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Matrices For SAT 2

Matrices are rectangular arrays of numbers used to represent linear algebra concepts. A matrix is defined by its order (number of rows and columns) and entries. Basic matrix operations include addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, and multiplication. For matrix multiplication, the number of columns of the first matrix must equal the number of rows of the second matrix. The determinant of a square matrix is a single number that can be calculated from the entries. Matrices have many applications in fields like engineering, science, and economics.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
113 views6 pages

Matrices For SAT 2

Matrices are rectangular arrays of numbers used to represent linear algebra concepts. A matrix is defined by its order (number of rows and columns) and entries. Basic matrix operations include addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, and multiplication. For matrix multiplication, the number of columns of the first matrix must equal the number of rows of the second matrix. The determinant of a square matrix is a single number that can be calculated from the entries. Matrices have many applications in fields like engineering, science, and economics.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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matrices for SAT 2.

notebook May 18, 2017

Aim: What do we know about matrices?
Do now: Solve SAT problems: https://sat.collegeboard.org/practice/practice­test­section­start?
1. practiceTestSectionIDKey=Subject.MATH_LEVEL_2&pageId=practiceSubjectTes
tMathLevel2&header=Mathematics%20Level%202&subHeader=SAT%20Subject
%20Test%20Practice&conversationId=ConversationStateUID_3
2. Each sheep has 4 legs and each chicken has 2 feet. If a 
farm boy counts 50 heads and 140 feet, how many sheep are 
there?

A matrix is: Terminology
• Rectangular array of real numbers • A matrix with m rows and n columns is called a matrix of 
• m rows by n columns order m x n.
• Named using capital letters • A square matrix is a matrix with an equal number of rows 
• First subscript is row, second subscript is column and columns. Since the number of rows and columns are 
the same, it is said to have order n.
• The main diagonal of a square matrix are the elements 
from the upper left to the lower right of the matrix.
• A row matrix is a matrix that has only one row.
• A column matrix is a matrix that has only one column.
• A matrix with only one row or one column is called a vector.

1
matrices for SAT 2.notebook May 18, 2017

TO ADD MATRICES THE SIZES MUST BE THE SAME! 
size of a matrix: [rows x columns]

What is the size of each matrix?

We just add the entries in each spot...

If they aren't the same size, then you won't be able to match  TRY IT:  Add or subtract these, if possible:
up the entries.

You can't do this! Each entry MUST have a partner!

2
matrices for SAT 2.notebook May 18, 2017

Scalar Multiplication Here's another matrix called B:
We can multiply an entire matrix by a scalar.
Let's say we've got a matrix A... and we  Let's find
need to find 2A... 
EASY! You just multiply each entry by 2.

Practice: Multiplication of matrices
The size of the two matrices you are multiplying is super 
important!

Here's how it works:

3
matrices for SAT 2.notebook May 18, 2017

In general: If the size of matrix A is m x n Let's try:


and the size of matrix B is n x p, then

We just do an intersecting 
row and column thing:

Each entry in the answer 
matrix will work like this...

4
matrices for SAT 2.notebook May 18, 2017

Some Basic Matrix Laws 
Assume the orders of the matrices are such that the following 
make sense. 
If  r represent scalar elements and  A , B  and  C  
represent matrices: (Associative law of multiplication) 
1. A(BC) = (AB)C
2. A(B+C) = AB+AC (Distributive law of matrix algebra) 

3. (B+C)A = BA +CA

4. r(AB) = (rA)B = A(rB) (Associative law) 

5. IA = A = AI (I represents the identity matrix)

A determinant (which uses vertical lines instead of brackets)
Identity Matrix:

The determinant of a matrix is a special number that can be 
calculated from a square matrix (# of rows = # of columns).
will give us a number that goes along with the matrix.  
OK, so here's how you get the determinant ­­ it's really easy:
For a 2×2 Matrix

Blue means positive (+ad), Red means negative (­bc)

5
matrices for SAT 2.notebook May 18, 2017

Matrices and a graphing calculator:
http://mathbits.com/MathBits/TISection/PreCalculus/matrices.htm

http://www.math.ku.edu/~porter/Matrices.pdf

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Awxh9PaCIkk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f0pMYK3x1pw !!!!

examples for SAT 2:

https://books.google.com/books?
id=s6vHpuq1U_gC&pg=PA146&lpg=PA146&dq=matrices+and+sat+math
+2&source=bl&ots=pekRyjDwuY&sig=9tuAOojxh4aFZ4lkiG8oBDrh9Nw&hl=en&s
a=X&ei=5Cs5VfW5MuTjsASn0IHQDA&sqi=2&ved=0CEEQ6AEwBA#v=onepage
&q=matrices%20and%20sat%20math%202&f=false

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