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This document outlines the key topics covered in a physics curriculum, organized into 8 sections: 1) Mathematical physics concepts like vector spaces, matrices, and tensor analysis. 2) Classical mechanics principles including Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics, central forces, and relativity. 3) Electromagnetic theory including Maxwell's equations, electromagnetic waves, and radiation. 4) Quantum mechanics postulates, the Schrodinger equation, angular momentum, perturbation theory, and scattering. 5) Thermodynamics and statistical physics laws, ensembles, phase transitions, and Bose-Einstein condensation.

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74 views2 pages

Gate PDF

This document outlines the key topics covered in a physics curriculum, organized into 8 sections: 1) Mathematical physics concepts like vector spaces, matrices, and tensor analysis. 2) Classical mechanics principles including Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics, central forces, and relativity. 3) Electromagnetic theory including Maxwell's equations, electromagnetic waves, and radiation. 4) Quantum mechanics postulates, the Schrodinger equation, angular momentum, perturbation theory, and scattering. 5) Thermodynamics and statistical physics laws, ensembles, phase transitions, and Bose-Einstein condensation.

Uploaded by

sachin rawat
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PH: PHYSICS

Section 1: Mathematical Physics


Linear vector space: basis, orthogonality and completeness; matrices; vector calculus; linear differential
equations; elements of complex analysis: Cauchy- Riemann conditions, Cauchy’s theorems,
singularities, residue theorem and applications; Laplace transforms, Fourier analysis; elementary ideas
about tensors: covariant and contravariant tensor, Levi-Civita and Christoffel symbols.
Section 2: Classical Mechanics
D’Alembert’s principle, cyclic coordinates, variational principle, Lagrange’s equation of motion, central
force and scattering problems, rigid body motion; small oscillations, Hamilton’s formalisms; Poisson
bracket; special theory of relativity: Lorentz transformations, relativistic kinematics, mass‐energy
equivalence.
Section 3: Electromagnetic Theory
Solutions of electrostatic and magnetostatic problems including boundary value problems; dielectrics
and conductors; Maxwell’s equations; scalar and vector potentials; Coulomb and Lorentz gauges;
Electromagnetic waves and their reflection, refraction, interference, diffraction and polarization;
Poynting vector, Poynting theorem, energy and momentum of electromagnetic waves; radiation from a
moving charge.
Section 4: Quantum Mechanics
Postulates of quantum mechanics; uncertainty principle; Schrodinger equation; one-, two- and three-
dimensional potential problems; particle in a box, transmission through one dimensional potential
barriers, harmonic oscillator, hydrogen atom; linear vectors and operators in Hilbert space; angular
momentum and spin; addition of angular momenta; time independent perturbation theory; elementary
scattering theory.
Section 5: Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
Laws of thermodynamics; macrostates and microstates; phase space; ensembles; partition function, free
energy, calculation of thermodynamic quantities; classical and quantum statistics; degenerate Fermi gas;
black body radiation and Planck’s distribution law; Bose‐Einstein condensation; first and second order
phase transitions, phase equilibria, critical point.
Section 6: Atomic and Molecular Physics
Spectra of one‐ and many‐electron atoms; LS and jj coupling; hyperfine structure; Zeeman and Stark
effects; electric dipole transitions and selection rules; rotational and vibrational spectra of diatomic
molecules; electronic transition in diatomic molecules, Franck‐Condon principle; Raman effect; NMR,
ESR, X-ray spectra; lasers: Einstein coefficients, population inversion, two and three level systems.
Section 7: Solid State Physics & Electronics
Elements of crystallography; diffraction methods for structure determination; bonding in solids; lattice
vibrations and thermal properties of solids; free electron theory; band theory of solids: nearly free
electron and tight binding models; metals, semiconductors and insulators; conductivity, mobility and
effective mass; optical, dielectric and magnetic properties of solids; elements of superconductivity:
Type-I and Type II superconductors, Meissner effect, London equation.
Semiconductor devices: diodes, Bipolar Junction Transistors, Field Effect Transistors; operational
amplifiers: negative feedback circuits, active filters and oscillators; regulated power supplies; basic
digital logic circuits, sequential circuits, flip‐flops, counters, registers, A/D and D/A conversion.
Section 8: Nuclear and Particle Physics
Nuclear radii and charge distributions, nuclear binding energy, Electric and magnetic moments; nuclear
models, liquid drop model: semi‐empirical mass formula, Fermi gas model of nucleus, nuclear shell
model; nuclear force and two nucleon problem; alpha decay, beta‐decay, electromagnetic transitions in
nuclei; Rutherford scattering, nuclear reactions, conservation laws; fission and fusion; particle
accelerators and detectors; elementary particles, photons, baryons, mesons and leptons; quark model.

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