MTH243 Solutions to Homework 22 Fall 2005

Multivariable Calculus — MTH 243, sections 1 & 3

(total: 16 problems)

RR
12.4, #9. Evaluate the given integral D
xy dA, where D is the disk with center the origin
and radius 3, by changing to polar coordinates.
Solution.
Z2π Z3 Z3 Z2π
I= dθ r 2 cos θ sin θ rdr = r 3 dr × cos θ sin θ dθ = 0 ,
0 0 0 0

because
Z2π Z2π
1 1 1
cos θ sin θ dθ = d(sin2 θ) = sin2 2π − sin2 0 = 0 .
2 2 2
0 0

RR
12.4, #10. Evaluate the given integral R
(x + y) dA, where R is the region that lies to the
left of the y-axis between the circles x + y = 1 and x2 + y 2 = 4.
2 2

Solution.
3π/2
Z Z2 3π/2
Z Z2
I = dθ (r cos θ + r sin θ) rdr = (cos θ + sin θ) dθ × r 2 dr
π/2 1 π/2 1
r=2
θ=3π/2 r 3  7 14
= [sin θ − cos θ]θ=π/2 ×  = −2 × = − ≈ −4.6666 .
3 r=1 3 3

RR
12.4, #11. Evaluate the given integral R
cos(x2 + y 2 ) dA, where R is the region that lies
above the x-axis within the circle x2 + y 2 = 9.
Solution.
Zπ Z3 Z3
1 π
dθ cos(r 2 ) rdr = π d sin(r 2 ) = sin 9 .
2 2
0 0 0

RR p
12.4, #12. Evaluate the given integral R
4 − x2 − y 2 dA, where R = {(x, y) | x2 + y 2 ≤
4, x ≥ 0}.
Solution.
Zπ/2 Z2 √ Z2 √
π π u=4 8π
dθ 4 − r 2 rdr = 4 − r 2 dr 2 = − (4 − u)3/2  = ≈ 8.3777 .

2 3 u=0 3
−π/2 0 0

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MTH243 Solutions to Homework 22 Fall 2005

RR
12.4, #13. Evaluate the given integral R
arctan(y/x) dA, where R = {(x, y) | 1 ≤ x2 + y 2 ≤
4, 0 ≤ y ≤ x}.
Solution. In new variables x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ, the region of integration becomes
R = {(r, θ) | 1 ≤ r ≤ 2, 0 ≤ r sin θ ≤ r cos θ}, which is equivalent to R = {(r, θ) | 1 ≤ r ≤
2, 0 ≤ θ ≤ π/4}. Then
Zπ/4 Z2 Zπ/4 Z2
3π 2
ZZ
arctan(y/x) dA = dθ r dr arctan(tan θ) = θ dθ r dr = ≈ 0.4626 .
64
R 0 1 0 1

y ex dA, where R is the region in the first quadrant

RR
12.4, #14. Evaluate the given integral R
enclosed by the circle x2 + y 2 = 25.
Solution.
ZZ Zπ/2 Zr Zr Zπ/2
x r cos θ
= − r dr d er cos θ


y e dA = dθ r dr r sin θ e
R 0 0 0 0
Zr r=5
r2

23
= − r dr [1 − er ] = − r e r + er = − 4 e5 ≈ −582.1526364 .
2 r=0 2
0

12.4, #15. Use polar coordinates to find the volume of the given solid under the cone z =
p
x2 + y 2 and above the disk x2 + y 2 ≤ 4.
Solution.
Z2π Z2 3 r=2

r 16π
ZZ p
V = x2 + y 2 dA = dθ r dr r = 2π  = ≈ 16.755 .
3 r=0 3
D 0 0

12.4, #16. Use polar coordinates to find the volume of the given solid below the paraboloid
z = 18 − 2x2 − 2y 2 and above the xy-plane.
Solution.
ZZ Z2π Z3 Z3
V = (18 − 2x2 − 2y 2 ) dA = dθ r dr (18 − 2r 2 ) = 4π (9r − r 3 ) dr
D 0 0 0
2 4 r=3
 
9r r
= 4π − = 81π .
2 4 r=0

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MTH243 Solutions to Homework 22 Fall 2005

12.4, #17. Use polar coordinates to find the volume of a sphere of radius a.
Solution. Because of the symmetry, we can find the volume of the half of the sphere and then
double the result:
Z2π Za r=a
r 3  4π 3
2 dθ r dr r = 4π  = a .
3 r=0 3
0 0

12.4, #18. Use polar coordinates to find the volume of the given solid inside the sphere
x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 16 and outside the cylinder x2 + y 2 = 4.
Solution.
Z2π Z4 √ Z16 u=16
√
√ 2π 
3/2 
dθ r dr 16 − r2 =π 16 − u du = − (16 − u)  = 16π 3 ≈ 87.062369 .
2 u=4
0 2 4

12.4,
p #19. Use polar coordinates to find the volume of the given solid above the cone z =
x + y 2 and below the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1.
2

Solution. The required volume, V , is the difference of volumes below the sphere and below
the cone: ZZ p ZZ p
V = 1 − x2 − y 2 dA − x2 + y 2 dA ,
D D
p
where D is the domain of integration, which we find by substituting z = √x2 + y 2 into the
equation of sphere. So D = {(x, y) | x2 + y 2 ≤ 21 } is the disk of radius 1/ 2. Using polar
coordinates, we obtain
√ √
Z2π 1/
Z 2 Z2π 1/
Z 2
√
V = dθ 1 − r 2 rdr − dθ r 2 dr
0 0 0 0
√
Z 2
1/ √
√ 3 r=1/ 2

r  2π 
√
2 2 3/2 3 r=1/ 2

= π 1 − d(r ) − 2π r2 = −(1 − r ) − r r=0
3 r=0 3
0
"  
3/2  3/2 #   √
2π 1 1 2π 1 2π( 2 − 1)
= − +1− = 1− √ = √ ≈ 0.61343 .
3 2 2 3 2 3 2

12.4, #20. Use polar coordinates to find the volume of the given solid bounded by the
paraboloid z = 1 + 2x2 + 2y 2 and the plane z = 7 in the first quadrant.

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MTH243 Solutions to Homework 22 Fall 2005

Solution.
√ The paraboloid and the plane z = 7 intersect along the circle 7 = 1 + 2x2 + 2y 2 with
radius 3. Hence
√
Zπ/2 Z 3  2  √
4 r= 3
π r r
V = dθ r dr (1 + 2r 2 ) = + = 3π .
2 2 2 r=0
0 0

R3 R √9−x2
12.4, #25. Evaluate the iterated integral −3
dx 0
sin(x2 + y 2 ) dy by converting to polar
coordinates.
Solution.
Zπ Z3 Z9
π π
dθ r dr sin(r 2 ) = sin u du = (1 − cos 9) .
2 2
0 0 0

√
Ra R0
12.4, #26. Evaluate the iterated integral 0
dy − a2 −y 2
x2 y dx by converting to polar coordi-
nates.
Solution. The region of integration is the second quadrant, so
Zπ Za Zπ Za Zπ
a5
I = dθ r dr r 3 cos2 θ sin θ = cos2 θ sin θ dθ r 4 dr = − cos2 θ d(cos θ)
5
π/2 0 π/2 0 π/2
θ=π
a5 3 
 a5
= − cos θ  = .
15 θ=π/2 15

R1 R √2−y2
12.4, #27. Evaluate the iterated integral 0
dy y
(x + y) dx by converting to polar coor-
dinates.
Solution. The region of integration is the first half of the first quadrant, so
√
Zπ/4 Z 2 √ Zπ/4 √
2 2 2 2 2
I= dθ r dr(sin θ + cos θ) = (sin θ + cos θ) dθ = ≈ 0.9428 .
3 3
0 0 0

R2 R √2x−x2 p
12.4, #28. Evaluate the iterated integral 0
dx 0
x2 + y 2 dy by converting to polar
coordinates.
Solution. The region of integration is the upper part of the disk (x − 1)2 + y 2 ≤ 1. Using
substitution x = r cos θ, y = r sin θ, we obtain the region of integration to be {(r, θ) | 0 ≤ r ≤

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MTH243 Solutions to Homework 22 Fall 2005

2 cos θ, 0 ≤ θ ≤ π/4}. Then

Zπ/4 2Zcos θ Zπ/4

θ=π/4

2 1 3 8 2 20
I= dθ r dr = (2 cos θ) dθ = cos θ sin θ + 2 sin θ  = √ .
3 9 θ=0 9 2
0 0 0