L.3.1.

EVAPORATOR – 01 (EV-01)
Fungsi : Memisahkan produk keluaran Accumulator-02 (ACC-02)
Tipe : Long Tube Recirculation Evaporator
Bahan Konstruksi : Stainlees Steel 410
Jumlah : Satu (1)
Gambar :

1. DESAIN PIPA UNTUK FLUIDA PANAS

Fluida Panas : Saturated Steam
W = 38,9603 kg/jam = 85,8926 lb/jam
T1 = 350oC = 662oF
T2 = 350oC = 662oF

Fluida Dingin : Produk ACC-01

w = 4482,3590 kg/jam = 9881,8983 lb/jam
t1 = 121 oC = 249,8 oF
t2 = 121 oC = 249,8 oF

Perhitungan:
a. Beban Panas EV-01
Q = 34.904,5048 kJ/jam
= 33.083,5717 Btu/jam
b. LMTD
Fluida Panas (oF) Fluida Dingin (oF) Selisih
662 Suhu tinggi 172,6954 489,3046
662 Suhu rendah 172,6954 489,3046
Selisih 0
 T2 - T1
LMTD (ΔT) =
ln(T2 /T1 )

(Kern, 1950)
= 489,3046

c. Tc = 662oF
tc = 172,6954oF

- Asumsi UD = 50 Btu/hr.ft2.oF
Q
A =
(U D .T )
33.083,5717 Btu/jam
= 50 Btu / hr. ft 2.oF  489,3046 oF

= 1,3523 ft2
Karena A< 200 ft2, maka dipilih jenis Long Tube Recirculation Evaporator
- Rencana Klasifikasi
Dari Tabel.10 Kern didapat spesifikasi data :
Rencana Klasifikasi
Data Pipa Annulus Inner Pipe
IPS (in) 3 1 1/2
SN 40 40
OD (in) 3,5 1,9
ID (in) 3,068 1,61
a” (ft2/ft) 0,917 0,498

FLUIDA PANAS : Annulus

d. Flow Area, aa
D2 = 3,068 inch = 0,2557 ft
D1 = 1,61 inch = 0,1342 ft

aa = (D22 – D12)
4

= (0,25572 – 0,13422)
4
= 0,0372 ft2
Equivalent Diameter
 De =
D 2
2
 D1
2

D1
= 0,3530 ft

e. Kecepatan Massa, Ga
Ga = W/aa
85,8926
= 0,3530

= 1.047,845 lb/hr.ft2
Pada T = 662oF
μ = 0,0224 lb/ft.hr
Rea = De.Ga/μ
=
= 6.819,4152
JH = 20 (Fig. 28, Shell-side heat transfer curve)
k = 0,0285 Btu/hr.ft2(oF/ft)
c = 0,4843 Btu/lb.oF
1
 c  3

  = 0,9735
 k 

c. Koefisien perpindahan panas

0 ,14
  
1
k  c  3

ho = JH    
De  k   w 
0,0285
= 20 x 0,3530 x 0,9735 x 1

= 1,5706 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

FLUIDA DINGIN: Inner Pipe

a. Flow Area, ap
D = 1,61 inch = 0,1342 ft

ap = D2
4

= (0,1342 ft)2
4
 = 0,0104 ft2

b. Kecepatan Massa, Gp
Gp = w/ap
=
= 264.205,0594 lb/hr.ft2

Pada 251,6 oF
μ = 0,4464 lb/hr ft
Rep = D.Gp/μ
=
= 32.811,2239
JH = 100 (Fig. 24, Tube-side heat transfer curve)
k = 0,1253 Btu/hr.ft2(oF/ft)
c = 0,5978 Btu/lb.oF
1
 c  3

  = 1,7276
 k 

c. Koefisien Perpindahan Panas

0 ,14
  
1
k  c  3

hi = JH    
De  k   w 

= 100 x x 1,7276 x 1
= 161,2897 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

Koreksi hi pada permukaan OD

hio = hi x ID/OD
1,61
= 161,2897 Btu/hr.ft2.oF x 1,9 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

= 136,6718 Btu/jam ft2 oF

d. Clean Overall Coefficient, UC

hio  ho
UC = hio  ho

=
= 1,5528 Btu/hr.ft2.oF
e. Design Overall Coefficient, UD
1 1
  Rd
UD UC

Rd diasumsikan 0,003

UD = 1,5456 Btu/hr.ft2.oF

f. Required Surface
Q
A =
U D  t

=
= 46,1550 ft2
Required length = = 92,6806 ft
Diambil panjang 1 hairpin = 20 ft, maka jumlah hairpin yang dibutuhkan 1 buah
Actually Length = Jumlah hairpin x panjang hairpin x 2
= 120 ft
Actually surface = L x a” = 120 x 0,4980
= 59,7600 ft2

g. Dirt Factor, Rd
Q
UD = A  t

= 1,1937 Btu/hr.ft2.oF
U C U D
Rd =
U C U D

= 0,1937 hr.ft2.oF/Btu

PRESSURE DROP
FLUIDA PANAS : Annulus
a. De’ = (D2 – D1)
= 0,1215 ft
Rea = 6,819,4152
 0,264
ƒ = 0,0035 
(Re a ' ) 0, 42
= 0,010
ρ = 0,2346 lb/ft3

4 fGa 2 L
b. ΔFa =
2 g 2 De

= 0,9409 ft
Ga
c. Va = 3600 

= 1,2408 ft/s
V 2 
d. Fl = 1 x  
 2g 

= 0,0478
(Fa  Fl ) 
e. Δpa =
144
= 0,0016 Psi

FLUIDA DINGIN : Inner Pipe

a. Rep = 32.811,2239
0 , 264
Ƒ = 0 , 0035 
(Re p ) 0 , 42
= 0,0068
ρ = 18,6358 lb/ft3
4 fGp 2 L
b. ΔFp =
2 g 2 D

= 0,5891 ft
c. ΔPp = Fp . 
144

= 0,0762 Psi

2. Desain Tanki Evaporator-01 (EV-01)

a. Volume tanki EV-01
1) Volume Innert

Volume silinder = D2.Hsilinder

 Volume silinder = 3,14 (0,0409 m)2 x 6,096 m
Volume silinder = 0,008 m3
2) Volume gas
Volume gas = m x V x t
Volume gas = (65,2159 kg/jam x 713,3303 m3/kg x 5 s)/3600 s/jam
Volume gas = 64,6118 m3

3) Volume cairan
Volume cairan = (massa/densitas) x t
Volume cairan = (3668,1456 kg/jam / 298,399318,3325 kg/m3) x 5s x 3600
s/jam
Volume cairan = 0,0171 m3
Volume tanki = Volume Innert + Volume gas + Volume cairan
= 0,008 m3m3 + 64,6118 m3+ 0,0171 m3
= 64,6369 m3
Volume tanki desain = Volume tanki + 15% Volume tanki
= 64,6369 m3+ 15% (64,6369 m3)
= 74,3324 m3
b. Diameter dan tinggi EV-01
Direncanakan: D silinder : H silinder = 3:5, maka Hsilinder = 1/4 Dsilinder
Volume alas dan tutup adalah type hemi-sperical
Volume EV-01 = volume silinder + volume alas + volume tutup

Volume EV-01 = D2.Hsilinder + r3 + r3

Volume EV-01 = D3 + 2( D3)

74,3324 m3 = 1,1775 D3 + 0,2617 D3
D = 3,7241 meter
c. Tinggi Tanki Total
Hsilinder = 3/2 Dsilinder
= 5,5862 meter
Halas = Htutup =¼D (Peter edisi 5, 2003)
= 0,9310 meter
Jadi, tinggi T-01 = Hsilinder + Halas + Htutup
= 5,5862 m + 0,9310 m + 0,9310 m
= 7,4482 meter
d. Tebal dinding vessel, t
Pkoreksi = 5% (Coulson, 2004)
Pdesain = Poperasi + (Poperasi x Pkoreksi )
 Pdesain = 1 atm + (1 atm x 0,05)
= 1,05 atm
= 106,3913 kPa

Tebal ellipsoidal head

 PdV 
t =    C
 (2SE  0,2 P 

(Peters, 2003)
dimana :
P = Tekanan design = 111,7108 kPa
d = Diameter vessel = 146,6182 in
S = Working stress allowable = 94.500 kPa (Peters, 2003)
E = Joint effisiensi = 0,85 (Peters, 2003)
C = Korosi maksimum = 0,125 in (Peters, 1991)
k = 2,6
1
V =   (2+2,6)2 = 1,46
6
Maka :
 106,3913 x127,1823 x1,46 
tellipsiodal =    0,125
 ( 2 x94,5 x0,85  0,2 x106,3913 

= 0,2739 in
= 0,007 m

Tebal silinder
 Pr 
t =    C (Peters, 2003)
 ( SE  0,6 P 

Maka :
 106,3913 
Tsilinder =   0,125
 94,5 x0,85  0,6 x106,3913 

= 0,227 in
= 0,0058 m

e. Outside diameter, OD
OD = D + 2t
 = 3,7241 + 2 (0,0058)
= 3,7356 m

IDENTIFIKASI
Nama Alat Evaporator – 01
Kode Alat EV–01
Jumlah 1 buah
Fungsi Memisahkan produk keluaran Accumulator
(ACC-02)
DATA DESAIN
Tipe Long Tube Recirculation Evaporator
Temperatur 78,1641 oC
Tekanan 1 atm
DATA MEKANIK
Diameter vessel 3,7356 m
Tinggi vessel 7,4482 m
Volume vessel 74,3324 m3
Tebal dinding vessel 0,0058 m
Bahan konstruksi Stainlees steel
Uc dan Ud 1,5528 dan 1,1937
Rd calculated 0,1937
ΔP inner 0,0762 psi
ΔP annulus 0,0016 psi