Agenda

Difference between computer and calculator

Traditional Classification of Computers
Forms of Computing Devices

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The term computer can apply to virtually any programmable device that
can run variety of software in it.

Before the advent of computers, calculators were the tools that were made
use of by the students to do computation while solving math problems.

Modern calculators are electronically powered either by dry cell batteries

or solar cells.
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assist him in carrying out calculations involved in math problems.

All computers can be used as calculators. Not all calculators are computers.

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Characteristic Calculator Computer

Calculator is a handheld device used to A computer is a multipurpose device, which can

Definition
perform math operations also perform complex calculations.

Speed Fast Very Fast

Accuracy Good Very Good

Memory Limited Large Memory

Operation Arithmetic and Logical Arithmetic and Complex programs

Function One at a time So many at the same instant

Programming Limited Extensive

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 Costs hundreds of thousands or even millions of dollars
Composed of multiple high performance computers working in parallel as a
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single system

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Huge computers that could fill an entire room or
even a whole floor
Particularly in large companies to describe the
huge machines processing millions of transactions
every day.

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 Used by small businesses & firms
Midrange Computers
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The middle range of the computing spectrum, in
between the smallest mainframe computers and
the microcomputers
Less data storage capabilities compared to super-
computers & Mainframes
Not designed for a single use
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Popular Minicomputers:
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K-202
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Texas Instrument TI-990

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SDS-92
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IBM Midrange computers

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 Widely used & the fastest growing computers
Cheapest compared to others
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Specially designed for general usage like entertainment, education and work
purposes.
Well known manufacturers of Micro-computer are Dell, Apple, Samsung, Sony
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& Toshiba.
E.g. Desktop computers, Gaming consoles, Sound & Navigation system of a car,
Netbooks, Notebooks, Palmtop,
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 Wearable PC
Smartphone
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Personal computers: ipads, Laptops, etc.

Desktop computers
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Notebooks - Laptops
Netbooks
Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)
Workstation
Servers
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 A computer designed for general
use by a single person.
First known as microcomputers

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A PC that is not designed for
portability
set the computer up in a
permanent location
more power, storage and
versatility for less cost

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Laptops are portable computers that
integrate the display, keyboard, a
pointing device or trackball,
processor, memory and hard drive all
in a battery-operated package
slightly larger than an average
hardcover book.

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 Ultra-portable computers
Even smaller than traditional laptops
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Extremely cost-effective - cheaper than

almost any brand-new laptop
Internal components are less powerful
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than those in regular laptops.

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 Tightly integrated computers
Often use flash memory instead of a
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hard drive for storage

Do not have keyboards but rely
on touchscreen technology
Smaller than a paperback novel, very
lightweight with a reasonable battery
life
A slightly larger and heavier version
of the PDA is the handheld computer.

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 A desktop computer that has a more powerful
processor, additional memory and enhanced
capabilities for performing a special group of
task, such as 3D Graphics or game
development.

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 Common computer applications (e-mail, database, multimedia,
calendar/scheduler) are integrated into watches, cell phones,
visors and even clothing
Computer clothing
Smart watches
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Fabric PCs

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Mobile phone with more advanced
computing capability and connectivity than
basic feature phones

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 A part of a machine or device
Execute a program that is stored in non-volatile memory
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Operate a specific machine or device

Operate continuously without being reset or rebooted
Software usually cannot be modified
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E.g. An automobile, a washing machine, a DVD player

The CPUs used in embedded computers are often
sufficient only for the computational requirements of the
specific application and may be slower and cheaper than
CPUs found in a personal computer.

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