Computer Aided Power System Analysis Laboratory [Spring 2017]

Experiment No: 05

Dynamic Analysis of IEEE 14 Bus System

Date of Assignment: 3/04/2017 Date of Submission: 17/04/2017

Evaluated by Marks Obtained

Faculty-In charge Out of [ 20 ]

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 Computer Aided Power System Analysis Laboratory [Spring 2017]

Experiment No: 05

Dynamic Analysis of IEEE 14 Bus system

Objective:

Built an IEEE 14 bus test power system with dynamic data and validate the constructed system
under a single phase fault on a transmission line.

Software: PSS@E

Theory

Fault is the deviation of voltages and currents from nominal values or states. Under normal
operating conditions, power system equipment or lines carry normal voltages and currents which
results in a safer operation of the system. But when fault occurs, it causes excessively high
currents to flow which causes the damage to equipments and devices. Fault detection and
analysis is necessary to select or design suitable switchgear equipments, electro mechanical
relays circuit breakers and other protection devices. There are mainly two types of faults in the
electrical power system. Those are symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults.

Symmetrical faults

These are very severe faults and occur infrequently in the power systems. These are also called
as balanced faults and are of two types namely line to line to line to ground (L-L-L-G) and line
to line to line (L-L-L).Only 2-5 percent of system faults are symmetrical faults. If these faults
occur, system remains balanced but results in severe damage to the electrical power system
equipments. Analysis of these faults is easy and usually carried by per phase basis. Three phase

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 Computer Aided Power System Analysis Laboratory [Spring 2017]

fault analysis or information is required for selecting set-phase relays, rupturing capacity of the
circuit breakers and rating of the protective switchgear.

Unsymmetrical faults

These are very common and less severe than symmetrical faults. There are mainly three types
namely line to ground (L-G), line to line (L-L) and double line to ground (LL-G) faults.Line to
ground fault (L-G) is most common fault and 65-70 percent of faults are of this type.It causes the
conductor to make contact with earth or ground. 15 to 20 percent of faults are double line to
ground and causes the two conductors to make contact with ground. Line to line faults occur
when two conductors make contact with each other mainly while swinging of lines due to winds
and 5- 10 percent of the faults are of this type. These are also called unbalanced faults since their
occurrence causes unbalance in the system. Unbalance of the system means that that impedance
values are different in each phase causing unbalance current to flow in the phases. These are
more difficult to analyze and are carried by per phase basis similar to three phase balanced faults.

Procedure:
 Open raw file of IEEE 14 bus system and save the .sav file.
 Enter the sequence data and perform load flow.
 Convert loads & generators and save a .cnv file.
 Open the dynamic file and solve for switching.
 Go to dynamics tab and then to channel setup wizard, select required plots.
 Perform the simulation, open the .cnv file and save .out extension file.
 Open .out file to observe the channel plots.
 Enter the initial time and initialise it, and then give the pre fault time and run.
 Then create fault by using disturbance tab and then again simulate it with fault time.
 Clear the fault and then run it up to simulation time.
 Observe the plots for different types of faults and note down the results.

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IEEE 14 Bus Dynamic Data:

Table 1: Generator data.

GENROU DATA BUS 1 (615 MVA) BUS 2 (60 BUS 3 (60 BUS 6 (25 BUS 8 (25
MVA) MVA) MVA) MVA)
T'do (> 0) 6.84 6.84 6.84 6.84
T''do (> 0) 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
T'qo (> 0) 1 1 1 1 1
T''qo (> 0) 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
H, Inertia 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6
D 0 0 0 0 0
Xd 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97 1.97
Xq 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.89
X'd 0.3027 0.3027 0.3027 0.3027 0.3027
X'q 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49
X''d = X''q 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Xl 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09
S(1.0) 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
S(1.2) 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Table 2: Exciter data.

IEEET1 DATA BUS 1 BUS 2 BUS 3 BUS 6 BUS 2
(615 MVA) (60 MVA) (60 MVA) (25 MVA) (60 MVA)
TR (sec) 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
KA 200 200 200 200 200
TA (sec) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
VRMAX or zero 5.88 5.88 5.88 5.88 5.88
VRMIN -5 -5 -5 -5 -5
KE or zero 1 1 1 1 1
TE (>0)(sec) 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
KF 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15
TF(>0)(sec) 1 1 1 1 1
Switch=0 0 0 0 0 0
E1 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23 3.23
SE(E1) 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09
E2 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3
SE(E2) 0.368 0.368 0.368 0.368 0.368

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Table 3: Turbine data.

GAST DATA BUS 1 (615 BUS 2(60 BUS 3(60 BUS 6(25 BUS 2(60
MVA) MVA) MVA) MVA) MVA)
R (Speed Droop) 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04
T1 (> 0) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
T2 (> 0) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
T3 (>0) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Ambient Temperature Load 1 1 1 1 1
Limit
KT 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
VMAX 1 1 1 1 1
VMIN 0 0 0 0 0
Dturb 0 0 0 0 0

Table 4: Stabilizer data.

IEEEST DATA BUS 1 (615 BUS 2(60 BUS 3(60 BUS 6(25 BUS 2(60
MVA) MVA) MVA) MVA) MVA)
A1 0 0 0 0 0
A2 0 0 0 0 0
A3 0 0 0 0 0
A4 0 0 0 0 0
A5 0 0 0 0 0
A6 0 0 0 0 0
T1 1.7225 1.7225 1.7225 1.7225 1.7225
T2 3 3 3 3 3
T3 0.0453 0.0453 0.0453 0.0453 0.0453
T4 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
T5 (if equal to 0, sT5 will equal 3 3 3 3 3
1.0)
T6 (>= 0) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
KS -1.4741 -1.4741 -1.4741 -1.4741 -1.4741
LSMAX 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
LSMIN -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1
VCU (p.u.)(if equal to 0, 0 0 0 0 0
ignored.)
VCL (p.u.)(if equal to 0, 0 0 0 0 0
ignored.)

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Time domain plots of 14 Bus Power System

LG fault: 0.00-2.00 secs---prefault duration

2.00-2.08 secs---fault duration
2.08-5.00 secs---post fault duration

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LG fault: 0.00-2.00 secs---prefault duration

2.00-2.08 secs---fault duration
2.08-5.00 secs---post fault duration

LG fault: 0.00-2.00 secs---prefault duration

2.00-2.08 secs---fault duration
2.08-5.00 secs---post fault duration

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LG fault: 0.00-2.00 secs---prefault duration

2.00-2.08 secs---fault duration
2.08-5.00 secs---post fault duration

Observations:
 Simulated the single line to ground fault for the IEEE 14 bus system.
 At pre fault duration both voltage and current are constant .
 During the fault condition the voltage collapses and the current rises suddenly in that
period of time.
 During post fault conditions the voltage and current tries to attain the steady state same as
the pre fault condition state.

RESULT:
I have successfully simulated the single line to ground fault for the IEEE 14 bus system and
obtained the time domain plots.

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