Solutions Slot – 3 (Physics) Page # 9

EXERCISE – V JEE QUESTIONS

1. N1  N0 e  t , N2  N0 e2 t K2
K1
1t
N1 e
  e ( 1 2 )t = e (10    )t  e 9 t P P
N2 e – 2 t
N1 m M
Given  e 1
N2 Let K1 and K2 be the kinetic energies of a 
1 particle and daughter nucleus.
Hence – 9t = – 1 or t = Then total kinetic energy in the final state is
9
2. Beta particle in an electron which is emitted
P2 P2
from a nucleus when a neutron decays into a K = K1 + K2 = 
proton & an electron within a nucleus. Hence 2m 2M
the correct choice is (c). P2  1 1 P2  M  m 
3. Total number of un decayed atom s wi ll =     K   
2 m M 2  Mm 
continuously decrease with time.
1 a.m.u. = 1.67 × 10–27 Kg
9
4. The reactor produces 1000 MW power or 10 W Substituting the values, we get
power of 109 J/S of power. The reactor is to
function for 10 years. Therefore, total energy
which the reactor will supply in 10 years is (1.151  10–19 )2
K 
E = (power) (time) 2
= (109 J/s) (10 × 365 × 24 × 3600 s) = 3.1536
(4.002  223.6)(1.67  10–27 )
× 1017 J
But since the efficiency of the reactor is only (4.002  1.67  1027 )(223.61  1.67  1027 )
10%, therefore actual energy needed is 10 times or K = 10–12 J.
of it or 3.1536 × 1018 J. One Uranium atom
liberates atom liberates 200 MeV of energy of 10 12
K MeV = 6.25
200 × 1.6 × 10–13 J or 3.2 × 10–11 J or energy. 1.6  10 13
So number of Kg-moles of uranium atoms needed
6.25
are (ii) Mass defect, m = a.m.u. = 0.0067
931 .470
3.1536  1018 a.m.u
 = 0.9855 × 1029
3.2  10 11 Therefore, mass of parent nucleus = mass of 
or number of Kg-moles of uranium needed are - particle + mass of daughter nucleus + mass
defect (m)
0.9855  1029 = (4.002 + 223.610 + 0.0067) a.m.u
n= = 163.7
6.02  1026 = 227.62 a.m.u.
Hence total mass of uranium required is Hence mass of parent nucleus is 227.62 a.m.u.
m = (n) M = (163.7) (235) Kg
or m  38470 Kg
or m = 3.847 × 104 kg 6. Let at time t = t, number of nuclei of Y and Z
5. (i) Give mass of  - particle, m = 4.002 a.m.u and Ny and NZ.
and mass of daughter nucleus. Then -
M = 223.610 a.m.u. de - Broglie wavelength t=0 N0 = 1020 Zero Zero
of  - particle.
 = 5.76 × 10–15 m X Y Z
So momentum of  - particle would be
t=t Nx  N0e  x t NY NZ
h 6.63  10–34
P  Kg  m / s or P= Rate equation of the populations of X, Y and Z
 5.76  10–15
are Rates
1.151 × 10–19 Kg-m/s ...(i)
From law of conservation of linear momentum,
this should also be equal to the linear momentum X Y Z
of the daughter nucleus (in opposite direction).
 x Nx  Y NY

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 Page # 10 Solutions Slot – 3 (Physics)

8. During the emission of a gamma radiation, both

 dN Y 
    xNx   yNy the mass no. & atomic no. remain the same.
 dt  Hence the answer is C
 dNx
 9. If mp = mass of proton
    xNx ...(1)
 dt & A = atomic no. of uranium
...(2) then the mass of uranium nucleus is
 dNZ  m = mp A
and     yNy ...(3) & the volume of uranium nucleus is
 dt 
N0  x v  4 / 3 r 3 = 4 / 3 (r0 A 1/ 3 )3  4 / 3 r03 A
(ii) Given NY(t) =    e
Yt

 e   xt 
x y
m mp A 3mp
For NY to be maximum   3
v 4 3
r0 A 4 r0 Thus mV
dN Y (t)
0 3
dt
(momentum )2
i.e.,  x Nx   Y NY ...(4) 10. K. E =
2  mass
(From equation 2)
mass no. of  particle = 4 units
N0  x
or  x (N0e
 xt
)  x
x  y
 t
e y  e  xt   mass no. of daughter nucleus = 220 – 4 = 216
If P & p  denote the momenta of daughter
 y t
x  y e nucleus, then
or  1
y e   xt P2 p2
Q 
x (  x   y )t 2M 2m
or   e Since momentum is conserved
y

P2  1 1  P2  m 
 x 
  Q  M  m   2m  M  1
or ( x   y )t ln (e)  ln    2    
 y
Substituting the values of x and y, we have P2
Now = K.E. of particle –  = E 
t
1
ln
 0 .1 
  15 ln (3) 2m
(0.1  1 / 30)  1 / 30 
m M QM
or t = 16.48 s Q = E   or E  
(iii) The population of X at this moment  m  (m  M)

NX  N0e   x t 11. Let n0 be the number of radioactive nuclei at

time t = 0. Number of nuclei decayed in time t
= (1020 ) e (0.1) (16.48) are given n0 (1  e 2 ) , which is also equal to
19
NX = 1.92 × 10 the number of betal particles emitted the same
N  interval of time. For the given condition,
NY  X X (From equation 4)
Y n  n0 (1  e 2 ) ..(i)
(0.1)
 (1.92  1019 )  5.76  109 (n  0.75n)  n0 (1  e 4 ) ..(ii)
(1 / 30)
 NZ = N0 – NX – NY or NZ Dividing (ii) by (i) we get
= 2.32 × 1019 1 – e 4
1.75  or 1.75 – 1.75 e 2  = 1  e 4 
1 1 1  e  2
7. Since = 4 , it follows that the time taken
16 2
 2 3
 1.75 e  e  4  ...(iii)
1 4
for the radioactivity to decay to of its initial
16
Let us take e 2  x
value.
Then the above equation is,
= four times the half – life of the sample
x2 – 1.75 x + 0.75 = 0
= 4 t1/2 = 4 × 100 = 400 s

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 Solutions Slot – 3 (Physics) Page # 11

The smallest wavelength in the infrared region

1 / 75 (1.75)2  (4) (0.75) corresponds to max. energy of Paschen series.
or x  or x = 1
2 1/ R
 ..(ii)
3 (1/ 32  1/  )
and
4 from (i) & (ii)
 From equation (iii) either  = 823 nm
20. (A)  P,R ; (B)  Q,S ; (C)  P ; (D)  Q
 2 3
e 2   1 or e 
4 21. B,D
but e 2 
 1 is not accepted because which In fusion two or more lighter nuclei combine to
make a comparability heavier nucleus.
means  = 0. Hence
In fission, a heavy nucleus breaks into two or
3 more comparatively lighter nuclei further, energy
e  2 
4 will be released in a nuclear process if total
or – 2  ln(e) = ln (3) – ln(4) = ln(3) – 2 ln (2) binding energy increases.
22. A
1
  = ln (2) – ln (3)
2 ln 2 ln 2
5Ci  (2N0 )  10Ci  (N0 )
Substituting the given values, T1 T2
1 Dividing we get T1 = 4T2
 = 0.6931 – × (1.0986) = 0.14395 s–1
2 23. D
The high temperature maintained inside the re-
1
 Mean life tmeans = = 6.947 sec actor core

24. A
n
A 1 Ke 2
12.    , where A = Activity, n = number of 2  15
. KT   T  1  10 9
A0  2  r
half lives. 25. B
deuteron density = 8.0 × 1014 cm–3, confinement
0.3010 1 a
13. = t log a a = Number of atoms time = 9.0 × 10–1 s
T 0 26.
= 0.259
 dN 
14. 4( 2 He4 )  8 O16 n   n  N 0 –  t
 dt 
Mass defect
m = {4(4.0026) – 15.834} = 0.011 amu. 1
By Graph  =  T = nt 1/ 2
Energy released per oxygen nuclei = (0.011) 2
(931.48) MeV = 10.24 MeV
0.693
15. B 4.16 = n ×
16. After two half lives 1/4th fraction of nuclei will 
remain undecayed. or 3/4th will decay. n=3
Hence the propability that a nucleus decays in
two half lives is 3/4. N0 N 0
N=  n  P = 23  P=8
17. (A)  P, Q ; (B)  P, R ; (C)  S, P ; (D)  P, P 2
Q, R 27. 0001
18. A
Rest mass of parent nuclus should be greater dN 1
= N  1010 = N
than the rest mass of daughter nuclei dt 10 9
thus (A) N = 1019
19. The series in U- V region is lymen series. Longest Total mass = 1019 × 10–25 = 10–6 kg
wavelength corresponds to minimum energy  M = 10–6 × 1000 × 103 = 1 mg
which occurs in transition from n = 2 to n = 1. 28. C
29. D
1/ R
122  ..(i)
(1/ 1  1/ 22 )
2

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