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    Perhitungan Netralisasi Limbah PDF

    Uploaded by

    Gerry Handoyo
    This document discusses how to calculate pH, pOH, pKa, and pKb values. It provides the definitions and formulas for calculating each one. For example, it states that pH is calculated as pH = -log[H3O+], and that the relationship between pH and pOH is pH + pOH = 14. It also gives examples of how to calculate the values for different concentrations.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Perhitungan Netralisasi Limbah PDF

    Uploaded by

    Gerry Handoyo
    64 views4 pages
    This document discusses how to calculate pH, pOH, pKa, and pKb values. It provides the definitions and formulas for calculating each one. For example, it states that pH is calculated as pH = -log[H3O+], and that the relationship between pH and pOH is pH + pOH = 14. It also gives examples of how to calculate the values for different concentrations.

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    Perhitungan Netralisasi Limbah.pdf

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    This document discusses how to calculate pH, pOH, pKa, and pKb values. It provides the definitions and formulas for calculating each one. For example, it states that pH is calculated as pH = -log[H3O+], and that the relationship between pH and pOH is pH + pOH = 14. It also gives examples of how to calculate the values for different concentrations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    64 views4 pages

    Perhitungan Netralisasi Limbah PDF

    Uploaded by

    Gerry Handoyo
    This document discusses how to calculate pH, pOH, pKa, and pKb values. It provides the definitions and formulas for calculating each one. For example, it states that pH is calculated as pH = -log[H3O+], and that the relationship between pH and pOH is pH + pOH = 14. It also gives examples of how to calculate the values for different concentrations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Calculating_pHandpOH https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/howtosolveit/Equilibrium/Calculat...

    pH, pOH, pKa, and pKb


    The symbol "p" means "the negative of the logrithm of." "p" is often used with very small or very large
    values.

    Calculating pH
    Calculating hydronium ion concentration from pH
    Calculating pOH
    Calculating hydroxide ion concentration from pOH
    The relationship between pH and pOH
    Calculating pKa
    Calculating Ka from pKa
    Calculating pKb
    Calculating Kb from pKb

    Calculating pH
    To calculate the pH of an aqueous solution you need to know the concentration of the hydronium ion in
    moles per liter (molarity). The pH is then calculated using the expression:

    pH = - log [H3O+].

    Example: Find the pH of a 0.0025 M HCl solution. The HCl is a strong acid and is 100% ionized in water.
    The hydronium ion concentration is 0.0025 M. Thus:

    pH = - log (0.0025) = - ( - 2.60) = 2.60

    Top

    Calculating the Hydronium Ion Concentration from pH


    The hydronium ion concentration can be found from the pH by the reverse of the mathematical operation
    employed to find the pH.

    [H3O+] = 10-pH or [H3O+] = antilog (- pH)

    Example: What is the hydronium ion concentration in a solution that has a pH of 8.34?

    8.34 = - log [H3O+]


    - 8.34 = log [H3O+]
    [H3O+] = 10-8.34 = 4.57 x 10-9 M

    On a calculator, calculate 10-8.34, or "inverse" log ( - 8.34).

    1 of 4 24/07/2019, 16:47
    Calculating_pHandpOH https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/howtosolveit/Equilibrium/Calculat...

    Top

    Calculating pOH
    To calculate the pOH of a solution you need to know the concentration of the hydroxide ion in moles per liter
    (molarity). The pOH is then calculated using the expression:

    pOH = - log [OH-]

    Example: What is the pOH of a solution that has a hydroxide ion concentration of 4.82 x 10-5 M?

    pOH = - log [4.82 x 10-5] = - ( - 4.32) = 4.32

    Top

    Calculating the Hydroxide Ion Concentration from pOH


    The hydroxide ion concentration can be found from the pOH by the reverse mathematical operation
    employed to find the pOH.

    [OH-] = 10-pOH or [OH-] = antilog ( - pOH)

    Example: What is the hydroxide ion concentration in a solution that has a pOH of 5.70?

    5.70 = - log [OH-]


    -5.70 = log[OH-]
    [OH-] = 10-5.70 = 2.00 x 10-6 M

    On a calculator calculate 10-5.70, or "inverse" log (- 5.70).

    Top

    Relationship Between pH and pOH

    The pH and pOH of a water solution at 25oC are related by the following equation.

    pH + pOH = 14

    If either the pH or the pOH of a solution is known, the other can be quickly calculated.

    Example: A solution has a pOH of 11.76. What is the pH of this solution?

    pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 11.76 = 2.24

    Top

    Calculating pKa

    The pKa is calculated using the expression:

    2 of 4 24/07/2019, 16:47
    Calculating_pHandpOH https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/howtosolveit/Equilibrium/Calculat...

    pKa = - log (Ka)

    where "Ka" is the equilibrium constant for the ionization of the acid.

    Example: What is the pKa of acetic acid, if Ka for acetic acid is 1.78 x 10-5?

    pKa = - log (1.78 x 10-5) = - ( - 4.75) = 4.75

    Top

    Calculating Ka from the pKa

    The Ka for an acid is calculated from the pKa by performing the reverse of the mathematical operation used
    to find pKa.

    Ka = 10-pKa or Ka = antilog ( - pKa)

    Example: Calculate the value of the ionization constant for the ammonium ion, Ka, if the pKa is 9.74.

    9.74 = - log (Ka)


    -9.74 = log (Ka)
    Ka = 10-9.74 = 1.82 x 10-10

    On a calculator calculate 10-9.74, or "inverse" log ( - 9.74).

    Top

    Calculating pKb

    The pKb is calculated using the expression:

    pKb = - log (Kb)

    where Kb is the equilibrium constant for the ionization of a base.

    Example: What is the pKb for methyl amine, if the value of Kb for methyl amine is 4.4 x 10-4?

    pKb = - log (4.4 x 10-4) = - ( - 3.36) = 3.36

    Top

    Calculating Kb from pKb

    The Kb for an acid is calculated from the pKb by performing the reverse of the mathematical operation used
    to find pKb.

    Kb = 10-pKb or Kb = antilog ( - pKb)

    Example: Calculate the value of the ionization constant, Kb, for aniline if the pKb is 9.38.

    3 of 4 24/07/2019, 16:47
    Calculating_pHandpOH https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/howtosolveit/Equilibrium/Calculat...

    9.38 = - log (Kb)


    -9.38 = log (Kb)
    Kb = 10-9.38 = 4.17 x 10-10

    On a calculator calculate 10-9.38, or "inverse" log ( - 9.38).

    Top

    4 of 4 24/07/2019, 16:47

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