Department of Education

Region III

Division of Mabalacat

MAUAQUE HIGH SCHOOL (Rest. School)

Sapang Biabas, Mabalacat City

Improvised Turbine Model as source of Hydro Electric Power

(Rain and used water)

________________________________________________________________________

A Science Investigatory Project

Submitted and Presented to the

Division of Mabalacat City

During Science Fair

By:

Nocete, Joyce Anne P.

2017

Teacher Coach:

Mr. Edson Mayrina-Reyes

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Abstract

Today, our energy system is based on extracting highly concentrated forms of energy we

find in nature, such as fossil fuels, large rivers and waterfalls, burning trees and splitting

uranium.Unfortunately, our energy system is dysfunctional because highly concentrated forms of

energy are both in short supply and play critical roles in the ecosystem.

Most of the people are wasting the limited electrical energy, they would not preserve and

conserve. Other people are creating new ways to conduct electricity but it was not enough to

supply at least one country,

Water Electricity is electricity obtained from hydropower. Most hydroelectric power

comes from the potential energy of dammed water driving a water turbine and generator. Less

common variations make use of water's kinetic energy or undammed sources such as tidal power.

Hydroelectricity is a renewable energy source.

The energy extracted from water depends not only on the volume but on the difference in

height between the source and the water's outflow. This height difference is called the head. The

amount of potential energy in water is directly proportional to the head. To obtain very high

head, water for a hydraulic turbine may be run through a large pipe called a penstock.

I conduct some test and experiments that was very efficient and truly that can help to the

society. This model is very useful for some of the appliances like alarm clock that only requires a

small amount of electricity it is also defend on the amount of rain and waste water that can

produce high voltage of electricity it can be used in electric fan and bulb. Since shortage of water

Science Investigatory Project September 2017

now is a big problem, the researcher was inspired to conduct this study to help the community to

reused waste and rain water to produce electricity.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Title Page………………………………………………………………. ……..i

Abstract….…………………………..…………………………………………ii

Table of Contents………………………………………………………………iii

Introduction

Background of the Study………………………………………………1

Statement of the Problem………………………………………………4

Hypotheses……………………………………………………………...4

Significance of the Study……………………………………………….4

Scope and Limitation……………………………………………………4

Research Plan: Materials and Methods

Experimental Design Treatment………………………..………………5

Materials Used in the Study………………………………….................5

Collection and Data Gathering Procedure……………………………...5

Results and Discussion………………………………………………………...6

Conclusion……………………………………………………………. ……….7

Recommendation………………………………………………………………7

Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………..8

REFERENCES………………………………………………………………...9

TIME TABLE…………………………………………………………………10

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INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Our resources are limited. It depends upon us how we utilize limited resource and take

maximum advantage of it. Due to the overpopulation there is a big demand of electricity and

water and there is a big shortage of electricity and water resources. There is a big gap between

demand and supply. So it is badly felt for the search of other alternative source of energy and we

are looking for the other conventional source of energy.

According to people, in the early days, there was a small river along the side of the main

road and its water is free flowing. The river was very clean and the water is crystal like and can

be used as mirror. But nowadays the river

Electricity is a basic part of nature and it is one of our most widely used forms of energy.

It is all around us- powering technology like mobile phones, computers, and light. We get

electricity, which is a secondary energy source, from the conversion of other sources of energy,

like coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear power and other natural sources, which are called primary

sources. It is a natural phenomenon that occurs throughout nature and may be shown in different

forms. Many cities and towns were built alongside waterfalls (a primary source of mechanical

energy) that turned water wheels to perform work. Before electricity generation began slightly

over 100 years ago, houses were lit with kerosene lamps, food was cooled in iceboxes, and

rooms were warmed by wood-burning or coal-burning stoves. Electricity is also briefly defined

as the flow of electricity. It is a form of energy measured in units of power called watts.

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Clean water for some uses such as for drinking, washing and industrial uses is a rare

resource now in some parts of the world. There are some places that is experiencing water

shortage. Its availability in the future may be more problematic.

Waterelectricity is electricity obtained from hydropower. Most hydroelectric power

comes from the potential energy of dammed water driving a water turbine and generator. Less

common variations make use of water's kinetic energy or undammed sources such as tidal power.

Hydroelectricity is a renewable energy source. These kind of electricity power supplies 20% of

the world electricity.

“Water desalination can be accomplished without electrical energy input or high water

pressure by using a source of organic matter as the fuel to desalinate water,” the researchers

report in a recent online issue of Environmental Science and Technology. In this process, water

is the one allowed to pass, not the salt.

To defuse the energy crisis in the country and the world. The researcher research about

used of waste and rain water for producing electricity to meet their daily needs of electricity.

This Project is eco- friendly, cost effective and can defuse the power crisis to a large extent if

seriously implemented by the government and other organizations in the Philippines. A clause

should be included in the building by-laws to make the project successful. This clause should be

made compulsory to all building owners. The idea is feasible and there is no harm to implement

this idea for power generation when we are exploring all possible means for generation of

electricity and this system is useful to the country.

This model and technique is useful in the large buildings, multiplexes, apartments,

schools, hospitals, office buildings, factories, malls and shopping complexes and housing

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societies and most suitable to the high rise buildings. In this method water is collected or stored

at a higher elevation and led downward through pipes, gutters or tunnels specially constructed in

the buildings for this purpose to lower elevations are known as head. In the course of its passage

down the steep pipes, the falling water rotates the turbines. The turbines in turn drives the

generators which convert the turbines mechanical energy to the electricity and the underground

portion of the buildings can be used as power houses. In this method rain water is collected on

the top roof of the building and stored in the tank on the roof during the rainy season and the

water is brought down through the pipes which comes out with tremendous force and rotate the

mini wheels fixed on the ground. The guessing power of the water rotates the wheels and the

moving wheels run small turbines which and can generate electricity in small capacities and can

meet the daily requirements of the electricity of the building and can also save extra power and

use mini transformers to supply the electricity to other locations. This technique is very useful

during the rainy season due to plenty of availability of water and the places where rainfall is

heavy. This process can also be repeated when there is no rain with the stored water which can

be again be pumped to the roof tank and can be brought down a number of times and can be

repeated to generate electricity. By spending a few lakh of rupees a building owner can generate

his own electricity. This system can also be applied in the villages where huge water tanks can be

constructed for generating their own electricity for the village and people cooperation is very

much essential for the success of such projects local govt. and panchayats can play an important

role to generate electricity. This idea is useful to those cities and barangay where there is no

plenty of land is available and high rise building is the only option to accommodate the

increasing population. These high rise buildings can work as waterfalls and can produce more

Science Investigatory Project September 2017

electricity. In such high rise building mini power houses is the only solution to meet the demand 4

of electricity.

Statement of the Problem

Generally, the main objective of this study is to generate electricity from gutter,

especially during rainy seasons and drainage.

Specifically, the study aimed to determine following:

 Voltage produced by the hydroelectric power using waste and rain water.

 Amount of water (in drainage used) and amount of water during rainy seasons.

Hypotheses

1. There is significant difference in the number of low electrical energy (voltage) in terms

of the amount of water in the gutter.

2. There is no significant difference in the number of low electrical energy (voltage) in

terms of the amount of water in the gutter.

Significance of the Study

This study will give benefit the community, especially when there is no electricity.

Reusing water from drainage and water from gutter during rainy season would be a big help to

produce and conserve energy.

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Scope and Delimitations

The study focused only in generating electricity using waste water from drainage and 5

water from the gutter during rainy days by the help of a turbine. More so, the study was

conducted in Mauaque High School (Resettlement School) from January 9, 2017 up to

September 20, 2017.

METHODOLOGY

This contains the information on the research design, methods, and experimental

procedure used in this study.

1. Experimental Design Treatment

This study utilized the experiment method to assess the ability of waste and rain

water as a source of low electrical energy. Experimental method of research defined as

conducting experimental measures on how the water, using the turbine model, has the

ability to produce low electrical energy. The study used the experimental method because

I want to determine the voltage produce in different volumes of waste and rain water to

be used.

The study will determine the ability of waste and rain water as source of electric

energy.

2. Materials Used in the Study

Electric motor, enameled copper wire, electric tape, plastic spoons, glue gun and

glue sticks, empty containers, and cutter were the materials used in the study.

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 3. Collection and Data Gathering Procedure

We first collected all the materials we needed for the study. The experiment was 6

conducted with the used of turbine model to produce electricity.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Electricity is an extremely flexible form of energy and has been adapted to a huge
and growing number of uses. In this experiment made, it was found out that waste and rain water
can conduct low current electricity.

The researcher used the PEARSON PRODUCT-MOMENT CORRELATION in order to

prove the hypotheses whether accepted or not.

A pearson r-test is a statistical method assessing the relationship between two variables.

Trials Liters of Water Voltage Produced Pressure of Water (mL/sec)

1 2 2 50

2 2 3 75

3 2 5 100

r-value 0.981980506

Pearson’s r-value P-Value Remarks

0.981980506 0.000596 *Significant

*Significant at 0.05 level of significance

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Conclusion

After the results of experimentation, the investigator settled that the

waste and rain water produces low current electricity. With the use of conductors (Copper and

Zinc) which are suspended to the waste and rain water, it was able to produce small amount of

electricity. There is no significance in the volume of waste and rain water in order to create an

enough electrical energy to light a small L.E.D. And the investigator also established that if the

volume of waste and rain water increases, the voltage also increases.

Recommendation

Generation of electricity in this matter will be sufficient to meet the power requirement of

a household and can also be used to meet the requirement of the village. There are lots of places

where water wheels are used for grain milling in the country. By applying affordable technology

to most of these, we can generate energy and gainfully employ peoples. Modification of the

water wheels requires a few thousand rupees. This is a clean and green method of power

generation. I will like to suggest the govt. the following measures to be taken to make this

project successful.

In addition, the students are creating a building dashboard that will track building water

use and provide enhanced information on the water re-use system as source of electricity and

water conservation strategies.

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Acknowledgement

First and foremost, I would like to thank our Lord God, for guiding her

through the path, through the hardships and obstacles I’ve encountered in conducting this

project.

To Mr. Edson Reyes, research adviser and coach, for sharing ideas and

for guiding me in making the research proposal. To Mrs. Mylene Dizon who helped and shared

her knowledge in statistic. And to all my friends who’s there to support me specially my parents

who inspired me to continue this study and for all the tips that they gave, and to my classmates

thank you for helping to find a topic, problem, question.

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References

A. Website Articles

https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/what-is-electricity

https://www.enwin.com/kids/electricity/history.cfm

www.2009-water-conservation-salt-lake-city-department-of-public-utilities

https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/index.cfm?page=electricity_home

https://www.studentenergy.org/topics/electricity

https://www.britannica.com/science/electricity

http://science.howstuffworks.com/electricity.htm

https://www.eia.gov/electricity/

https://www.ebay.com/sch/i.html?_nkw=water+turbine

https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/water_turbine.htm

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TIME TABLE

Title formulation January 2017

Title approval February 2017

(Research adviser or coordinator)
Researching/browsing the approved title or March 2017
topic
Gathering the materials needed April 2017

Writing the first part of the manuscript; the May 2017

introduction
Designing the experiment June 1-12, 2017

Writing the second part of the manuscript; June 13-19, 2017

the research plan
Doing the experiment June 20-30, 2017

Gathering the results July 1-18, 2017

Writing the last part of the manuscript July 19-31, 2017

Doing/typing the paper works and August 1-14, 2017

submission
Finalizing and submission of the paper August 15-21, 2017
works

Reviewing and discussion of the study August 22-30, 2017

Repeating the experiment September 1-20, 2017

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