SKV VIDHYAASHRAM SR SEC SCHOOL

Date :14-07-2019 TEST ID: 66

Time : 00:45:00Mins PHYSICS
Marks : 180
1.ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS ,2.ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

Single Correct Answer Type

1. Which of the following is the correct statement of Gauss law for electrostatics in a region of charge
distribution in free space?
𝜌
1) ∮ E . ds = 0 2) ∮ 𝐸. 𝑑𝑠 = 3) ∮ 𝐸. 𝑑𝑠 = 𝜌 4) ∮ 𝐸 . 𝑑𝑠 = 𝜀0 𝜌
𝜀0
2. A parallel plate capacitor is first charged and then a dielectric slab is introduced between the plates. The
quantity that remains unchanged is
1) Charge 𝑄 2) Potential 𝑉 3) Capacity 𝐶 4) Energy 𝑈
3. The plates of a parallel plate capacitor of capacity 50𝜇𝐶 are charged to a potential of 100 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠 and then
separated from each other so that the distance between them is doubled. How much is the energy spent in
doing so
1) 25 × 10−2 𝐽 2) −12.5 × 10−2 𝐽 3) −25 × 10−2 𝐽 4) 12.5 × 10−2 𝐽
4. A capacitor of capacitance 6𝜇𝐹 is charged upto 100 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡. The energy stored in the capacitor is
1) 0.6 𝐽𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒 2) 0.06 𝐽𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒 3) 0.03 𝐽𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒 4) 0.3 𝐽𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑒
5. −9
A charge of 10 𝐶 is placed on each of the 64 identical drops of radius 2 𝑐𝑚. They are then combined to
form a bigger drop. Find its potential
1) 7.2 × 103 𝑉 2) 7.2 × 102 𝑉 3) 1.44 × 102 𝑉 4) 1.44 × 103 𝑉
6. When a slab of dielectric material is introduced between the parallel plates of a capacitor which remains
connected to a battery, then charge on plates relative to earlier charge
1) Is less 2) Is same
3) Is more 4) May be less or more depending on the nature of
the material introduced
7. A capacitor with air as the dielectric is charged to a potential of 100 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠. If the space between the plates
is now filled with a dielectric of dielectric constant 10, the potential difference between the plates will be
1) 1000 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠 2) 100 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠 3) 10 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠 4) Zero
8. The expression for the capacity of the capacitor formed by compound dielectric placed between the plates
of a parallel plate capacitor as shown in figure, will be (area of plate = 𝐴)
d1 d3

K1 K2 K3

d2
𝜀0 𝐴 𝜀0 𝐴
1) 𝑑 𝑑2 𝑑3 2) 𝑑1 +𝑑2 +𝑑3
(𝐾1 + 𝐾2
+ 𝐾3
) (𝐾 +𝐾 +𝐾 )
1 1 2 3
𝜀0 𝐴(𝐾1 𝐾2 𝐾3 ) 𝐴𝐾1 𝐴𝐾2 𝐴𝐾3
3) 4) 𝜀0 ( + + )
𝑑1 𝑑2 𝑑3 𝑑1 𝑑2 𝑑3
9. An uncharged capacitor is connected to a battery. On charging the capacitor
1) All the energy supplied is stored in the capacitor
2) Half the energy supplied is stored in the capacitor
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 3) The energy stored depends upon the capacity of the capacitor only
4) The energy stored depends upon the time for which the capacitor is charged
10. The mean electric energy density between the plates of a charged capacitor is (here 𝑞 = charge on the
capacitor and 𝐴 = area of the capacitor plate)
𝑞2 𝑞 𝑞2 4) None of the above
1) 2) 2 3)
2𝜀0 𝐴2 2𝜀0 𝐴 2𝜀0 𝐴
11. Between the plates of a parallel plate condenser, a plate of thickness 𝑡1 and dielectric constant 𝑘1 is placed.
In the rest of the space, there is another plate of thickness 𝑡2 and dielectric constant 𝑘2 . The potential
difference across the condenser will be
𝑄 𝑡1 𝑡2 𝜀0 𝑄 𝑡1 𝑡2 𝑄 𝑘1 𝑘2 𝜀 𝑄
1) ( + ) 2) ( + ) 3) ( + ) 4) 0 (𝑘1 𝑡1 + 𝑘2 𝑡2 )
𝐴𝜀0 𝑘1 𝑘2 𝐴 𝑘1 𝑘2 𝐴𝜀0 𝑡1 𝑡2 𝐴
12. The respective radii of the two spheres of a spherical condenser are 12 𝑐𝑚 and 9 𝑐𝑚.The dielectric
constant of the medium between them is 6. The capacity of the condenser will be
1) 240 𝑝𝐹 2) 240 𝜇𝐹 3) 240 𝐹 4) None of the above
13. A 6𝜇𝐹 capacitor is charged from 10 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠 to 20 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠. Increase in energy will be
1) 18 × 10−4 𝐽 2) 9 × 10−4 𝐽 3) 4.5 × 10−4 𝐽 4) 9 × 10−6 𝐽
14. One metallic sphere 𝐴 is given positive charge whereas another identical sphere 𝐵
of exactly same mass as of 𝐴 is given equal amount of negative charge. Then
1) Mass of 𝐴 and mass of 𝐵 still remain equal 2) Mass of 𝐴 increases
3) Mass of 𝐵 decreases 4) Mass of 𝐵 increases
15. Number of electrons in one coulomb of charge will be
1) 5.46 × 1029 2) 6.25 × 1018 3) 1.6 × 10+19 4) 9 × 1011
16. Two small spherical balls each carrying a charge 𝑄 = 10𝜇𝐶 (10 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑟𝑜 − 𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑜𝑚𝑏) are suspended by two
insulating threads of equal lengths 1𝑚 each, from a point fixed in the ceiling. It is found that in equilibrium
threads are separated by an angle 60o between them, as shown in the figure. What is the tension in the
1
threads (Given : (4𝜋𝜀 ) = 9 × 109 𝑁𝑚/𝐶 2 )
0

1) 18 𝑁 2) 1.8 𝑁 3) 0.18 𝑁 4) None of the above

17. A total charge 𝑄 is broken in two parts 𝑄1 and 𝑄2 and they are placed at a distance 𝑅 from each other. The
maximum force of repulsion between them will occur, when
𝑄 𝑄 𝑄 2𝑄 𝑄 3𝑄 𝑄 𝑄
1) 𝑄2 = , 𝑄1 = 𝑄 − 2) 𝑄2 = , 𝑄1 = 𝑄 − 3) 𝑄2 = , 𝑄1 = 4) 𝑄1 = , 𝑄2 =
𝑅 𝑅 4 3 4 4 2 2
18. The ratio of electrostatic and gravitational forces acting between electron and proton separated by a
distance 5 × 10−11 𝑚, will be (Charge on electron = 1.6 × 10−19 𝐶, mass of electron = 9.1 × 10−31 𝑘𝑔, mass
of proton = 1.6 × 10−27 𝑘𝑔, 𝐺 = 6.7 × 10−11 𝑁𝑚2 /𝑘𝑔2 )
1) 2.36 × 1039 2) 2.36 × 1040 3) 2.34 × 1041 4) 2.34 × 1042
19. Two parallel plates separated by a distance of 5𝑚𝑚 are kept at a potential difference of 50𝑉 A particle of
mass 10−15 𝑘𝑔 and charge 10−11 𝐶 enters in it with a velocity 107 𝑚/𝑠. The acceleration of the particle will
be
1) 108 𝑚/𝑠 2 2) 5 × 105 𝑚/𝑠 2 3) 105 𝑚/𝑠 2 4) 2 × 103 𝑚/𝑠 2
20. The electric potential at centre of metallic conducting sphere is
1) Zero 2) Half from potential at surface of sphere
3) Equal from potential at surface of sphere 4) Twice from potential at surface of sphere
21. Work done in carrying a charge 𝒬′ once round the circle of radius 𝑟 with a charge 𝒬 at the centre is
1 𝒬 1 𝒬𝒬′ 3) Zero 𝒬𝒬′
1) 2) 4)
4𝜋𝜖0 𝑟 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 2𝑟

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22. A sheet of aluminium foil of negligible thickness is introduced between the plates of a capacitor. The
capacitance of the capacitor
1) Decreases 2) Remain unchanged 3) Becomes infinite 4) Increases
23. The work done in placing a charge of 8 × 10 C on a condenser of capacity 100μF is
−18

1) 16 × 10−32 J 2) 3.1× 10−26J 3) 4 × 10−10J 4) 32 × 10−32 J

24. In given circuit when switch 𝑆 has been closed then charge on capacitor 𝐴 and 𝐵 respectively are

1) 3𝑞 ,6𝑞 2) 6𝑞 ,3𝑞 3) 4.5 𝑞 , 4.5 𝑞 4) 5𝑞 ,4𝑞

25. The total energy stored in the condenser system shown in the figure will be

1) 2 μJ 2) 4 μJ 3) 8 μJ 4) 16 μJ
26. A metallic solid sphere is placed in a uniform electric field. The lines of force follow the paths shown in
figure

1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
27. In the electric field of a point charge 𝑞, a certain point charges is carried from point Ato B,C, D and E as
shown in figure. The work done is

1) Least along the path AE 2) Least along the path AC

3) Zero along any one of the paths 4) Least along AB
28. Out of two copper spheres of the same size, 𝑥 is hollow while 𝑦 is solid. If they are charged at the same
potential, what can be said about the charges on them?
1) Charge on both the spheres is zero 2) Charge on both the spheres is equal
3) Sphere 𝑦 will have more charge 4) Sphere 𝑥 will have more charge
29. In bringing an electron towards another electron, the electrostatic potential energy of the system
1) Decreases 2) Increases 3) Remains same 4) Becomes zero
30. The potential energy of system of two equal negative point charges of 2μC each held 1m apart in air is (𝑘 =
9 × 109 SI unit)
1) 36J 2) 3.6 × 10−3 J 3) 3.6J 4) 3.6 × 10−2 J
31. A hollow metal sphere of radius 5 cm is charged such that potential at its surface is 10V. The potential at
the centre of the sphere is

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 1) Zero 2) 10 V
3) Same as at point 5cm away from the surface 4) Same as at point 10cm away from the surface
32. The electric potential at any point 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 in meters is given by𝑉 = 3𝑥 2 . The electric field at a point (2,0,1) is
1) 12 Vm−1 2) −6 Vm−1 3) 6 Vm−1 4) −12 Vm−1
33. Consider three concentric shells of metal A, B and C are having radii a, b and c respectively as shown in the
figure (𝑎 < 𝑏 < 𝑐). Their surface charge densities are 𝜎, −𝜎 and 𝜎 respectively. Calculate the electric
potential on the surface of shell A

𝜎 𝜎 𝜎 𝜎
1) (𝑎 − 𝑏 + 𝑐) 2) (𝑎 − 𝑏 − 𝑐) 3) (𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 ) 4) (𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑐)
𝜀0 𝜀0 𝜀0 𝜀0
34. The displacement of a charge 𝒬in the electric field
̂ is𝒓 = 𝑎𝒊̂ + 𝑏𝒋̂. The work done is
𝑬 = 𝑒1 𝒊̂ + 𝑒2 𝒋̂ + 𝑒3 𝒌
1) 𝒬(𝑎𝑒1 + 𝑏𝑒2 ) 2) 𝒬√(𝑎𝑒1 )2 + (𝑏𝑒2 )2

3) 𝒬(𝑒1 + 𝑒2 )√𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 4) 𝒬 (√𝑒12 − 𝑒22 ) (𝑎 + 𝑏)

35. Electric potential at the centre of a charged hollow metal sphere is

1) Zero 2) Twice as that on the surface
3) Half of that on the surface 4) Same as that on the surface
36. Charges 2𝑞, −𝑞 and – 𝑞 lie at the vertices of a triangle. The value of E and V at the centroid of equilateral
triangle will be
1) E ≠ 0 and V ≠ 0 2) E = 0 and V = 0 3) E ≠ 0 and V = 0 4) E = 0 and V ≠ 0
37. Along the 𝑥-axis, three charges 𝑞 , −𝑞 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞 are placed at 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 𝑎 and 𝑥 = 2a
2 2
respectively. The resultant electric potential at a point P located at a distance 𝑟 from the charge – 𝑞(𝑎 <<
𝑟) is (𝜀0 is the permittivity of free space)
𝑞𝑎 𝑎2 𝑞
𝑞𝑎2 𝑞( )
1) 2 2) 3) 4 4)
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 3 4𝜋𝜀 𝑟 3 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟
0
38. In a parallel plate capacitor , the capacity increases if
1) Area of the plate is decreased 2) Distance between the plates increases
3) Area of the plate is increased 4) Dielectric constant decrease
39. A dielectric of dielectric constant 𝐾 is introduced such that half of its area of a capacitor of capacitance 𝐶 is
occupied by it. The new capacity is
𝐶 (1 + 𝐾)𝐶
1) 2𝐶 2) 3) 4) 2𝐶(1 + 𝐾)
2 2
40. A simple pendulum has a length 𝑙 and the mass of the bob is 𝑚. The bob is given a change 𝑞 coulomb. The
pendulum is suspended between the vertical plates of a charged parallel plate capacitor. If 𝐸 is the electric
field strength between the plates, the time period of the pendulum is given by
𝑙 1 𝑙
𝑙 2𝜋 2𝜋 2𝜋
1) 2𝜋 2) √ 𝑞𝐸 3) √ 𝑞𝐸 4) √ 2
g √g + √g −
𝑚
√g 2 + (𝑞𝐸 )
𝑚 𝑚

41. Capacitor of a capacitor is 48μF. When it is charged from 0.1 C to 0.5 C , change in the energy stored is
1) 2500 J 2) 2.5 × 10−3 J 3) 2.5 × 106 J 4) 2.42 × 10−2 J
42. The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with air as medium is 3μF. With the introduction of a
dielectric medium between the plates, the capacitance becomes 15μF. The permittivity of the medium is
1) 5C 2 N−1 m−2 2) 15C 2 N −1 m−2

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 3) 0.44 × 10−10 C 2 N−1 m−2 4) 8.854 × 10−11 C2 N−1 m−2
43. The energy stored in a capacitor is in the form of
1) Kinetic energy 2) Potential energy 3) Elastic energy 4) Magnetic energy
44. Two plates are 20 cm apart and the potential difference between them is 10 V. The electric field between
the plates is
1) 50 Vm−1 2) 500 Vm−1 3) 0.5 Vm−1 4) 20 Vm−1

45. A spherical metal shell A of radius 𝑅𝐴 and a solid metal sphere B of radius 𝑅𝐵 (< 𝑅𝐴 ) are kept far apart and
each is given charge +𝒬. Now they are connected by a thin metal wire. Then which of following wrong.
𝜎𝐴 𝑅𝐵
1) 𝐸𝐴inside = 0 2) 𝒬𝐴 < 𝒬𝐵 3) = 4) EAon surface < EBon surface
𝜎𝐵 𝑅𝐴

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 SKV VIDHYAASHRAM SR SEC SCHOOL

Date :14-07-2019 TEST ID: 66

Time : 00:45:00Mins PHYSICS
Marks : 180
1.ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS ,2.ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

: ANSWER KEY :
1) 2 2) 1 3) 1 4) 3
5) 1 6) 3 7) 3 8) 1
9) 2 10) 1 11) 1 12) 1
13) 2 14) 4 15) 2 16) 2
17) 4 18) 1 19) 1 20) 3
21) 3 22) 2 23) 4 24) 2
25) 3 26) 4 27) 3 28) 2
29) 2 30) 4 31) 2 32) 4
33) 1 34) 1 35) 4 36) 3
37) 2 38) 3 39) 3 40) 4
41) 1 42) 3 43) 2 44) 1
45) 2

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 SKV VIDHYAASHRAM SR SEC SCHOOL

Date :14-07-2019 TEST ID: 66

Time : 00:45:00Mins PHYSICS
Marks : 180
1.ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS ,2.ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND CAPACITANCE

: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

1 (2) 𝑎𝑏 1 12 × 9 × 10−4
𝐶 = 4𝜋𝜀0 𝐾 [ ]= . 6 [ ]
According to Gauss law of electrostatics in a 𝑏−𝑎 9 × 109 3 × 10−2
region of charge distribution in free space. = 24 × 10−11 = 240 𝑝𝐹
13 (2)
𝜌
∮ 𝑬. 𝒅𝒔 = 1 2 2
𝜀0 ∆𝐸 = 𝐸𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 − 𝐸𝐼𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 = 𝐶(𝑉𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 − 𝑉𝐼𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 )
2
1
3 (1) = × 6 × (202 − 102 ) × 10−6
1 1 2
𝑊𝑒𝑥𝑡 = 𝐶 ′ 𝑉 ′2 − 𝐶𝑉 2 = 3 × (400 − 100) × 10−6 = 3 × 300 × 10−6
2 2
1 𝐶 1 1 = 9 × 10−4 𝐽
= ( ) ( ) (2𝑉) − 𝐶𝑉 2 = 𝐶𝑉 2
2
14 (4)
2 2 2 2
1 Negative charge means excess of electrons which
𝑊𝑒𝑥𝑡 = × 50 × 10−6 × (100)2 = 25 × 10−2 𝐽
2 increases the mass of sphere 𝐵
4 (3) 15 (2)
1 2 1 𝑄 1
𝑈 = 𝐶𝑉 = × 6 × 10−6 (100)2 = 0.03𝐽 𝑛= = = 6.25 × 1018
2 2 𝑒 1.6 × 10−19
5 (1) 16 (2)
−9
10 In the following figure, in equilibrium 𝐹𝑒 =
𝑉 = 𝑛2/3 𝑣 ⇒ 𝑉 = (64)2/3 × 9 × 109 ×
(2 × 10−2 ) 𝑇 sin 30o , 𝑟 = 1𝑚
= 7.2 × 103 𝑉
6 (3)
When dielectric is introduced, the capacitance will
increase and as the battery remains connected, so
the voltage will remain constant. Hence according
to 𝑄 = 𝐶𝑉, the charge will increase
7 (3)
𝑉 100 𝑄2 1
New potential difference = = = 10𝑉 ⇒ 9 × 109 .
2
=𝑇×
𝐾 10 𝑟 2
9 (2) (10 × 10 −6 )2
1
⇒ 9 × 109 . 2
= 𝑇 × ⇒ 𝑇 = 1.8 𝑁
In charging half of energy supplied by the battery 1 2
is lost in the form of heat 17 (4)
𝑄 𝑄
10 (1) 𝑄1 + 𝑄2 = 𝑄 …(i) and 𝐹 = 𝑘 1 2 2 …(ii) 𝑟
1 1 𝜎 2 𝜎2 𝑞2 𝑘𝑄1 (𝑄−𝑄1 )
Energy density = 𝜀0 𝐸 2 = 𝜀0 ( ) = = From (i) and (ii) 𝐹 =
2 2 𝜀0 2𝜀0 2𝜀0 𝐴2 𝑟2
11 (1) For 𝐹
𝑑𝐹
to be maximum 𝑑𝑄 = 0 ⇒ 𝑄1 = 𝑄2 =
𝑄
1 2
Potential difference across the condenser
𝜎 𝜎 18 (1)
𝑉 = 𝑉1 + 𝑉2 = 𝐸1 𝑡1 + 𝐸2 𝑡2 = 𝑡1 + 𝑡 𝐺𝑚𝑒 𝑚𝑝
𝐾1 𝜀0 𝐾2 𝜀0 2 Gravitational force 𝐹𝐺 = 𝑟2
𝜎 𝑡1 𝑡2 𝑄 𝑡1 𝑡2 6.7 × 10 −11
× 9.1 × 10−31
× 1.6 × 10−27
⇒𝑉= ( + )= ( + ) 𝐹𝐺 =
𝜀0 𝐾1 𝐾2 𝐴𝜀0 𝐾1 𝐾2 (5 × 10−11 )2
12 (1) = 3.9 × 10−47 𝑁

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 1 𝑒2
Electrostatic force 𝐹𝑒 = 4𝜋𝜀 2
0𝑟
9 × 109 × 1.6 × 10 −19
× 1.6 × 10−19
𝐹𝑒 =
(5 × 10−11 )2
= 9.22 × 10−8 𝑁
𝐹 9.22×10−8
So, 𝐹𝑒 = 3.9×10−47 = 2.36 × 1039
𝐺
19 (1)
𝑞𝐸 𝑞 𝑉 10−11 50 Let 𝑞1 and𝑞2 be the charge after switch 𝑆 has been
𝑎= = ( ) = −15 × closed.
𝑚 𝑚 𝑑 10 5 × 10−3
8 2 𝑞 𝑞
= 10 𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐 Then, 𝑉= 1= 2
6𝐶 3𝐶
20 (3)
Inside a charged sphere, electric field intensity at
all points is zero and electric potential is same at
all the points.

Electrical potential,

1 𝑞
𝑉=
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑅
𝑞1
⇒ = 𝑞2
Therefore, potential at the centre is equal to the 2
potential at the surface. ⇒ 𝑞1 = 2𝑞2 …(i)
But we know that, charge is conserved
21 (3) 𝑞1 + 𝑞2 = 3𝑞 + 6𝑞
Work done is zero because all the points on the or 𝑞1 + 𝑞2 = 9𝑞 …(ii)
circular path are at same potential. On putting the value of 𝑞1 Eq. (ii)
2𝑞2 + 𝑞2 = 9𝑞
22 (2) ⇒ 3𝑞2 = 9𝑞
From the formula , 𝑞2 = 3𝑞
𝜀0 𝐴
𝐶= Now, from Eq. (i)
𝑡
𝑑−𝑡+𝐾 𝑞1 = 2 × 3𝑞
⇒ Here, 𝐾 = ∞ and 𝑡 → 0 ⇒ 𝑞1 = 6𝑞
𝜀0 𝐴 𝜀0 𝐴 Hence,𝑞1 = 6𝑞, 𝑞2 = 3𝑞
So, 𝐶= 𝑑+0
= 𝑑
= 𝐶0
25 (3)
6 μF and 3 μF capacitors are in series
1 1 1
= +
𝐶1 6 3
𝐶1 = 2
𝐶1 is parallel to 2 μF capacitor
∴ 𝐶eq = 2 + 2 = 4μF
1
Total energy, 𝑈 = 2 𝐶𝑉 2
23 (4)
1
1 𝑞2 = × 4 × (2)2 = 8μJ
𝑊= 2
2𝐶 26 (4)
1 (8 × 10−18 )2 1 64 × 10−36
= × = × In a uniform electric field, field line should be
2 100 × 10−6 2 100 × 10−6
straight but line of force cannot pass through the
= 32 × 10−32 J
body of metal sphere and must end/start from the
24 (2)
sphere normally. All these conditions are fulfilled
The circuit is given as
only in plot (d).
27 (3)
For charge 𝑞 placed at the centre of circle, the

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 circular path is an equipotential surface and
hence works done along all paths 𝐴𝐵 or AC or AD
or AE is zero.
28 (2)
For a charged sphere or shell of charge potential

1 𝑞
𝑉𝑠 = . .
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 𝑉𝐴 = 𝑉𝑎 + 𝑉𝑏 + 𝑉𝑐

Hence, charge on both the spheres will be equal. 1 𝑞𝑎 1 𝑞𝑏 1 𝑞𝑐

𝑉𝐴 = . + + + .
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑏 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑐
29 (2)
Electrostatic potential energy of system of two Or
electrons
1 4𝜋𝑎2 𝜎 1 4𝜋𝑏 2 (−𝜎)
1 (−𝑒)(−𝑒) 1 𝑒 2 𝑉𝐴 = . + .
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑏
𝑈= =
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 1 4𝜋𝑐 2 𝜎
+ .
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑐
Thus, as 𝑟 decreases, potential energy 𝑈 increases.
(∵ 𝑞 = 4𝜋𝑟 2 𝜎)
31 (2)
Electric field inside a spherical charge is 𝜎
or 𝑉𝐴 = (𝑎 − 𝑏 + 𝑐)
everywhere zero, hence, inside a spherical charge 𝜀0
the potential at all points is the same and its value
is equal 34 (1)
By using 𝑊 = 𝒬(𝐄. ∆𝐫)
to that on the surface.
̂). (𝑎𝒊̂ + 𝑏𝒋̂)]
⟹ W = 𝒬[𝑒1 𝒊̂ + 𝑒2 𝒋̂ + 𝑒3 𝒌
∴ Potential at surface=10V.
= 𝒬(𝑒1 𝑎 + 𝑒2 𝑏)

35 (4)
Electric potential of charged spherical shell
𝑞
𝑉= (0 ≤ 𝑟 ≤ 𝑅)
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑅

∴ Electric potential at centre=Electric potential

32 (4)
on the surface.
Here, electric potential
36 (3)
𝑉 = 3𝑥 2
The potential due to charge q at a distance 𝑟 is
Electric field, given by

𝜕𝑉 1 𝑞
𝐸=− 𝑉=
𝜕𝑥 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟

𝜕 Since, potential is a scalar quantity, it can be

=− (3𝑥 2 ) = −6𝑥
𝜕𝑥 added to find the sum due to individual charges.
∴ 𝐸(2,0,1) = −12Vm−1 ∑𝑉 = 𝑉𝐴 + 𝑉𝐵 + 𝑉𝐶

33 (1) 1 2𝑞
𝑉𝐴 = .
The electric potential on the surface of shell 𝐴 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑥

1 𝑞
𝑉𝐵 = − .
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑥
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 1 𝑞
𝑉𝐶 = − .
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑥

1 2𝑞 𝑞 𝑞
∴ 𝑉= ( − − )=0
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

Electric field is a vector quantity, hence

component along 𝑂𝐷 is taken

1 2𝑞 2𝑞
𝐸= ( + cos θ) ≠ 0
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑥 2 𝑥 2
In the given case the two capacitors are in
37 (2) parallel.
𝐴𝑠 𝑟 ≫ 𝑎, so 𝑟 > 2𝑎 ∴ 𝐶 ′ = 𝐶1 + 𝐶2
𝐴𝜀0
So, potential at point p 𝐶1 =
2𝑑
𝐾𝐴𝜀0
And 𝐶2 =
2𝑑
′ 𝐴𝜀0 𝐾𝐴𝜀
Thus, 𝐶 = + 2𝑑 0
2𝑑
𝐶
𝐶 ′ = (1 + 𝐾)
2
𝑞 𝑞 40 (4)
1 𝑞
𝑉= [ 2 − + 2 ] Time period of simple pendulum in air
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 + 𝑎 𝑟 𝑟 − 𝑎

1 𝑞 1 2 1
= [ − + ]
4𝜋𝜀0 2 𝑟 + 𝑎 𝑟 𝑟 − 𝑎

𝑞 𝑟(𝑟 − 𝑎) − 2(𝑟 2 − 𝑎2 ) + 𝑟(𝑟 + 𝑎)

= [ ]
8𝜋𝜀0 𝑟(𝑟 2 − 𝑎2 )

𝑞 2𝑎2
= .
8𝜋𝜀0 𝑟(𝑟 2 − 𝑎2 )

𝑞𝑎2
= (as 𝑟 ≫ 𝑎) when it is suspended between vertical plates of a
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 3
charged parallel plate capacitor, then acceleration
38 (3) due to electric field,
In a parallel plate capacitor, the capacity of 𝑞𝐸
𝑎=
capacitor, 𝑚
𝑘𝜀0 𝐴 This acceleration is acting horizontally and
𝐶= acceleration due to gravity is acting vertically.
𝑑
∴ 𝐶 ∝𝐴 So, effective acceleration
So, the capacity of capacitor increases if area of
𝑞𝐸 2
the plate is increased. g ′ = √g 2 + 𝑎2 = √g 2 + ( )
𝑚
39 (3)
√𝑙
The dielectric is introduced such that, half of its Hence, 𝑇 ′ = 2𝜋 2
√g2 +(𝑞𝐸)
area is occupied by 𝑚

It. 41 (1)
1 𝑞12 −𝑞22 ]
Change in energy ∆𝑈 = [ ]
2 𝐶
1 (0.5)2
− (0.1)2
= [ ]
2 48 × 10−6
1 0.25 − 0.01
= [ ]
2 48 × 10−6

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 1 0.24 1 104 Potential is also equal to,
= [ ]= [ ]
2 48 × 10−6 2 2
𝜎𝑅
= 2500 J 𝑉=
𝜀0
42 (3)
The capacitance of air capacitor 𝑉𝐴 = 𝑉𝐵
𝐴𝜀0
𝐶0 = 𝑑
= 3μF …(i)
∴ 𝜎𝐴 𝑅𝐴 = 𝜎𝐵 𝑅𝐵
When a dielectric of permittivity 𝜀𝑟 and dielectric
constant 𝐾 is introduced between the plates of the 𝜎𝐴 𝑅𝐵
or =
capacitor, then its capacitance 𝜎𝐵 𝑅𝐴
𝐾𝐴𝜀0
𝐶 = 𝑑
= 15 μF …(ii)
or𝜎𝐴 < 𝜎𝐵
Dividing Eq. (ii) by Eq. (i)
𝐾𝐴𝜀0 Electric field on surface,
𝐶 𝑑 15
= 𝐴𝜀0 =
𝐶0 3 𝜎
𝑑 𝐸=
∴𝐾=5 𝜀0
Permittivity of the medium Or 𝐸 ∝ 𝜎
𝜀𝑟 = 𝜀0 𝐾
= 8.854 × 10−12 × 5 Since,
= 44.27 × 10−12
= 0.44 × 10−10 C 2 N−1 m−2 𝜎𝐴 < 𝜎𝐵
43 (2) ∴ 𝐸𝐴 < 𝐸𝐵
When a conductor of capacitance 𝐶 is given a
charge 𝑞, it acquires a potential given by ∴Correct options are (a), (b), (c) and (d).
𝑞
𝑉=
𝐶
The work done in charging the conductor is
stored as potential energy in the electric field in
the vicinity of the conductor.
44 (1)
Potential gradient relates with electric field
𝑑𝑉
according to the relation,𝐸 = − 𝑑𝑟
10
=− = 50 Vm−1
20 × 10−2
45 (1,2,3,4)
Inside a conducting shell electric field is always
zero. Therefore, option (a) is correct. When the
two are connected, their potentials become the
same

∴ 𝑉𝐴 = 𝑉𝐵

Or

𝒬 𝐴 𝒬𝐵 1 𝒬
= (𝑉 = )
𝑅𝐴 𝑅𝐵 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑅

Since, 𝑅𝐴 > 𝑅𝐵

∴ 𝒬𝐴 > 𝒬𝐵

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