HISTORY OF FACIAL RECOGNITION:

Until (not very long ago), face recognition technology was commonly viewed as something
straight out of science fiction. But over the past ten years, this new and exciting technology has
not just become doable/possible, it has become (existing all over a large area). In fact, it's
difficult to read technology news these days without visually perceiving something about face
apperception.

There are more than two, but not a lot of businesses getting good things from this technology.
Police services businesses/government units are using face apperception to keep communities
safer. Stores are turning away/avoiding criminal act and violence. Airports are changing
travelers' accommodation and security. And mobile phone companies are using face
recognition to provide people who use a product or service with starting to happen layers of
recording something about the body security.

It may seem to some that facial recognition came out/became visible from nowhere. But in
truth, this technology has been in the works for some time. This post will take a visual
examination of the history of face apperception in order to light up/educate how this super-
important tech came to be, and how it has changed and gotten better over time.[7]

Here are some key events in the history of facial recognition:

MANUAL QUANTIFICATIONS BY BLEDSOE (1960S)
Many would speak that the father of facial was recognition Woodrow Wilson Bledsoe. Working
in the 1960s, Bledsoe developed a system that could push away photos of faces by hand using
what's kenned as a RAND tablet, a thing that people could use to input flat/left-and-right and
up-and-down coordinates on a grid using a stylus that gave off/given off related to electricity
producing magnetic fields pulses. The system could be used to something to manually record
the coordinate locations of assorted different facial features including the eye-related
perceivers, nasal discerner, hairline and mouth.

These numbers that measure things could then be inserted in a computer file full of
information. Then, when the system was given a starting to happen photograph of an
individual, it was able to retrieve the image from the computer file full of information that
closest looked like that individual. At the time, face apperception was very unfortunately held
back carefully/strictly/in a high-quality way by the technology of the time in history and
computer processing strength. However, it was a most important first step in proving that face
apperception was a doable/possible recording something about the body.

INCREMENTED PRECISION WITH 21 FACIAL MARKERS (1970S)

In the 1970s, Goldstein, Harmon, and Lesk were able to (combine different things together so
they work as one unit) incremented high quality to a manual facial apperception system. They
used 21 categorical open to opinion and judging; not black-and-white markers including lip
thickness and hair color in order to identify faces automatically. As with Bledsoe's system, the
real the science of recording information about the body had to still be manually figured
out/calculated.

EIGENFACES (TARDY 1980S-EARLY 1990S)

In 1988, Sirovich and Kirby begun applying linear math (where letters stand for numbers) to the
puzzling and difficult situation of facial apperception. What became kenned as the Eigenface
approach begun as a search for a low-dimensional representation of facial images. Sirovich and
Kriby were able to show that feature analysis on a collection over time of facial images could
compose a set of basic and simple features. They were with all/also able to show that less than
one hundred values were needed/demanded in order to in a way that's close to the truth or
true number code an usual/ commonly and regular/ healthy zed face image.

In 1991, Turk and Pentland expanded upon the Eigen face approach by discovering how to
detect faces within images. This led to the first events of automatic face apperception. Their
approach was held back by related to computers and science and related to surrounding
conditions or the health of the Earth factors, but it was a most important sudden progress past
an old problem in proving the ability to actually be done of automatic facial apperception.

FERET PROGRAM (1993-2000S)

The Wall Advanced Research Projects service business/government unit/power/functioning
(DARPA) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology rolled out the Face
Apperception Technology FERET program beginning in the 1990s in order to make bold the
commercial face apperception market. The project involved causing/creating a computer file
full of information of facial images. The computer file full of information was updated in 2003
to include bright and sharp 24-bit color versions of images. Included in the test set were 2,413
still facial images representing 856 people. The hope was that a very huge computer file full of
information of test images for facial apperception would be able to inspire invention of new
things that might result in more powerful facial apperception technology. [13]

SUPER BOWL XXXV (2002)

At the 2002 Super Bowl, police people in charge of something used facial apperception in a
major test of the technology. While people in charge of something reported that more than
two, but not a lot of "small and unimportant criminals" were detected, overall the test was
visually seen as a failure. Wrong positives and strong negative reaction from criticizers proved
that face apperception wasn't quite ready/understood for most important time. One of the
very huge related to computers and science restrictions at the time was that face apperception
did not yet work well in hugely huge crowds, ability to do things that is extremely important to
using face apperception for event security.

FACE RECOGNITION VENDOR TESTS (2000S)

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) begun Face Apperception Vendor
Tests (FRVT) in the early 2000s. Building on FERET, FRVTs were designed to provide
independent government in power processes of figuring out the worth, amount, or quality of
something of facial apperception systems that were commercially available, as well as early
model technologies. These processes of figuring out the worth, amount, or quality of something
were designed to provide police services businesses/government units and the U.S.
government in power with information required to decide/figure out the best ways to send out
and use facial apperception technology.

LAW ENFORCEMENT FORENSIC DATABASE (2009)

In 2009, the Pinellas County Sherriff's Office caused/created an extremely careful, crime-
solving, science-based computer file full of information that sanctioned officers to tap into the
photo storehouses of old things of the state's Department of Highway Safety and Motor buses,
cars, trains, etc. DHSMV By 2011, about 170 deputies had been outfitted with cameras that let
them take pictures of suspects that could be cross-checked against the computer file full of
information. This resulted in more understands/captures and criminal acts of asking questions
and trying to find the truth about something than would have otherwise been possible. [11]

CONVIVIAL MEDIA (2010-PRESENT)

Beginning in 2010, Facebook begun putting into use facial apperception ability to do things that
got/helped identify people whose faces may be featured in the photos that Facebook users
update daily. While the feature was instantly something that causes arguments between
people with the news media, sparking a big amount of privacy-from the same origin or family
articles, Facebook users at sizably huge size/huge numbers did not seem to mind. Having no
apparent on the surface bad effect on the website's use or quality of being liked a lot or done a
lot, more than 350 million photos are uploaded and tagged using face apperception each day.

FIRST MAJOR INSTALLATION OF FACE RECOGNITION IN AN AIRPORT (2011)

In 2011, the government in power of Panama, partnering with then-U.S. Secretary of Homeland
Security Janet Napolitano, sanctioned a pilot program of Face First's facial apperception raised,
flat supporting surface in order to cut down on illegal activity in Panama's Tucuman airport
kenned as a hub for drug secretly and illegally taking out/bringing in and organized criminal act.
Shortly after putting into use, the system resulted in the worry about the future/capture of
multiple Interpol suspects. Pleased with the richness of the first use/military service, Face First
expanded into the facility's north terminal. The Face First putting into use at Tucuman remains
the most sizably huge size/huge numbers the science of recording information about the body
installation at an airport to date. [12]

OSAMA BIN LADEN IDENTIFIED (2011)

Face apperception has been used more and more for extremely careful, science-based crime
solving by police and military professionals. It is often the most effective way to positively
identify dead bodies. In fact, facial apperception was made used to to get/help back up with
proof the identity of Osama bin Laden after he was killed in a U.S. sudden attack. [10]

LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES ADOPT MOBILE FACE RECOGNITION (2014)

Beginning in 2014, The Automated related to a large area Equity Information System (ARJIS),
begun supplying partner services businesses/government units with Face First's mobile basic
technology that runs a computer strengthening face apperception for police. ARJIS, a
complicated criminal equity business/project network that helps increase/shows in a good way
information and data sharing among local, state and federal police services
businesses/government units, wanted to solve a critical puzzling and difficult situation: instant
identification for people who had no ID or did not update to be identified. Some of the services
businesses/government units that begun using mobile face apperception to identify suspects in
the field include San Diego police, DOJ, FBI, DEA, CBP and U.S. Marshalls.[9]

FACE RECOGNITION "INEVITABLE" FOR RETAIL (2017)

As face apperception is adopted by retail more fast than any other industry, experts are taking
note. In a recent webinar, D&D Daily Publisher and Editor Gus Downing by speaking/related to
speaking expressed that face apperception is on an "unavoidable path to retail adoption."
Downing, thought about/believed one of the best loss elimination thought leaders that should
be watched, is just one expert that now visually perceives huge advantages for stores who use a
face apperception system.
IPHONE X (2017)
Apple gave up the iPhone X in 2017, advertising face apperception as one of it's first or most
important starting to happen features. The face recognition system in the phone is used for
thing security. The starting to happen model of iPhone sold out almost instantly, proving that
people who use a product or service now accept facial apperception as the starting to happen
gold standard for security. [8]

WATCHLIST AS AN ACCOMMODATION (2017)

It's becoming quicker or easily done than ever for organizations to benefit from facial
apperception technology. This year, Face First introduced Watch List as a Change to help
someone/place to live and sleep (WaaS) at the NRF Wall meeting to discuss things/meeting
together. WaaS is a starting to happen face apperception data raised, flat supporting surface
designed to get/help turn away/avoid shoplifting and hateful criminal act. WatchList includes a
managed computer file full of information of kenned criminals that showy way of
standing/mental attitude a safety, theft or hateful criminal act danger. The computer file full of
information works together with the Face First recording something about the body secretly
recording/watching people raised, flat supporting surface, which uses feature matching
technology to alert security about real-time threats.

https://www.eff.org/wp/law-enforcement-use-face-recognition
https://www.macrumors.com/2017/12/08/iphone-x-vs-oneplus-5t-facial-recognition/
https://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm?c_id=2&objectid=10723264
https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/228415.pdf
https://www.facefirst.com/blog/brief-history-of-face-recognition-software/
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8065/f4bb15b6c93ca1c64a89b1eccc73d78e3783.pdf
https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/face-recognition-technology-feret