ICT IGCSE

Databases (Access)
A database is a collection of data or information stored in a logical format.
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Paper Based Database:

• Before computer based databases became available data would be kept on
paper and stored in filing cabinets.
• A typical example would be a doctors surgery use of a paper based
database. Each patient would have their information stored in a folder
which would be kept in a filing cabinet.
Disadvantages:
• Difficult to search and sort information.
• Takes up physical storage place.
• Difficult to make copies or edit data.

Computer Based Database:

• Allows for information to be organized in such a way that a computer
program can quickly select specific pieces of data.
• An example of a Database package is Microsoft Access.
• A computer base database is made up of tables, records and fields.
Advantages:
• Using specific criteria data can be easily found.
• Requires no physical storage space and can contain vast amount of data.
• Easier to edit and create copies of data.
• Reports can be easily generated based on specific records.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Database Structure - Table Table:
• A table in database will be created to store
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

specific pieces of data (A number of records).

• First of all the suitable field names will have to
be created.
• Fields will contain specific data for a record.
Fields:
Contain Example:
specific Data • A customer sales database will contain many
data for records.
Types
each • Each customer in the database will be know
record as a record.
• Fields wills store specific data for each
customer (e.g. Customer Name).

Data Types:
• Will contain specific types of data for each field.
Creating a Table: • Once the data type has been selected then only that
View >> Design View specific type of data can be entered into that field.
• Example: Data and Time will only allow for a data to
be entered.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Database Structure: Data Types, Fields & Records
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Fields: Contain specific data for each record

Each Movie is a record in

this table.

6 Records Shown

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
In a typical database exam question you will be asked to import a CSV file into a suitable
database package (Microsoft Access).
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Tip:

Double check the data types.

They have to be correct or you
may get import errors.

Primary Key: This will be the unique field for each record. The VIN will be
the primary key as each car will have a unique VIN.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Importing CSV Tip: Always check the currency and the format
of the date.
£ - Pounds
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

01-Jan-2016

Tip: Always check data types when importing CSV File. If you do not then you run the risk of
getting import errors.

Tip: If it asks for decimal places Tip: You can then format the number in design view. If a
then during the import leave the number is not showing to a certain decimal value then
data type as double. you can set the format to standard.
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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Importing CSV
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

1) Click on External Data Tab and select Text File.

2) Browse and Select the CSV File.
3) Click OK
4) Click on Advanced and check the format of the date so it is set to DMY. Then click Ok and Next.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Importing CSV 5) Click on First Row Contains Field
Names and then click on advanced.
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

6) Double check all the data types.

You would normally always have to
5 change the Boolean field.

7) Select the Primary Key or let

6 Access choose. If you have a unique
data for each record in a field then
select this as your primary key.

8)Click on Next then Finnish to

import the CSV file.
7

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
In this exam question you have to first create the table 1 2
(Including Fields & Data Types) and then import the CSV file.
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

When importing
the CSV file you
have to append a
copy of the records
to the table you
created.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Print Screen Evidence
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Tip: When you print screen your data types ensure you also show the formats.
Don’t crop the bottom part off.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Formatting
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Euro

Dollar

Pound
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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Relationship Database
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

A 'relational' database is one that

contains two or more tables of data,
connected by key fields.

Teacher Students The 'One' side is usually the primary key

(Primary Key) (Foreign Key) The 'Many' side is usually the foreign key

A relational database has more than one table and the tables are linked using key fields.
Advantages:
• Teacher details only need to be entered once into the database.
• Mistakes are less likely to happen when entering data if it already exists.
• Avoids duplicating data.
• Data can be accessed using key fields (Primary and Foreign Keys).
• Queries and reports can be created using data (fields) from a number of tables which have a
relationship.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Relationship Database
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Click the Enforce Referential Integrity.

Ensures no orphan records.

Tip: The same

data should
appear in both
fields

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Relationship Database
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

There are
more books

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Relationship Database
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

1 2

3 4 1) Close the tables

2) Click on Database Tools
>> Relationships
3) Link the Key Fields
4) Select Inforce
Referential integrity and
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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)

You will be asked to either add, edit or delete

1 data. In this example you are asked to update
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

3 records.
The best way to update an existing record is to
use the filter tool and search by the Primary
2 Key (VIN).
1) Select the VIN Field >> Text Filters >>
Equals.
2) Type in the Primary Key (377C15423003)
and press Ok.
3 3) Update the record according to the details
on the exam paper.

Discount Applied: 10
Date Sold: 06/05/2012
Sales Person: Algier
4 Sold: Yes

4) Clear the text filter and repeat the same

process with the next two records.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
A Data entry form is used to enter new records into a database table. The form is a more user
friendly way to enter new records.
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

On-screen forms should:

• Appropriate spacing for each field.
• Screen filled/not too much white space.
• Clearly defined input area for each field.
• An easy to read font/font size.
• A sensible font colour/background colour.
• Drop down lists and tick boxes.
• No overlapping of items.
• Navigation aids

Tick boxes/radio buttons Drop down lists to Buttons:

to enter choices choose an option • Go forward or
backwards
• Add, Save and
delete records

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Create Drop Down Menu
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

1. Go to Design View 3. Select I will type in the values that I want.

4. Type in the values for the drop

down list.

2. Select Lookup Wizard for the field you

would like to add the drop down to.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Drop Down Menu Evidence
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Evidence 1:
Limit to List Box Ticked

Evidence 2: Evidence 3:
Print screen of LOOKUP Dropdown Menu

Evidence of
Validation

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)

Create Data Entry Form 1. Go to Create >> Form Wizard

Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

2. Select the correct table and then all fields. 3. Click on Next >> Finish

Table Include suitable name

Fields

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)

Create Data Entry Form Navigation Options

Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

In design view
you can format
the appearance
of the Form.

You can also add

navigation aids
(buttons)

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
When you are in Form View you can add or navigate through the existing records using the
buttons. In the exam you could be instructed to add a new record using the form.
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Evidence:
You could be asked to print screen
the form showing the new record
has been added.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Tip: When you are creating a report ensure you have identified all query and reports
tasks.
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Search Criteria: When creating the query only

select the fields stated.
However you may have to insert additional
fields later to complete your search. These
fields must not be shown.

Report Title: Name the query as the report

title.

Query Report
• Selecting Fields • Sort
• Search criteria • Page orientation
• Calculated run-time field + formatting • Report header/footer
• Calculation (Count, Sum, Max & Min)
• Labels for formulas
• Show labels in full

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Annotating Exam Paper
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

1) Write the Run Time Formula

2) Identify the search criteria
3) Identify Keywords
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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Query Task 1: Select Fields
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

1. Create >> Query Wizard

2. Select Fields
1. You may select fields from
different tables in a
relationship database.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Query Task 2: Name your Query as the Report Title.
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Flat File Database: Query name will

automatically appear at the top of the report.

Relationship Database: Report title will

have to be re-entered in report wizard.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Query Task: Search Criteria
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Build_ Year: >31/12/2010 or >=01/01/2011

Length: <=40

Type: Water, Residential: Yes

Duration: <=12
Location: Not “Scotland”

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Query – Search Criteria Tip: You can search
by a field and then
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Tip: Extend the

hide it. Before
tables just in case
hiding it check to
you may need to
see if the search
select and use
criteria has
another field.
worked.

Tip: Always check the number of records after

you have typed in one search criteria.
The number of records should reduce every time
you type in a search criteria.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Query – Search Criteria
Wild Card – Sometimes a field may contain more than
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

one word. To find something specific you need to write a

wildcard search.

Like “*Channing Tatum *”

Between Between 01/01/2010 And 02/02/2012
Between 100 And 150
Or North Sea Or Irish Sea
Not Not “Horror”
<90 Less than <90
>90 More than >90
>=90 More than and equal to >=90
37*____ Fields starts with 37
Only field containing
____*37 Fields Ends with 37 Channing Tatum are
shown
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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Calculated Run Time Formulas in the Query
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Calculated Run time is used when we have to calculate specific values Enter New Calculated
using data from existing fields. Run Time Field here

New Stock Level:[Current Stock]+5 Number of

Books Added
Name of new Required Field in to Stock
field Square Brackets

In Design View using

the Property Sheet
the formatting can be
set for the new field.
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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Calculated Run Time Formulas in the Query
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Total_Berths:[Sleeps]+[Crew]

Daily_Cost:[Course_Cost]/[Duration]

Delivered_Price:[Cost_Price]+200

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Report – Sort & Page Orientation
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Remember to put the fields in Report Wizard:

to the correct order after the • If there are two sorts in the report then
SORT. you would do it in the report wizard.

• You can also set the page orientation in the

report wizard.
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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Report – Show Labels and fit to a single page wide
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

1) Make sure Report title is the same as the Report Header

2) Format the report in Layout View making sure al field names and data is visible.

Page Footer/Header: Report Footer/Header:

Anything information Anything information
will appear each printed will appear on only the
page either in the first (header) or last
(header) or (footer) of page (footer) of the
the report. report.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Report – Show Labels and fit to a single page wide
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

• In layout view adjust the column widths to ensure all data

is shown.
• Press Shift to select the Field Name and Data so you can
adjust both pieces of data at the same time.

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Formulas in the Report
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

We can use a number of formula in the report to calculate

values from fields including: Sum, Average, Count, Max, Min
etc. You need to ensure you are in layout view.

Function Tool

Selected
Fields

In Design View you can add a label for your

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Formulas in the Report
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

WWW.YAHMAD.CO.UK In Design View you can also add your candidate details.
 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Labels Create the query first for your
labels using the specified fields
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

and search criteria.

1. Select the labels icon.
2. Select the dimensions and
the number across (2).
3. Write in the heading, Field
names and select the field
data.
4.In design view can you
format the label.

3 4
1

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Labels 2016 March
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Search Criteria

*engineer* Field is hidden

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Labels 2016 March
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

No fields
names are
displayed

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Labels 2016 March
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

Adjust the label

size to ensure you
fit 8 labels per
page
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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Summery Query 4
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

You can also enter search criteria

into the summery query

On most occasions a summery

query will ask for calculation
and a count. One of the fields
1 3 will contain numerical values
which can be calculated.

Calculate Total Value of records

2 Count

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 ICT IGCSE
Databases (Access)
Extracting Data
Tip: To extract a query
or report you have to
Chapter 18: Data Manipulation (Access)

right click and select the

export option.
You may be required to
export into Excel to
create a graph.

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