1.

) A single phase line operating at 60 Hz consist of two 4/0 12-strand copper

conductors with 1.5 m spacing between conductor centers and has a flat
horizontal spacing with 5.49 m average line height. Calculate the capacitance-
to-neutral in F/m for the single phase line. Neglect the effect of the earth plane.

Solution:

𝟎.𝟓𝟓𝟐
4/0 12-strand copper conductor: 𝒓 = 𝒊𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝒄𝒎 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝒎
𝟐
𝑫𝒎 = 𝟏. 𝟓 ; 𝑫𝒔 = 𝒓

𝟐𝝅𝜺𝟎
Formula: 𝑪= ⁄ 𝑫𝒎 F/m
𝐥𝐧
𝑫𝒔

2𝜋(8.854𝑥10−12 )
𝑪= ⁄ 1.5𝑚
ln 0.007𝑚

𝑪 = 1.0365 x 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟏 F/m answer

2.) A 60 Hz single phase, two-wire overhead line has solid cylindrical conductors
arranged in the form of an equilateral triangle with 4 ft conductor spacing
conductor diameter is 0.5 in. Calculate the capacitance to neutral in F/m.
Neglect the effect of the earth plane.

Solution:

4 ft = 1.2192 m

Diameter = 0.5 in = 1.27 cm = 0.0127 m

r = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟐𝟕𝒎⁄𝟐 = 𝟔. 𝟑𝟓𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟑 𝒎

Ds = r ; 𝑫𝒎 = 𝟑√(𝟏. 𝟐𝟏𝟗𝟐)(𝟏. 𝟐𝟏𝟗𝟐)(𝟏. 𝟐𝟏𝟗𝟐)

𝑫𝒎 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟏𝟗𝟐

𝟐𝝅𝜺𝟎
Formula: 𝑪= ⁄ 𝑫𝒎 F/m
𝐥𝐧 𝑫𝒔

2𝜋(8.854𝑥10−12 )
𝑪= ⁄ 1.2192 𝑚
ln
6.35𝑥10−3 𝑚
 𝑪 = 1.0581𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟏 F/m answ

FIGURE A.

3.) Figure A shows the conductor configuration of a completely transported three-

phase overhead transmission line with bundled phase conductors. All conductors
have a radius of 0.74 cm with a 30 cm bundle spacing. The line is operating at 60
Hz. Determine the (a) line to neutral capacitance in nF/km per phase, (b)
Capacitive reactance in Ω per phase for a line length of 160 km.

Solution:

r = 0.74 cm = 0.0074 m
d = 30 cm = 0.30 m

𝟐𝝅𝜺𝟎
Formula used: 𝑪 = ⁄ 𝑫𝒆𝒒 F/m ; 𝑫𝒆𝒒 = √𝑫𝒂𝒃 𝑫𝒃𝒄 𝑫𝒂𝒄 ; 𝑫𝒔𝒄 = √(𝒓)(𝒅)
𝟑

𝐥𝐧 𝑫𝒔𝒄

𝑫𝒆𝒒 = 𝟑√𝑫𝒂𝒃 𝑫𝒃𝒄 𝑫𝒂𝒄 𝑫𝒔𝒄 = √(𝒓)(𝒅)

Deq = 3√(6)(6)(12) Dsc = √(0.0074)(0.30)

𝑫𝒆𝒒 = 7.5595 m 𝐃𝐬𝐜 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟒𝟕𝟏 m

𝟐𝝅𝜺𝟎
a. 𝑪/𝒑𝒉𝒂𝒔𝒆 = ⁄ 𝑫𝒆𝒒
𝐥𝐧 𝑫𝒔𝒄

𝟐𝝅(𝟖. 𝟖𝟓𝟒𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟐 )
𝑪/𝒑𝒉𝒂𝒔𝒆 = ⁄ 𝟕.𝟓𝟓𝟗𝟓
𝐥𝐧 𝟎.𝟎𝟒𝟕𝟏

𝑪 /𝒑𝒉𝒂𝒔𝒆 = (1.0955𝑥10−11 ) F/m (1000m/km)

𝑪 /phase = 1.0955𝑥10−8 F/km

𝑪/𝒑𝒉𝒂𝒔𝒆 = 10.955 nF/km answer

b. 𝑪 = 𝟏/𝟐𝝅𝒇𝑿𝒄 ; f = 60

𝑪/𝒑𝒉𝒂𝒔𝒆 = 10.955 nF/km ( 160 km)

 𝑪/𝒑𝒉𝒂𝒔𝒆 = 1.7528 𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟔 F

𝟏𝟎. 𝟗𝟓𝟓𝒏𝑭 = 𝟏/(𝟐𝝅(𝟔𝟎)𝑿𝒄 )

𝟏
𝑿𝒄 =
𝟐𝝅(𝟔𝟎)(𝟏. 𝟕𝟓𝟐𝟖𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟔 )

Xc = 1513.34 𝛀 answer

4.) A three-phase transmission line is 30 km long. The outside diameter of the

conductors is 0.721 inch and has an equilateral spacing of 4 ft. Determine the
capacitance per phase of the line.

Solution:

𝟐𝝅𝜺𝟎
Formula: 𝑪= ⁄ 𝑫𝒆𝒒 ; constant : 𝜺𝟎 = 𝟖. 𝟖𝟓𝟒𝒙𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟐
𝐥𝐧 𝑫𝒔𝒄

Diameter = 0.721 inch ;

r = 0.721⁄2 = 0.3605 𝑖𝑛 = 0.91567𝑐𝑚 = 0.00916

D = 4 ft = 1.2192 m ;

transmission line distance = 30 km = 30000m

𝟐𝝅𝜺𝟎
𝑪= ⁄ 𝑫
𝐥𝐧 𝒓

𝟐𝝅𝜺𝟎
𝑪= ⁄ 𝟏.𝟐𝟏𝟗𝟐
𝐥𝐧 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟗𝟏𝟔

𝐶 = 1.1374 𝑥 10−11 F/m

 𝐶 = (1.1374 𝑥 10−11 F/m) (30000m)

𝐶 = 3.4122 𝑥 10−7 F
𝑪 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟒𝟏𝟐 𝝁 𝑭 answer

5.) A three phase transmission line has flat horizontal spacing with 2m between
adjacent conductors. At a certain instant the charge on one of the outside
conductors is 60 micro C per km, and the charge on the center conductor and
on the other outside conductor is -30 micro C per km. The radius of each
conductor is 0.8 cm. Neglect the effect of the ground and find the voltage drop
between the two identically charged conductors at the instant specified.

Solution:
𝑞𝑎 = 60 𝑥 10−6 𝐶/𝑘𝑚
𝑞𝑎 = 𝑞𝑐 = −30 𝑥 10−6 𝐶/𝑘𝑚
10−6 4 2 𝑟
𝑉𝑏𝑐 = (60 ln 2 − 30 𝑙𝑛 𝑟 − 30 𝑙𝑛 2) where r is in meters
2𝜋𝑘

10−6 𝑥 60
=
2𝜋 𝑥 8.85 𝑥 10−9
= 𝟕𝟒𝟒. 𝟓 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒕𝒔 answer

6.) The 60 Hz Capacitive reactance to neutral of a solid conductor, which is one

conductor of a single phase line with 5 ft spacing, is 196.1 kΩ- mi. What value of
reactance would be specified in a table listing the capacitive reactance in
ohms-miles to neutral of the conductor at 1 ft spacing for 25 Hz? What is the
cross-sectional area of the conductor in circular mils?

Solution:
At 5-ft spacing,
5
𝑋𝑐 = 2.965 𝑥 104 ln = 196, 100 Ω ∙ 𝑚𝑖
𝑟
5
𝑙𝑛 = 6.614
𝑟
𝑟 = 0.00670 𝑓𝑡 𝑜𝑟 0.0805 𝑖𝑛
= (2 𝑥 0.0805 𝑥 1000)2
𝒓 = 𝟐𝟓, 𝟗𝟗𝟐 𝒄𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒓 𝒎𝒊𝒍𝒔 answer
At 1-ft spacing and 25 Hz
1.779 1
𝑋𝑐 = 𝑥 106 ln
25 0.00670
𝑿𝒄 = 𝟑𝟓𝟔, 𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝜴 ∙ 𝒎𝒊

7.) Determine the capacitance to neutral (in µF/km) of a three phase line with
three Cardinal ACSR conductors equilaterally spaced 20 ft apart. What is the
charging current of the line (in A/km) at 60 Hz and 100 kV line to line?

Solution:
For Cardinal conductors,
1.196 1
𝑟= = 𝑓𝑡
2 12
2𝜋 𝑥 8.85 𝑥 10−12
𝐶𝑛 = 𝐹/𝑚
20
ln
(1.196)/24
= 9.276 𝑥 10−12 𝐹/𝑚
= 9.276 𝑥 10−3 𝜇𝐹/𝑘𝑚
100 𝑥 103
𝐼𝑐ℎ𝑔 = 2𝜋 𝑥 60 𝑥 9.276 𝑥 10−9 𝑥 𝐴/𝑘𝑚
√3
= 𝟎. 𝟐𝟎𝟐 𝑨/𝒌𝒎 answer

8.) A three phase 60 Hz line has flat horizontal spacing. The conductors have an
outside diameter of 3.28 cm with 12 m between conductors. Determine the
capacitive reactance to neutral in ohm-meters and the capacitive reactance
of the line in ohms if its length is 125 miles.

Solution:
3
𝐷𝑒𝑞 = √12 𝑥 12 𝑥 24 = 15.12 𝑚
0.0328
𝑟= = 0.0164
2
2.862 15.12
𝑋𝑐 = 𝑥 109 ln = 3.256 𝑥 108 Ω ∙ 𝑚
60 0.0164

For 152 miles,

3.256 𝑥 108
𝑋𝑐 = = 𝟏𝟔𝟏𝟗 𝛀 answer
125 𝑥 1609
9. A three-phase 60-Hz transmission line has its conductors arranged in a
triangular formation so that two of the distances between conductors are
25ft and the third is 42 ft. The conductors are ACSR Osprey. Determine the
capacitance to neutral in microfarads per mile and the capacitive
reactance to neutral in ohm-miles. If the line is 150 mi long, find the
capacitive to neutral and capacitive reactance of the line.
Solution:

Osprey diameter = 0.879 in

3
𝐷𝑒𝑞 = √25 × 25 × 42 = 29.72 𝑓𝑡
2𝜋(8.854 × 10−12 ) 𝐹
𝐶𝑛 = ⁄𝑚 = 8.301 × 10−12 𝐹⁄𝑚 = 8.301 × 10−6 × 1.609 𝜇𝐹⁄𝑚
29.72 × 12
𝑙𝑛 . 879
2
𝜇𝐹
= 0.01336 ⁄𝑚𝑖
106
𝑋𝐶 = = 0.1985 × 106 𝑜ℎ𝑚. 𝑚𝑖
377 × 0.01336
From Table A.3, 𝑋𝑎′ = 0.0981. Interpolation from Table A.4 yields 𝑋𝑑′ =
0.0999 + 0.7290.1011 − 0.0999) = 0.1006. From Table A.4, Xc=0.1987×
106 𝑜ℎ𝑚 − 𝑚𝑖.
For 150 miles,
𝐶𝑛 = 150 × 0.01336 = 2.004𝜇𝐹
0.1987
𝑋𝑐 = × 106 = 1325 𝑜ℎ𝑚
150

10. Determine the capacitance to neutral/meter of a single circuit, 3 phase,

60 He transmission using conductors of 0.8cm diameter each with a
spacing distance of 6m between adjacent conductors on horizontal
arrangement.
Solution:

𝐷𝑆 = 3√𝐷𝐴𝐴 𝐷𝐵𝐵 𝐷𝐶𝐶

𝐷𝐴𝐴 = 𝐷𝐵𝐵 = 𝐷𝐶𝐶 = 𝑟 = 0.006
3
𝐷𝑆 = √(. 006)(. 006)(. 006) = 0.006
3
𝐷𝑀 = √(6)(6)(12) = 7.56
2𝜋(8.854 × 10−12 )
𝐶𝑁 =
7.56
𝑙𝑛 0.006
𝑝𝐹
𝐶𝑁 = 7.793 ⁄𝑚

11. A 230 kV, 60 Hz, 3 phase, single circuit 200 mile transmission line with
conductors having a GMR of .0176. if it uses a triangular arrangement
with spacing of 10 ft,10 ft and 20 ft repectively, det. the capacitance to
neutral/mile.
Solution:
3
𝐷𝑀 = √(10)(10)(20) = 12.6 𝑓𝑡.
2𝜋(8.854 × 10−12 ) 𝑝𝐹
𝐶𝑁 = = 8.46 ⁄𝑚
12.6
𝑙𝑛 0.0176
12. Determine the capacitive reactance to neutral in ohm-meters and the
capacitive reactance in ohms of a 150 mile, 3 phase, 60 Hz line that is
using a horizontal arrangement of the conductors having an outside
diameter of 4 cm with 15 meters spacing between conductors.
Solution:
3
𝐷𝑒𝑞 = √15𝑥15𝑥30 = 18.9 𝑚
0.04
𝑟= = 0.02
2
2.862 18.9
𝑋𝐶 = × 109 𝑙𝑛 = 3.268 × 108 𝑜ℎ𝑚 − 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
60 0.02
3,268 × 108
𝑋𝐶 = = 1354 𝑜ℎ𝑚
150 × 1609
 SORSOGON STATE COLLEGE
Engineering-Architecture Department
Sorsogon City Campus

CAPACITANCE

 Single Phase Two-Wire Line

 Three Phase
 Three-Wire Line with Equal Phase Spacing

Submitted by:
Aldwin John Broqueza
Jhon Cris H. Coranes
Mary Joy D. Diasanta