Government of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste

United Nations Development Programme

and
Global Environment Facility

Capacity Building in and Mainstreaming of Sustainable

Land Management in Timor-Leste

Brief description

The sustainability of agricultural production, rural livelihood and the integrity of ecosystems in
Timor-Leste are seriously affected by land degradation. The long-term goal of the project is to
ensure that the agricultural, forest and other terrestrial land uses of Timor-Leste (TL) are
sustainable, productive systems that maintain ecosystem productivity and ecological functions
while contributing directly to the environmental, economic and social well-being of the country.
The objective of the project is to build capacities for sustainable land management (SLM) in
appropriate government and civil society institutions and user groups and mainstream SLM into
government planning and strategy development. The project has four outcomes, namely, (a) SLM
is mainstreamed into national policies, plans and legislation, (b) Human resources and
institutional capacities needed for SLM are developed, (c) Capacities for knowledge management
in SLM are developed and (d) National Action Programme (NAP) is completed. The project will
be implemented over a period of three years beginning in January 2007. The project will be
directly executed by UNDP. The project will receive guidance and oversight from a Steering
Committee. A Project Implementation Unit will be established to execute the project. The total
budget of the project is US$ 475,000 and funded by the GEF.
 2

Table of Contents

Subject Page

Project Summary................................................................................................................. 1
Table of Contents................................................................................................................ 2
Acronyms............................................................................................................................ 4

SECTION I: NARRATIVE ............................................................................................. 6

Part I: Situation Analysis ................................................................................................. 6

Environmental Context......................................................................................... 6
Socio-Economic Context ...................................................................................... 7
Policy, Institutional and Legal Context ................................................................ 9
Causes of Land Degradation................................................................................. 10
Land Use in Timor-Leste ..................................................................................... 11

Part II: Strategy ................................................................................................................ 12

Capacity and Mainstreaming needs for SLM ....................................................... 13
Objectives ............................................................................................................. 15
Outcomes ............................................................................................................. 15
Global and Local Benefits .................................................................................... 15
Linkages to IA Activities and Programmes.......................................................... 16
Identified Stakeholders ........................................................................................ 16

Part III: Management Arrangements............................................................................. 17

Institutional Framework and Project Implementation Arrangement .................... 17
Project Steering Committee .................................................................................. 17
Project Working Committee ................................................................................ 17
Project implementation Unit ................................................................................ 17

Part IV: Monitoring and Evaluation .............................................................................. 18

Part V: Legal Context ..................................................................................................... 19

SECTION II: RESULTS AND RESOURCES FRAMEWORK .................................. 21

SECTION III: TOTAL BUDGET AND WORKPLAN ............................................... 26

ANNEXES ........................................................................................................................ 35
Approved Proposal.................................................................................................... ….…. 35
Terms of References for key project staff and main sub-contracts………………………. 35

SIGNATURE PAGE ........................................................................................................ 51

 3

List of Table
Subject Page

Table 1: Detailed M&E Plan and Budget ........................................................................... 19

Table 2: Project Results and Resources Framework........................................................... 21
Table 3: Total Budget and Work plan................................................................................. 26
Table 4: Detailed Annual Workplan ................................................................................... 30

List of Annex

Annex 1: Terms of Reference for Project Manager, Steering Committee and

Technical Advisory Committee ........................................................................... 35
Annex 2: Management Costs .............................................................................................. 38
Annex 3: Project Management Work Plan……………………………………………….. 39
Annex 4: Responsibility by Output..................................................................................... 40
Annex 5: Environmental Governance Capacity Development ........................................... 41
Annex 6: AMCAP............................................................................................................... 43
Annex 7: Third Agriculture Rehabilitation Project (ARP-III)............................................ 45
Annex 8: Land Use Classes and Estimated Areas .............................................................. 47
Annex 9: Ecological Regions of Timor-Leste……………………………………………. 48
Annex 10: Use of the products from KM …..……………………………………………. 50
 4
ACRONYMS

AMCAP Ainaro and Manatuto Community Activation Programme

ALP Agriculture and Livestock Policy
APR Annual Project Review
ARP III Third Agriculture Rehabilitation Project
Aus AID Australian Agency for International Development
CFET Consolidated Fund for East Timor
CoPs Conference of Parties
DAO District Agriculture Officer
DEX Direct Execution
DFO District Forestry Officer
DIO District Irrigation Officer
DLO District Livestock Officer
DOE Division of Environment
DOPW Department of Public Works
DRE Division of Research and Extension
DRRS Division of Deforestation and Rehabilitation of Soils
DSA Daily Subsistence Allowance
EC European Community
EGSP Environment Governance Support Programme
EP End of Project
ESAs External Support Agencies
EU Environment Unit
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
GEF Global Environment Facility
GIS Geographical Information System
GoTL Government of Timor-Leste
IA Implementing Agency
LDC Least Developed Country
MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
MAPTL Missão Agricola Portuguesa em Timor-Leste
MDG Millennium Development Goal
MEA Multilateral Environmental Agreement
MFAC Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation
MNRMEP Ministry of Natural Resources, Minerals and Energy Policy
MOJ Ministry of Justice
MPF Ministry of Planning and Finance
MPW Ministry of Public Works
MSP Medium-Size Project
MT Mid-Term
MTR Mid-Term Review
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
NAP National Action Programme
NAPA National Adaptation Programme of Action
NCSA National Capacity Self-Assessment
NDAL National Directorate of Agriculture and Livestock
NDCF National Directorate of Coffee and Forestry
NDFA National Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture
 5
NDP National Development Plan
NDLP National Directorate of Land Property
NFP National Forest Policy
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
NRM Natural Resources Management
NUTL National University of Timor-Leste
OCAP Oeccusi Community Activation Programme
OFP Operational Focal Point
OP-15 Operational Programme 15
PDF Project Development Facility
PIR Project Implementation Review
PIU Project Implementation Unit
PM Project Manager
PNAs Protected Natural Areas
PO Programme Officer
PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal
PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
PSs Permanent Secretaries
RESPECT Recovery, Employment and Stability Programme for Ex-combatants and
Communities in Timor-Leste
SBAA Standard Basic Assistance Agreement
SC Steering Committee
SECTOPD Secretariat of State for Environment Coordination, Territorial Ordering and
Physical Development
SIDS Small Island Development States
SIP Sector Investment Plan
SLM Sustainable Land Management
TAG Technical Advisory Group
TCP Technical Cooperation Programme
TFET Trust Fund for East Timor
TL Timor-Leste
TOR Terms of Reference
TRAC Target for Resource Assignment from the Core
UNCCD United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
UNCBD United Nations Convention on Biodiversity
UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Framework
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
UNDP-CO United Nations Development Programme – Country Office
UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
UNTAET United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor
USD United States Dollar
Y1 Year 1
Y2 Year 2
Y3 Year 3
 6

SECTION I - NARRATIVE
Part I. Situation Analysis

A. Environmental context

Timor-Leste (TL) includes the eastern end of the island of Timor, the enclave of Oecusse and the
islands of Ataúro and Jaco. The area of Timor-Leste is approximately 14,874 km2 with the total
length of approximately 265 km and a maximum width of approximately 97 km. To the North
lies the Banda Sea and to the South lies the Timor Sea. TL has a spectacular topography,
dominated by the central mountain range of Ramelau. The highest point, Mount Tatamailau is
2,963 m above sea level. Almost half the land has 40% or more slopes. Generally, the country
can be divided into six ecological regions, namely, the mountainous areas, highland plains, moist
lowland areas, arid lowland areas, marine and coastal areas, and urban areas (Annex 9). In
general, the soils of TL are fragile and low in fertility.

The rainfall patterns are variable. The country has been divided into three zones based on altitude
and rainfall.
1. The northern coast (0 – 600 m above sea level), is characterized by an annual rainfall
ranging from 500 mm to 1,500 mm and a dry season of five months.
2. The mountainous zone is characterized by rainfall about 1,500 mm and a dry season of
four months.
3. The southern coast (0 – 600 m above sea level), has heavier rainfall, ranging up to 2,000
mm and a dry season of three months.

The topography, dominated by steep slopes, increases the risk of erosion. In addition, the rainfall
pattern, with its long dry season and short, but intense rains, amplifies the erosion hazard.

Land degradation in Timor-Leste is mainly caused by deforestation, unsustainable agricultural

practices and recurring wildfires on grass-covered mountain slopes. Based on available data on
changes in forest cover from 1972 to 1999, it is estimated that the rate of deforestation during
this period was equivalent to 1.1% per year, four times higher than the global average of 0.3%.
Within this period, it was estimated that about 114,000 hectares (35%) of dense forest were lost
and 78,000 hectares (24%) of sparse forest were destroyed. Most alarming was an increase of
more than 200,000 hectares of open areas. As a result of deforestation, there is severe soil
erosion, reduction in forest productivity and loss of biodiversity.

During the Indonesian occupation, there was widespread deforestation and destruction of forest
ecosystems. Unsustainable harvesting and exporting of much of the country’s most valuable
resources, notably sandalwood, ebony and redwood was prevalent during this period. This was
due to two related factors, namely
(a) The forestry policies and regulations were weak; and
(b) The Indonesian government’s failure to implement the forestry policies and regulations.
 7

Data on the degradation of agricultural lands is very scant. Unsustainable agriculture in Timor-
Leste manifests itself both through soil erosion and through decreased soil fertility. It is primarily
a problem in the dry land farming areas where maize, beans and vegetables are grown in steep
slopes. These crops are grown without any soil conservation measures – crop rows often run up
and down the slope.

Forest fire occurs in the dry season thereby leaving the ground open during start of the rainy
season. Soil erosion precedes the regeneration of the ground cover. Forest fires have multiple
environmental effects, including: air pollution which in turn leads to health problems to the
nearby population; loss of habitat; soil erosion leading to the sedimentation of rivers; and loss of
organic matter leading to reduction in soil fertility.

Being in the “Wallace Zone” Timor-Leste is significant with regard to biodiversity. There are, at
least, 25 species of endangered birds under the list of protected species in TL under the United
Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET). Deforestation and land
degradation cause loss of biodiversity due to reduction and modification of the habitat.

Land degradation and poverty are inextricably linked. Land degradation impacts the livelihood
of rural populations in many ways. Reduction of soil fertility, silting of waterways and irrigation
infrastructure, and flooding of agricultural lands, reduce agricultural productivity including
livestock production and thereby affect rural income and the social wellbeing of poor and
subsistence farmers. Unless land degradation is addressed decisively and in an integrated
manner, it will hamper the government’s efforts to alleviate poverty and promote sustainable
development.

B. Socio-economic context

The National Development Plan (NDP) of Timor-Leste assigns the Ministry of Agriculture,
Forestry, and Fisheries (MAFF) as the Government agency with prime responsibility for the
development of agriculture, forestry, and fisheries sub-sectors. The vision, as laid down in the
NDP, is to have by 2020 sustainable, competitive and prosperous agricultural, forestry and
fisheries industries that support improved living standards for the Nation’s people. MAFF’s
mission is to efficiently deliver to agricultural, forestry and fishing communities, services that
support improved productivity, income earning potential and export and that, therefore, support
improved social welfare in the rural areas of the Nation, taking account of MAFF’s human,
capital and financial resources.

MAFF has three National Directorates, namely, agriculture, forestry and fishery; services for
research and extension, and quarantine; and support units for planning and administration.
MAFF’s policy and strategic framework was completed and formally adopted in September
2004. Within the MAFF’s policy and strategic framework, elaboration of specific sub-sector
policies such as the Food Security Policy, the Forest Policy and the Fisheries Policy have begun
and these policy documents are currently available in draft forms. Environmental issues are
implicit in the MAFF’s policy and strategic framework and in the policy and strategy documents
of the National Directorates of agriculture, fisheries and forestry.

The primary goal of the National Directorate of Agriculture and Livestock (NDAL) is to improve
the wellbeing of farm families through encouraging them to adopt profitable, productive and
 8
sustainable farming practices in relation to both crops and livestock. NDAL has identified
several major challenges, but major focus is given to increasing the productivity and resilience of
upland farming systems, and minimizing the vulnerability of upland agriculture to climatic and
economic variability.

The goal of the forestry sub-sector is sustainable development of forest resources and watersheds
to provide environmental, social and economic benefits to the people of TL. The National
Directorate of Coffee and Forestry (NDCF) has six policy objectives, namely:

Protection of forests

Community participation in forestry development

Watershed conservation

Afforestation and land restoration

Development of a private sector business environment

Forestry sector institutional development

These objectives are inter-linked and need to be considered as components of a single and
integrated forest policy.

The NDP of TL gives high priority to poverty reduction and the goal is to reduce poverty in all
sectors and regions of the Nation. In this context, the Government of TL realizes that real and
lasting poverty reduction is only possible if the environment is able to provide the services
people depend on and if natural resources are used in a manner that does not undermine long-
term development.

In TL more than 44% of the population was subsisting below US$ 1.00 per day in 2001, which is
one indicator of poverty. It is estimated that two-in-five Timorese fall below the national poverty
line of US$ 0.55 per day. Currently, 64% of the population suffers from food insecurity, and
30% of the land suitable for agriculture is used for crops along or in association with livestock
production. The malnutrition rate among women is 26% and among children is 46%. Poor
cropping methods and weak safety nets are key contributors to extreme poverty.

Lack of clarity about land tenure presents a constraint to assessing land degradation problems
and implementing sustainable land management practices. The current situation relating to land
tenure remains to be ascertained in accordance with the Constitution of the country. There is no
proper land registry, no recording or verification of land transactions or no framework to
determine competing claims to land.

A major element of the poverty reduction strategy of TL is to create an enabling environment to

generate opportunities for the economic participation of the poor, improving their productivity
and enhancing their income.

Land is a finite resource, while the natural resources it supports can vary over time and according
to management conditions and uses. Expanding human requirements and economic activities are
placing ever-increasing pressures on land resources, creating competition and conflicts and
resulting in suboptimal use of both land and land resources. TL is no exception to the above
phenomenon.

If TL’s economic and social development goals are to be met in a sustainable manner, it is
essential to resolve these conflicts and move towards more effective and efficient use of land and
 9
its natural resources. Integrated physical and land-use planning and management are eminently
practical ways to achieve this. By examining all uses of land in an integrated manner, it makes it
possible to minimize conflicts, to make the most efficient trade-offs and to link social and
economic development with environmental protection and enhancement, thus helping to achieve
the objectives of sustainable development.

C. Policy, institutional and legal context

Section 61 of the TL constitution is the policy reference for sustainable development in TL,
including for environmental governance. It says the following: “Every one has the right to a
humane, healthy, and ecologically balanced environment and the duty to protect it for the benefit
of future generation”. Furthermore, it says that “The State shall recognize the need to preserve
and rationalize natural resources.”

Since the approval of the NDP in 2002, several planning activities have been undertaken at both
the national and sectoral levels. These include the following:

Development of sectoral road maps;

Adoption of the UN Millennium Development Goals to complement the NDP and Road
Maps;

Food Security as a flagship programme of the National Development Strategy which was
approved by the Council of Ministers in mid-2003;

Sector Investment Programmes identifying financial flows and gaps in funding with
respect to high priority programmes of the different ministries which started in late 2003
and finalized in mid-2004;

Sub-sectoral policy draft documents of Fisheries Directorate which was initiated in 2001,
and Forestry-Watershed policy initiated in 2003; and

Policy and Strategic Framework, which was approved by the Council of Ministers in
September 2004.

The environmental emphasis is explicit in the first NDP of TL (2003-2007), which states, “Real,
lasting poverty reduction is only possible if the environment is able to provide the services
people depend on and if natural resources are used in a manner that does not undermine long-
term development”. As its vision, “TL will manage and utilize its natural resources in a
sustainable manner that takes account of environmental needs in order to support economic
growth and improved community welfare”.

The implementation of the environmental strategic vision mentioned above is largely the
responsibility of the Division of Environment (DOE) within the Secretariat of State for
Environment Coordination, Territorial Ordering and Physical Development (SECTOPD). In
addition, a number of other ministries, such as MAFF and Ministry of Public Works (MPW) are
responsible for major programmes in natural resources management.

The Strategic Plan of the DOE has identified five objectives of which the following three are
relevant to land degradation issues, namely
(a) Increasing awareness within society of the importance of environmental protection,
(b) Protecting and conserving natural resources and biodiversity in cooperation with relevant
agencies, NGOs and civil society, and
(c) Have environmental assessment and pollution control regulation enforced by 2002.
 10
Policies and strategies of MAFF in general, and particularly that of the NDCF, deal relatively
more directly with land degradation and sustainable land management.

The sustainable land management aspect is well reflected in the policy goals and strategy of
NDCF. In the context of forestry protection, a key strategy of the new draft forest policy and
strategy is to protect all forests from damage or loss through programmes that will empower,
encourage and involve communities to manage forest land, through public relations and
education activities, the prevention and physical control of wild fires and reduced livestock
grazing.

D. Causes of land degradation

The main causes of land degradation in TL include;

Deforestation

Inappropriate dry land farming practices

Shifting cultivation

Forest fires

Demographic pressure

Overgrazing

Illegal cutting of important tree species

Deforestation initiates a chain of environmental degradation. Loss of vegetation and soil leads to
the degradation of the catchment and decrease in the amount and quality of water. With this
comes a decline in agricultural capability and capacity, micro and macro climatic change, loss of
biodiversity, and damage to marine habitats by increase in runoff and silting.

The majority of TL’s population is engaged in upland farming in the form of shifting cultivation.
Based on the survey conducted by NDCF, each family occupies 1 – 2 hectares depending on the
available labour in the family. Each family has 2 –3 farm areas. Most of the farm areas are
located in the fertile soil along the river or creek within the watershed areas. Crops that are
commonly planted include corn, cassava, beans and some vegetables. The cultivation period
lasts for about 3 years and the land is abandoned thereafter. This results in land and watershed
degradation and loss of biodiversity.

Forest fires in TL could be unintentional or accidental and are often aggravated by climatic
conditions. However, more often, the fires are due to animal grazing, shifting cultivation and
hunting. In the northern part of the country, grazing lands are burned at the end of the dry season
for the regeneration of new pasture. This practice often leads to soil erosion and loss of soil
fertility. Forest fires normally happen in areas dominated by grasses, eucalyptus, bamboo,
casuarina, and teak. Information on areas damaged by fire is incomplete but based on 1994 data,
a total of 60,301 hectares have been damaged by fire within that year alone. Forest fires occur in
the dry season thereby leaving the ground open during the rainy season. Soil erosion precedes
the regeneration of a protective vegetation cover.

The demographic pressures in TL, expressed in annual population growth rate of 5.8%, exert
influence on land quality and land degradation in many forms. Due to demographic pressure, the
demand for timber and fuel wood far exceeds what the forest can supply in a sustainable manner.
 11
Although not well documented, overgrazing could be a contributing to land degradation in TL.
Overgrazing occurs in the rangelands, which are public lands and not owned by the people who
own the animals. Generally, livestock is not “stall fed.” Livestock pens are only used in some
areas. Under intensive grazing, regeneration of humus is affected and this causes soil
mineralization over many years. This could lead to poor regeneration of grass rendering soil to
water and wind erosion. Grazing by too many animals over a long period can result in the
compaction of soils, which in turn would reduce the infiltration of water and increase the risk of
excessive runoff and soil erosion.

Around 19 percent of total forest lands are set aside by GoTL as national parks and/or Protected
Natural Areas (PNAs) which are distributed in around 5 sites nationwide. The largest of these
areas is found in Tutuala in the Lautem District. A problem in managing these PNAs is the
proliferation of slash and burn farming, cutting of timber and hunting of wildlife by the
communities living inside the PNAs. Unless a long-term partnership is forged between the
communities and the government, and planning of alternative livelihood is envisioned, the
problem of encroachment will continue in the near future.

E. Land Use in Timor-Leste

There is no comprehensive, up-to-date information on land use in TL. An Australian

Government funded project – Rapid Rural Land Use Assessment and Model for Land Use
Classification and Mapping – produced, in 2001, is the latest version of land use in TL. The land
use classification consists of 8 land use categories and 23 land use classes (Annex 8). According
to this latest information, approximately 57% of the land is covered in some type of forest. About
28% of the area is devoted to agriculture (including commercial tree crops) and rural settlements.
19% is identified as dry land agriculture, which makes this particular land use one of the most
significant categories. However, it is not possible to determine the intensity of dry land farming.
Almost 14% of the land is under grassland with extensive areas located along the drier northern
coastal area, particularly east of Manatuto. There are also scattered grasslands on many of the
interior steeper slopes of the country, probably as a result of past burning.

The Government is well aware of the above issues and the acute land degradation problem that
the country is faced with. It recognizes the urgent need for sustainable land management. Despite
its attempt to address this serious problem, it is faced with some serious barriers.

Barriers to sustainable land management in TL include:

(a) Sustainable land management is not adequately incorporated into national development
policies, strategies, legislation and regulations, i.e. sustainable land management is not
mainstreamed
(b) TL has relatively low human and institutional capacities for integrated and sustainable
land management,
(c) There is lack of awareness among stakeholders on the seriousness of land degradation
and need for sustainable land management, and
(d) The country does not have adequate funds to implement effective sustainable land
management programmes. In addition, there is also lack of reliable, comprehensive and
up-to-date information on the cause, extent, trends and economic and social implications
of land degradation.
 12
Part II. Strategy

Timor-Leste acceded to the UNCCD in August 2003. It is currently taking actions to fulfill its
obligations under the Convention, including developing a national strategy, formulating and
implementing a National Action Programme (NAP), strengthening institutions, and reporting and
attendance at all relevant meetings with regard to UNCCD and SLM.

Being a newly independent country, TL is investing much of its resources on pressing issues
such as agriculture, health, education, infrastructure, and justice, etc., and so do the majority of
donors. Consequently, policies and actions concerning land management are yet to be formulated
and implemented.

The country has just completed a Sector Investment Plan (SIP) for natural resources and the
environment, which will require about US$22 million in the next three years (FY 2003-4 and
2006-7). The Investment Programme includes, among other things, proposals for building
capacities for the management of the environment and assessments of water resources and
watersheds. Funding for the Programme is expected to come from the US$7 million donor
support already committed, and the proposed US$1.7 million Consolidated Fund for East Timor
(CFET). Some US$13 million new funding is therefore still needed.

In general, the country has limited capacity at the individual, institutional and systemic levels for
sustainable land management. Land degradation issues are often not mainstreamed into national
development decision-making. As a result, government budgetary allocations for mitigating land
degradation are weak, and policy recommendations relating to economic growth often conflict
with the goal of sustainable land management.

The Division of Reforestation and Rehabilitation of Soil under the NDCF is working on a draft
national plan for controlling land degradation. However, this draft national plan is mainly
concerned with the degradation of forestlands. It addresses four important aspects, namely,
a) Reducing forest and watershed degradation and conservation of forest resources and
biodiversity in protected forest areas;
b) Establishing a suitable policy and legislative framework for trade and effective resource
management of the forestry sub sector;
c) Developing human resources, institutional capability and resource data, commensurate
with the needs for forestry and watershed management; and
d) Ensuring effective coordination and participation among major stakeholders in forestry and
watershed development.

The major defect of this draft national plan is that it does not cover land degradation issues and
solutions with regard to agricultural lands as well as lands under other uses. The draft thus needs
considerable revision.

A GEF project on National Capacity Self Assessment (NCSA) is currently under

implementation.

Recognizing the limitations faced by the country, UNDP is integrating aspects of land
degradation and SLM into its on-going projects, to the extent possible, especially in those
projects that deal with poverty reduction.
 13

Several projects, which are either on-going or under preparation, have relevance to SLM,
although they may not directly address the issue. The FAO funded project, under the Technical
Cooperation Programme (TCP), which began in April 2003, supports MAFF in helping to
achieve strategic objectives with regard to agriculture, forestry and fisheries. This project
provides technical support for project identification, formulation and funding and capacity
development for identification, formulation, implementation and appraisal of projects. Land
degradation is one of the major areas addressed under the forestry and natural resources
management component of the project.

The third phase of the Agricultural Rehabilitation Project (ARP III) includes a component of
pilot participatory development in natural resources management, which, inter alia addresses
land management issues. The pilot projects are carried out in seven districts, particularly in the
upland areas.

The primary development partners working on land degradation and reforestation issues are
UNDP (under AMCAP and OCAP projects), the Missão Agrícola Portuguesa em Timor-Leste
(MAPTL), AusAID, and FAO. Their land degradation related initiatives are listed below:

The AMCAP project is undertaking integrated watershed management activities in
Ainaro and Manatuto Districts.

The OCAP project will address agricultural and animal husbandry techniques aimed at
increasing production and relieving pressure on unsustainable land use in the Oecusse
District.

MAPTIL is conducting trial projects in Ermera and Aileu on the use of sluice gates for
irrigation and erosion control, in association with reforestation.

AusAID is implementing a community based watershed management project in Los
Palos, Manatuto, Liquiça and Ataúro.

Capacity and mainstreaming needs for SLM

Despite growing official recognition of the problem of land degradation in TL, SLM objectives
have not been mainstreamed into policies, regulations, strategies, plans, educational systems, etc.
There is no general recognition on the part of politicians and decision makers that land
degradation is a significant barrier to sustained economic development. The National Action
Programme for the implementation of UNCCD is still under development and SLM still needs to
be integrated across the board into the National Forestry Policy and the Agricultural Policy that
will be finalized in the near future. Other policies and regulations for SLM will need to be
developed as appropriate as the SLM knowledge base is developed.

While sustainable development, environmental protection and natural resource management are
addressed explicitly in the country’s NDP and PRSP, land degradation and SLM are only
addressed indirectly.

Mainstreaming of land degradation and SLM issues into national development frameworks and
processes, including government budgetary process would involve the development of a policy
paper on SLM, convincing the key line ministries and their superiors of the benefits of
mainstreaming SLM issues into the NDP and PRSP, government budgetary process and other
relevant national activities and processes.
 14
The NDCF of the MAFF has recently drafted a forest sector policy which gives high priority to
sustainable management of forest resources in the country. The preparation of this policy
document was assisted by FAO. Linkages shall be established between the MSP and the FAO-
TCP assisted new Forestry Policy, particularly in the implementation of those policy aspects that
are directly related to controlling land degradation and application of SLM practices. The
modality of linkage with the FAO-TCP assisted new Forest Policy and other on-going projects
related to SLM is presented in a section on linkages in the project document.

The following capacity building needs are needed in order for TL to meet its obligations under
the UNCCD and for implementing programs and projects on SLM:

Human resources are the most crucial resources that are very weak. There is an urgent
need to train a critical number of government officials, and other stakeholders such as
NGOs, farmers, forest communities, civil society bodies and resource users by imparting
knowledge and developing skills through training and other means.

Institutions are also weak. Capacity needs include developing mandates, tools, guidelines
and information management systems in order for appropriate institutions to function
effectively.

At the systemic level, the creation of an “enabling environment” to implement SLM
policies, programmes and projects is crucial. This would require developing policy,
economic, regulatory, and accountability frameworks (monitoring and evaluation) in the
context of land degradation and SLM.

The demand for technical expertise in terms of human resources far exceeds the supply in all
sectors. The situation is critical in MAFF and in its National Directorates. For example, the
NDCF is manned by 57 staff or roughly 19 percent of the level during Indonesian occupation. Of
the 57 staff of NDCF, only 7 have finished bachelor’s degree in forestry. The majority of the
staff has only finished senior high school in forestry.

At its present level, the NDCF staff cannot efficiently manage and monitor the country’s forests.
The ratio between district staff and forest guardians to forest area is 1: 17,400 hectares, far from
the ideal 1:8,000 hectares, a benchmark in forest management. In addition, the staff has difficulty
in fulfilling their functions because of the lack of facilities and equipment. There is a need
therefore to revisit staff deployment strategies at the district level, with the idea of augmenting
the number of staff where they are urgently needed. In addition, there is a need to develop their
technical capability and skills in SLM in terms of on-the-job training and formal education in the
long term. The on-going National Capacity Self Assessment project is expected to address this
issue.

An integrated community-based approach has been accepted as a benchmark for SLM. However,
this requires the highest level of coordination not only among members of the communities
located near the forestry-watershed areas but also among agencies and NGOs involved in soil
conservation, land use, forest management and associated ecosystem development activities.
There are several local and international NGOs and international agencies promoting various
activities that would enhance soil conservation and forest rehabilitation, thereby contributing to
SLM. In 2003, there were more than 40 organizations involved in soil conservation and forestry.
At least 5 of these are implementing major projects related to reforestation, agro-forestry and soil
conservation. The diversity of agencies working on forest resource management is beneficial,
but coordination is lacking. As a result, there is little information sharing or leveraging resources.
 15
The available data on land, soils, agricultural lands and forests is inadequate. Much of the data
was developed during the Indonesian occupation and most data are descriptive. Very limited
quantitative data are available. Although MAFF received support from AusAID to establish a
GIS Unit, the data generated so far is insufficient and in many instances lacks field validation
(e.g. data on forest classification). Data gaps in the forestry sub-sector include forest inventory,
environmental data, and biodiversity. This data is particularly important for decision-making on
conservation and commercialization.

Objectives

The project will contribute towards the achievement of the following long-term goal:

The agricultural, forest and other terrestrial land uses of TL are sustainable, productive
systems that maintain ecosystem productivity and ecological functions while contributing
directly to the environmental, economic and social well-being of the country.

The objective of the project is:

“To strengthen the enabling environment for sustainable land management (SLM) while
ensuring broad-based political and participatory support for the process”

Outcomes

SLM mainstreamed into national policies, plans and legislation.

Human resources and institutional capacities needed for SLM are developed.

Capacities for knowledge management in SLM are developed.

National Action Programme (NAP) is completed.

Global and local benefits

The principal direct global benefit is the enhanced capacity for ecologically sustainable land
management in TL. Indirect global benefits include:

Cross-sectoral integration of sustainable land management into plans, policies, strategies,
programmes, funding mechanisms and multi-sectoral stakeholder groups.

Maintenance of the structure and functions of ecological systems.

Enhanced biodiversity conservation due to reduced deforestation and reduced
sedimentation in mangrove ecosystems and improved health of coral reefs.

Enhanced carbon sequestration through improved capacities for sustainable agriculture
and reduced deforestation.

The principal national benefits are the enhanced capacities for economic and financial
sustainability of the agricultural, and forest use systems of the country. Indirect national benefits
include the following:

Enhanced crop production through improved soil fertility maintenance.

Identification of new commercial uses of forest plantations.

SLM contributes to the health of mangrove ecosystems and coral reefs that are in turn
critical for the tourism industry, for fishing and, in the mid to long-term, for avoiding
catastrophic beach erosion.
 16

Greater empowerment and self-sufficiency of resource users and stakeholders to
participate directly in the conception, monitoring and adaptive management of lands and
resources.

Reduced impact of natural disasters.

Linkages to Implementing Agencies’ activities and programmes

Action will be taken to generate synergy between the MSP and the following projects that are
being implemented by UNDP, GEF, GoTL, and other donors.

Environment Governance Support Programme (EGSP) whose major objective is to
develop an environmental governance framework emphasizing areas such as
environmental law, policy on catchments, strategic planning for Multilateral
Environmental Agreements (MEAs), National Capacity Self Assessment (NCSA), and
forging inter-Ministerial Coordination for implementing MEAs

Ainaro & Manatuto Community Activation Programme (AMCAP) whose aim is to
increase food security and incomes of poor households in Ainaro and Manatuto
Districts on an environmentally sustainable basis, using community-focused
participatory methodologies including reforestation and soil conservation

Oecussi Ambeno Community Activation Programme (OCAP) whose purpose is to
achieve poverty reduction by empowering the Oecussi Ambeno communities by
promoting community investments, developing new skills, introducing agro-forestry
and soil conservation and generating supplementary income

FAO-Technical Cooperation Programme (TCP) funded project on Forest policy
formulation

The third phase of the Agricultural Rehabilitation Project ARP III whose aim is to
strengthen the capacity of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF)
assist rural communities and its development partners increase agricultural production
and income in a sustainable way

Missão Agrícola Portuguesa em Timor-Leste (MAPTIL) which is conducting trial
projects in Ermera and Aileu on the use of sluice gates for irrigation and erosion
control, in association with reforestation

The watershed management component of the AusAID funded community based
project in Lospalos, Manatuto, Liquiça and Ataúro

Identified Stakeholders

The key Stakeholders identified in this project include government ministries, private sector
bodies, NGOs, farmers, forest communities, civil society bodies and other resource users.

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) and its National Directorates,
namely the NDAL, NDCF and NDFA

Secretariat of State for Environment Coordination, Territorial Ordering and Physical
Development (SECTOPD), and specifically, the Division of Environment (DOE)

Farmers and forest dwellers

Various civil society groups, private bodies, and NGOs
 17
Part III. Management Arrangement

Institutional framework and project implementation arrangements

The project will be directly executed by UNDP under the Direct Execution (DEX) modality for a
period of three years and the NDCF will be the implementing agency for the activities. On behalf
of UNDP, the project will be administered by the Programme Officer, Environment Unit, who
will be authorized to deal on all project implementation-related matters with NDCF. The project
will receive high level guidance and oversight from the SLM Project Steering Committee (PSC)
and Project Working Committee (PWC).

Project Steering Committee (PSC)

The PSC will be composed of the Permanent Secretary (PS) or representative of the Minister or
Vice Minister of the key ministries related to SLM and will provide policy level guidance,
reviews project progress and project financial status, and reviews/endorses budget revisions. It
will be comprised of the representatives of the MAFF (chair), MPF, SECTOPD, MNRMEP,
MPW, MFAC, NUTL, UNDP (secretariat) and any other relevant parties who will be invited as
ex-officio members as necessary.

Regular PSC meetings will be held on a three-monthly basis until the completion of the project.
Special sessions will be convened as required.

The PM, in consultation with NDCF, will be responsible for the timely formation of PSC.
The TOR of the PSC is presented in Annex 1.

Project Working Committee (PWC)

The PWC discusses any issues arising from day-to-day implementation of the project. Members
are of working level representatives of the key ministries related to SLM. Members of the PWC
will be comprised of the representatives of the NDCF (chair), MPF, SECTOPD, MNRMEP,
MPW, MFAC, NUTL, UNDP (secretariat) and any other relevant parties who will be invited as
ex-officio members as necessary.

Regular PWC meetings will be held on a monthly basis until the completion of the project.
Special sessions will be convened as required.

The PM, in consultation with NDCF, will be responsible for the timely formation of PWC.

Project Implementation Unit (PIU)

The PIU will play a key role in project execution. It will be located at NDCF and will be headed
by a Project Manager (PM). The Director of NDCF will be the immediate supervisor of the PM.
The PM will collaborate very closely with UNDP Environment Unit and will be responsible for
implementation of all project activities in accordance with the DEX modality. He/she will be a
national professional recruited for the three-year duration of the project. He/she will be
responsible for the application of all UNDP administrative and financial procedures and for the
use of UNDP/GEF funds.
 18

The PM will have a small support staff (project assistant and driver) recruited by the project for a
period of three years. The PIU will have overall responsibility for project management,
administrative, technical and financial reporting. PIU will manage the selection process for all
local contracts and consultants – this will also be done in close consultation with other concerned
executing agencies. This will include preparation of TOR, call for bids and organization of the
selection process. However, in accordance with the DEX modality, the awarding of all contracts
and recruitment of all consultants will be administered by UNDP.

Part IV. Monitoring and Evaluation

Project monitoring and evaluation will be conducted in accordance with established UNDP and
GEF procedures and will be provided by the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) and UNDP
Country Office (UNDP-CO) with support from UNDP/GEF. The Logical Framework Matrix in
Table 2 provides performance and impact indicators for project implementation along with their
corresponding means of verification. Together with the Resource Kit for Monitoring, Evaluation
and Reporting (as provided by the Global Support Unit for the LDC/SIDS Portfolio Project on
SLM) these will form the basis on which the project's Monitoring and Evaluation system will be
built.
NDCF will monitor activities to ensure that they are carried out appropriately and in a timely
manner as per the work plan. The work plan is integrated into the activity budget as presented in
Table 3. NDCF and PIU will ensure that project execution complies with UNDP’s monitoring,
evaluation, auditing and reporting requirements, as spelled out in the UNDP Programming
Manual. In accordance with UNDP’s Programming Manual and the Resource Kit for
Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting mentioned above, quarterly progress and other reports
will be submitted by PIU to NDCF (MAFF) and UNDP - CO. In accordance with these
documents, quarterly progress reports will provide a brief summary of the status of activities and
output delivery, explaining any variances from the pre-agreed work plan and presenting work
plan for each successive quarter for review and endorsement. The reports will also include the
disbursement status during the implementation period.

NDCF will complete an annual review of the project following the current UNDP/GEF format
for Annual Project Review (APR)/Project Implementation Review (PIR) as outlined in the M&E
Resource Kit. A project Terminal Report will be prepared by PIU and submitted to NDCF
(MAFF) and UNDP-CO assessing the delivery of inputs, the achievement of the project
objectives and the project’s impact/results.

One external mid-term review (MTR) will be performed after 18 months and a final evaluation
will be conducted during the last three months of the project. Each review will consist of a three-
week evaluation and will be conducted by one international consultant working with one national
consultant. The focus of the MTR will be to make mid-term corrections to better achieve the
project objective and outcomes during the remaining life of the project.
 19

Table 1: Detailed Monitoring and Evaluation Plan and Budget

Type of M&E activity Lead responsible party in bold Budget Time frame
At the beginning of project
Inception Report PIU US$ 2,000
implementation
APR/PIR The Government, UNDP-CO None Every year, at latest by
NDCF, PIU, UNDP/GEF Task June of that year
Manager1
Tripartite meeting and The Government, UNDP-CO None Every year, upon receipt
report (TPR) NDCF, PIU, UNDP/GEF Task of APR
Manager
Mid-term External PIU, UNDP/GEF headquarters, US$15,000 At the mid-point of project
Evaluation UNDP/GEF Task Manager, implementation.
UNDP-CO, NDCF
Final External Evaluation PIU, UNDP/GEF headquarters, US$25,000 At least two months before
UNDP/GEF Task Manager, the end of project.
UNDP-CO, NDCF
Terminal Report UNDP-CO, UNDP/GEF Task At least one month before
None
Manager, PIU end of project.
Audit NDCF, UNDP-CO, PIU US$500 per year Yearly
Visits to field sites PM, NDCF US$1,000 per Yearly
year;
TOTAL COST
US$46,500

Part V. Legal Context

This project document shall be the instrument referred to as such in Article 1 of the Standard
Basic Assistance Agreement (SBAA) between GoTL and UNDP as signed by the parties on 20
May 2002. The host country-implementing agency shall, for the purpose of the SBAA, refer to
the government cooperating agency described in that Agreement.

UNDP acts in this project as Implementing Agency of the Global Environment Facility (GEF),
and all rights and privileges pertaining to the UNDP as per the terms of the SBAA shall be
executed ‘mutatis mutandis’ to GEF.

The UNDP Resident Representative in TL is authorized to effect in writing the following types
of revisions to this project document, provided he/she has verified the agreement thereto by the
UNDP GEF unit and is assured that the other signatories of the project document have no
objections to the proposed changes:

Revisions of, or addition to, any of the annexes to the Project Document

Revisions which do not involve significant changes in the immediate objectives, outputs
or activities of the project, but are caused by the rearrangement of inputs already agreed
to or by the cost increases due to inflation

1
UNDP/GEF Task Managers is a broad term that includes regional advisors, sub-regional coordinators, and GEF
project specialists based in the region or in HQ.
 20

Mandatory annual revisions which re-phase the delivery of agreed project inputs, or
reflect increased expert or other costs due to inflation, or take into account agency
expenditure flexibility

Inclusion of additional annexes and attachments relevant to the Project Document

Intellectual property rights:

All data, study results, information, reports, etc, generated with UNDP/GEF project funds will be
the property of GoTL and UNDP. In order to accord proper acknowledgement to GEF for
providing funding, a GEF logo should appear alongside the UNDP logo on all relevant GEF
project publications, including among others, project hardware and vehicles purchased with GEF
funds. Any citation on publications regarding projects funded by GEF should also accord proper
acknowledgment to GEF.
 21

SECTION II – RESULTS AND RESOURCES FRAMEWORK

Table 2: Project Results and Resources Framework

Intended outcome/Country Programme Outcome:
Comprehensive approach to environmentally sustainable development integrated in national development planning.
Outcome indicators:

SLM mainstreamed into national policies, plans and legislation

Human resources and institutional capacities needed for SLM are developed

Capacities for knowledge management in SLM are developed

National Action Programme (NAP) for SLM is completed
Applicable Strategic Goal (from MYFF 2004-07) and MYFF Service Line
Goal 3: Managing energy and environment for sustainable development

Frameworks and strategies for sustainable development (SL 3.1)

Sustainable land management to combat desertification and land degradation (SL 3.4)
Partnership Strategy
The MSP being a co-shared programme will rely on certain activities of various other identified on-going projects to complement the activities of the MSP. Linkages
will be established to a number of on-going projects funded and or implemented by other donors. These will include, FAO-TCP, EGSP, NCSA, AMCAP, OCAP, ARP
III, MAPTIL, and the AUSAID funded community based watershed management project.
Possible partners would include:

National governments, especially the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) and its National Directorates, Secretariat of State for Environment
Coordination, Territorial Ordering and Physical Development (SECTOPD), and specifically, the Division of Environment (DOE), Ministry of Planning and Finance,
Ministry of Justice, local government authorities such as District/ Sub-district Administrators

Other Programmes/Projects of UNDP in Timor-Leste such as AMCAP, OCAP, EGSP,

Bilateral and multilateral development agencies working on complementary issues including, FAO, MAPTIL,

Various civil society groups, private bodies, and NGOs

Farmers and forest dwellers
Project Title:
Capacity Building in and Mainstreaming of Sustainable Land Management in Timor-Leste
Project Number:
Intended Outputs Output Targets Indicative Activities Responsible parties, inputs and Costs
Output 1.1: Incorporation of SLM into macro- 1.1.1 Prepare draft guidelines for mainstreaming SLM PIU/Ministry of Planning and
Integration of SLM into macro- economic policies and planning 1.1.2 Conduct workshops with stakeholders to validate Finance (MPF)
economic policies and regulatory and completed by end of year 1 draft documents
economic incentive frameworks and 1.1.3 Guide the approval process and inclusion of SLM 2 weeks International consultant,
multilateral and bilateral agreements into macro-economic policies and regulatory 1 month. National consultant
frameworks 1 workshop, prepare documents.
 22

GEF: US$ 11,500

Output 1.2: Integration of SLM into Forest 1.2.1 Prepare draft documents for integrating SLM into PIU/NDAL/NDCF
Integration of SLM into Forestry Sector Policy and Agriculture Policy Forestry and Agriculture Policies.
Policy and Agriculture and Livestock completed by mid-term 1.2.2 Validate the drafts by workshops and consultation 2 months National consultant,
Sector Policy 1.2.3 Make arrangements to incorporate SLM into the workshop, prepare documents
Policy documents
GEF: US$ 5,500

Output 1.3: The SLM investment plans 1.3.1 Review NAP and identify areas for investment in PIU/Ministry of Planning and
SLM investment plan linked to priority completed by mid-term SLM Finance
actions defined in the NAP 1.3.2 Prepare project concepts and cost estimates
1.3.3 Prepare investment plan for SLM 2 weeks international consultant,
1.5 months National consultant

GEF: US$ 10,864

Output 1.4: Donor meeting held and their 1.4.1 Hold informal meetings with donors on SLM PIU, NDCF, NDAL and MPF
Donor’s interested and commitment to commitment documented by year 1.4.2 Hold formal donors meetings and discuss
sustainable land management achieved 3 priorities SLM projects 2 months national consultant, donor
1.4.3 Prepare for SLM projects for funding by donors workshop, Report preparation

GEF: US$ 00

Output 2.1: 18 national level officers and 2.1.1 Prepare training material; prepare training PIU
Trained officers from NDCF, NDAL, 25 regional level officers trained. schedule and select trainees.
DOE, DOPW, NGOs, and NUTL at By mid-term 2.1.2 Train 18 officers from NDAL, NDCF, DOE, 2 months international
national and regional levels in technical MPF and Local NGOs in technical consultant, 2 months National
aspects of SLM 2.1.3 Train 25 officers at regional level, DFO, DAO, consultant, prepare training
DLO and DIO materials, conduct training
classes

GEF: US$ 70,000

Output 2.2: 20 villages, 50 community groups 2.2.1 Identify villages, communities and community PIU
Trained farmers and forest communities and 100 community members are members to be trained
at sucos and aldeia levels in SLM trained in SLM practices by year 2.2.2 Prepare training material and schedule training 2 months contract with NGO, 2
3 activities. months National consultant,
 23

2.2.3 Develop two pilot farmer field schools for prepare training materials,
training purpose conduct training classes
2.2.4 Train 20 villages in SLM activities
2.2.5 Train 50 community groups in SLM. GEF: US$ 39,000
2.2.6 Train 100 community members in SLM

Output 2.3: Gender workshop and guidelines 2.3.1 Conduct workshop on gender in SLM PIU/NGO
Gender sensitization workshop and completed by year 1. 2.3.2 Prepare, distribute and popularize the guideline
guidelines for integrating gender into 1 month NGO contract,
SLM activities workshop and publication

GEF: US$ 17,000

Output 2.4: Mandates, tools and guidelines 2.4.1 Review mandates of NDAL and NDCF and PIU/MAFF
Mandates of NDAL and NDCF developed by mid-term. strengthen mandates with regard to SLM
strengthened with special reference to 2.4.2 Develop tools and guidelines to enhance 1 month International
SLM and appropriate tools and analytical skills and inter-sectoral approaches Consultant, 2 workshops and
guidelines developed to enhance 2.4.3 Conduct a workshop on enhancing analytical publications – guidelines and
analytical skills and inter-sectoral skills and inter-sectoral approaches in SLM case studies
approaches 2.4.4 Publish workshop proceedings and guidelines
GEF: US$ 21,500

Output 3.1: Information on land use and land 3.1.1 Carry out detailed stocktaking (extent, intensity, PIU/DRE
Status report on land use and land degradation completed by year 3. forms and causes) of current land use and land
degradation in TL degradation. 6 months National consultants,
3.1.2 Conduct a workshop to validate the results and survey, workshop and
conclusions publication
3.1.3 Publish the information in English and local
language and in digital format. GEF: US$ 18,500

Output 3.2: Computerized land use database 3.2.1 Study the existing land use information system in PIU/DRE/GIS Unit
Computerized land use data base and and information system completed MAFF and identify gaps and needs to upgrade the
information system by year 3. system to meet the SLM needs. 3 months International
3.2.2 Develop an interagency protocol on information consultant, 3 months National
access and sharing and data standards consultant, computer, hardware
3.2.3 Create the new computerized land use data base and software
and information system.
3.2.4 Launch the system to facilitate / promote SLM GEF: US$ 104,587
 24

Output 3.3: Land rights and ownership study 3.3.1 Review the outcome and recommendations of the PIU/MoJ/NDLP
Assessment of land ownership, tenure completed by year 2 recent census and land survey.
and property rights 3.3.2 Review existing land laws and regulations, Contact with NUTL, land
including customary laws and practices. ownership and tenure survey,
3.3.3 Plan and implement a land ownership, tenure and workshop and publication
property rights survey covering forest and
agricultural lands. GEF: US$ 25,000
3.3.4 Conduct a workshop to validate the findings of
the survey and publish the report.

Output 3.4: Study impact of fuel wood 3.4.1 Review the current practice of fuel wood PIU/NDCF
An evaluation of the impact of fuel harvesting on watersheds harvesting and its impact on the watersheds.
wood harvesting on watersheds completed by mid-term 3.4.2 Identify the root causes – social, economic and 3 months National consultant,
cultural NGO contract, survey, workshop
3.4.3 Propose solution to reverse the situation, by and publication
creating sustainable supplies and limiting
demand for fuel wood. GEF: US$ 22,000
3.4.4 Organize a workshop to validate your findings,
and publish a report.

Output 3.5: Study of sustainable upland 3.5.1 Review current upland/ dry land farming PIU/NDAL
An evaluation of the impact of upland farming system completed by year practices.
and dry land farming practices on SLM 2 3.5.2 Review the MAFF proposed strategy and 4 months national consultant,
Programmes to increase productivity of upland rapid assessment of upland
farming systems farming, workshop and
3.5.3 Identify potential threats to land conservation, publication
land productivity and sustainability.
3.5.4 Recommend appropriate SLM practices and other GEF: US$ 16,000
measures to ensure the sustainability of upland
farming systems.
3.5.5 Organize a workshop to validate your findings,
and publish a report
Output 3.6: Report on a mechanism to 3.6.1 Review the current government ad donor
SLM investment plan linked to priority sustainability financing SLM financing mechanism and their strengths and PIU
actions defined in the NAP completed by year 3 weaknesses
3.6.2 Organize a workshop to discuss the issues and
formulate a mechanism for sustainable financing
SLM activities GEF: US$ 7,000
3.6.3 Consolidate the outcome of the workshop and
prepare a report
 25

Output 4.1: NAP completed by year 1 4.1.1 Assemble a national Team to formulate NAP PIU
Draft NAP document completed 4.1.2 Prepare draft NAP document
3 months National consultant

GEF: US$ 00
Output 4.2: Final and approved NAP 4.2.1 Validate the NAP through a national workshop. PIU
Final NAP document approved and document on SLM in English and 4.2.2 Guide the adoption of the NAP by the
supported by the Government, published local languages Government. 2 months National consultant, workshop,
and also made available in the local 4.2.3 Translate the NAP into the local language translation of documents.
language 4.2.4 Print the NAP documents and widely Govt. contribution in kind.
disseminate.
GEF: US$ 00
Management Cost: 4.1.3 Assemble a national Team to formulate NAP PIU (Project Manager, Project
(For Output 1, 2, 3 and 4) 4.1.4 Prepare draft NAP document Assistant, driver)
One project vehicle
Office equipment and furniture
Stationery

GEF: US$ 106,549

 26

SECTION III - TOTAL BUDGET AND WORK PLAN

Table 3: Total Budget & Work Plan

Award: 00045102
Award Title: PIMS 3405 LD MSP: Capacity Building in and Mainstreaming of SLM
Project ID: 00053217
Project Title: PIMS 3405 LD MSP: Capacity Building in and Mainstreaming of Sustainable Land Management in Timor-Leste
Implementing Partner/
Executing Agency: DEX: UNDP
GEF Responsible Source of Atlas Budgetary ERP/ATLAS Budget Description/Input Amount (USD) Amount (USD) Amount (USD) Total
Outcome/Atlas Party Funds Account Code Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 (USD)
Activity (2007) (2008) (2009)
OUTCOME 1: GEF 71200: Int. Consultant (4 weeks) 7,500.00 7,500.00 15,000.00
SLM GEF 71300: Nat. Consultant (5 months) 4,500.00 3,000.00 7,500.00
mainstreamed into
UNDP GEF 74500: Miscellaneous (2 workshops & Sundries) 3,000.00 4,864.00 7,864.00
national policies,
plans and
legislation Sub-total of Outcome 1 30,364.00
GEF 71200: Int. Consultant (2 months) 13,500.00 13,500.00 27,000.00
OUTCOME 2: GEF 71300: National Consultant (6 months) 3,000.00 4,500.00 1,500.00 9,000.00
Human resources
GEF 71400: Service Contract (for NGOs & Trainers) 7,000.00 42,000.00 14,000.00 63,000.00
and institutional
UNDP GEF 72500: Supplies (Stationery and Publications) 5,000.00 2,500.00 7,500.00
capacities needed
for SLM are Miscellaneous (Training material, 3
GEF
developed 74500: workshops & Sundries) 8,500.00 15,000.00 4,500.00 28,000.00
Sub-total of Outcome 2 134,500.00
GEF 71200: Int. Consultant (2.5 months) 34,000.00 34,000.00
GEF 71300: National Consultant (19 months) 13,500.00 10,500.00 4,500.00 28,500.00
GEF 71400: Service Contract (with UNTL, NGO, etc.) 7,500.00 26,500.00 34,000.00
OUTCOME 3:
Capacities for GEF 71600: Travel (DSA/ travel expenses) 3,000.00 8,000.00 11,000.00
knowledge GEF 72400: Communications & AV Equipment 4,587.00 4,587.00
UNDP
management in
SLM are GEF 72500: Supplies (Stationery & Publications) 1,000.00 8,500.00 3,000.00 12,500.00
developed Info Technology Equipment (Computer
GEF
72800: hardware & Soft ware) 50,000.00 50,000.00
GEF 74500: Miscellaneous (5 workshops, sundries) 750.00 13,750.00 2,500.00 17,000.00
Sub-total of Outcome 3 191,587.00
 27

71300: National Consultant (5 months) 0.00 0.00 0.00

OUTCOME 4:
National Action 72500: Supplies (Stationery & Publications) 0.00 0.00 0.00
UNDP Miscellaneous (2 workshops to prepare
Programme (NAP)
is completed 74500: NAP document) 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sub-total of Outcome 4 0.00
GEF 71400: Service Contracts (Project staffs) 24,260.00 26,460.00 26,460.00 77,180.00
Office equipment (one project vehicle,
GEF
72200: computers, furniture) 29,869.00 29,869.00
General GEF 72500: Supplies (Stationery & Publications) 2,000.00 1,000.00 1,000.00 4,000.00
Management UNDP
GEF 74100: Audit fees 4,000.00 4,000.00
Cost
GEF 74500: Miscellaneous (Induction workshop) 2,500.00 500.00 500.00 3,500.00
Sub-total of General Management Cost 118,549.00
TOTAL 475,000.00

Summary of Funds
GEF 475,000
UNDP 415,870
Government 43,350
Others (Trust Fund of East Timor) 98,750
Total Project Budget 1,032,970

Table 4: Detail Annual Workplan

Output Activities Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12
1.1 Documents for integration of 1.1.1 Prepare draft guidelines for
SLM into macro-economic mainstreaming SLM
policies and regulatory and 1.1.2 Conduct workshops with
economic incentive frameworks stakeholders to validate draft
documents
1.1.3 Guide the approval process
and inclusion of SLM into
macro-economic policies and
regulatory frameworks.
1.2 Documents for integration of 1.2.1 Prepare draft documents for
SLM into Forestry Sector Policy integrating SLM into Forestry
and Agriculture and Livestock and Agriculture Policies
 28

Output Activities Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12

Sector Policy. 1.2.2 Validate the drafts by
workshops and consultation
1.2.3 Make arrangements to
incorporate SLM into the Policy
documents
1.3 SLM investment plan 1.3.1 Review NAP and identify
areas for investment in SLM
1.3.2 Prepare project concepts
and cost estimates
1.3.3 Prepare investment plan
for SLM
1.4 Donors’ commitment to 1.4.1 Hold informal meetings
SLM with donors on SLM
1.4.2 Hold formal donors
meetings and discuss priorities
SLM projects
1.4.3 Prepare for SLM projects
for funding by donors
2.1 Trained officers from NDCF, 2.1.1 Prepare training material,
NDAL, and DOE at national and prepare training schedule and
regional levels select trainees.
2.1.2 Train 18 officers from
NDAL, NDCF, DOE, MPF and
Local NGOs in technical
2.1.3 Train 25 officers at
regional level, DFO, DAO, DLO
and DIO
2.2 Trained farmers and forest 2.2.1 Identify villages,
communities in SLM communities and community
members to be trained
2.2.2 Prepare training material
and schedule training activities.
2.2.3 Develop two pilot farmer
field schools for training purpose
2.2.4 Train 20 villages in SLM
activities.
2.2.5 Train 50 community
groups in SLM.
 29

Output Activities Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12

2.2.6 Train 100 community
members in SLM
2.3 Gender sensitization 2.3.1 Conduct workshop on
workshop and guidelines for gender in SLM
integrating gender into SLM 2.3.2 Prepare, distribute and
activities. popularize the guideline
2.4 Mandates of NDAL and 2.4.1 Review mandates of
NDCF strengthened with special NDAL and NDCF and
reference to SLM and strengthen mandates with regard
appropriate tools and guidelines to SLM
developed to enhance analytical 2.4.2 Develop tools and
skills and inter-sectoral guidelines to enhance analytical
approaches. skills and inter-sectoral
approaches.
2.4.3 Conduct a workshop on
enhancing analytical skills and
inter-sectoral approaches in
SLM.
2.4.4 Publish workshop
proceedings and guidelines.
3.1 Status report on land use and 3.1.1 Carry out detailed
land degradation in TL stocktaking (extent, intensity,
forms and causes) of current land
use and land degradation.
3.1.2 Conduct a workshop to
validate the results and
conclusions.
3.1.3 Publish the information in
English and local language and
in digital format.
3.2 Computerized land use 3.2.1 Study the existing land use
database and information system. information system in MAFF
and identify gaps and needs to
upgrade the system to meet the
SLM needs.
3.2.2 Develop an interagency
protocol on information access
and sharing and data standards
 30

Output Activities Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12

3.2.3 Create the new
computerized land use data base
and information system.
3.2.4 Launch the system to
facilitate / promote SLM
3.3 Assessment of land 3.3.1 Review the outcome and
ownership, tenure and property recommendations of the recent
rights of private, community and census and land survey.
public forest and agricultural 3.3.2 Review existing land laws
lands and regulations, including
customary laws and practices.
3.3.3 Plan and implement a land
ownership, tenure and property
rights survey covering forest and
agricultural lands.
3.3.4 Conduct a workshop to
validate the findings of the
survey and publish the report.
3. 4 An evaluation of the impact 3.4.1 Review the current practice
of fuel wood harvesting on of fuel wood harvesting and its
watersheds and impact on the watersheds.
recommendations to mitigate the 3.4.2 Identify the root causes –
adverse impacts. social, economic and cultural.
3.4.3 Propose solution to reverse
the situation, by creating
sustainable supplies and limiting
demand for fuel wood.
3.4.4 Organize a workshop to
validate your findings, and
publish a report.
3.5 Improving productivity and 3.5.1 Review current upland/ dry
sustainability of upland/ dry land land farming practices.
farming by adopting SLM. 3.5.2 Review the MAFF
proposed strategy and
Programmes to increase
productivity upland farming
systems.
 31

Output Activities Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12

3.5.3 Identify potential threats to
land conservation, land
productivity and sustainability.
3.5.4 Recommend appropriate
SLM practices and other
measures to ensure the
sustainability of upland farming
systems.
3.5.5 Organize a workshop to
validate your findings, and
publish a report
3.6 A report on a mechanism for 3.6.1 Review the current
sustainable financing SLM government ad donor financing
activities in TL mechanism and their strengths
and weaknesses
3.6.2 Organize a workshop to
discuss the issues and formulate
a mechanism for sustainable
financing SLM activities
3.6.3 Consolidate the outcome of
the workshop and prepare a
report
4.1. Draft NAP document on 4.1.1 Assemble a national Team
SLM to formulate NAP
4.1.2 Prepare draft NAP
document
4.2 Final and approved NAP 4.2.1 Validate the NAP through a
document on SLM in English national workshop.
and local languages 4.2.2 Guide the adoption of the
NAP by the Government.
4.2.3 Translate the NAP into the
local language
4.2.4 Print the NAP documents
and widely disseminate.
 32

ANNEXES
Annex1: Approved Proposal

(See in PIMS)

Annex 2: Terms of Reference for Project Manager, Project Steering Committee and
Project Working Committee

1. Project Manager

Background: The Project Manager (PM) will be responsible for the implementation of the
project, including the mobilization of all project inputs, supervision over project staff,
consultants and sub-contractors. The PM will be fully accountable to the General Director of
NDCF and to the Steering Committee for satisfactory execution of the entire project in
accordance with the DEX modality and will be responsible for meeting the government
obligations. The Project Manager will be the head of the Project Management Unit. The PM
shall perform a liaison role with government, UNDP, and all stakeholders involved with the
project.

Duties and Responsibilities

1. Overall management of the project.

2. Supervise and coordinate the production of project outputs as per the project document;
3. Ensure the technical coordination of the project;
4. Mobilize all project inputs in accordance with DEX procedures;
5. Finalize the ToR for the consultants and subcontractors;
6. Coordinate the recruitment and selection of project personnel;
7. Supervise and coordinate the work of all project staff, consultants and sub-contractors;
8. Work closely with project partners to closely coordinate all the actors involved with
achieving Project Outcomes, Outputs and Activities;
9. Supervise the work of all PIU staff.
10. Prepare and revise project work and financial plans, as required Government and UNDP;
11. Manage procurement of goods and services under UNDP guidelines and oversight of
contracts;
12. Ensure proper management of funds consistent with UNDP requirements, and budget
planning and control;
13. Establish project monitoring and reporting;
14. Arrange for audit of all project accounts for each fiscal year;
15. Prepare and ensure timely submission of quarterly financial consolidated reports, quarterly
consolidated progress reports, mid-term reports, and other reports as may be required by
UNDP.
16. Disseminate project reports to and respond to queries from concerned stakeholders;
17. Report progress of project to the Steering Committee.
18. Oversee the exchange and sharing of experiences and lessons learned with relevant
conservation and development projects nationally and internationally.
 33

19. Preparing a detailed annual work plan for the project

20. Undertaking any other activities that may be assigned by the Steering Committee.

Selection Criteria

1. Post-graduate degree in agriculture, natural resources management or other relevant

academic and profession qualifications with at least 10 years professional experience;
2. Proven extensive experience and technical ability to manage a large project and a good
technical knowledge in the fields related to SLM, participatory approaches and/or
environmental economics;
3. Effective interpersonal and negotiation skills proven through successful interactions with all
levels of project stakeholder groups, including senior government officials, business
executives, farmers and communities;
4. Ability to effectively coordinate a complex, multi-stakeholder project;
5. Ability to lead, manage and motivate teams of international and local consultants to achieve
results;
6. Good capacities for strategic thinking and planning.
7. Excellent communication skills; and
8. Knowledge of UNDP project implementation procedures, including procurement,
disbursements, and reporting and monitoring highly preferable.

Duration of the assignment: 3 years

2. Project Steering Committee (PSC)

The PSC will be composed of the Permanent Secretary (PS) or representative of the Minister or
Vice Minister of the key ministries related to SLM and will provide policy level guidance,
reviews project progress and project financial status, and reviews/endorses budget revisions. The
PS or representative of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) will chair the
PSC. The PSC membership will be the following:
1. PS, Ministry of Planning and Finance
2. PS, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
3. PS, Secretary of State for Environment Coordination, Territorial Ordering and Physical
Development.
4. PS, Office of the Vice Minister of Natural resources, Minerals, and Energy Policy
5. PS, Ministry of Public Works
6. Vice Chancellor, National University of Timor-Leste
7. UNDP

The principal tasks of the PSC are as follows:

1. Provide high level orientation and guidance for the project.

2. Ensure that the project develops in accordance with national development objectives, goals
and polices.
 34

3. Pay special attention to the assumptions and risks identified in the log frame, and seek
measures to minimize these threats to project success;
4. Ensure collaboration between institutions and free access on the part of project actors to key
documents, land information systems, remote sensing imagery, etc.
5. Pay special attention to the post-project sustainability of activities developed by the project.
6. Ensure the integration and coordination of project activities with other related government
and donor-funded initiatives.

Regular PSC meetings will be held on a three-monthly basis until the completion of the project.
Special sessions will be convened as required. The PM, in consultation with NDCF, will be
responsible for the timely formation of PSC.

3. Project Working Committee (PWC)

The Project Working Committee discusses any issues arising from day-to-day implementation of the
project. Members are of working level representatives of the key ministries related to SLM.
The head of the Executing Agency, the National Director of Forestry and Water Resources will
chair the PWC. The PSC membership will be the following:
1. Representative of the Ministry of Planning and Finance
2. Representative of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
3. Representative of the Secretary of State for Environment Coordination, Territorial Ordering
and Physical Development.
4. Representative of the Ministry of Natural resources, Minerals, and Energy Policy
5. Representative of the Ministry of Public Works
6. Representative of the National University of Timor-Leste
7. Representative of UNDP
8. Representative of NGOs (ex-officio)
9. Representative of the farmers group (ex-officio)

The PWC will be composed of 10 individuals from government, the private sector, NGOs, and
civil society institutions. PWC members will be composed of individuals who are widely
recognized as being amongst the most competent in their field. The suggested disciplines to be
included are the following: sustainable agriculture/soil science, forest management, watershed
protection, participatory approaches to natural resource management, remote sensing,
information management systems, and ecology.
Regular PWC meetings will take place on a monthly basis. Special sessions will be convened as
required. The PM, in consultation with NDCF, will be responsible for the timely formation of
PWC.
 35

Annex 2: Management Costs

Project Management Cost GEF Total

6.1 Project Manager 39,600 39,600
6.2 Project Assistant 19,800 19,800
6.3 Driver 8,280 8,280
6.4 Vehicle 23,119 23,119
6.5 Running costs for vehicle 5,000 5,000
6.6 Desktop computer 1,000 1,000
6.7 Lap-top computer (Note book) 1,500 1,500
6.8 Printer/Scanner/UPS 750 750
6.9 Phone line and phone 1,000 1,000
6.10 Furniture 1,000 1,000
6.11 Induction workshop 2,500 2,500
6.12 Audit fees 3,000 3,000
Total 106,549 106,549
 36

Annex 3: Project Management Work Plan

6. 1 Establishing PIU 6. 1.1 Recruit PM and other

staff of PIU
6.1.2 Set-up the PIU Office
6.1.3 Procure vehicle and
office equipment
6.2. Initial activities 6.2.1 Review the work plan in
the project document and
prepare a detailed work plan
6.2.2 Hold an Inception
Workshop
6.2.3 Prepare an Inception
Report
6.3. Implementation 6.3.1 Hold the first SC
mechanism meeting
6.3.2 Hold subsequent SC
meetings
6.3.3 Hold the first TAG
meeting
6.3.4 Hold subsequent TAG
meetings
6.4 Reviews and reports 6.4.1 Quarterly Progress
Reports
6.4.2 Annual Project Review
6.4.3 Mid-Term Review
6.4.4 Final Project Review
6.4.5 Annual Audit Report
6.4.6 Final Report (Project
Completion Report)
 37

Annex 4: Responsibility by Output

Outcome Output Lead Cooperating

responsibility Institutions
Outcome 1: SLM 1.1 Documents for integration of SLM into MPF MAFF,
mainstreamed into macro-economic policies and regulatory and SECTOPD and
national policies, plans economic incentive frameworks NUTL
and legislation 1.2 Documents for integration of SLM into Jointly by NDAL MPF and DOE
Forestry Sector Policy and Agriculture and and NDCF
Livestock Sector Policy.
1.3 SLM investment plan MPF MAFF and
SECTOPD
Outcome 2: Human 2.1 Trained officers from NDCF, NDAL, PIU NDCF
resources and institutional and DOE at national and regional levels NDAL,DOE,MPF,
capacities needed for SLM MPW, NUTL and
are developed NGO
2.2 Trained farmers and forest communities PIU NDCF, NDAL,
in SLM NDCF, ARP III
and NGO
2.3 Gender sensitization workshop and PIU/NGO NDAL, NDCF
guidelines for integrating gender into SLM and DOE
activities.
2.4 Enhanced capacity in analytical and MAFF NDAL, NDCF
advocacy skills and inter-sectoral and DOE
approaches.
Outcome 3: Capacities for 3.1 Status report on land degradation and DRE NDAL, NDCF
knowledge management in land use and DOE
SLM are developed 3.2 Computerized land use data base and GIS Unit/DRE NDAL, NDCF
information system and DOE
3.3 Assessment of land ownership, tenure Ministry of NDAL, NDCF,
and property rights of private, community Justice DOE and NUTL
and public forest and agricultural lands
3. 4 An evaluation of the impact of fuel NDCF NUTL, DOE and
wood harvesting on watersheds and MNREP
recommendations to mitigate the adverse
impacts.
3.5 Improving productivity and NDAL NDCF, DOE and
sustainability of upland/ dry land farming by NUTL
adopting SLM.
Outcome 4: The National 4.1. Draft NAP document on SLM PIU NDCF, NDAL,
Action Program (NAP) on DOE and MPF
SLM completed and 4.2 Final and approved NAP document on PIU NDCF, NDAL,
adopted SLM in English and local languages DOE and MPF
 38

CO-FINANCING BASELINE (ON-GOING) PROJECTS

Annex 5: Environmental Governance Support Programme (EGSP)

Summary

Objectives: The overall objective of the project is to enhance the GoTL’s capacity to develop
and implement environmental governance structures including policy formulation, legal-
regulatory frameworks and inter-ministerial coordination, both at national and international
levels, to support sustainable and equitable natural resources management in Timor-Leste.

The specific objectives of the project are:

1. Through NSCA process, identifying capacity constraints and determining actions to remove
the constraints to address global environmental management requirements, in a country
driven manner.
2. Developing and enhancing the capacity of GoTL to implement MEAs and to represent
Timor-Leste perspectives at global environmental forums.
3. Promoting inter-sectoral policy coordination, consistency and coherence through support to
the newly established Sustainable Development Inter-Ministerial Working Group and help
establish the envisioned related Task Forces.
4. Developing a strategy plan to support sustainable use of marine living resources.

Components and Activities:

Component I: National Capacity Self Assessment – Funded by GEF

Component II: Facilitate on-going MEA accession process by supporting GoTL to prepare for
and participate in MEA related international meetings, such as CoPs, and assist with cost-benefit
analysis of the accession to additional MEAs. An important element of this strategic analysis is
to assist GoTL access future GEF funds. This component is funded by UNDP TRAC resources.
Component III: Strengthening inter-sectoral collaboration, focusing on newly established
Sustainable Development Inter-Ministerial Working Group through support to its establishment
as a permanent Secretariat and creation of the envisioned Working Groups.
This component is funded by UNDP TRAC resources.
Component IV: To develop some key planning tools pertaining to integrated sustainable use of
marine resources. This component is funded by UNDP TRAC resources.

The cost of implementing components II and III are included into the co-financing cost of the
MSP.

Budget
Component I - Fund allocation – USD 200,000
Component II - Fund allocation – USD 69,000 (Co-financing MSP)
Component III - Fund allocation: USD 20, 000 (Co-financing MSP)
Component IV - Fund allocation – USD 74,000
Project Management – USD 37,000
 39

Outputs of the Environment Governance Support Programme matching with the outputs of MSP

Component Outputs Corresponding outputs in

MSP
Component II: National 2.1 The UNCBD and UNFCCC Outputs:
capacity developed to acceded by 2005. 1.1 Mainstreaming national policy
access and implement 2.2 Existence of qualified national (USD 20,000);
MEAs technical Focal Points on key MEAs. 1.2 Mainstreaming sector policies
2.3 Strategic plan for MEA (USD 14,000);
implementation 4.1 Draft NAP (USD 10,000); and
4.2 Final NAP (USD 15,000
Component III: 3.1 The Inter-Ministerial Working Output:
Formalization and Group established as a permanent 1.3 SLM Investment Plan
consolidation of Inter – Secretariat USD (20,000)
Ministerial Working Group 3.2 TORs, legal setting and
Operational Guidelines for Working
Groups and Task Force prepared.
3.3 Annual work plans for Working
Groups and Task Force prepared
 40

CO-FINANCING BASELINE (ON-GOING) PROJECTS

Annex 6: Ainaro & Manatuto Community Activation Project (AMCAP)

Summary

Objectives: The overall objective of the 5-Year Project is to increase food security and incomes
of poor households in Ainaro and Manatuto Districts on an environmentally sustainable basis,
using community-focused participatory methodologies. This will be achieved through the
development of sustainable upland farming systems, irrigation rehabilitation, livestock
improvement, local seed multiplication capacity, and reforestation while improving technical
capacities through a community training centre. In addition, the project will assist in key aspects
of community development, including healthcare, post-trauma community reconciliation and
women’s empowerment.

Immediate Objective 1: To establish effective project management and transparent

monitoring systems (Not directly related to the MSP).
Immediate Objective 2: To improve the productivity and sustainability of lowland and
upland farming (One output related to MSP).

Output 2.1: Local adoption of improved upland farming technologies through demonstration
units

Immediate Objective 3: To reverse severe upland environmental degradation through a

process of soil conservation and reforestation (All outputs related to MSP).

Output 3.1: Catchment management plan

Output 3.2: Village planting material supply programme and 5 commercial nurseries
Output 3.3: Gully planting and reforestation of upper slopes

Immediate Objective 4: To contribute to community empowerment with improved standard

of community nutrition and health in Ainaro district (Not directly related to the MSP).

Outputs and Activities of the AMCAP project matching with the outputs of MSP

Corresponding outputs in
Outputs/Activities Total
MSP
Training Nursery Operators (4) (A) 2,220 Outputs:
Training VFs (10) (A) 5,400 2.2 Training Village/community
Ainaro Community Training Centre 15,000 (USD 20,000) and
Training of Trainers 25,000 2.3 Gender workshop (USD
Training Extension Facilitators (A) 10,000 37,620)
Training Total 57,620
Purchase Tree Seeds/lings (A) 15,000 Outputs
Tree seedling distribution (A) 3,000 3.1 SLM Stocktaking (USD
 41

Vetiver splits for gully planting 22,500 52,000),

Tree seeds/seedlings for gully planting 22,500 3.2 Information System (USD
Community Resource Centre/Library 12,000 52,000),
Reforest/gully planting 182,250 3.3 Land ownership survey (USD
Environmental Monitoring (A) 12,000 52,000),
Knowledge management Total 269,250 3.4 Fuel wood study (USD 52,000),
and
3.5 Upland agriculture (USD
61,250)
 42

Annex 7: Third Agriculture Rehabilitation Project (ARP III)

Objective

The Third Agriculture Rehabilitation Project is basically a continuation and consolidation of the
Second Agriculture Rehabilitation Project. However, its expressed objective is modified in
keeping with the needs of the current time: To strengthen the capacity of the Ministry of
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) assist rural communities and its development
partners increase agricultural production and income in a sustainable way. This focuses the
project objective to the main goal of MAFF of attaining food security and generating
employment.

Project Components

Project Component 1: Participatory development and natural resources management (Relevant to

the MSP)
Project Component 2: Irrigation rehabilitation and management
Project Component 3: Services to farmers
Project Component 4: Programme management

Project Component 1
To strengthen the self reliance of poor upland and coastal communities of Timor-Leste through
participatory development and natural resources management.

Specific Objectives:

1. To continue supporting the implementation of community groups natural resources

management activities in 30 ARP II pilot villages.
2. To organize, training and provide support to additional 20 upland and coastal villages to
implement livelihood and natural resource management activities.

Expected Outputs

1. Continuation of the support to the community groups NRM activities in 30 pilot villages and
expansion of these activities to at least to 20 villages.
2. At least 200 community groups in the target villages are formed, trained and assisted to
implement livelihood and natural resource rehabilitation and conservation activities.
3. At least 3000 community members in the target villages are participating actively in the
implementation of NRM activities in their villages.
 43

Outputs and Activities of the ARP III project matching with the outputs of MSP

Corresponding outputs in
Components /Outputs Total
MSP
3.1 Training and Workshops 48,750 Output 2.2 Training at village /
community levels (USD
48,750)
4.1 Community grants/support to community groups 50,000 Out put 3.4 Fuel wood study
(USD 25,000) and 3.5 Upland
agriculture (USD 25,000)
 44

Annex 8: Land Use Classes and Estimated Areas

Land use Category Land Use Class Area ha %

Forested Land Coastal Forest- 19,709 1.32
Coastal Forest-Mangrove 1,802 0.12
Highland Forest-Moist Mixed 65,103 4.36
Highland Forest-Single Species 2,356 0.16
Dry Lowland Forest – Single Species 135,720 9.09
Moist Lowland Forest-Sparse 174,992 11.72
Moist Lowland Forest-Dense 261,694 17.52
Dry Lowland Forest- Mixed 189,080 12.66
Montane Forest 2,611 0.17
Wetland Forest-Swamp 269 0.02
Man-Made Forest 918 0.06
Commercial Agriculture Estate Crops 68,074 4.56
Small Holder Estate Crops 6,504 0.44
Water Bodies Lake 5,080 0.34
Cities and Industrial Land Cities and Large Towns 13,346 0.89
Villages and Gardens Villages and Mix Gardens 6,588 0.44
Agricultural Land Dry Land Arable – Food Crops 284,300 19.04
Wet Land Arable 45,856 3.07
Shifting Cultivation Areas 6,244 0.42
Non-productive Dry land Grassland 107,090 7.17
Savanna 93,378 6.25
Bare Land 2,279 0.15
Non –productive Wetland Shrub, grasses and Reeds 405 0.03
Total land area 1,493,399 100
 45

Annex 9: Ecological Regions of Timor-Leste

Timor-Leste can be divided into six ecological regions, namely:

Mountainous areas

Highland plains

Moist lowland areas

Arid lowland areas

Marine and coastal areas

Urban areas

Mountainous areas: The mountainous areas are characterized by very steep terrain, at
altitudes above 600 m. Temperatures are below 24o C, rainfall is above 1500 mm per year,
and the dry season lasts four months. Vegetation was originally rainforest, semi-evergreen
forest or moist deciduous forest. In this region, parts of the primary forest are still intact, but
generally large tracts of even very steep slopes have been cultivated. As a consequence, this
is a region where frequent landslides are presently experienced during the rainy season.

Highland plains: The highland plains lie mostly between 300 and 700 m above sea level,
and are presently dominated by agricultural land. The highland plains in East Timor differ
significantly in soil types and availability of water. Large parts of the Maliana plains are
cultivated for irrigated rice production, and will in normal years constitute an important part
of the “bread basket” of East Timor. The plains around Lospalos, on the other hand are
mainly used for grazing. The top soil types cause the area to be swampy in the rainy season,
whereas in the dry season the clayey soils dry out and crack-up. The plains around Baucau
airport are generally dryer and less cultivated. The groundwater level is shallow, so that
while people in the escarpment have an abundance of water all year around, people on the
plains have to dig deep wells to access water during the dry season.

Moist lowland areas: Moist lowland areas may roughly correspond to the climatic zone
along the southern coast at altitudes between 0 and 600 m, where the temperatures are above
24o C, there is a heavier rainfall and the dry season lasts three months. The original
vegetation was mainly moist deciduous forest, semi-evergreen forest, or rainforests. Human
activities have changed this zone into cultivated lands, plantations, secondary vegetation, and
some bad lands. On the southern coast, the coastal plain is quite wide, but the ecosystem also
includes steep hillsides.

Arid lowland areas: Arid lowland areas may roughly correspond to the climatic zone
constituted by altitude between 0 and 600 m along the northern coast, where the mean
temperature is above 24o C, annual rainfall is below 1500 mm, and the dry season lasts 5
months. Vegetation is to a large extent reduced from the original deciduous forest to
cultivated land, savanna-like grasslands, badlands or secondary forests. The flat coastal
plains are narrow, and a large proportion of this zone is steep hillsides.

Marine and coastal areas: Marine and coastal areas consists of the shallow seas close to
land, with coral reef and other valuable marine ecosystems, specialized coastal vegetation
 46

like mangroves, and land areas close to the sea, where the population obtain important
resources for subsistence and income from the resources in the sea. The marine fisheries are
also important for the coastal zone population, and the marine ecosystems are therefore
included here.

Urban areas: The urban areas in East Timor are small, but face specific environmental
problems, while also influencing the environmental situation in the surrounding countryside.

It may be important to point out that these ecosystem types of East Timor are inter-
connected. The soil erosion, land slides, and ensuing problems for farmers are communities
in the higher altitudes lead to increased particle transport in the rivers; the soils are moved
downstream. These sediments cause siltation of irrigation channels and destruction of related
infrastructure in lowland areas. Removal of forest vegetation in the upper parts of the
watersheds increases the frequency and size of flash floods. Thus, poor, or ill-informed
management in the upper watersheds harm the livelihoods and property of the people in the
lower watersheds.
 47

Annex 10. Use of the products from KM

Output KM objects The use of the KM outputs

Output 3.1 Status reports on land use and land The report will be published and widely
degradation in TL. disseminated. Information on land use and land
degradation would be readily available and used
by policy planners, technical departments and
land users in implementing SLM.
Output 3.2 Computerized land use database Information on agricultural and forestland uses
and information system. would be digitized and integrated into a
computerized land information system. The staff
of MAFF and DOE and others will have ready
access to the information, via off-line (CD- Rom
based) and on-line (intranet/ internet).
Government departments, NGOs, private sector,
etc. will use the information system to plan and
manage all land uses in an integrated manner and
to promote SLM.
Output 3.3 Assessment of land ownership, The report will be published and widely
tenure and property rights. disseminated. Information on land ownership and
land rights including public, private and
communal lands and protected areas would be
available to relevant departments and others. The
information will be used for land use planning and
to promote SLM.
Output 3.4 An evaluation of the impact of fuel The report will be published and widely
wood harvesting on watersheds. disseminated. The staff of MAFF and in
particular, NDCF, will use the information
generated by the study to formulate projects and
programmes in forest conservation, fuel wood
production and watershed management. The study
will form the basis to formulate a full-size project
on this subject.
Output 3.5 An evaluation of the impact of The report will be published and widely
upland and dry land farming disseminated. The staff of MAFF and in particular
practices on SLM. NDAL, will use the information generated by the
study to formulate projects and programmes to
improve upland and dry land farming practices.
The study will form the basis to formulate a full-
size project on this subject.
Output 3.6 A study to identify potential The report will be used by the government and the
mechanisms for sustainability donor community to develop a donor support
financing SLM. strategy and programme and ensure sustainable
financing of SLM in TL.
 48

SIGNATURE PAGE

Country: Timor-Leste

UNDAF Outcome(s)/Indicator(s): To integrate the principle of sustainable development

(Link to UNDAF outcome) into country policies and programmes.

Expected Outcome(s)/ Indicator(s): Comprehensive approach to environmentally sustainable

(CP outcomes linked to SRF/MYFF goal and service line) development integrated in national development planning.
G3 – Environment and Energy for livelihood.
G3-SGN1-SASN1-Policy Framework.
(3) Energy and Environment for Sustainable Development.
(3.4) Sustainable land management to combat
desertification and land degradation.

Expected Output(s)/ Indicator(s): A National Strategy for Sustainable Development (NSSD)

(CP outcomes linked to SRF/MYFF goal and service line) with national implementation targets adopted.

Implementing partner: United Nations Development Programme

(designated institution/Executing agency) Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

Other Partners: Secretariat of State for Environment Coordination,

(formerly implementing agencies ) Territorial Ordering and Physical Development

Programme Period: 2007-2009 Budget

Programme Component: Total Budget of the Programme: US$ 1,032,970

Project Title: Capacity Building in and Total Budget of the Project: US$ 475,000
Mainstreaming of Sustainable Land
Management in Timor-Leste Allocated resources:
• GEF: US$ 475,000
Project ID: 00053217 • UNDP Timor-Leste: US$ 415,870
Project Duration: 3 years • GoTL in kind contributions: US$ 43,350
Management Arrangement: DEX • Others (Trust Fund of
East Timor): US$ 98,750

Agreed by Government: _______________________________________________________

Agreed by Implementing
Partner/Executing Agency:_____________________________________________________

Agreed by UNDP:_____________________________________________________________