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270 Quiz1

This document contains a 6 question quiz on mechanical and materials engineering concepts. It provides instructions that the quiz is closed book, calculators are allowed, and point form answers are unacceptable. The questions cover topics like atomic vibrations in solids, point defects, crystallographic slip, solid solution strengthening, labeling crystal directions and planes, and identifying activated slip systems under stress for an FCC metal.

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David Felkai
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408 views3 pages

270 Quiz1

This document contains a 6 question quiz on mechanical and materials engineering concepts. It provides instructions that the quiz is closed book, calculators are allowed, and point form answers are unacceptable. The questions cover topics like atomic vibrations in solids, point defects, crystallographic slip, solid solution strengthening, labeling crystal directions and planes, and identifying activated slip systems under stress for an FCC metal.

Uploaded by

David Felkai
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Page 1 of 3

QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND MATERIALS ENGINEERING

MECH 270 – Quiz #1

Wednesday, October 8, 2008

Duration: 1 hour

Instructor: Dr. K. Pilkey

Format:
• Closed book
• Standard (gold-sticker) calculator allowed
• No data sheets

Instructions:
• Answer all questions using complete sentences, where appropriate. Point-form
answers are not acceptable.

Notes:
• There are six (6) questions in total.
• Mark distribution indicated on each question.
• Marks total to 20 (i.e. 3 minutes per mark, on average).
Page 2 of 3

READ THE QUESTIONS CAREFULLY! BUDGET YOUR TIME WISELY!

(3 marks) 1. If it was possible to view individual atoms in a solid, one would observe that each
atom actually moves or “vibrates” about its given crystal lattice site. This behaviour
can be explained by considering the net energy curve (or “energy well” diagram) for a
pair of bonded atoms.

(a) Sketch this characteristic energy curve on a properly labelled set of axes and
indicate the reason for these atomic vibrations.

(b) Is there any situation where the atoms in a solid do not vibrate? Explain.

(2 marks) 2. (a) Name two types of point defects.

(b) With the aid of a simple sketch, provide a definition for each of the defects named
in part (a).

(2 marks) 3. Plastic deformation is produced in metals through a phenomenon known as


crystallographic slip. In fact, it can be said that slip occurs “incrementally”.

(a) What is the key lattice feature and mechanism that produces slip on a given slip
system?

(b) Why does slip occur “incrementally”?

(3 marks) 4. With the aid of a simple sketch (or sketches), explain the concept of solid solution
strengthening by describing the key lattice feature(s) and behaviour that provides the
strengthening effect at a microscopic level.

NOTE: Although two possible microscopic arrangements for solid solution


strengthening were shown and described in class, you only need to describe
one of these scenarios in your answer.

Quantitative questions are on the next page...


Page 3 of 3

(5 marks) 5. (a) Sketch a tetragonal unit cell (a=b; c=0.5a) with clearly labelled axes, and
indicate the [ 2 12] direction. Note that the direction vector does not have to be
located within the confines of the unit cell.

(b) What are the Miller indices for each of the two shaded planes, A and B, shown in
the cubic unit cell shown below?

NOTE: You must show your work to receive part marks for part (b).

y y

1
2

1
2

A B

x 1 x
3

z z

(5 marks) 6. In FCC metals, crystallographic slip is produced on the {111} family of planes in the
<1 1 0> family of directions, referred to as the {111}<1 1 0> family of slip systems.

If a single crystal of an FCC metal is subjected to a uniaxial tensile stress applied in


the [10 1 ] direction, which slip system (or systems) would activate first? Indicate the
activated slip system(s) on a clearly labelled unit cell (or series of unit cells).

NOTES: You do not need to show any calculations to support your answer, although
the governing equations are provided below.
Be sure to consider the symmetry of an FCC unit cell.
Remember that “negative” and “positive” planes and directions are the
same in the context of slip systems.

Equations for slip in a single crystal: τ R = σ cos φ cos λ τ crss = σ y (cos φ cos λ ) max

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