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Adding two polynomials using Linked List
Given two polynomial numbers represented by a linked list. Write a function that add these lists means
add the coe cients who have same variable powers.

Example:

Input:
1st number = 5x^2 + 4x^1 + 2x^0
2nd number = 5x^1 + 5x^0
Output:
5x^2 + 9x^1 + 7x^0
Input:
1st number = 5x^3 + 4x^2 + 2x^0
2nd number = 5x^1 + 5x^0
Output:
5x^3 + 4x^2 + 5x^1 + 7x^0

Recommended: Please solve it on “PRACTICE” rst, before moving on to the solution.▲

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// C++ program for addition of two polynomials

// using Linked Lists
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// Node structure containing power and coefficient of variable

struct Node
{
int coeff;
int pow;
struct Node *next;
};

// Function to create new node

void create_node(int x, int y, struct Node **temp)
{
struct Node *r, *z;
z = *temp;
if(z == NULL)
{
r =(struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
r->coeff = x;
r->pow = y;
*temp = r;
r->next = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
r = r->next;
r->next = NULL;
}
else
{
r->coeff = x;
r->pow = y;
r->next = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
r = r->next;
r->next = NULL;
}
}

// Function Adding two polynomial numbers

void polyadd(struct Node *poly1, struct Node *poly2, struct Node *poly)
{
while(poly1->next && poly2->next)
{
// If power of 1st polynomial is greater then 2nd, then store 1st as it is
// and move its pointer
if(poly1->pow > poly2->pow)
{
poly->pow = poly1->pow;
poly->coeff = poly1->coeff;
poly1 = poly1->next;
}

// If power of 2nd polynomial is greater then 1st, then store 2nd as it is

// and move its pointer
else if(poly1->pow < poly2->pow)
{
poly->pow = poly2->pow; ▲
poly->coeff = poly2->coeff;
poly2 = poly2->next;
}

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// If power of both polynomial numbers is same then add their coefficients

else
{
poly->pow = poly1->pow;
poly->coeff = poly1->coeff+poly2->coeff;
poly1 = poly1->next;
poly2 = poly2->next;
}

// Dynamically create new node

poly->next = (struct Node *)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
poly = poly->next;
poly->next = NULL;
}
while(poly1->next || poly2->next)
{
if(poly1->next)
{
poly->pow = poly1->pow;
poly->coeff = poly1->coeff;
poly1 = poly1->next;
}
if(poly2->next)
{
poly->pow = poly2->pow;
poly->coeff = poly2->coeff;
poly2 = poly2->next;
}
poly->next = (struct Node *)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
poly = poly->next;
poly->next = NULL;
}
}

// Display Linked list

void show(struct Node *node)
{
while(node->next != NULL)
{
printf("%dx^%d", node->coeff, node->pow);
node = node->next;
if(node->next != NULL)
printf(" + ");
}
}

// Driver program
int main()
{
struct Node *poly1 = NULL, *poly2 = NULL, *poly = NULL;

// Create first list of 5x^2 + 4x^1 + 2x^0

create_node(5,2,&poly1);
create_node(4,1,&poly1);
create_node(2,0,&poly1);

// Create second list of 5x^1 + 5x^0

create_node(5,1,&poly2);
create_node(5,0,&poly2);
▲
printf("1st Number: ");
show(poly1);

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4/24/2019 Adding two polynomials using Linked List - GeeksforGeeks

printf("\n2nd Number: ");

show(poly2);

poly = (struct Node *)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));

// Function add two polynomial numbers

polyadd(poly1, poly2, poly);

// Display resultant List

printf("\nAdded polynomial: ");
show(poly);

return 0;
}

Output:

1st Number: 5x^2 + 4x^1 + 2x^0

2nd Number: 5x^1 + 5x^0
Added polynomial: 5x^2 + 9x^1 + 7x^0

Time Complexity: O(m + n) where m and n are number of nodes in rst and second lists respectively.

Related Article: Add two polynomial numbers using Arrays

This article is contributed by Akash Gupta. If you like GeeksforGeeks and would like to contribute, you
can also write an article using contribute.geeksforgeeks.org or mail your article to
[email protected]. See your article appearing on the GeeksforGeeks main page and help
other Geeks.

Please write comments if you nd anything incorrect, or you want to share more information about the
topic discussed above.

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Article Tags : Linked List Mathematical Amazon Linked-List-Polynomial maths-polynomial

Practice Tags : Amazon Linked List Mathematical

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