo R R Square Adjusted R Std. Error of the

del Square Estimate

1 .701a .491 .379 .84716

the above table shows the summary of the

model as the R-square value shows that
49% model is good fitted .it also shows that
49% variations in the dependent variable
are explained by the independent
variables.

Chapter #05:

In the present study we analyse the impact of face book usage on the academic
performance of the students of UAJK.We collected primary data using
questionnaire as a tool.Our sample size was 40 respondents.we collected data from
University of Azad Jammu Kashmir.To check the effect of face book usage on the
academic performance of students we used OLS method in computer software
SPSS.Our results shows that the face book usage has negative impact on the
academic performance of the students .As results shows that our model is
statistically significant because our F-Value is greater than 4 and it enable us to
accept the (H1), that face book affects the academic performance of
students.And our P-Value which is (0.002) also shows that model is statistically
significant.The value of adjusted R-Square which is (0.37) shows that 37%
variations in the dependent variable are explained by independent variable.It also
shows hat 37% model is good fitted.

The present study shows that education,time spend in a

day,CGPA and educational performance has positive relationship with dependent
variable.And the variable what fb is and do you remain inactive in class have
negative relationship with dependent.
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