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Polynomials

1. The document discusses key concepts about polynomials including: degrees of polynomials, forms of quadratic and cubic polynomials, zeros of polynomials, and the division algorithm for polynomials. 2. It provides examples of relationships between the zeros and coefficients of quadratic polynomials, such as the sum and product of the zeros. 3. The document concludes with multiple choice, short answer, and long answer questions testing understanding of polynomials and relationships between their zeros and coefficients.

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AVINASH KUMAR
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
282 views6 pages

Polynomials

1. The document discusses key concepts about polynomials including: degrees of polynomials, forms of quadratic and cubic polynomials, zeros of polynomials, and the division algorithm for polynomials. 2. It provides examples of relationships between the zeros and coefficients of quadratic polynomials, such as the sum and product of the zeros. 3. The document concludes with multiple choice, short answer, and long answer questions testing understanding of polynomials and relationships between their zeros and coefficients.

Uploaded by

AVINASH KUMAR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 2

POLYNOMIALS

KEY POINTS
1. Polynomials of degrees 1, 2 and 3 are called linear, quadratic and cubic
polynomials respectively.
2. A quadratic polynomial in x with real coefficient is of the form ax2 + bx + c,
where a, b, c are real number with a  0.
3. The zeroes of a polynomial p(x) are precisely the x–coordinates of the
points where the graph of y = p(x) intersects the x-axis i.e. x = a is a zero
of polynomial p(x) if p(a) = 0.
4. A polynomial can have at most the same number of zeros as the degree
of polynomial.
5. For quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c (a  0)

b
Sum of zeros  
a
c
Product of zeros  .
a
6. The division algorithm states that given any polynomial p(x) and polynomial
g(x), there are polynomials q(x) and r(x) such that :
p(x) = g(x).q (x) + r(x), g(x)  0
where r(x) = 0 or degree of r(x) < degree of g(x).

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. A real no.  is a zero of the polynomial f(x) if

(a) f() > 0 (b) f() = 0

(c) f() < 0 (d) none

X – Maths 9
2. The zeros of a polynomial f(x) are the coordinates of the points where the
graph of y = f(x) intersects

(a) x-axis (b) y-axis

(c) origin (d) (x, y)

3. If  is 0 zero of f(x) then ____ is one of the factors of f(x)

(a) (x – ) (b) (x – 2)

(c) (x + ) (d) (2x – )

4. If (y – a) is factor of f(y) then ___ is a zero of f(y)

(a) y (b) a

(c) 2a (d) 2y

5. Which of the following is not correct for : A quadratic polynomial may


have

(a) no real zeros (b) two equal real


zeros

(c) two distinct zeros (d) three real zeros.

6. Cubic poly x = f(y) cuts y-axis at almost

(a) one point (b) two points

(c) three points (d) four points

7. Polynomial x2 + 1 has ___ zeros

(a) only one real (b) no real

(c) only two real (d) one real and the


other non-real.

8. If ,  are the zeros of the polynomials f (x) = x 2 + x + 1 then


1 1
  ________
 
(a) 1 (b) –1
(c) 0 (d) none

10 X – Maths
9. If one of the zero of the polynomial g(x) = (k2 + 4) x2 + 13x + 4k is
reciprocal of the other then k = ___

(a) 2 (b) – 2

(c) 1 (d) – 1

10. If 2 is a zero of both the polynomial, 3x2 + ax – 14 and 2x – b then


a – 2b = ___

(a) –2 (b) 7

(c) –8 (d) –7

11. If zeros of the polynomial ax2 + bx + c are reciprocal of each other then

(a) a = c (b) a = b

(c) b = c (d) a = – c

12. The zeros of the polynomial h(x) = (x – 5) (x2 – x–6) are

(a) –2, 3, 5 (b) –2, –3, –5

(c) 2, –3, –5 (d) 2, 3, 5

13. Graph of y = ax2 + bx + c intersects x-axis at 2 distinct points if

(a) b2 –4ac > 0 (b) b2 – 4ac < 0

(c) b2 –4ac = 0 (d) none

SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

14. If  and  are the zeros of the polynomial 2x2 – 7x + 3. Find the sum of
the reciprocal of its zeros.

15. If  are the zeros of the polynomial p(x) = x2 – a (x + 1) – b such that
( + 1) ( + 1) = 0 then find value of b.

16. If   are the zeros of the polynomial x2 – (k + 6) x + 2 (2k – 1). Find
1
k if     .
2
17. If (x + p) is a factor of the polynomial 2x2 + 2px + 5x + 10 find p.

18.   
Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 5  3 2 and 5  3 2 . 
X – Maths 11
1
19. If and – 2 are respectively product and sum of the zeroes of a quadratic
5
polynomial. Find the polynomial.
2
20. Find zeroes of 3x  8x  4 3.

21. If (x + k) is a factor of the polynomial x2–2x–15 and x3 + a. Find k and a.

22. Form a quadratic polynomial, one of whose zero is  2  5  and the


sum of zeros is 4.

23. If sum of the zeroes of kx2 + 3k + 2x is equal to their product. Find k.

24. If one zero of 4x2 – 9 – 8kx is negative of the other find k.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

25. Find the zeroes of 6x2 – 3 – 7x. Verify the relationship between the zeros
and coefficients.

26. If one zero of he polynomial (a2 + a) x2 + 13x + 6a is reciprocal of the


other, find value (s) of a.

27. –5 is one of the zeroes of 2x 2 + px – 15. Quadratic polynomial


p(x2 + x) + k has both the zeros equal to each other. Then find k.

28. Find the value of k such that 3x2 + 2kx + x – k – 5 has the sum of the
zeros as half of their product.

29. If f(x) = 2x4 – 5x3 + x2 + 3x – 2 is divided by g(x) the quotient is


q(x) = 2x2 – 5x + 3 and r(x) = – 2x + 1 find g(x).

30. If (x – 2) is one of the factors of x3 – 3x2 – 4x + 12 find the other zeros.

31. If  and  are the zeros of he polynomial x2 – 5x + k such that  –  =


1, find the value of k.

32. If   are zeros of quadratic polynomial 2x2 + 5x + k, find the value of
k, such that (  )2 –  = 24.

33. Obtain all zeros of x4 – x3 –7x2 + x + 6 if 3 and 1 are zeros.

34. Find all the zeros of the polynomial 4x4 – 20x3 + 23x2 + 5x – 6 if two of
its zeros are 2 and 3.

12 X – Maths
35. If 2  3  and  2  3  are two zeroes of x4 – 4x3 – 8x2 + 36x – 9
find the other two zeroes.

36. What must be subtracted from 8x4 + 14x3 – 4x2 + 7x – 8 so that the
resulting polynomial is exactly divisible by 4x2 + 3x – 2.

37. When we add p(x) to 4x4 + 2x3 – 2x2 + x – 1 the resulting polynomial is
divisible by x2 + 2x – 3 find p(x).

38. Find a and f if (x4 + x3 + 8x2 + ax + f) is a multiple of (x2 + 1).

39. If the polynomial 6x4 + 8x3 + 17x2 + 21x + 7 is divided by 3x2 + 1 + 4x


then r(x) = (ax + b) find a and b.

 3 
40. Obtain all the zeroes of 2x4 – 2x3 – 7x2 + 3x + 6 if  x   are two
 2
 
factors of this polynomial.

41. Find all the zeroes of x4 – 3x3 – x2 + 9x – 6 if – 3 and 3 are two of


its zeros.

42. If (x3 – 3x + 1) is one of the factors of the polynomial x5 – 4x3 + x2 + 3x


+ 1, find the other two factors.

43. What does the graph of the polynomial ax2 + bx + c represents. What
type of graph will it represent (i) for a > 0, (ii) for a < 0. What happens
if a = 0.

ANSWERS
1. b 2. a

3. a 4. b

5. a 6. c

7. b 8. b

9. a 10. d

11. a 12. a

X – Maths 13
1 1 7
13. a 14.  
  3

15. 1 16. k = 7

17. p = 2 18. x2 – 10x + 7

2 1 2
19. x  2x  20. 2 3, 3
5 3

21. k = – 5, 3 and a = –125 + 27 22. x2 – 4x – 1

23. 2 24. 0

3

1 3
25.  , 26. 5
3 2

7
27. p  7, k  28. k = 1
4

29. g(x) = x2 – 1 30. –2, 3

31. k = 6 32. k = 2

1 1
33. –2, –1 34.  , 
2 2

35. ± 3 36. 14x – 10

37. 61x + 65 38. r(x) = 0


  a  1 x   f  7   0 

 a  1 and f  7 

3
39. r (x) = x + 2 = ax + f  a = 1 and f = 2 40. 2, 1 
2

41.  3, 1, 2 42. (x – 1), (x + 1)

43. A curve (parabola) upward parabola, downward parabola, straight line.

14 X – Maths

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