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    The Arabic Verb Forms (الأوزان)

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    munzirstudio
    The document discusses the 15 verb forms (‫ )ا وزان‬in Arabic, which are transformations of trilateral roots that indicate different meanings. It provides details on forms 1-10, including their meanings and how they are derived from the root. Forms 1 and 2 are discussed in more depth. The document concludes by listing the verb forms along with their associated grammatical components.

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    The Arabic Verb Forms (الأوزان)

    Uploaded by

    munzirstudio
    704 views3 pages
    The document discusses the 15 verb forms (‫ )ا وزان‬in Arabic, which are transformations of trilateral roots that indicate different meanings. It provides details on forms 1-10, including their meanings and how they are derived from the root. Forms 1 and 2 are discussed in more depth. The document concludes by listing the verb forms along with their associated grammatical components.

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    The Arabic Verb Forms (الأوزان)

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    The document discusses the 15 verb forms (‫ )ا وزان‬in Arabic, which are transformations of trilateral roots that indicate different meanings. It provides details on forms 1-10, including their meanings and how they are derived from the root. Forms 1 and 2 are discussed in more depth. The document concludes by listing the verb forms along with their associated grammatical components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    704 views3 pages

    The Arabic Verb Forms (الأوزان)

    Uploaded by

    munzirstudio
    The document discusses the 15 verb forms (‫ )ا وزان‬in Arabic, which are transformations of trilateral roots that indicate different meanings. It provides details on forms 1-10, including their meanings and how they are derived from the root. Forms 1 and 2 are discussed in more depth. The document concludes by listing the verb forms along with their associated grammatical components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    22/05/2019 The Arabic verb forms (‫)ا وزان‬

    Arabic learning resources home vocabulary grammar faq about links

    The Arabic verb forms

    Most Arabic words are derived from a three‑letter (trilateral) root. And each trilateral Arabic root can theoretically be transformed into one of
    fifteen possible verb forms (‫ا وزان‬, al‑awzaan). (Forms 11 through 15 are very rare, so people usually just focus on forms 1 through 10,
    although 9 is also pretty rare). Each form has a basic meaning associated with the general meaning of the root being used. Here's a more
    detailed breakdown, using (fa3ala, to do) as an example. (This is all taken from old handouts I got at the AUC, so it's not my original
    work.)

    Form 1 ‑ (fa3ala)
    Expresses the general verbal meaning of the root in question

    Root Form 1 verb

    ‫( خ ر ج‬x‑r‑j) ‑ leaving, departing ‫ج‬ (xaraja) ‑ to leave, go out


    ‫( ج م ع‬j‑m‑3) ‑ joining, uniting (jama3a) ‑ to gather, collect
    ‫( ع م ل‬3‑m‑l) ‑ doing, making (3amala) ‑ to work, to do, to make
    ‫( ق ط ع‬q‑T‑3) ‑ cutting (qaTa3a) ‑ to cut, cut off
    ‫( ب ع د‬b‑3‑d) ‑ separating, distance      (ba3ada) ‑ to be far from

    Form 2 ‑ ّ (fa33ala)
    Built on form 1 by doubling the middle radical of the form 1 verb (adding a shadda to it)
    Often is a causative version of the form 1 verb
    ‫ج‬ (xaraja) means "to go out"; ‫ّ ج‬ (xarraja) means "to make (s.o.) go out; to graduate (s.o.)"

    Often an intensive version of the form 1 verb (especially if the form 1 verb is transitive)
    (jama3a) means "to collect, gather"; ّ (jamma3a) means "to amass, to accummulate"

    Form 3 ‑ (faa3ala)
    Built on form 1 by adding an alif between the first and second radicals of the form 1 verb
    Usually gives an associative meaning to the form 1 verb; describes someone doing the act in question to or with someone else
    (3amala) means "to work"; (3aamala) means "to treat or deal with (s.o.)"

    Form 4 ‑ ‫( أ‬af3ala)
    Built on form 1 by prefixing an alif to the form 1 verb and putting a sukuun over the first radical
    Similar to form 2 in that it is usually a causative version of the form 1 verb
    ‫ج‬ (xaraja) means "to go out"; ‫ّ ج‬ (xarraja) means "to graduate (s.o.)"; ‫( أ ج‬axraja) means "to expel, to evict; to produce"

    Form 5 ‑ ّ (tafa33ala)
    Built on form 2 by adding the prefix ‫ ـ‬to the form 2 verb
    Often a reflexive version of the form 2 verb
    ‫ّج‬ (xarraja) means "to graduate (s.o.)"; ‫ج‬ (taxarraja) means "to graduate" (Note: form 5 is usually intransitive)

    Sometimes an intensive version of a form 1 verb


    (jama3a) means "to collect, gather"; ّ (tajamma3a) means "to congregate, to flock together"

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    22/05/2019 The Arabic verb forms (‫)ا وزان‬

    Form 6 ‑ (tafaa3ala)
    Built on form 3 by adding the prefix ‫ ـ‬to the form 3 verb
    Usually a reflexive version of the form 3 verb
    ;(3aamala) means "to treat or deal with (s.o.)" (ta3aamala) means "to deal with each other" (Form 6 is usually
    intransitive)

    Form 7 ‑ ‫( ا‬infa3ala)
    Built on form 1 by adding the prefix ‫ ا ـ‬to the form 1 verb
    Usually a reflexive and/or passive version of the form 1 verb
    (qaTa3a) means "to cut, to cut off"; ‫( ا‬inqaTa3a) means "to be cut off (from); to abstain (from)"

    Form 8 ‑ ‫( ا‬ifta3ala)
    Built on form 1 by adding the prefix ‫ ا‬to the form 1 verb and placing a sukuun must be placed over its first radical
    Often a reflexive version of the form 1 verb
    (jama3a) means "to collect, gather"; ‫( ا‬ijtama3a) means "to meet; to agree (on)"

    Sometimes has a specially derived meaning relative to a form 1 verb


    (ba3ada) means "to be far away"; ‫( ا‬ibta3ada) means "to avoid"

    Form 9 ‑ ّ ‫( ا‬if3alla)
    Built on form 1 by adding the prefix ‫ ا‬to the form 1 verb, placing a sukuun over its first radical, and adding a shadda to the last radical
    Relates to colors
    ‫( ح م ر‬H‑m‑r) relates to "redness"; ّ ‫( ا‬iHmarra) means "to become or turn red"

    Form 10 ‑ ‫( ا‬istaf3ala)
    Built on form 1 by adding the prefix ‫ ا ـ‬to the form 1 verb and inserting a ‫ ت‬between the first and second radicals; a sukuun must be
    placed over the first radical
    Often a considerative version of the form 1 verb; means "to consider or to deem someone to have the quality" of the form 1 verb in question
    (ba3ada) means "to be far away"; ‫( ا‬istab3ada) means "to consider s.o. or s.t. remote or unlikely"

    Often a requestive version of a form 1 verb; means "to request or to seek something" for oneself
    ‫( ا‬3amala) means "to make; to do"; (ista3mala) means "to use, to put into operation" (that is, to seek to make
    something work for oneself)

    And here's a table of all the verb forms, including their perfect and imperfect conjugations (‫وا رع‬ ‫)ا‬, active and passive participles
    (‫وا ا ل‬ ‫)ا ا‬, and verbal nouns (‫ر‬ ‫)ا‬. Because they're all regular and predictable (with the exception of form 1 ‑ the second
    vowel in the imperfect and perfect conjugations, and the verbal noun), if you just memorize them, you'll know them for almost every verb
    there is. So if you're learning Arabic, I suggest you memorize all the verb forms along with their associated meanings as soon as you can; it'll
    really come in handy.

    ‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫رع‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬  
    ‫؟‬ ‫َُْ ل‬ ِ ُ َْ َ َ 1
    َِْ َُ َُ ُ َُ َ َ 2
    ‫ ِ ل‬or َ َ ُ َ ُ ِ ُ ُِ ُ ََ 3
    ‫إْ ل‬ َُْ ِْ ُ ُ ُِْ ََْ‫أ‬ 4
    ََ ََُ ََُ ُ َََ َ ََ 5
    ُ َ َ َُ ِ َُ َُ ََ ََ َ 6
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    22/05/2019 The Arabic verb forms (‫)ا وزان‬

    ‫ِا ْ ِ ل‬ ََُْ َُِْ ُ ََِْ َ َ َ ْ ‫ِا‬ 7


    ‫ِا ْ ِ ل‬ ََْ ُ َِْ ُ ُ َِْ َ َ َ َ ْ ‫ِا‬ 8
    ‫ِا ْ ِ ل‬ ‑ َُّْ ََْ َ ْ ‫ِا‬ 9
    ‫ِا ْ ِ ْ ل‬ ََْ ْ ُ َِْ ْ ُ ُ َِْ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ ‫ِا‬ 10

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