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Alrich Israel: Table 1: Observed Values of The Data

This document analyzes calcium content data from cereal grains stored for different lengths of time. Descriptive statistics show the data is normally distributed. A one-way ANOVA test found a significant difference in calcium levels between the storage times. Post-hoc analysis revealed the mean calcium content was significantly higher after three months of storage compared to grains stored zero or one months.

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Alrich Israel
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68 views5 pages

Alrich Israel: Table 1: Observed Values of The Data

This document analyzes calcium content data from cereal grains stored for different lengths of time. Descriptive statistics show the data is normally distributed. A one-way ANOVA test found a significant difference in calcium levels between the storage times. Post-hoc analysis revealed the mean calcium content was significantly higher after three months of storage compared to grains stored zero or one months.

Uploaded by

Alrich Israel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Alrich Israel

Descriptives

Statistic Std. Error

Amount of Calcium Mean 58.8342 .34326

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 58.1241

Upper Bound 59.5442

5% Trimmed Mean 58.8340

Median 58.8900

Variance 2.828

Std. Deviation 1.68160

Minimum 55.21

Maximum 62.32

Range 7.11

Interquartile Range 2.16

Skewness -.038 .472

Kurtosis .214 .918

Table 1 : Observed Values of the data

Tests of Normality

Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.

Amount of Calcium .105 24 .200* .982 24 .926

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.


a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Table 2 : Test of normality on the amount of calcium


Alrich Israel

Figure 1: Q-Q probability plot of the data

Figure 2: Box plot of the data of each storage time


Alrich Israel

Figure 3: Histogram of the data

ONE WAY ANOVA


Descriptives

Amount of Calcium

95% Confidence Interval for


Mean

N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound Minimum Maximum

Zero months 6 57.4933 1.37481 .56126 56.0506 58.9361 55.21 58.91


One month 6 57.9517 1.32889 .54252 56.5571 59.3462 56.43 59.75
Two months 6 59.5533 .89694 .36618 58.6120 60.4946 58.01 60.38
Three months 6 60.3383 1.45590 .59437 58.8105 61.8662 58.76 62.32
Total 24 58.8342 1.68160 .34326 58.1241 59.5442 55.21 62.32

Table 3: Observed Values of the data


Alrich Israel

ANOVA
Amount of Calcium

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

Between Groups 32.138 3 10.713 6.512 .003


Within Groups 32.901 20 1.645
Total 65.039 23

Table 4: Results of the one-way ANOVA test

Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: Amount of Calcium
Tukey HSD

Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval

(I) Storage Time (J) Storage Time (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound

Zero months One month -.45833 .74051 .925 -2.5310 1.6143

Two months -2.06000 .74051 .052 -4.1326 .0126

Three months -2.84500* .74051 .005 -4.9176 -.7724


One month Zero months .45833 .74051 .925 -1.6143 2.5310
Two months -1.60167 .74051 .168 -3.6743 .4710
Three months -2.38667* .74051 .020 -4.4593 -.3140
Two months Zero months 2.06000 .74051 .052 -.0126 4.1326
One month 1.60167 .74051 .168 -.4710 3.6743
Three months -.78500 .74051 .717 -2.8576 1.2876
Three months Zero months 2.84500* .74051 .005 .7724 4.9176

One month 2.38667* .74051 .020 .3140 4.4593

Two months .78500 .74051 .717 -1.2876 2.8576

*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.

Table 4: Post-Hoc analysis of the one-way ANOVA test


Alrich Israel
INTERPRETATION

It is observed that the data gathered has four groups and it was observed that they are
parametric since it shows that the Q-Q probability plot forms a straight line and that
Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-wilk tests shows that the data is normally distributed. After
determining that the data are normally distributed, One-way ANOVA test was conducted to
analyze if the 4 storage times have a significant difference. The null hypothesis is H 0 = there
is no significant difference in the mean calcium content of the cereal grains and alternative
hypothesis is Ha = there is a significant difference in the mean calcium content of the cereal
grains. The significance value obtained was p=0.003 which is less than the significance value
of 0.05. Therefore, null hypothesis is rejected and there is a significant difference in the mean
calcium content of the cereal grains. There is also significant evidence that the mean calcium
content is not equal for the four storage times from the Post-Hoc analysis

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