0% found this document useful (0 votes)
22 views4 pages

Lutfia Eka Arianti Xii Multimedia 1

Download as doc, pdf, or txt
Download as doc, pdf, or txt
Download as doc, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1/ 4

LUTFIA EKA ARIANTI XII MULTIMEDIA 1

An example abstract from a chemistry report

ABSTRACT

In this experiment, chromatography was Description aim/


used to analyse amino acids in solution. objective
Standards were used to identify unknown
amino acids in a mixture. Ascending layer Method
chromatography with an isopropanol-based
solvent was used to separate the amino
acids, which were then detected with Results
ninhydrin. The unknown mixture analysed
was found to contain aspartate and
histidine. It was observed that hydrophobic
amino acids were most mobile. This Conclusion
technique was shown to be an effective
way of analysing unknown mixtures of
amino acids. A mechanism for ninhydrin Further
binding to amino acids is proposed, based conclusion
on observations from this experiment.

An example of an abstract from a biology report


Footnote

Many plants in Australia have their seeds Background


buried in order for the species to survive Information
fires. The seeds start to germinate under the
soil at certain temperatures. Seeds of Outline of what was
Acacia terminalis and Dillwynia floribunda investigated in this
were examined in this experiment. It was experiment
hypothesised that the seeds need heat for Hypothesis
the germination to start.Seeds of the two
species were treated in hot and cold water Summary of Method
and left to start germinating. Acacia
terminalis showed a significant response in Summary of Results
germination after the hot water treatment
while Dillwynia floribunda did not. Neither
seed showed a response in germination
after cold water treatment.The results for
Dillwynia floribunda were unexpected but Summary of
may be explained by factors such as water Discussion
temperature and the length of time the
seeds remained in the heated water.

REFERENCES:

Altrichter, H., Feldman, A., Posch, P. & Somekh, B. (2008). Teachers investigate their work;
An introduction to action research across the professions. London: Routledge. p. 147. (2nd
edition).

Bell, J. (2005) Doing Your Research Project, Berkshire: Open University Press/McGraw-Hill
Education

Cohen, L.,& Manion, L. (2000). Research methods in education. London: Routledge. p. 254.
(5th edition).

Greenfield, T. (2002) Research Methods for Postgraduates, London: Arnold

Kirby, M., Konbel., F., Barter, J., Hope, T., Kirton, D., Madry, N., Manning, P., Trigges, K.
(2000) Sociology in Perspective, Oxford: Heinnemann

METHODOLOGY:

Participants
There were 30 male participants. They were recruited by advertisement in a newspaper and
were paid $4.50.
Instruments
A "shock generator" was used to trick the participants into thinking that they were giving an
electric shock to another person in another room. The shock generator had switches labeled
with different voltages, starting at 30 volts and increasing in 15-volt increments all the way
up to 450 volts. The switches were also labeled with terms which reminded the participant of
how dangerous the shocks were.
Procedures
The participant met another "participant" in the waiting room before the experiment. The
other "participant" was an actor. Each participant got the role as a "teacher" who would then
deliver a shock to the actor ("learner") every time an incorrect answer to a question was
produced. The participant believed that he was delivering real shocks to the learner.
The learner would pretend to be shocked. As the experiment progressed, the teacher would
hear the learner plead to be released and complain about a heart condition. Once the 300-volt
level had been reached, the learner banged on the wall and demanded to be released. Beyond
this point, the learner became completely silent and refused to answer any more questions.
The experimenter then instructed the participant to treat this silence as an incorrect response
and deliver a further shock.
When asking the experimenter if they should stop, they were instructed to continue.

GLOSSARY

S
search engine: a computer program used for searching for information on the internet

semantic prosody: the way in which words that seem neutral can acquire positive or negative
associations through frequent occurrences with particular collocations. For example, the phrasal
verb set in co-occurs frequently with nouns that have a negative meaning, giving it a negative
semantic prosody.

semantics: the study of words and their meanings

sense: one of the individual meanings of a word or phrase which has several different meanings.
Dictionary entries for words with more than one meaning are divided into senses.

Sketch Engine: a software package developed by Lexical Computing Limited, used for analysing the
language in a corpus. The Sketch Engine includes tools for creating concordances and Word
Sketches.
source language: see bilingual dictionary
stress mark: a mark that shows which part of a word is pronounced with more emphasis

style and attitude label: a label such as 'formal', 'spoken', or 'showing disapproval', which is used to
indicate that a word is normally used when someone is writing or speaking in a particular style, or
showing a particular attitude
subject label: a label such as 'legal' or 'medical' which is used to indicate that a word belongs to the
specialized language of a particular subject, and is not normally used in everyday English

subsense: a meaning that is very closely related to another meaning, and is therefore shown in the
same sense as it

suffix: a group of letters added to the end of a word to make a different word

You might also like