CHAPTER II

FEASIBILITY STUDIES

For our feasibility study, we used two types of methods of acquiring information
and sources on completing our project, which are primary sources and secondary sources.

2.1 BRAINSTORMING

Figure 2.1: Brainstorming of Wudu Kiosk

2.2 MIND MAPPING

Figure 2.2: Mind Mapping Of Portable Wudu Kiosk

2.3 PRIMARY SOURCES
2.3.1 SURVEY (QUESTIONNAIRE)

As the primary source, we use the survey method, which is questionnaire

where we asked 12 questions about our product and distribute to the public
to answer to know the result before we started the project.

Refer to Appendix A for questionnaire sample.

2.3.1.1 SAMPLES

Target Population:

All consumers in Kedah, Melaka, Selangor and Kelantan.

Specific Population:

10 Muslims and 10 workers at every area. Area UTC Alor Setar, Teluk Panglima
Garang, Ayer Keroh, Gombak and Pengkalan Chepa.

Sample:

All Muslims who wants to take wudu before they perform prayer at area UTC Alor
Setar, Teluk Panglima Garang, Ayer Keroh, Gombak and Pengkalan Chepa.

2.3.1.2 LOCATION

We have conducted a survey in public area around UTC Alor Setar, Teluk
Panglima Garang, Ayer Keroh, Gombak and also in Pengkalan Chepa for our
feasibility study. This is because the populations of Muslims are high and
easy for us to get feedback.

2.3.1.3 DURATION

We conduct the survey on February 23rd, 2015 until February 28th, 2015 at 8am
until 3pm.
 SURVEY QUESTION

We also conducted feasibility studies to gather the information of our product.

The techniques we use in obtaining data regarding our product are via distributing
questionnaire and making an observation. From the questionnaire, it consists of
two parts namely personal information and respondents’ opinion of our product.
We create two types of questionnaire, which is for public and for workers. We
contribute the questionnaire for workers among officer. All the result we get, we
analyze it into bar graph as shown below.

2.3.2.1 DATA ANALYSIS PUBLIC AND WORKERS

Q3. Do you have any problem with overcrowding in washrooms while taking wudu during event
or occasion?

PROBLEM WITH OVERCROWDING IN WASHROOMS

YES NO

74%

26%

YES NO

Figure 1

Figure 1 clearly shows that 74% from respondents are having problem with overcrowding in
washrooms. This situation occurs when lots of people want to use the washrooms at the same
time.
Q4. How do you feel about cleanliness and hygienic at the current wudu area? (P)

Q4. Do you satisfied with cleanliness and hygienic at your office wudu area? (W)

CLEANLINESS AND HYGIENIC AT THE WUDU AREA

Satisfied Unsatisfied

58%

42%

Satisfied Unsatisfied

Figure 2

CLEANLINESS AND HYGIENIC AT OFFICE WUDU AREA

Satisfied Unsatisfied

72%

28%

Satisfied Unsatisfied

Figure 3
 Based on Figure 2 and 3, majority respondents unsatisfied with the cleanliness at
the wudu area. And even at office wudu area, mostly staffs are not satisfied with the
cleanliness. It shows that people does not care about cleanliness at the wudu area.

Q5. Which position are you comfortable with while perform wudu? (P)

Q10. Are you comfortable with position while you taking wudu? (W)

Q8. Do you prefer to use chair if it is provided at the wudu area? (P)

COMFORTABLE POSITION TO TAKE WUDU

Sitting Standing

52%

48%

Sitting Standing

Figure 4
 COMFORTABLE WITH POSITION WHILE TAKING WUDU
YES NO

82%

18%

YES NO

Figure 5

CHAIR REQUIREMENT AT THE WUDU AREA

YES NO

70%

30%

YES NO

Figure 6

Refer to figure above, it clearly shows that most people and workers comfortable
with position while they taking wudu. They preferred to stand during perform wudu
because chairs are not provided at wudu area in Malaysia. And they willing to use chair if
it is provided at the wudu area where 70% of respondents ticking yes.
Q6. Is the current wudu place suitable for those in wheelchair or with limited mobility? *

*(For disabled people only)

Q6. Is the current wudu place suitable for those in wheelchair or with limited mobility? *

*(For disabled people only)

COMPATIBILITY OF CURRENT WUDU AREA FOR

DISABLED PEOPLE
YES NO

6%

YES NO

Figure 7
 SUITABILITY OF CURRENT WUDU PLACE FOR
DISABLED PEOPLE
YES NO

4%

YES NO

Figure 8

Figure 7 and 8 clearly shows that only 6% from public respondent and 4% from
workers who are disabled people not agree about compatibility of current wudu area for
disabled people. This is because mostly wudu areas not provide any suitable space for
them.

Q7. If the wudu space is crowded, do you willing to take wudu from wudu kiosk? (P)

Q7. If the wudu space is crowded, do you willing to take wudu from wudu kiosk? (W)
 TAKING WUDU FROM WUDU KIOSK
YES NO

98%

2%

YES NO

Figure 9

TAKING WUDU FROM WUDU KIOSK

YES NO
94%

6%

YES NO

Figure 10

Diagram 9 and 10 shows that majority of respondents willing to take wudu from
wudu kiosk if wudu space is crowded because they looking for place to perform wudu
comfortably. Ease for them if they are rushing.
Q9. Do you have any problem with queuing at mosque to perform wudu during break
hour? (P)

Q6. Do you have problem with queues at musolla/prayer room to perform wudu during
break hour? (W)

PROBLEM WITH QUEUS AT MOSQUE DURING BREAK

HOUR

YES NO
58%

42%

YES NO

Figure 11
 PROBLEM WITH QUEUES AT MUSOLLA DURING
BREAK HOUR
YES NO

64%

36%

YES NO

Figure 12

Figure 11 and 12 clearly shows that people have problem with queues during break
hours but not for staff. I assumed that most of the staff performs prayer at the mosque or
at their home. And public have problem cause of “run on" that occurs when aging or
overused manual taps or valves fail to close completely at the wudu area.
Q10. Do you think they should provide dryer at the wudu area to avoid wet floor?

DRYER NECESSITY AT THE WUDU AREA

YES NO

58%

42%

YES NO

Figure 13

Figure 13 clearly shows that 58% of the respondents are agreed with the dryer
necessity at the wudu area to avoid wet floor. It may cause slippery cause if the floor wet
at the wudu place. It unsafe for the aged.
Q11. Have you see people let the tap opened for the next performer to take wudu?

SEEING PEOPLE LET THE TAP OPEN

YES NO

78%

22%

YES NO

Figure 14

From the bar graph above we can conclude that people are not aware about
wastage of water by letting the tap opened for the next performer to take wudu. This is
because 78% of the respondent always seen that scenario at the wudu area.

Q12. Are you willing to close the tap if it is not closed properly at the wudu area?
 WILLING TO CLOSE THE TAP IF IT IS NOT CLOSED PROPERLY

YES NO

74%

26%

YES NO

Figure 15

Refer to the figure 15, we can see how people concern to close the tap if the tap is not
closed properly at the wudu area. This can be proofed by the percentage of respondent
who willing to close the tap is 74%.
Q5. Is there any specific space for women staff to take wudu? (W)

Q11. Do they provide privacy at the wudu space for you to take wudu?* (W)

(for woman only)

SPECIFIC SPACE FOR WOMEN STAFF

Yes NO

58%

42%

Yes NO

Figure 16

PRIVACY SPACE TO TAKE WUDU

YES NO

26%

18%

YES NO

Figure 17
 Figure above obviously shows that there is no specific space and privacy space
for women staff to take wudu at the office. It comes into problem when they have to take
wudu at the toilet because specific space is not provided for them at the office.

Q3. Where is the current place for staff to perform wudu? (W)

Q8. Do they provide specific space for staff to take wudu? (W)

CURRENT PLACE TO PERFORM WUDU

Toilet Musolla

62%

38%

Toilet Musolla

Figure 18
 SPECIFIC SPACE FOR STAFF TO TAKE WUDU
YES NO

56%

44%

YES NO

Figure 19

Refer to the figure 18, mostly staff taking wudu at the musolla compared to toilet cause of
cleanliness. Based of figure 19, 56% of the respondents ticking yes for having specific
space for staff to take wudu and the other 44% ticking no. It possibly office owner is not a
Muslim.
 2.3.2 OBSERVATION

March 6th, 2015. 1:15pm

Figure 20 People Queuing at Mosque

Based on diagram above, it shows that, the wudu area is overcrowded. Peoples are queued
awaiting for their turn to take wudu. This scenario definitely shows us that people need more wudu
space to take wudu. Thus, they do not have to wait for too long for their turn. Existing of wudu
kiosk may overcome this situation where it enables people to perform wudu by using it. Portability
of the Wudu Kiosk make it more functional when it can also be used at anyplace and anytime.
2.4 SECONDARY SOURCES

2.4.1 INTERNET RESEARCH

As the secondary source, we use Internet research as the main method for
us to find data about our product. We have research part by part of our product to
confirm the materials for every part of our product. From the research, there have
several materials that have been selected for our project.

Moreover, from this research we have found some of existing product that
resemble to our own and most of the company that invent the products are not
from Malaysia. We have made the comparison between current products to make
some enhancement to our product.

2.4.2 ENGINEERING RESEARCH

2.4.2.1AUTOMATIC SENSOR TAP

An automatic sensor taps combine four key components: Solenoid valve, infrared
sensor and power source.

I. SOLENOID VALVE
Transforming electrical energy into motion, the solenoid physically starts and stops
the water flow. Auto taps products use "latching" solenoid valves. The solenoid valve is
initially energized to start the water flow; the plunger is driven into the range of a
permanent magnet, which in turn holds the plunger in the "open" position. In order to return the
plunger into its original "closed" position the solenoid is once again "pulsed" but this time by
reversing polarity.

II. INFRARED SENSOR COMPONENT

When the sensor senses the presence of an object (i.e. user’s hands) in front of the
 tap and sends a signal to the solenoid valve to initiate the flow of water. When the
object is no longer present, the infrared unit sends an electronic signal to the
solenoid valve again to terminate the flow of water usually after a few seconds.

III. POWER SOURCE

Most of our Auto taps have the possibility to be powered by regular AA batteries
(Alkaline) or by mains via a 6V transformer. Batteries and transformers are included
with most of our products.

DIAGRAM

(Source: masukkan url)

Figure 3.5.1: How It Works

1. OBJECT
An object i.e. hands approaches the sensor eye '3'
 The infrared proximity is triggered or
disrupted once an object enters its infrared sensing zone '2'

2. INFRARED SENSOR RANGE

The proximity sensor zone is live once powered (Typical sensor range 20-26cm wide)

3. SENSOR EYE
The sensor eye part beams out infrared signal

4. SENSOR SIGNAL WIRE

The sensor signal wire transfers or sends an electronic signal to the solenoid valve '5' to
OPEN or CLOSE

5. SOLENOID VALVE
The solenoid valve acts as a latching mechanism that restricts or allows water to flow through
it.It opens up and releases water through the flexible hose '7' as soon as an electronic signal
is received from the sensor '3'. The solenoid valve is always in CLOSED position, and opens
up once an electronic signal is received, it goes back to CLOSED position when the object
'1' leaves the infra red sensing zone '2'

6. WATER IN (HOT, COLD OR PREMIX WATER): ENTRY

Main water supply entry.

7. WATER OUT PASSAGE (FLEXIBLE HOSE)

The flexible hose transfers water released from the solenoid valve '5' to the sensor tap '8'.
8. WATER OUT: EXIT
Water exits- Water let through the solenoid valve comes out

DC- Direct Current- Battery compartment

AC- Alternate Current: Transformer connected to mains power supply

2.4.2.2 WATER SPRAY SYSTEM

1 AUTOMATED SPRAY NOZZLE

Choose from a Wide Range of Air- or Electrically-Actuated Air Atomizing and Hydraulic
Nozzles in Dozens of Configurations, Capacities and Cycling Speeds.

BENEFITS

 Air-actuated air atomizing nozzles that use compressed air and a

pressurized or siphoned liquid
 Electrically-actuated air atomizing nozzles, with a 24-VDC solenoid coil, that
don't require compressed air
 Air-actuated hydraulic nozzles that are specially designed to precisely
disperse and meter pressurized liquids
  Electrically-actuated hydraulic nozzles with a 24-VDC solenoid coil

2 STANDARD SPRAY NOZZLE

Choose from Thousands of Nozzles in a Wide Range of Spray Patterns, Capacities,
Pressures and Materials

BENEFITS

 Wide range of spray patterns and spray angles – flat spray, solid stream, full
cone, hollow cone, fine spray, oval and square with angles from 0° to 170° –
ensures you'll find the coverage you need
 Flow rates from .025 to 2500 gpm (.09 to 9464 l/min) and pressures up to
4000 psi (276 bar)
 Dozens of material options, wear-, chemical-, corrosion- and temperature-
resistance you need. Standard materials include a wide range of metals and
plastics; high-performance alloys are available
 Clog-resistant styles, easy-maintenance designs, wide range of connection
sizes and types and dozens of mounting options let you choose the exact
features you need
2.4.2.3 SIPHON

Siphon can be described as a tube or pipe that allows liquid to flow from the higher
level to the lower level. Siphon allows liquids to flow uphill, above the surface of the tank
or reservoir, without pumps. Liquids flow down the tube under the pull of gravity. The liquid
is discharged at a level lower than the surface of the reservoir or the tank. The pull on the
surface of liquids from a higher to lower altitude is known as siphoning.

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF A SIPHON

Siphon works because of gravity. The gravity pulling down on the taller column of
liquid causes less pressure at the top of a siphon. The mass of water entering the tube
and flowing upward is equal to the mass of water flowing downwards and leaving the tube.
A siphon draws the liquid out of the reservoir until the level of the tube or pipe falls below
the intake of the liquid. It continues to work until the outlet of a siphon equals the level of
the reservoir.

HOW SIPHON WORKS

Siphon is a U-shaped flexible tube. An ordinary pipe can also function as a siphon.
One end of the siphon is inserted into the reservoir and the other end is left free inside a
container to collect falling liquid. The siphon is started using a priming pump. Priming is a
process of filling the siphon tube with fluid or liquid so that hydrostatic pressure is formed.
Once the siphon is started, it continues to pull liquid out of the reservoir until the pipe is
removed or the reservoir becomes empty. One of the simplest ways of priming a siphon
is to suck the tube or the pipe like a straw until it is filled with the liquid, thus initiating the
siphoning process. Electric or manual pumps are used in case of large siphons. A
siphon continues to run until it starts to suck air or the liquid is completely pumped out.

2.4.2.4 WATER PUMP MOTOR

A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by

mechanical action. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the
method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.
 Pumps operate by some mechanism (typically reciprocating or rotary), and consume
energy to perform mechanical work by moving the fluid. Pumps operate via many energy sources,
including manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power, come in many sizes, from
microscopic for use in medical applications to large industrial pumps.

Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications such as pumping water from
wells, aquarium filtering, pond filtering and aeration, in the car industry for water-cooling and fuel
injection, in the energy industry for pumping oil and natural gas or for operating cooling towers. In
the medical industry, pumps are used for biochemical processes in developing and manufacturing
medicine, and as artificial replacements for body parts, in particular the artificial heart and penile
prosthesis.

(Source: http://www.lelong.com.my/tsunami-0-5hp-multi-stage-stainless-steel-automatic-water-
pump-mypowertools-117741780-2013-10-Sale-P.htm )

Figure 3.5.4: Water Pump Motor

 2.4.2.5 COLLAPSIBLE WATER TANK

Specifications Reusable pillow tank PVC/ TPU Large Capacity 50L--50, 000L Suitable Multiple
Climate Shape: pillow, round, cubic. Storage capacity is 500-50,000. Temperature (° C): -30~+70.

ADVANTAGES

 Foldable
 Light weight
 Portable
 Durable
 Low maintenance
 Simple installation

(Source:
http://www.diytrade.com/china/pd/2836412/collapsible_drinking_water_tank_with_ring
s.html )

Figure 3.5.5: Water Tank

 2.4.2.6 WHEEL KIT

The Wheel Kit can move your Product from place to place easier than ever. Simply set your
product into the storage position, tip it and walk. The ladder rolls behind you that easily. It's made
to last. Suitable for all base surfaces.

(Source: http://power.kohler.com/powerequipment/us-en/product/Universal_Wheel_Kit )

Figure 3.5.6: Wheel Kit