MAPÚA UNIVERSITY

School of EECE, Department of EE, Mapúa University

Muralla Street, Intramuros, Manila, Philippines

BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

LABORATORY
Experiment No. 4

Experiment Title:
DELTA-WYE AND WYE-DELTA
TRANSFORMATION

August 24, 2017 August 31, 2017

Date Performed Date Submitted

NAME: Eusebio, Lorend Nazarene B.

GROUP NO.: 3
COURSE/SEC: EE21L / B16
GRADE

Engr. George Vallestero II

Instructor
FINAL SAMPLE COMPUTATION

Delta to Wye Transformation

R1 R 2 (4)(10)
Ra = = = 1.38 Ω
R1 + R 2 + R 3 4 + 10 + 15

R2R3 (10)(15)
Rb = = = 5.17 Ω
R1 + R 2 + R 3 4 + 10 + 15

R1 R 3 (4)(15)
Rc = = = 2.07 Ω
R1 + R 2 + R 3 4 + 10 + 15

Wye to Delta Transformation

R a R b + R b R c + R a R c (1.38)(5.17) + (5.17)(2.07) + (1.38)(2.07)

R1 = = = 4Ω
Rb 5.17

R a R b + R b R c + R a R c (1.38)(5.17) + (5.17)(2.07) + (1.38)(2.07)

R2 = = = 10 Ω
Rc 2.07

R a R b + R b R c + R a R c (1.38)(5.17) + (5.17)(2.07) + (1.38)(2.07)

R3 = = = 15 Ω
Ra 1.38
FINAL DATA SHEET

Table 4.1 Delta to Wye Transformation

Delta R1 R2 R3 RL I1 I2 Va Vb Vc
Measured 4Ω 10 Ω 15 Ω 5Ω 6.87 A 2.9 A 15.48 V 30 V 14.52 V
Wye Ra Rb Rc RL I1′ I2′ Va′ Vb′ Vc′
Measured 1.38 Ω 5.17 Ω 2.07 Ω 5Ω 6.87 A 2.9 A 15.48 V 30 V 14.52 V

Calculated 1.38 Ω 5.17 Ω 2.07 Ω 5Ω 6.87 A 2.9 A 15.48 V 30 V 14.52 V

Table 4.2 Wye to Delta Transformation

Delta Ra Rb Rc RL I1 I2 Va Vb Vc
Measured 1.38 Ω 5.17 Ω 2.07 Ω 5Ω 6.87 A 2.9 A 15.48 V 30 V 14.52 V
Wye R1 R2 R3 RL I1′ I2′ Va′ Vb′ Vc′
Measured 4Ω 10 Ω 15 Ω 5Ω 6.87 A 2.9 A 15.48 V 30 V 14.52 V

Calculated 4Ω 10 Ω 15 Ω 5Ω 6.87 A 2.9 A 15.48 V 30 V 14.52 V

SCREENSHOT/S
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS

1. When the delta connection of resistors equivalent to wye connected resistors?

A delta and wye connection is said to be equivalent to each other if the

corresponding resistances measured between the pair of terminals are equal.
Moreover, for a delta and wye connection to be equal the current entering and
exiting a terminal load should be equal before and after the transformation Subsequently,
if the voltage across any pair of terminal before transformation is the same as the voltage
after, the transformation, the two three - resistor connection are equivalent.
2. What are the practical applications of the technique of delta – wye transformation? Discuss
briefly the different practical applications.

Wye to delta transformation is used in many practical fields. One of its applications
is the transformers. A major application of transformers is to increase voltage before
transmitting electrical energy over long distances through wires. Wires have resistance and
so dissipate electrical energy at a rate proportional to the square of the current through the
wire. By transforming electrical power to a high-voltage (and therefore low-current) form
for transmission and back again afterward, transformers enable economical transmission
of power over long distances. Consequently, transformers have shaped the electricity
supply industry, permitting generation to be located remotely from points of demand. All
but a tiny fraction of the world's electrical power has passed through a series of
transformers by the time it reaches the consumer.
Transformers are also used extensively in electronic products to step down the
supply voltage to a level suitable for the low voltage circuits they contain. The transformer
also electrically isolates the end user from contact with the supply voltage.
3. Determine the total resistance across the terminals from the figure below?

12 kΩ

16 kΩ 4 kΩ

RT 3 kΩ 6 kΩ
Solution:

a. Transform the delta (upper loop) to wye

R2

R1
R3 6 kΩ
RT

3 kΩ

(12kΩ)(16kΩ)
R1 = = 6kΩ
12kΩ + 16kΩ + 14kΩ

(12kΩ)(4kΩ)
R2 = = 1.5kΩ
12kΩ + 16kΩ + 14kΩ

(16kΩ)(4kΩ)
R3 = = 2kΩ
12kΩ + 16kΩ + 14kΩ

b. Find the total resistance

−1
1 1
R T = 6kΩ + ( + ) = 9kΩ
2kΩ + 3kΩ 1.5kΩ + 6kΩ
4. Determine the total resistance across the terminals from the figure below?
1Ω

6Ω A 3Ω 0.6 Ω

2Ω 1Ω

RT 6Ω
5Ω 4Ω
B
Solution:

a. Transform Loop A and B (which are in delta) to wye.

6Ω(1Ω) R2
R1 = = 0.6Ω 0.6 Ω
6Ω + 3Ω + 1Ω
3Ω(1Ω) R1
R2 = = 0.3Ω
6Ω + 3Ω + 1Ω
6Ω(3Ω)
R3
R3 = = 1.8Ω
6Ω + 3Ω + 1Ω
5Ω(1Ω) R5
R4 = = 0.5Ω 6Ω 2Ω
5Ω + 1Ω + 4Ω
1Ω(4Ω) R4
R5 = = 0.4Ω
5Ω + 1Ω + 4Ω
4Ω(5Ω) R6
R6 = = 2Ω
5Ω + 1Ω + 4Ω

b. Find total resistance.

−1 −1
−1
1 1
R T = {[0.6Ω + 2Ω + ( + ) ] + [0.6Ω]−1 }
(0.3Ω + 0.6Ω + 0.4Ω 1.8Ω + 0.5Ω + 2Ω

R T = 2.2493 Ω

5. Determine the total resistance across the terminals from the figure below?

1Ω 25 Ω

20 Ω 75 Ω
80 Ω

RT 26 Ω 10 Ω
20 Ω

30 Ω 35 Ω
15 Ω
Solution:
1Ω

100
20 Ω Ω

80 Ω
RT 26 Ω 10 Ω
20 Ω

30 Ω
50 Ω

1Ω

R1

R3
R2

26Ω 10 Ω
RT

R4
R5
R6

a. Combine R75Ω and R25Ω : Ra

Ra = 75Ω + 25Ω = 100Ω
b. Combine R15Ω and R35Ω : Rb
Rb = 15Ω + 35Ω = 50Ω
c. Transform ∆ to Y (upper: R100Ω, R20Ω, R30Ω; and lower R30Ω, R20Ω, R50Ω)

(100Ω)(20Ω)
R1 = = 10Ω
100Ω + 20Ω + 80Ω

(20Ω)(80Ω)
R2 = = 8Ω
100Ω + 20Ω + 80Ω

(100Ω)(80Ω)
R3 = = 40Ω
100Ω + 20Ω + 80Ω

(30Ω)(20Ω)
R4 = = 6Ω
20Ω + 30Ω + 50Ω

(50Ω)(20Ω)
R5 = = 10Ω
20Ω + 30Ω + 50Ω

(30Ω)(50Ω)
R6 = = 15Ω
20Ω + 30Ω + 50Ω

d. Combine the resistors in parallel

Let the sum of resistors on the right in series be Rc

Rc = 40Ω + 10 Ω + 10 Ω = 60 Ω

Let the sum of resistors on the right in series be Rd

Rd = 26Ω + 8 Ω + 6 Ω = 40 Ω

Rd||Rc: Re

(60Ω)(40Ω)
Re = = 24Ω
40Ω + 60Ω

e. Find RT

RT = 24 Ω + 1 Ω + 10 Ω + 15 Ω = 50 Ω
6. Determine the io from the given circuit figure below?
2.2 Ω

20 Ω 30 Ω

io
500V

50 Ω

46 Ω 9Ω

2.2 Ω

6Ω
10 Ω 15 Ω

500 V

46 Ω 9Ω

2.2 Ω

IT 6Ω

I1
500 V 56 Ω 24Ω
I2
Solution:

a. Transform the upper loop into wye.

30(20)
R1 = = 6Ω
20 + 50 + 30

50(20)
R2 = = 10Ω
20 + 50 + 30

30(50)
R3 = = 15Ω
20 + 50 + 30

b. Find total resistance

(10Ω + 46Ω)(15Ω + 9Ω)

RT = + 6Ω + 2.2Ω = 25Ω
10Ω + 46Ω + 15Ω + 9Ω)

c. Find total current

V 500V
I= = = 20A
R 25

d. Find I1 and I2
By Current Divider Principle
24Ω
I1 = 20A ( ) = 6A
56 + 24Ω

56Ω
I2 = 20A ( ) = 14A
56 + 24Ω

e. Find io
Using Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (lower triangular loop from the original figure) clockwise

(46 Ω)( 6A) –(50 Ω)(io)-(9 Ω)(14A) = 0

io = 3 A
CONCLUSION

Experiment 4 covered a new concept in circuits analysis as we explore a more complex

circuit containing networks that are difficult to analyze using old techniques. Delta–Wye and

Wye–Delta Transformations are the covered principles or concepts in this experiment. Such

transformations are supported by the concept that if two connections are equivalent, the resistances

across the pair of the three terminals are also equivalent. Formulas for Delta–Wye and Wye–Delta

Transformations are shown below.

Delta-Wye:
Product of adjacent resistances in delta
R wye =
∑ R delta

Wye-Delta:
Sum of products of adjacent resistances in wye
R delta =
Opposite resistance in wye

The formulas above are used in computations for tables 4.1 and 4.2. We used the TINA

Program to simulate our data and support our initial calculations completing the tables for this

experiment.

In using the TINA Program, it is of great importance to take note of the proper and correct

connection set-up of the given circuits as it has great effects on the measured data to be gathered

in the table.