Electronics is the branch of science that deals with the study of flow and control of electrons (electricity) and

the study
of their behavior and effects in vacuums, gases, and semiconductors, and with devices using such electrons.

Definition of terms:
1. LCD: A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically modulated optical device that
uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals. Liquid crystals do not emit light directly, instead using a
backlight or reflector to produce images in color or monochrome.
2. LOGIC GATE: A logic gate is an idealized or physical device implementing a Boolean function; that is, it performs
a logical operation on one or more binary inputs and produces a single binary output. Logic gates are primarily
implemented using diodes or transistors acting as electronic switches, but can also be constructed using vacuum
tubes, electromagnetic relays (relay logic), fluidic logic, pneumatic logic, optics, molecules, or even mechanical
elements.
3. LED: A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light source that emits light when current flows through it.
Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons. This
effect is called electroluminescence.[5] The color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photons) is
determined by the energy required for electrons to cross the band gap of the semiconductor.
4. LASER: A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated
emission of electromagnetic radiation. The term "laser" originated as an acronym for "light amplification by
stimulated emission of radiation". A laser differs from other sources of light in that it emits light coherently.
Spatial coherence allows a laser to be focused to a tight spot, enabling applications such as laser cutting and
lithography.
5. RESISTOR: A resistor is an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in an
electronic circuit. Resistors can also be used to provide a specific voltage for an active device such as a
transistor.
6. TRANSISTOR: A transistor is a device that regulates current or voltage flow and acts as a switch or gate for
electronic signals. Transistors consist of three layers of a semiconductor material, each capable of carrying a
current.
7. INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (IC): an electronic circuit formed on a small piece of semiconducting material, performing
the same function as a larger circuit made from discrete components.
8. SEMI-CONDUCTOR: Semiconductors are made up of a substance with electrical properties intermediate
between a good conductor and a good insulator. A semiconductor device conducts electricity poorly at room
temperature, but has increasing conductivity at higher temperatures. Semiconductors have much lower
resistance to the flow of electrical current in one direction than in another. Examples of semiconductor: silicon,
gallium arsenide
9. SWITCH: Electric component that can turn an electric circuit, interrupting the current/diverting it from one
conductor to another.
10. MAGNETIZED SPEAKER: (or just Speaker) where an electromagnet is placed in front of a permanent magnet in a
fixed position where as the electromagnet is mobile.
a. Cone: amplifies vibration, pumps sound waves
b. Electromagnetic (coil): creates a magnetic field when an electric current flows through it.
c. Permanent magnet
11. CCTV: a TV system in which signals are not publicly distributed but are monitored, primarily for surveillance and
security purposes. The use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors.
It differs from broadcast television in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though it may employ point to
point (P2P), point to multipoint (P2MP), or mesh wired or wireless links.
Circuit board components: (inside a TV)
Battery: provides the voltage to the circuit.
Resistors: control the electric current as it passes through them. They’re colour coded to determine their value. They are
small, white boxes with black printed numbers on their top surface and two, silver prongs coming out of one end.
LEDs: light emitting diode. Lights up when current flows through it, and will only allow current to flow in one direction.
Transistor: amplifies charge.
Capacitators: these are components which can harbour electrical charge; cylindrical, have a striped coating which is
often black and gold and are fixed to two white circles
Inductor: stores charge and stops and change in current.
Diode: allows current to pass in one direction only, blocking the other.
Switches: can either allow current or block depending if they are closed or open.

Printed Circuit Board (PCB)?

The Cathode Ray Tube

A few TVs in use today rely on a device known as the cathode ray tube,
or CRT, to display their images. LCDs and plasma displays are other
common technologies

TV Steering Coils
The steering coils are simply copper windings (see How Electromagnets Work for
details on coils). These coils are able to create magnetic fields inside the tube, and the
electron beam responds to the fields. One set of coils creates a magnetic field that
moves the electron beam vertically, while another set moves the beam horizontally. By
controlling the voltages in the coils, you can position the electron beam at any point on
the screen.