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A Study On A Control Method With A Ventilation Requirement of A VAV System in Multi-Zone

The document discusses control methods for variable air volume (VAV) systems in multi-zone buildings. It proposes a control method that considers ventilation requirements for both the VAV terminal units and air handling unit (AHU) based on indoor CO2 concentration. The proposed method was compared to conventional control through simulation, and was found to satisfy indoor temperature, air quality, and stratification conditions while reducing energy consumption.

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59 views3 pages

A Study On A Control Method With A Ventilation Requirement of A VAV System in Multi-Zone

The document discusses control methods for variable air volume (VAV) systems in multi-zone buildings. It proposes a control method that considers ventilation requirements for both the VAV terminal units and air handling unit (AHU) based on indoor CO2 concentration. The proposed method was compared to conventional control through simulation, and was found to satisfy indoor temperature, air quality, and stratification conditions while reducing energy consumption.

Uploaded by

psn_kylm
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A Study on a Control Method with a Ventilation

Requirement of a VAV System in Multi-Zone


The objective of this study was to propose a control method with a ventilation requirement of
variable air volume (VAV) system in multi-zone. In order to control the VAV system in multi-
zone, it is essential to control the terminal unit installed in each zone. A VAV terminal unit
with conventional control method using a fixed minimum air flow can cause indoor air quality
(IAQ) issues depending on the variation in the number of occupants. This research proposes
a control method with a ventilation requirement of the VAV terminal unit and AHU in multi-
zone. The integrated control method with an air flow increase model in the VAV terminal unit,
AHU, and outdoor air intake rate increase model in the AHU was based on the indoor CO2
concentration. The conventional and proposed control algorithms were compared through a
TRNSYS simulation program. The proposed VAV terminal unit control method satisfies all
the conditions of indoor temperature, IAQ, and stratification. An energy comparison with the
conventional control method showed that the method satisfies not only the indoor thermal
comfort, IAQ, and stratification issue, but also reduces the energy consumption.

All-Air Central Systems


General
All-Air Central Systems supply the latent and sensible cooling capacity with cold air ducted
to the conditioned space. Heating is accomplished by the same airstream, either in the
central system or in each zone controlled by a thermostat. The simplest all-air central system
in a single duct, single zone system

Some of the all-air central system advantages are:


 Maintenance is performed in unoccupied areas, since major equipment is centrally
located.
 No drain piping or power wiring or compressors are located in occupied areas.

 Systems can include options such as air-side economizer, heat recovery, winter
humidification, and large outside air volumes, where required.

 Good choice where close zone temperature and humidity control is required.

 Simple seasonal changeover

 Simultaneous cooling and heating in various zones.


Some of the all-air central system's disadvantages are:
 Duct space may add to the building height and vertical air shafts detract from usable
space.

 Large systems may be difficult to air balance.

 May encounter perimeter zone cold spots in cold climates where only air is used to
heat.

 Close coordination is needed between designers and installers to assure accessibility


to terminal units.

All-air systems fall into two general categories - constant volume and variable air volume
(VAV). Constant air volume systems accomplish cooling and heating by varying the supply
air temperature and keeping the air volume constant.

VAV systems keep the


air temperature
constant and vary the
air supply volume. VAV
systems are easy to
control, are energy
efficient, and allow
fairly good room
control. A drawback is
possible poor ventilation under low load conditions, and humidity control is difficult under
widely varying latent loads.
There are a number of VAV variations:
 Simple VAV applies to cooling only with no requirement for simultaneous heating and
cooling in different zones, such as the interior zone of an office building. Air volume
can be varied by fan volume control, fan bypass, or diverting excess air into the
return air ceiling plenum.

 VAV Reheat or Dual Duct sequences reheat or blending in each zone after throttling
the zone air supply. It can be used for both perimeter and interior zones.

 VAV with independent perimeter system typically supplies VAV to the interior zones
and supplies ventilation air to the perimeter in conjunction with a constant volume
perimeter system. This perimeter system is indoor/outdoor temperature scheduled to
offset the skin loss. In some buildings a hydronic or electric perimeter system
provides heating only to offset the winter transmission losses; the VAV system
handles the cooling load in all zones year-round.
 VAV with Constant Zone Volume uses fan-powered terminals to maintain minimum or
constant air volume to the zone while the supply air to the zone boxes is varied. This
system is useful in zones with a large internal load variation, such as conference
rooms, and ensures air circulation in occupied spaces during reduced load periods. It
is sometimes combined with terminal reheat.

 VAV with Economizer Cycle reduces chiller power requirements by using outside air
when its enthalpy is lower than that of the return air and dumps the return air. While
this design increases first cost and requires larger outside air intake and exhaust
ducts, it reduces energy requirements, except in humid areas where such favorable
conditions rarely occur, such as the southeastern U.S. thermostat. The simplest all-
air central system in a single duct, single zone system.

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