FG RSCQ0207 Injection Moulding Operator 25 01 2018 PDF

Sector Injection
Rubber
Moulding
Sub-Sector
1. Tyre 2. Non-Tyre Operator
Occupation
Moulding Curing
Reference ID: RSC/ Q 0207, Version 1.0

NSQF Level: 4
Published by
ABC Company Ltd.
Email:
Website:
All Rights Reserved,

First Edition, March 2016
ISBN 978-1-111-22222-45-7
Printed in India at
XYZ Company
Copyright © 2016
Rubber Skill Development Council
PHD House (4th Floor), Opp. Asian Games Village,
Siri Fort Institutional Area, New Delhi - 110016
Tel: +91 11 41009347, 41009348
Fax: +91 11 41004899
Email: [email protected]
Disclaimer
The information contained herein has been obtained from sources reliable to Rubber Skill Development Council.
Rubber Skill Development Council disclaims all warranties to the accuracy, completeness or adequacy of such
information. Rubber Skill Development Council shall have no liability for errors, omissions, or inadequacies, in the
information contained herein, or for interpretations thereof. Every effort has been made to trace the owners of the
copyright material included in the book. The publishers would be grateful for any omissions brought to their notice for
acknowledgements in future editions of the book. No entity in Rubber Skill Development Council shall be responsible
for any loss whatsoever, sustained by any person who relies on this material. The material in this publication is
copyrighted. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored or distributed in any form or by any means either
on paper or electronic media, unless authorized by the Rubber Skill Development Council.
iii
Facilitator Guide
iv
Acknowledgement
Rubber Skill Development Council (RSDC) acknowledges the contribution of all the individuals and organizations
who have contributed in the preparation of this manual.
We would like to acknowledge the efforts of our Governing Council members and RSDC Content Committee
members as well as our Industry Partners who guided preparation of the manual.
Sincere appreciation is extended to all experts who had provided subject matter inputs and reviewed the
individual modules. The efforts of Team Talento is specially appreciated for supporting the development of the
manual.
The preparation of this manual would not have been possible without the strong support of Rubber industry,
there extremely valuable feedback and inputs.
We are grateful to organizations like; Bhargave Rubber Private Ltd, Madurai Acme Enterprises (P) Ltd and
Ramsons Cycles Pvt Ltd for their efforts in reviewing and endorsing this Participant Manual.
v
Facilitator Guide
About this Guide

This Facilitator Guide is designed to enable training for the specific Qualification Pack (QP). Each National
Occupational (NOS) is covered across Unit/s.
Key Learning Objectives for the specific NOS mark the beginning of the Unit/s for that NOS.
• Prepare injection moulding machine
• Perform injection moulding operation
• Undertake post moulding activities
• To Carry out Housekeeping
• To Carry out Reporting and Documentation
• To Carry out Quality Checks
• To Carry out Problem Identification and Escalation
The symbols used in this book are described below.
Symbols Used
vi
Injection Moulding Operator
Table of Content
S. No. Modules and Units Page No.
1. Overview on Rubber Industry and Generic Skills 1
Unit 1.1 - Introduction to Rubber Industry and Injection Moulding 3
2. Preparing Injection Moulding Machine (RSC/ N0701) 7
Unit 2.1 - Preparing Injection Moulding Machine 9
Unit 2.2 - Raw Material Appropriateness 12
3. Perform Injection Moulding Operation (RSC/ N0702) 17
Unit 3.1 - Perform Injection Moulding Operation 19
4. Post Moulding Activities (RSC/ N0703) 23
Unit 4.1 - Post Moulding Activities 25
5. Health and Safety Hazards in Rubber Industry 29
Unit 5.1 - Safety and Health Hazards in Rubber Industry 31
Unit 5.2 - Safety Hazards in Compound Moulding Machine 35
Unit 5.3 - First Aid and CPR 39
6. Housekeeping (RSC/ N5001) 41
Unit 6.1 - Introduction to Housekeeping 43
Unit 6.2 - Pre-housekeeping Activities 46
Unit 6.3 - Housekeeping Activities 50
Unit 6.4 - Post-housekeeping Activities 53
7. Reporting and Documentation (RSC/ N5002) 57
Unit 7.1 – Reporting and Documentation 59
8. Quality (RSC/ N5003) 63
Unit 8.1 – To Carry out Quality Check 65
9. Problem Identification and Escalation (RSC/ N5004) 69
Unit 9.1 – Problem Identification, Necessary Action and Escalation 71
10. Generic Skills 75
Unit 10.1 – Workplace Skills 77
11. Soft Skills And Communication Skills 81
Unit 11.1 - Introduction to the Soft Skills 83
Unit 11.2 - Effective Communication 87
Unit 11.3 - Grooming and Hygiene 93
Unit 11.4 - Interpersonal Skill Development 99
Unit 11.5 - Social Interaction 109
Unit 11.6 - Group Interaction 113
Unit 11.7 - Time Management 117
Unit 11.8 - Resume Preparation 120
Unit 11.9 - Interview Preparation 125
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Facilitator Guide
Table of Content
S. No. Modules and Units Page No.
12. IT Skills 129
Unit 12.1 - Introduction to Computer 131
Unit 12.2 - Basic Computer Knowledge 133
Unit 12.3 - Components of Computer 135
Unit 12.4 - Concept of Operating System 137
Unit 12.5 - MS Word 139
Unit 12.6 - MS PowerPoint 141
Unit 12.7 - MS Excel 143
Unit 12.8 - Internet Concepts 145
13. Employability & Entrepreneurship Skills 147
Unit 13.1 – Personal Strengths & Value Systems 151
Unit 13.2 – Digital Literacy: A Recap 168
Unit 13.3 – Money Matters 173
Unit 13.4 – Preparing for Employment & Self Employment 178
Unit 13.5 – Understanding Entrepreneurship 182
Unit 13.6 – Preparing to be an Entrepreneur 198
14. Annexures 207
Annexure I: Training Delivery Plan 208
Annexure II: Assessment Criteria 221
viii
1. Overview on Rubber
Industry and Generic Skills
Unit 1.1 – Introduction to Rubber Industry and Injection Moulding
1
Facilitator Guide
Key Learning Outcomes

At the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. Learn about current state of Rubber Industry in India
2. Recognize types of Rubber used in Industry
3. Familiarise with role of Injection Moulding Operator
4. Familiarise with the process the Rubber Manufacturing
2
UNIT 1.1: Introduction to Rubber Industry and Injection Moulding
Unit Objectives
At the end of this unit, you will be able to:
1. Learn about current state of Rubber Industry in India
2. Recognize types of Rubber used in Industry
3. Familiarise with the role of Injection Moulding Operator
Resources to be Used
• Available objects such as black or white Board, chalk pieces or white board marker pens, duster.
• Pc with LCD Projector or Flip Chart.
• Participant Manual
• Copies of Handouts.
Do
• Welcome the participants to the program
• Introduce yourself to the participants mentioning about you, your name and work experience.
• Before starting the session tell them what they are going to learn in this program.
Say
• Tell them now they will learn about- introduction to rubber industry and Injection Moulding.
• Tell them- Rubbers are loosely described as materials, which show "elastic" properties. Such materials are
generally long chain molecules known as "polymers" and the combination of elastic and polymers has led to
the alternative name of "elastomers".
Elaborate
• Explain – Rubbers are loosely described as materials, which show "elastic" properties. Such materials are
generally long chain molecules known as "polymers" and the combination of elastic and polymers has led to
the alternative name of "elastomers".
• Natural Rubber - Natural rubber in the latex form is tapped from trunks of rubber trees and other similar
plants by Extracted from plants.
• Synthetic Rubber is derived from petroleum, coal, oil, natural gas and acetylene.
• Reclaimed rubber is the product obtained by reclaiming process of devulcanizing the vulcanized rubber
products such tyre, tubes and other rubber articles.
3
Facilitator Guide
Say
• Discuss the use of rubber with the participants.
Elaborate
• The use of rubber is widespread, ranging from household to industrial products -
• Tyres and tubes are the largest consumers of rubber, accounting for around three fourth of total rubber
consumption.
• Door and window profiles, noses, bells, matting, flooring and dampeners (anti-vibration mounts) for the
automotive industry in what is known as the "under the bonnet" products
• Gloves (medical household and industrial), toy balloons, rubber bands
• Natural rubber latex has even been successfully implanted into the human pancreas
• Adhesives in many manufacturing industries and products, although the two most noticeable are the paper
and the carpet industry
• Textile industry
Say
• Tell participants about Indian rubber industry as- there are about 6000 unit comprising 30 large scale, 300
medium scale and around 3600 small scale and tiny sector units.
• Now tell them about the rubber consumption pattern in India. Share details of the major sectors consuming
rubber in India.
Say
• Introduce participants with the different segments or departments of the rubber factory.
Say
• Now tell participants about the Rubber Industry.
Elaborate
• Tell them – Some of the key information of the rubber o the industry
• India is the fifth largest producer of natural rubber in the world.
4
• it is the second largest consumer of natural rubber.

• It is the fifth largest consumer of natural rubber and synthetic rubber together in the world.
• India is the world's largest manufacturer of reclaim rubber.
• India and China are the only two countries in the world, which have the capacity to consume the entire
indigenous production of natural rubber.
Tell them now they will learn about rubber product manufacturing process. Explain the following steps to the
participants in detail:
• Checking and Storage of Raw Materials
• Preparations before mixing
• Mixing of the compound
• Weighing
• Mixing
• Storing the compound
• Extrusion
• Spreading
• Calendaring
• Mould Curing
• Injection Moulding
• Transfer moulding
• The mould
• Injection moulding
• Post curing
• Finishing operations
• De-flashing
• Surface treatment
• Bonding of rubber to other materials
• Testing to secure quality
Tell them – The roles and responsibilities of an injection moulding operator are:
• Preparing the injection moulding machine and other equipments
• Collect raw material and Set parameters on the injection moulding machine
• Ensuring housekeeping and safety in the moulding area
• Handling of Raw Material
• Disposal of the leftover Material
• Form appropriate batches of the product and mark the batch for proper identification for further processing
• Send sample to lab for testing
• Ensuring housekeeping and safety in the moulding area
5
Facilitator Guide
Notes for Facilitation

• Ask participants about their expectations from this program.
• Tell participants to complete the questions at the end of the sub unit.
• Ask participants if they have any doubts. Encourage them to ask questions.
• Answer their queries satisfactorily.
6
2. Preparing Injection Moulding

Machine
Unit 2.1 – Equipment Readiness
Unit 2.2 – Raw Material Appropriateness
7 RSC/ N0701
Facilitator Guide

1. Identify machines used in moulding process
2. Familiarise with injection moulding process
3. Identify raw material used
4. Ensure safety and cleanliness of the work area
5. Identify different types of Rubber
6. Learn how to carry out raw material preparation
7. Perceive how to weigh material
8. Be informed how to handle material
8
UNIT 2.1: Preparing Injection Moulding Machine
Unit Objectives
1. Identify machines used in moulding process
2. Familiarise with injection moulding process
3. Identify raw material used
4. Ensure safety and cleanliness of the work area
• Injection Moulding Machine, Accessories and Tools
• Copies of Handouts
Do
• Greet and welcome the participants to the next unit of the program.
• Before starting the session ask them do they have any doubts pertaining to the previous unit.
• Acknowledge their responses and clear their doubts if any.
• Tell the participants they will learn about Injection Moulding Machine.
Say
• Tell the participants about Injection Moulding Machine. Injection moulding is a polymer process in which the
polymer is heated to a highly plastic state and forced to flow under high pressure into a mould cavity, where
it solidifies.
• Also tell them about the types of rubber injection moulding.
9
Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
• Tell them – Injection moulding of rubber was originally an offshoot from the plastics industry in the early
1960s. After overcoming the initial issues of temperature, (plastics are cooled when moulding and rubber
is heated) and pressure (rubber injection moulding requires significantly more pressure per square inch of
cavity surface), the process has become an efficient way to mould rubber in many case.
• The three main types of rubber injection moulding are:
• Organic Rubber Injection
• Liquid Injection Moulding (LIM)
• Thermoplastic Rubber (TPR) Injection
Say
• Now tell the participants about the Injection Capacity and Clamping Unit.
Elaborate
Explain – The injection moulding machine consists of the injection unit and the clamping unit, and their features
are detailed below:
1. Injection Capacity
2. Clamping Unit
Trainer's Note:- These are supporting content to the Participant Manual, please adhere to the participant
manual, page no. 15 and explain trainees the concept.
Do
Discuss with the participants about the Nozzles, Runners and Gates. These are among the most important parts
of an injection moulding machine.
• Nozzles
• Runners
• Gates
Trainer's Note:- These are supporting content to the Participant Manual, please adhere to the participant manual,
page no. 18 and explain trainees the concept.
10
Demonstrate
Debrief participants about the machine process parameters. Explain and demonstrate these steps to the
participants:
• Melt Temperature
• Mould Temperature
• Switch Over Position
• Screw Rotation Speed
• Injection Pressure
• Holding Pressure
• Set Holding Time
• Mould Open Time

• Summarize the main points.
Activity
• Divide the class into four equal groups.
• Tell the participants they have to demonstrate the injection moulding machine.
• Assign some parts of the machine to each group.
• Tell them they would be given a time of 15 minute for preparation and then they finally need to demonstrate
in front of the class. The time for demonstration should not exceed 20 minutes per group.
• Once the demonstrations are completed appreciate the efforts made by the groups and summarize the
highlights of the activity.
Skill Practice Time Resources

Demonstration of Injection 2.5 Hours Injection Moulding Machine,
Moulding Machine White Board and Chart Papers
11
Facilitator Guide
UNIT 2.2: Raw Materials Appropriateness
Unit Objectives
1. Identify different types of Rubber
2. Learn how to carry out raw material preparation
3. Perceive how to weigh material
4. Be informed how to handle material
• Rubber Compound
• Weighing Machine
• Measuring Jar
• Forklift and Pallet Jack
Do
• Tell the participants they will learn about raw material appropriateness used in the moulding in this unit
12
Say
• Tell them about the raw material appropriateness used in the process of moulding. Raw material
appropriateness in this case means if the compound to be used is the correct one, does it have release tag/
approval from lab, is FIFO being followed while selecting the compound ,the nature of the compound, dry,
bloomy , too tacky etc also fall in this heading.
• Discuss different types of rubber with the participants.
Elaborate
• Explain - the most common chemical elements in rubber are carbon (C) and hydrogen (H).
• For practical reasons, abbreviations of the various rubber types have been internationally approved. These
abbreviations are used in this unit.
»» Natural rubber (NR)
»» Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) - the most common type of synthetic rubber
»» Isoprene rubber (IR) - very much as natural rubber
»» Butadiene rubber (BR) - the most elastic rubber type
• Now explain special types of rubber to the participants. The most common special types in rubber products
are ethylene-propylene, butyl, chloroprene and nitrile rubber.
»» Ethylene-propylene rubber (EDM/EPDM) - for many purposes
»» Butyl rubber (IIR) - when low gas permeation is needed
»» Chloroprene rubber (CR) - resistant to oil and weather
»» Nitrile rubber (NBR) - for use with oil
• Now describe the commonly used rubbers for manufacturing of rubber parts with the abbreviations as per
ISO are provided in the table below.
Designation Trade Name Abbreviation

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Perbunan® NBR
Buna-N ®
Hydrogeneted Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Therban® HNBR
Zetpol®
Butyl Rubber Esso Butyl ® IIR
Chloropene Rubber Neoprene ® CR
Bayprene®
Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber Dutral® EPDM
Keltan®
Fluorocarbon Rubber Viton ® FKM
Fluorel®
Tecnoflone®
13
Facilitator Guide
Silicone Rubber Elastosil® MVQ

Rhodorsil®
Silopren®
Fluorosilicone Rubber Silestic® FMVQ
Perfluoro Rubber Kalrez® FFKM
Chemraz®
Tetrafluoethylene-Propylene Copolymer Aflas® EFPM
Polyester Urethane Adiprene® AU
Fig.2.2.1: Rubbers for manufacturing of rubber parts
Say
• Tell participants about the process of raw material preparation. Explain - for Injection Moulding, raw material
is usually prepared from the compound in shapes & sizes nearest to the product shape/size. This may be done
through mill / calendar sheeting cut to size, extruded profile cut to size or Hydraulic Pre-former where the
rubber is precisely cut to size & shape at the exit of the machine itself. The last is used for precision products.
• Now tell them about weighing of compounds.
Elaborate
• Unit of measurement with the participants - For moulding the rubber compound slugs/extrudate/ blocks/
plied pieces are all solid and they are weighed.
• Describe the method of Calculation of weight.
»» Volume (cubic.cm) x specific (gravity g/cc) = weight in gms
»» Weight in Kgs = weight in gms/1000
• Now share Ingredients Weighing Tips as follows:
»» The ingredients are weighed in the weighing section.
»» Check that the next calibration date on the balances are not beyond thedate of weighing
»» Weighing scale should be chosen appropriately depending upon the weight of the compound.
»» The ideal weighing range of any weighing scale should be in the middle 2/3 pan of the weighing scale
range.
»» Based on the compounds appropriate PPE are to be used by the operator.
»» The containers and the balance are to be kept clean and dry.
»» The weight of containers should be subtracted far determining the weight.
14
Say
• Tell participants now they will learn about material handling. Sometimes while operating few Injection
Moulding machines which are not equipped with continuous feeders it may be necessary to use Forklifts and
Pallets for handling raw materials.
Elaborate
• Give some tips for working effectively on moulds as;
»» Ensure that Injection Moulding machine is clean and fit for use as per SOP.
»» Ensure emergency safety feature of machine is working.

• Summarise the main points of the unit.
• Ask them to answer the questions at the end of unit given in the participant’s manual.
• Ensure that every participant answer all questions.
Activity-1
• Tell participants they have to identify the different raw material kept in the lab.
• Tell them they would be given a time of 30 minute for identifying the material in the lab and they need to
prepare a report on the same. The time for presentation for each group for should not exceed 20 minute per
group.
• Once presentations are complete appreciate the efforts made by the group and summarise the highlights of
the activity.

Identifying Raw Material in Lab 3 Hours Raw Materials, Charts
15
Facilitator Guide
Activity-2
• Tell participants that they have to demonstrate the material handling in lab.
• Tell them they would be given a time of 30 minute for preparation in the lab and they need to prepare a
report on the same. The time for presentation for each group for should not exceed 20 minute per group.
the activity.

Demonstration on Material 3 Hours Fork Lift, Pallet Jack, Charts
Handling
16
3. Perform Injection Moulding

Operation
Unit 3.1 – Perform Injection Moulding Operation
17 RSC/ N0702
Facilitator Guide

1. Operate injection moulding machine
2. Load the compound in the machine
3. Ensure all parameters are set appropriately
4. Ensure company policies and guidelines are followed
5. Follow safe working partition
18
UNIT 3.1: Perform Injection Moulding Operation
Unit Objectives
At the end of the unit, students will be able to:
1. Operate injection moulding machine
2. Load the compound in the machine
3. Ensure all parameters are set appropriately
4. Ensure company policies and guidelines are followed
5. Follow safe working partition
Do
• Tell the participants they are going to learn about Injection Moulding Operation.
Say
Tell the participants about the stages in Injection Moulding Cycle.
1. Stage 1: injection,
2. stage 2: holding pressure and plasticating,
3. Stage 3: ejection of the moulded part.
When stage 3 is completed, the mould closes again and the cycle starts over again.
19
Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
Tell them – There are three main stages in the injection moulding cycle.
• Injection of The Plastic Melts into the Mould
• Holding Pressure and Plasticating
• Ejection
Say
• Tell the participants about the Mould. Each mould, sometimes referred to as a tool, is built to exact
specifications of the part or parts needed by the customer. The mould usually consists of two mould halves.
Generally, one mould half contains the cavity and forms the outer shape of the part. This part of the mould
is known as the cavity side.
• Now tell the participants about the Runner System. A mould basically consists of properly designed sprue,
runner, gate, and cavity. The sprue is the channel, cut in the stationary platen that transports the melt from
the plasticator nozzle to the runner. Once the plastic melt enters the mould, it flows through a distribution
system, called the runner system.
• Also, tell the participants about Injection Moulding Process.
Elaborate
• Tell them – During injection moulding, rubber compounds are subjected to more severe processing
conditions than during compression or transfer moulding. Temperatures, pressures, and shear stresses are
higher, though cure times are shorter. Control over process variables can be more precise. The cycle time can
be minimized by independently controlling barrel temperature, screw speed, mould temperature, cure time,
and injection pressure. Compounds with widely differing flow and cure characteristics can be moulded into a
variety of complex shapes. The skill lies in the optimization of the process; this depends on close interaction
and understanding between rubber compounder, mould designer, and processor.
Say
• Tell the participants about the Injection Temperature. Cold feed extruder designs have been optimized to
enable control of the amount of frictional heat generated, and to maximize the overall heat-transfer rate by
constantly exposing fresh rubber surfaces to both barrel and screw
• Tell the participants about the screw speed. Screw speed and design can both significantly affect heat
generation in the extruder. In a given machine, screw design is fixed, and thus screw speed is the primary
control factor.
20
• Now tell the participants about Back Pressure. Back pressure is controlled by the pressure against which the
screw must work whilst filling the injection chamber.
• Also, tell the participants about the Injection Pressure. The work done by the ram in injecting the compound
through the nozzle and runners is dissipated as heat, and this can boost the material temperature by over
40 °C above that in the injection chamber. Thus as high an injection pressure is used as possible, consistent
with freedom from scorch
Demonstrate
Debrief participants about the process of operating an injection moulding. Explain and demonstrate these steps
to the participants:
Setup Instructions:
• Move to front of Machine
• Turning on Water Flow
Standard operating Procedures
• Step 1: Turn on the machines breaker
• Step 2: Activate control panel
• Step 3: Setting desired temperatures
• Step 4: Insert desired material into Hooper
• Step 5: Turn on hydraulics by pressing START button
• Step 6: Purging material is injection grade LDPE
• Step 7: Lower carriage
• Step 8: Purging process. Repeat step 8 three times.
• Step 9: Removing the purging fixture. Repeat steps 7-9 until there is no more material coming out while
purging.
• Step 10: Manually Feeding Mould
• Step 11: Gauging shot size
• Step 12: Removing mould
• Step 13: Automatic cycles
• Step 14: Set the cycle and injection timers to the values observed during your manual set-up.
• Step 15: Turn ON the “timers” toggle switch
• Step 16: The machine will inject, holding pressure until the injection timer times out.
• Step 17: When the cycle times out,
• Step 18: Remove moulded specimen
• Step 19: Completion Purge
21
Facilitator Guide
• Step 20: Powering Machine Off

• Step 21: Disable hydraulic pumps by pressing the STOP button
• Step 22: Switch OFF heaters, timers, and decompress (if used).
• Step 23: Switch illuminated power breaker to OFF position. Deactivating the control system.
• Step 24: Let water run for approx. 30 mins to assist with cool down.
• Step 25: Turn OFF water.

22
4. Post Moulding Activities

Unit 4.1 – Post Moulding Activities
23 RSC/ N0703
Facilitator Guide
At the end of the unit, you will be able to:

1. Remove cured piece from machine after moulding
2. Remove flashes from moulded part
3. Dispose waste material in safe manner and place in their designated bins, palletes
4. Make appropriate batches of the product
5. Do proper identification on material batches
6. Send samples to lab for testing
24
UNIT 4.1: Post Moulding Activities
Unit Objectives
1. Remove cured piece from machine after moulding
2. Remove flashes from moulded part
3. Dispose waste material in safe manner and place in their designated bins,palletes
4. Make appropriate batches of the product
5. Do proper identification on material batches
6. Send samples to lab for testing
• Bins
• Pallets
• Grinding Stone
• V Shaped Knife
• Punch
• Flash grooves
• Micro hardness tester
Do
• Tell the participants they are going to learn about post moulding activities.
25
Facilitator Guide
Say
• Tell participants as a part of post moulding activities –rubber product finishing after moulding is the first thing
need to be done.
Elaborate
• Explain – Plastic bins/crates should be ideally used for storing the moulded rubber products. They should be
kept away from sunlight / heat and moisture and at a place with room temperature of maximum 30◦C for
Natural Rubber based compounds and 40◦C for synthetic rubber based compounds.
• Higher ambient temperature or sunlight may result in faster ageing of the products (especially natural rubber
ased compound).
Say
• Tell participants now they will learn about equipment handover.
Elaborate
• Describe – Equipment handover procedure is normally covered in SOP, however the following are the
important points related to equipment handover:
• The moulding machine should be maintained spick and span, in good condition. It should be shown and
handed over to the next shift operator.
• Operator discussions should include status of the production, machine condition, process abnormalities if
any, product quality, quantity produced, balance in the schedule etc.
• Shift records / machine log which are also handed over should include all the above data in writing and signed
off by operators. Any queries by the next shift operator may be asked and the same need to be clarified.
Say
• Tell participants about the material disposal and its importance. Explain moulding waste is generally in the
form of vulcanized mould flash and trimmings.
• Elucidate- non-compliance to waste disposal procedures / methods can lead to lack of data on waste
generation and quantity which consequently affect waste control measures.
26
Elaborate
• Describe the coding system and batch marking to the participants. Illustrate:
• There should be detailed marking / batch coding for each batch going out of the moulding machine and
moving along the post moulding operations.
Say
• Now explain sampling to the participants. Tell them - Samples should be drawn from each moulded batch
randomly by lab/ Assigned personnel and checked visually and dimensionally.
27
Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
Share some tips with the participants to improve their work effectiveness in post compression activities as follows:
• Remove cured product properly as per SOP.
Say
• Now tell the participants about the injection moulding of rubber.
Elaborate
Tell them – There are a number of problems that do not become apparent until the mould is opened and it and
the product are examined. Some of these are briefly described below:
• Shrinkage and Part Dimensions
• Adhesion
• Backrinding
• Mould Fouling
• Orange Peeling
• Porosity
• Blisters

28
5. Health and Safety Hazards in

Rubber Industry
Unit 5.1 – Safety and Health Hazard in Rubber Industry
Unit 5.2 – Safety Hazard in Compound Moulding Machine
Unit 5.3 - First Aid and CPR
29
Facilitator Guide

1. Identify hazards
2. Identify types of Hazards
3. Recognize hazards which can lead to accidents
4. Beware about Health and Safety Hazards while working on Compression Moulding machine
5. Recognise the types of traps on Compression moulding machine
6. Fight with burns caused while working at hot Surface
7. Do various safety checks in Rubber Moulding Shop
1. Apply first aid on an injured person.
2. Follow the procedures of doing CPR .
30
UNIT 5.1: Safety and Health Hazard in Rubber Industry
Unit Objectives
1. Understand hazards
2. Identify types of Hazards
3. Recognize hazards which can lead to accidents
• Available objects such as black or white Board, chalk pieces or white board marker pens, duster
• PC with LCD Projector or Flip Chart
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• Respiratory Protective Equipment (RPE)
Do
• Greet and welcome the participants to the next session of the program.
• Tell them they will learn about safety and health hazard in rubber industry in this unit.
Say
• Tell participants about hazard - A hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat to property, environment, or
health. Most hazards are potential or dormant, with only a theoretical risk of harm. However, once a hazard
becomes "active", it can create an emergency situation.
• Tell them about type of types of hazards as :
»» Chemical hazard.
»» Physical hazard
»» Ergonomic hazard
31
Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
• Describe chemical hazard to the participants. Chemicals can enter the workers body through:
»» Ingestion: Accidental swallowing through eating, drinking, or Inhaling smoke.
»» Absorption: Absorbed through contact with skin or eyes.
»» Inhalation: Inhalation is typically the most common way chemicals can enter the body in a work situation.
Say
• Now they will learn about ergonomic hazards. Ergonomic hazards can cause painful and disabling injuries to
joints and muscle.
• Explain all the ergonomic hazards described in the participants manual.
• Tell them - Ergonomic hazards can lead to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and injuries, strains and sprains.
Do
• Ask participants do they have understood all the previous topics.
• If they have any doubts they can ask questions related to these.
• Revise the concept if you feel participants require clarity on those.
Elaborate
• Tell them now will learn about the common hazards that can lead to the accident.
• Share all the situations in detail with the participants.
»» Slip and fall incidents can happen anywhere on the factory floor.
»» Heavy object lifting can lead to a number of serious health conditions and permanent handicaps.
»» Flawed, damaged, and in appropriately preserved equipment can make any job even more hazardous.
»» Hazardous chemicals and substances are found in numerous factories.
»» Fire, explosions, and electrical accidents happen where flammable compounds and heat – producing
equipment is found.
»» Failure in proper training and supervision can lead to factory accidents.
Say
• Tell them now will learn about the possible hazards while manufacturing rubber.
32
• Share them in detail about the rubber dust in the manufacturing process. Explain - Rubber process dust
arises in rubber making where ingredient* are handled, weighed, added to or mixed with uncured synthetic
elastomers or natural rubber.
• Now share fire and explosion hazards with the participants. Several of the rubber compounding additives are
fire sensitive.
• Emphasize that - Particular care is needed in storage areas to make sure that incompatible materials, like
carbon black and sulphur,are adequately segregated.
Elaborate
• Discuss the importance of PPE with the participants. Explain – To ensure the biggest possible protection for
employees in the workplace, the co-operative efforts of both employees and employers will aid in establishing
and maintaining a safe and healthy work environment. In general, employees should:
»» Properly wear PPE,
»» Attend training sessions on PPE,
»» Care for clean and maintain PPE, and
»» Inform a supervisor of the need to repair or replace PPE.
• Also share the details of Respiratory Protection Equipment (RPE) as :
»» RPE must not be required if the controls function properly.
»» RPE is generally required for cleaning and maintenance.
»» Provide RPE with an assigned protection factor (APF) of at least 10
»» Disposable RPE is acceptable - throw it away at the end of the task.
»» Otherwise, replace RPE filters as recommended by the supplier.
»» Make sure that all RPE is properly fit and tested.
»» Keep RPE clean store it away from dust and other contaminants.
Say
• Tell them now they will learn about eye and face protection. Employees can be exposed to numerous of
hazards that leads to danger to their face and eyes. Employers to ensure that employees have appropriate
face or eye if they are exposed to front and/or side impact hazards employers are expected to give eye/face
wash equipment in the shop floor to such accidents.
• Share the instances where in employees need to take extra caution to safeguard face and eye.
• Now tell them how to care of head and the situations form which employees need to protection from head
injury.
• Tell participants how to take care of their foot and leg while working in a rubber factory. Safety shoes have
impact-resistant toes and heat-resistant soles that protect the feet against hot work surfaces common in
roofing, paving and hot metal industries.
33
Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
• Share following tips with the participants how to protect them from hazards while working in a rubber factory:
»» Observing all equipment special safety rules (for your individual pieces of equipment), including general
site safety rules, when using any of the equipments.
»» The Extruder Machine has moving parts and hot areas. Read and follow the manufacturer's operating
instructions and safety precautions for each piece of equipment.
»» Wear gloves while handling warm/hot concentrate. DO NOT PERMIT HOT CONCENTRATE TO CONTACT
ANY PART OF THE BODY, AS A SERIOUS BURN WILL RESULT.
»» Training of staff for the correct selection,the use and maintenance of PPE.
»» Training of staff in the correct use of machinery and safety devices. Redesign manual processes to avoid
heavy lifting/ slash repetitive activities.
»» Good standard of lighting.
»» Installing automatic alarms and shutoff systems.
»» Providing local fire department a list of products stored in the premises.

Activity
• Tell participants they have to demonstrate the correct use of PPE.
• Tell them they would be given a time of 30 minute for preparation. The time for presentation for each group
for should not exceed 20 minute per group.
the activity.

Demonstrate PPE 3 Hours PPE
Charts
34
UNIT 5.2: Safety Hazard in Compound Moulding Machine
Unit Objectives
1. Beware about Health and Safety Hazards while working on Compression Moulding machine
2. Recognise the types of traps on Compression moulding machine
3. Fight with burns caused while working at hot Surface
4. Do various safety checks in Rubber Moulding Shop
Do
• Tell them they will learn about safety hazard in compound moulding machine in this unit.
Say
• Tell participants about Some of the hazards and safety measures for working with compression moulding
machines are listed below. They are the design features of the machine but understanding them will improve
the awareness of the operator regarding the hazards and check whether the provisions on the machine are
in working condition.
• Tell them you will explain to you about the safe guards provided in the machine installed in the lab. All
the machines may or may not have all the safe guards mentioned below as the safe guards are indicated
considering a wide range of machines and situations.
35
Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
• Describe health and safety hazards to the participants.
• Explain Traps between the moving platens/ moulds from operator's position:
»» For Fixed mould presses
»» For Loose mould presses
• Then illustrate :
»» Traps in the core and ejector mechanism.
»» Traps between platens/moulds as a result of gravity fall (where applicable)
»» Traps between the platens and presses where full body access is possible
»» Traps between the moving platens/moulds at the rear of machines
»» Traps between the platens on multi - daylight presses
»» Dangerous moving parts at loading/unloading mechanisms
Say
• Now Tell participants about burns at hot surfaces - Hot parts above 80°C need to be protected against
accidental contact using guards or insulation. Where hot parts are necessarily exposed (For example:moulds),
warning signs as shown below are to be fixed.
• Explain the importance of safety checks with the participants. Tell them A notable number of mishaps
have occurred due to compression moulding machines because of insufficient guarding and because the
interlocking devices have degenerated in usage or have been overruled.
Demonstrate
• Demonstrate the minimum checks to be made to ensure safety is maintained: Operational checks (suggested
frequency: daily/after mould change)
»» Are all fixed and interlocked guards in place, and secure?
»» Does opening any interlocked guard promptly stop the hazardous parts that it secures?
»» Can the machine cycle be initiated when the front guard is open?
»» Are all control unit enclosures closed, locked and the keys removed?
»» Are the mould securing bolts tight enough (Weekly Check)?
• Explain about Maintenance checks (suggested frequency: monthly)
»» Are all fixed guards held in place with fastenings that require a tool to undo them?
»» Are all interlocking devices appropriately aligned and securely attached to the guards?
36
»» Does opening any interlocked guard promptly stop the hazardous parts it secures?
»» Can the hazardous parts be started with the guards open?
Trainer’s Note: These are supporting content to the Participant Manual, please adhere to the Participant Manual,
Page No. 59 and explain trainees' the concept.
Elaborate
• Describe the safety during mould change. Tell them – You should provide a written safe system of work for
your setters based on the following:
• Before mould change
»» The top platen should be chocked/ scotched in the fully raised position if stoked down.
»» The power origin to any discharging mechanism should be isolated before access to them is aimed.
»» Appropriate lifting equipment should be made available for the extraction installation of heavy moulds.
»» A sign should be put on the machine controls telling everyone that tool setting is in advancement.
• After mould change
»» Checks from the monthly maintenance list should be done to show that the guards are functioning
properly while the guards/interlocks are restored and before giving the machine back to the operator.
»» Make sure that mechanical constraint is appropriately adjusted.
»» Operational checks should be performed by the operator before the beginning of production on the
machine.
• Share some tips with the participants:
»» Ensure housekeeping/safety in the moulding area as per SOP.
»» Use lifting equipment such as forklift / Trolleys while lifting heavy materials such as moulds to avoid
physical injury.
»» Ensure mould lifting/ ejection/ slide mechanism of the press are properly functioning
»» Make sure that signage specifying hot surfaces are placed wherever needed.
»» Abide by all safety norms (such as wearing protective gloves, shoes, etc).
»» Abide by health, safety, environment guidelines.

37
Facilitator Guide
Activity
• Tell participants they have to go and visit a rubber factory and get familiarise with the health and safety
hazard on a compression moulding machine.
• Tell them they need to observe these details minutely in the rubber factory. Then they need to prepare and
present a report on the same.
• Give ten minutes to every participant for their report presentation.
the activity.

Factory Visit and Report Charts
Presentation on Health and safety
hazard
8 Hours
Factory Visit and Report Moulding Machine
Presentation on Health and safety
hazard
38
Unit 5.3: First Aid and CPR
Unit Objectives
1. AApply first aid on an injured person.
2. Follow the procedures of doing CPR.

• You could ask the students about the expectations from the course.
• Invite students to participate. List the expectations on the whiteboard.
• Give the students a brief overview of what all will be covered in the program.
Say
• First aid is the assistance given to any person suffering a sudden illness or injury, with care provided to preserve
life, prevent the condition from worsening, and/or promote recovery. First aid is generally performed by the
layperson, with many people trained in providing basic levels of first aid, and others willing to do so from
acquired knowledge.
• We will learn how to perform CPR and give First Aid Help.
Do
• Explain the importance of being aware of CPR and other First Aid methods
Demonstrate
• Show them the CPR process on a dummy
• Show them the contents of a First Aid Box
39
Facilitator Guide
Activity
• Conduct a skill practice activity.
• Ask the students to assemble together.
• Explain the purpose and duration of the activity
1. Practice CPR on a dummy 1 hour Dummy
40
6. Housekeeping
Unit 6.1 – Introduction to housekeeping

Unit 6.2 – Pre-housekeeping activities
Unit 6.3 – Housekeeping activities
Unit 6.4 – Post housekeeping activities
41 RSC/ N5001
Facilitator Guide

1. Familiarise with housekeeping and its importance in Compression Moulding
2. Do Preparation for housekeeping activities
3. Carry out housekeeping activities
4. Do Post housekeeping activities
5. Perform pre-housekeeping activities
6. Identify the reasons and principles of doing cleaning
7. Clean material, cleaning equipment and its maintenance
8. Do inspection and how to select of cleaning method
9. Plan housekeeping activity
10. Identify signs of poor housekeeping
11. Improve housekeeping at your workplaces
12. Do recommended housekeeping practices
13. Follow the cleaning methods
14. Identify the elements of effective housekeeping program
15. Deal with accidental damage
16. Deal with accidental damage, if any, caused while carrying out the work
17. Report the appropriate person any difficulties in carrying out your work
18. Identify and report to the appropriate person any additional cleaning required that is outside one's
responsibility or skill
19. Perform Post housekeeping activities
20. Do equipment and supplies maintenance
42
UNIT 6.1: Introduction to Housekeeping
Unit Objectives
1. Perform Housekeeping activities
2. Familiarise with the importance and purpose of Housekeeping
3. Identify the Benefits of Good Housekeeping
4. Recognize the concept of ‘5S’
Do
• Tell them they will learn about introduction to housekeeping in this unit.
Say
• Tell them Housekeeping refers to the activities carried out to keep the things in order at work place. It includes
keeping area clean and tidy. The work area should be properly organized; there should not be any clutter at
work place. House keeping must ensure that no rubber compound, rubber uncured or cured product is lying
on the floor. All usable rubber material should be on pallet/table properly identified and covered at the end
of the shift.
• Now explain the importance of housekeeping with the participants as follows: Effective housekeeping can
43
Facilitator Guide
delete some workplace hazards and help get a job done properly and safely.
• Explain - Housekeeping is not only cleanliness. It includes keeping work areas neat and in proper order,
maintaining halls and floors free of trip and slip hazards; and removing of waste materials (e.g. cardboard,
paper) and other fire House keeping ensures all usable rubber compounds are free of any contaminations.
Elaborate
• Explain the purpose of the workplace housekeeping. Poor housekeeping can be a cause of accidents, such as:
»» Tripping over loose objects on floors, stairs and platforms
»» Being hit by falling objects
»» Slipping on greasy, wet or dirty surfaces
»» Striking against projecting, poorly stacked items or misplaced material
»» Can be the cause of production delays and defective cured product
• Discuss with the participants that in order To avoid these hazards, a workplace must "maintain" order
throughout a workday..
Demonstrate
• Demonstrate the benefits of good housekeeping practices- Effective housekeeping results in:
»» Reduced handling to ease the flow of materials
»» Fewer tripping and slipping accidents in clutter-free and spill-free work areas
»» Decreased fire hazards
»» Lower worker exposures to hazardous substances (e.g. dusts, vapours)
»» Better control of tools and materials, including inventory and supplies
»» More efficient equipment cleanup and maintenance
»» Better hygienic conditions leading to improved health
»» More effective use of space
»» Reduced property damage by improving preventive maintenance
»» Less janitorial work
»» Improved morale
»» Improved productivity (tools and materials will be easy to find)
44
Elaborate
• Explain the 5S concept to the participants. Tell them – '5S 'is a system of steps and procedures that can be
utilized by individuals and teams to arrange work areas in the best possible manner to optimize performance,
safety, comfort, and cleanliness.
• Explain the 5s in detail with the help of table.
Japanese'S' Translation English 'S'

Seiri Organization Sorting
Seiton Neatness Simplifying Access
Seiso Cleaning Sweeping
Seitetsu Standardization Standardization
Shitsuke Discipline Self-Discipline
Fig.6.1.1: 5S acronym of five Japanese words

Activity
• Tell participants they have to go and visit a rubber factory and observe the housekeeping practices being
performed in the factory.
• Tell them they need to observe these details very minutely and they need to prepare and present a report
on the same.
• Give ten minutes to every participant for their report presentation.
the activity.

Factory Visit and Report 8 Hours Charts
Presentation on Housekeeping
practices in a rubber factory
45
Facilitator Guide
UNIT 6.2: Pre-housekeeping Activities
Unit Objectives
1. Perform pre-housekeeping activities
2. Identify the reasons and principles of doing cleaning
3. Clean material, cleaning equipment and its maintenance
4. Do inspection and how to select of cleaning method
5. Plan housekeeping activity
6. Identify signs of poor housekeeping
7. Improve housekeeping at your workplaces
8. Do recommended housekeeping practices
• Cleaning Material
• Cleaning Equipment
Do
• Tell them they will learn about pre housekeeping activities in this unit.
46
Say
• Tell them about pre housekeeping activities include accessing area for housekeeping, selection of cleaning
method and cleaning equipment and planning for housekeeping are part of Pre-Housekeeping activities.
• Discuss the reasons for doing cleaning in detail with the participants.
• Explain the basic principles of cleaning that they need to follow in any type of cleaning that they need to
perform irrespective of the surface or the soil as :
»» All soil should be removed
»» Soil should be removed without harming the surface being cleaned or the surrounding surfaces
»» The surface should be restored to its original state after the cleaning process
»» The simplest method should be tried first using the mildest cleaning agent
Elaborate
• Describe cleaning material and equipment to them with examples in detail as:
»» Cleaning agents are substances, usually liquids, powders, sprays and granules that are used to remove
dirt, including dust, stains, bad smells and clutter on surfaces.
»» Acidic washing agents are mainly utilized for elimination of inorganic deposits like scaling to unblock
clogged pipes by dissolving greases, proteins and even carbohydrate-containing.
»» Alkaline washing agents contain strong bases like sodium hydroxide and/or potassium hydroxide. The
alkali also dissolves grease, oils, fats, and protein-based deposits.
»» Neutral washing agents are pH-neutral and based on non-ionic surfactants that disperse varied types of
dirt.
»» Degreaser Cleaning agents specially made for elimination of grease are known as degreasers.
Demonstrate
• Show all the manual cleaning equipment to the participants mentioned in the table.
Cleaning Types Uses

Equipment
Brushes Hard Brushes Hard brushes have bristles that are fairly stiff and well-spaced out.
Theyare most suitable for removal of heavy soil and litter from carpels
and for cleaning rough surfaces. –Example: deck scrubber for floors
47
Facilitator Guide
Soft Brushes Soft brushes have bristles that are fairly flexibleand set close together.
They help to remove loose soil and litter on hard and smooth surfaces.
Such brushes may be designed to dust carpets and furniture,
especially those that are made of cane and wicker
e.g. –upholsterybrush
Broom Soft bristled These brooms are made of corn-fiber, grass and are used for smooth
broom floors.
Hard broom These brooms are made of coconut fiber and are used for coarse surface,
especially outdoors.
Wall broom These are ceiling brooms called Turk's head. These brooms are used to
remove cobwebs or dust from ceiling, and high edges.
Box sweeper These are also called as carpet sweepers and are used for sweeping up
the dust from smooth floor coverings such as rugs and carpets. A box
sweeper consists of a friction brush that revolves when the equipment
is pushed manually over the carpet or floor. The dust gets collected into
the built in dust pans.
Do
• Ask participants if they have understood the concepts discussed with them.
• Ask them to come up with their doubts, if they have any pertaining to previous concepts.
• Clear their doubts and answer their queries satisfactorily.
• Revise the concepts if you feel it is necessary.
Say
• Tell them now they learn about planning housekeeping activity.
• Explain the importance of planning to them. A better housekeeping program manages and plans the orderly
storage and movement of materials from point of entry to exit. It includes a material flow plan to ensure
minimum handling. The plan also makes sure that work areas are not utilized as storage areas by having
workers move materials to and from work areas as required.
• Also discuss with them that worker training is an essential part of any good housekeeping program. Workers
require to know how to work safely with the products they use. They also require to know how to protect
other workers like by posting signs (e.g., "Wet - Slippery Floor") and reporting any unusual conditions.
• Illustrate that Housekeeping order is "maintained" not "achieved." Cleaning and organization should be done
on regular basis, not just at the end of the shift. Integrating housekeeping into jobs can help ensure this is
done.
48
Elaborate
• Share with them that pre housekeeping activity checklist is an important tool to ensure that cleaning is
happening as per schedule or not.
• Discuss the sample checklist mentioned in the participant manual with them in detail.
Say
• Tell them about the signs of the poor housekeeping activity.
• Also discuss the impact of the same with the participants with relevant examples.
• Share some tips with them to improve housekeeping in their workplace. Tell them Good housekeeping
requires effort and teamwork, but it's worth it.
• Also share some recommended housekeeping practices with the participants.

Activity
• Tell them they need to demonstrate cleaning equipments discussed in the unit.
• Tell them they will get 45 minutes for preparation and 15 minutes for demonstration.
the activity.

Demonstration of Cleaning Equipments 3 Hours • Charts
• Moulding Machine
49
Facilitator Guide
UNIT 6.3: Housekeeping Activities
Unit Objectives
1. Follow the cleaning methods
2. Identify the elements of effective housekeeping program
3. Deal with accidental damage
4. Deal with accidental damage, if any, caused while carrying out the work
5. Report the appropriate person any difficulties in carrying out your work
6. Identify and report to the appropriate person any additional cleaning required that is outside one's
responsibility or skill
Do
• Tell them they will learn about housekeeping activities in this unit.
50
Say
• Tell participants about different cleaning methods which includes:
»» Manual sweeping and mopping
»» Machine assisted sweeping and mopping
»» Cleaning the carbon deposits on electrical points with a piece of cloth
»» Mopping the area around the coolant water tank
»» Removing the waste around the machine by sweeping and collecting in the container
»» Cleaning the oil, grease and the other materials fallen around the machine with a cloth
»» Cleaning the control and display part of the machine
Demonstrate
• Discuss with them the elements of effective housekeeping program and practically show all these process
in detail to the participants.
• Tell them first thing in the list is dust and dirt removal. Vacuum cleaners are appropriate for eliminating light
dirt dust. Special-purpose vacuums are helpful for eliminating hazardous substances. Compressed air must
not be used for removing dirt, dust, or chips from works surfaces or equipment.
• Demonstrate this activity practically to them.
Say
• Tell participants it very important to deal with an accidental damage. In case of an accidental damage the
following should be kept into consideration:
»» It is necessary to ensure that no damage occurs to the equipment during housekeeping.
»» Electrical supply to the machines should be total cut off whenever machine cleaning is involved.
»» In case any damage occurs, it should be reported to the supervisor immediately. In case it is proved that
it is absolutely due to the negligence of the housekeeper, appropriate action will be taken by the HR as
per the estimate of damage from the supervisor and finance.
»» In case it is proved that it is because of the defective equipment, action will be taken against the concerned
and repairs will be carried out by the maintenance department to avoid reoccurrence.
»» Facilities department and safety personnel in case of injury/accident will also study the reason for
damage and implement changes in the cleaning procedure.
»» The trainer will explain to you the SOP followed in your company.
51
Facilitator Guide

Activity
• Tell them they need to demonstrate elements of housekeeping activities discussed in the unit.
• Tell them they will get 45 minutes for preparation and 15 minutes for demonstration.
the activity.

Demonstration of housekeeping activities 3 Hours Cleaning Equipment
Cleaning Material
52
UNIT 6.4: Post Housekeeping Activities
Unit Objectives
1. Perform Post housekeeping activities
2. Do equipment and supplies maintenance
Do
• Tell them they will learn about post housekeeping activities in this unit.
Say
• Tell them about post housekeeping activities include post housekeeping inspection.
53
Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
• Discuss with the participants the important points to consider while performing post housekeeping inspection:
»» The floor is dry
»» Areas surrounding the compression moulding machine are free from waste
»» No oil stains and grease stains on the floor
»» Display and controls on the compression moulding machine are free from dust and muck.
»» Check whether the cleaning equipment is clean and all the cleaning materials and tools are returned to
their proper places.
»» All usable compound for moulding is well covered,placed on pallet/skid/table and in ready to use
condition
Say
• Explain to them that equipment and supplies maintenance is an important part of the post housekeeping
activities. Replenishment of the consumables used for cleaning is very critical. In case of breakdown it is
necessary to inform the breakdown of the equipment to the maintenance department regularly.
Elaborate
• Share equipment care tips with the participants as follows:
»» All staff should know the correct methods of careful cleaning and storage.
»» The correct equipment should be selected for each task and used correctly.
»» All equipments should be cleaned after use.
»» Manufacturer's instructions for operation and maintenance should be followed.
»» Equipment should be stored correctly.
»» All equipments must be inspected before and after use and all defects should be reported.
»» Follow equipment manual /sop on machine cleaning to protect from dust/carbonparticles
Say
• Now tell participants about the safety measures to taken post housekeeping activity regarding electrical
appliances, wirings and fittings.
• Share some tips with the participants regarding post housekeeping activities which will make the work of
compression moulding operator more effective.
54

Activity
• Tell participants they need to create a role play on the post housekeeping activities.
• Tell them they need to act the same scenario as they working in a factory.
• They will get 15 minutes time to prepare for the same and each group will be given 20 minutes to present
their activity.
the activity.

Role Play – Post Housekeeping Activity 3 Hours • Charts
55
Facilitator Guide
56
7. Reporting and Documentation

Unit 7.1 – Reporting and Documentation
57 RSC/ N5002
Facilitator Guide

1. Report data/problems/incidents as applicable by following company reporting procedures
2. Do documentation within stipulated time according to company procedure
3. Respond to requests for information in an appropriate manner whilst following organizational procedures
58
UNIT 7.1: Reporting and Documentation
Unit Objectives
1. Report data/problems/incidents as applicable by following company reporting procedures
2. Do documentation within stipulated time according to company procedure
3. Respond to requests for information in an appropriate manner whilst following organizational procedures
• Production status report format
• Maintenance request format
• Daily production report format
• Incident report format
• Request for information
Do
• Tell them they will learn about reporting and documentation in this unit.
Say
• Tell them - Timely reporting is extremely important to keep a track of production and other activities carried
out at the different stages of production. It ensures the desired rate of production and initiation of the
corrective actions at the earliest. Urgent reports are to be first conveyed orally to the immediate supervisor/
the person to whom who is identified for reporting.
• Discuss a daily production plan in detail with the participants. Tell them if there are any concerns these
should be immediately reported to the supervisor.
59
Facilitator Guide
Demonstrate
• Tell participants there are defined formats for reports and documentation which they need to use while
preparing a report. Share the formats mentioned in the participant’s manual and discuss these in detail with
the class as:
»» Production status format
»» Maintenance request form
»» Daily production report
»» Incident report
»» Request for information format
• Also share these formats with all the participants and make sure every participant should fill these formats
completely.
• Check and see if they require any assistance in completing these. If required revise the main points of the
concept shared with them.
Say
• Tell participants about the importance of record keeping.
• Explain - All the documents similar to the above are to be filed immediately in the file or stored in the PC. All
the documents similar to the above are to be filed immediately in the file or stored in the PC. The files can be
maintained separately for the following:
»» Production
»» Safety
»» Maintenance
»» Quality
»» House Keeping
»» Administration
Elaborate
• Tell participants that records are extremely important for the profitability and reputation of the company.
Some other reasons for the significance are mentioned under:
»» For procurement of quality materials by avoiding the sources which supplied the low quality ingredients.
»» For rectification of the machines and accessories which when are in operation, the defects have occurred
»» For retraining the operators who were operating the machine when the defects occurred
»» To change the SOP to avoid re-occurrence of the same defects
»» Strategize the sales of the final product based on the pace of production.
»» To plan for adaptation of new processes and plan the equipment.
60
Say
• Share some tips for the effective reporting and documentation.

61
Facilitator Guide
Activity
• Divide participants into five equal groups
• Allocate one formats to each group as Production status report format, Maintenance request format, Daily
production report format, Incident report format, Request for information
• Tell them they need fill the specific format assigned to them. They will be given 20 minutes for preparation.
• Give 20 minutes to every group for their report presentation.
the activity.
• Also highlight the shortcoming or any points they missed during their presentation.

Filling and presenting reporting formats 4 Hours • Charts
• Production status
report format
• Maintenance request
format
• Daily production
report format
• Incident report format
• Request for
information
62
8. Quality
Unit 8.1 – To Carry out Quality Check
63 RSC/ N5003
Facilitator Guide

1. Identify activities and standards set by the company involved in Quality check
2. Recognise the quality methodologies and standard set by company.
3. Analyze the need of quality checks and determines the appropriate method and procedure to meet the
standards
64
UNIT 8.1: To Carry out Quality Check
Unit Objectives
1. Identify activities and standards set by the company involved in Quality check
2. Recognise the quality methodologies and standard set by company.
3. Analyze the need of quality checks and determines the appropriate method and procedure to meet the
standards
• Vernier caliper,
• Micrometer
• Plug gauge
• Profile projector
• Magnification glass
• Final inspection report format
• Dimension report format
Do
• Tell them they will learn to carry out quality checks in this unit.
65
Facilitator Guide
Say
• Tell them quality checks are performed in a setup through inspections. The instruments used to perform
inspection are: Vernier calliper, micrometer, plug gauge, profile projector, magnification glass etc.
• Besides instrumental checkups inspection can also performed by non instrument checks as running finger to
check for defect check.
• Discuss the significance of quality control procedures with the participants.
• Also tell them in case of non conformance to quality standards can result in product failure, product recall
and even loss of market share.
• In case of non conformities a detailed analysis is made. On the basis of root causes or "5WHY" analysis, the
action needed to prevent the recurrence of non-conformities should be arrived at. Corrective action should
be reviewed periodically (monthly/quarterly) to be sure about the effectiveness of the corrective action.
Demonstrate
• Discuss the reporting of the quality inspection. Quality inspection data should be discussed with the section
supervisor and QC in charge as soon as possible so that appropriate actions only are initiated within reasonable
time limits. All action taken should be recorded for follow up later on.
• Discuss the quality reporting formats with the participants in detail as: final inspection report, dimension
report format.
Say
• Share tips with the participant how to ensure effective quality check on moulded part.

66
Activity
• Divide participants into five equal groups.
• Tell them that they need to perform a role play demonstrating quality checks in mould rubber. Give 20
minutes to prepare the role play and 20 minutes per group would be given for presenting role play.
the activity.

Role Play – Quality check in moulds 4 Hours • Vernier caliper,
• Micrometer
• Plug gauge
• Profile projector
• Magnification glass
• Final inspection report format
• Dimension report format
67
Facilitator Guide
68
9. Problem Identification and

Escalation
Unit 9.1 – Problem Identification, Necessary Action and Escalation
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Facilitator Guide

1. Discuss various problems and issues related to raw materials, rubber products, equipment, and any other
(such as administration, HR etc)
2. Analyze problem related to raw material, procedures, moulding process, rubber compounds, rubber
products, machines etc. to identify the appropriate solution
3. Follow escalation matrix whenever necessary
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UNIT 9.1: Problem Identification, Necessary Action and Escalation
Unit Objectives
1. Discuss various problems and issues related to raw materials, rubber products, equipment, and any other
(such as administration, HR etc)
2. Analyze problem related to raw material, procedures, moulding process, rubber compounds, rubber products,
machines etc. to identify the appropriate solution
3. Follow escalation matrix whenever necessary
Do
• Tell them they will learn about problem identification, necessary action and escalation in this unit.
Say
• Tell them - The operator is the center of all the activities in compression moulding. As such pro-active behavior
from the operator to identify the problems related to the materials, products, and the equipment, is going
to benefit the company.
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Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
• The operator should look out for the following with reference to materials:
»» Signs of contamination
»» Condition of the containers in which the materials are supplied for loading
»» Condition of weighing machines in the weighing room
»» Condition of storing arrangement for the materials in stores
»» Condition of materials on receipt
»» Proof for random checking of the raw materials
»» Change of suppliers
»» Moisture condensing on the raw materials
»» Whether the reports indicate that the specifications are met at the maximum and minimum limits
»» Shelf life of the raw materials
»» Good housekeeping of the materials around the machine and in the storage areas
• Explain that - Problems related to raw materials, products and equipment need continuous identification
and solution for profitable operation of the compression moulding machine with minimum rejections and
rework.
Say
• Tell them once problem is identified the next step is to find solution to the existing problem.
Elaborate
• Describe the actions to be taken for common problem during moulding areas under:
»» Blistering/ heavy section : Whenever you encounter a blistering/ heavy section ensure that you increase
the cure, and slow close.
»» Porosity : When you notice porosity immediately increase the pressure, reduce the temperature and
increase stop duration.
»» Mould sticking : When you come across mould sticking, it is very crucial to raise the mould temperature
and increase stop duration.
»» War page: Upon noticing war page : necessary action to be taken right away is to ensure that uniform
mould temperature is maintained.
»» Burned marks : To overcome burned marks, reduce the stop and the mould temperature.
»» Dull surface : Dull surfaces can be taken care of by adjusting the mould temperature and extending stop.
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»» Heavy flash : When heavy flash is noticed: immediately check the material flow.
»» Dimpled surface : Necessary action to be taken to overcome dimpled surfaces include: slower closing,
lowering temperature and increasing the charge.
»» Pitted surface : Problems with pitted surfaces can be solved by simply using stiffer material and increasing
the stop duration.
»» Contamination : Contamination is the most common problem encountered
• Explain that at his level operator may consider applicable corrections and formulate corrective action with
respect to the identified problem during the compression moulding. It is important to consider following for
corrective action:
»» Report/documentation problem and corrective action in an appropriate manner
»» Monitor corrective action
»» Evaluate implementation of corrective action taken to determine if the problem has been resolved
Say
• Tell participants it is very important to inform your superior authority, Quality personnel and production
personnel as soon as the problem is identified.
• Share some tips with the participants regarding problem identification, necessary action and escalation.

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Facilitator Guide
Activity
• Divide participants into five equal groups.
• Tell them that they need to perform a role play reporting problem to a supervisor and solving the problem.
Give 20 minutes to prepare the role play and 20 minutes per group would be given for presenting role play.
the activity.

Role Play –Reporting a problem to supervisor 4 Hours • Participant Manual
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10. Generic Skills

Unit 10.1 – Workplace Skills
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Facilitator Guide

1. Describe communication, importance of good reading & writing skills and trade ethics
2. Identify the importance of effective communication with co-workers in writing as well as orally
3. Identify the documents which are necessary to read to in order to carry out operator's tasks
4. Identify importance of work ethics and professionalism
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UNIT 10.1: Workplace Skills
Unit Objectives
1. Describe communication, importance of good reading & writing skills and trade ethics
2. Identify the importance of effective communication with co-workers in writing as well as orally
3. Identify the documents which are necessary to read to in order to carry out operator's tasks
4. Identify importance of work ethics and professionalism
Do
• Tell them they will learn about workplace skills in this unit.
Say
• Tell Participants what is Reading skills refer to the specific abilities that enable a person to read with
independence and interact with the message. Ask them questions like if they read books and what kind of
books do they like to read?
• Tell them what is comprehension. Explain that level of understanding of text or message is comprehension.
• Now, tell them different ways to keep them updated. This helps them in enhancing their knowledge. The way
you use when you are going through a magazine or newspaper.
• Discuss with them the techniques for good reading skills.
• Tell Participants what is writing and why is it important.
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Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
Describe effective writing skills with the help of writing flow table mentioned in the participants manual.
Writing flow
Be Clear
• Your writing must be understood at the first reading
• A business document is clear when it means exactly what the writer intends. Avoid technical jargon, unfamiliar
words or formal language.
• Eliminate ambiguity, i.e. avoid using a word with a double meaning or misplacing a phrase within a sentence.
Be Concise
• Avoid wordy expressions.
• Avoid unnecessary repetition.
• Include only relevant information.
• Come to the point quickly and without "waffle".
• Omit unnecessary background information.
• Use short, familiar words instead of long words.
• Revise your first draft looking for ways to reduce the number of words or to cut out unnecessary information.
Say
• Now tell them about email etiquette. Share some tips with them.
• Discuss email etiquette with them in detail When it comes to business, regardless of mode of communication
used, professionalism and courtesy never go Out of style.
• Show all the manual cleaning equipment to the participants mentioned in the table.
Elaborate
• Explain work ethics and professionalism to the participants. The primary role of the procedure is to offer a
clear and easily understandable plan for the reader to carry out or implement a policy.
• Explain - Managing employees can be one of the most varied aspects of running a business. Establishing
policies and procedures and stating them in the employee manual may ease the burden clearly communicated
standards may assist to reduce employee complaints, absenteeism, and staff turnover.
• Tell them the significance of the ethical decision making. Making good ethical decisions needs a trained
sensitivity to ethical issues and a practiced method for exploring the ethical aspects of a decision and weighing
die considerations that must impact our choice of a course of action.
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• Explain the framework for ethical decision making:

»» Clarify
»» Evaluate
»» Implement
»» Monitor and modify
Say
• Now tell participants about the ethical relationship. The ethical foundation of a company is vital to the way a
company is perceived by customers and peers alike
• Emphasize on the organisational loyalty and professional use of facilities. they do not belong to us directly,
they should not be misused.
• Explain peer relationship to the participants and share traits of healthy peer relationship amongst employees.
Highlight the importance of unbiased treatment to all peers and treating a female peer.

Activity
• Tell them they each group need to prepare a presentation emphasizing on the importance of generic skills.
• Allocate one topic to each group as: Reading and Writing Skills, E-mail Etiquette, Work Ethics and
Professionalism. Give them 20 minute preparation time to each group.
• Give 20 minutes presentation time to each group.
the activity.

Presentation – Generic Skills 8 Hours • Charts
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Facilitator Guide
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11. Soft Skills And

Communication Skills
Unit 11.1 - Introduction to the Soft Skills
Unit 11.2 - Effective Communication
Unit 11.3 - Grooming and Hygiene
Unit 11.4 - Interpersonal Skill Development
Unit 11.5 - Social Interaction
Unit 11.6 - Group Interaction
Unit 11.7 - Time Management
Unit 11.8 - Resume Preparation
Unit 11.9 - Interview Preparation
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Facilitator Guide

1. Familiarise with the art of Effective Communication.
2. Able to handle effective Communication with co-workers and their Family.
3. Able to handle effective Communication with Peers/ colleagues using medical terminology in
communication.
4. Maintain health and hygiene
5. Develop interpersonal skills
6. Develop effective social interaction
7. Manage time effectively
8. Prepare for interviews
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UNIT 11.1: Introduction to the Soft Skills
Unit Objectives
1. Describe the basic meaning of Soft Skills, their components and their benefits.
2. Familiarise with work readiness and its significance.
Say
• Employees are a crucial part of an organization, understanding them personally can be helpful in various
aspects. There is much more to their identity than merely their skills. This brings into light, the concept of
‘soft skills’.
• Soft skills are personal characteristics that describe an individual’s ability to interact with people and situations
around. Soft skills can be explained as a group which comprises personality traits, social graces, language,
habits, sociability and optimism that characterise relationship with other people.
• Soft skills have more to do with who we are than what we know.
• Soft Skills complement hard skills which are occupational requirements of a job and many other activities.
• According to a survey, the long term success in job is 75 % due to soft skills and 25 % due to technical
knowhow.
Activity
• Ask the students to form a circle.
• Starting from a one person, ask each of them to tell something about themselves. This should necessarily
include their strengths and weaknesses.
• This will give them a better chance of knowing each other.
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Facilitator Guide
Explain
• Discuss what helps in keeping you happy in your school- academic knowledge or company of friends.
Say
Soft skills essentially relate to the personality of a person. There are certain components that relate a person to
the rest of the group and on which communication depends largely. This largely ensures how a person gets along
with other people:
• Adaptability: It is the ability of an individual to manage change. It’s about how fast and smoothly a person is
able to blend in and be productive in an changed environment.
• Emotional Strength: An emotionally strong person succeeds in directing his moods and emotions such as
anger frustration and excitement.
• Leadership Quality: How one manages conflict in personal and professional situation and convinces people
reflects upon his leadership quality.
• Team Playing Ability: It is the ability to manage different types of people and make them work harmoniously
with each other.
• Decision Making:This reflects upon how one manages his time and other resources in efficient and productive
manner.
• Interpersonal Communication: This is an individual’s ability to effective communication with other and in the
process creating a positive image of him.
• Negotiation Skills: This is how one negotiates with others and reduces the level of stress in work, professional
and personal environment
Activity
• Ask students to sit in a circle.
• Blindfold a student and give him a packet of biscuit.
• Ask the other students to come one by one and ask for the packet and make attempt to convince him as to
why he should be given the packet.
• The blindfolded person has the authority to refuse to give to the people who fail to convince him and give it
only to the person who succeeds in convincing him.
• At the end of the game we would be able to have an insight as to which person possesses the best
communication skills, negotiation skills, etc.
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Explain
• On the basis of the activity, discuss what corrective steps could the other people take to improve their
communication/negotiation skills.
Say
A person who interacts well with others gets added advantages other than personal satisfaction. Also, personal
traits like decision making, leadership ability are not only related to the concerned person himself but they affect
others to whom the person interacts. Some of these benefits include :
• Increased credibility with customers
• Increased customer satisfaction
• More productive employees
• Recognition from the industry, employer and peers.
In short, they aid in the personal growth of a person.
Activity
• Ask the students to sit separately.
• Ask them to write whether they buy grocery products from one shop daily or prefer to go to any shop selling
such products.
• If they go to one shop, ask them to give reason for their loyalty. Is it the good behavior of the shopkeeper
that keeps them loyal?
• Also, ask the people who do not have any such preference, reasons for this behaviour.
Say
How do employees differ from each other? What makes an inexperienced person more successful than a previously
working person? On being asked, the answer to this question could be right attitude. Merely performing a task is
not the requirement. A person should do it with the right kind of attitude to get the best results. This can include:
• An allegro attitude to the owner.

• A clear interest at work to be done.
• The ability to communicate appropriately in an adult working
environment.
• The capacity to acknowledge customers and provide the assistance
recommended by the employer.
• A commitment to maintaining their reliability and punctuality for the
whole of the period spent in the workplace.
Fig.11.1.1: Work readiness
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Facilitator Guide
Activity
• Ask the students to form a group.
• Ask them about their interest- painting, dancing, etc. people might come up with different interests.
• Based on it, ask the entire group to do an activity say painting.
• Observation can show that people who like doing a particular task say painting are likely to show more zeal
than others who do not have much interest in it.
• Also, such people are more likely to have an active participation throughout the activity and enjoy it rather
than taking it as a burden.
Explain
• Based on the results, discuss why some student’s/ groups were able to get better results. This could be due
to difference of interests, enthusiasm, confidence, etc.
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UNIT 11.2: Effective Communication
Unit Objectives
1. Do public speaking.
2. Describe his /her likes and dislikes for five minutes in the classroom.
3. Basic etiquette during a conversation with another person, overcome shyness etc.
Say
• Communication is a tool that connects us with other human beings. An effective communication not only
helps in developing a sense of belonging but also facilitates better working, improves relationships, reduces
stress.
Say
• Communication process of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts, ideas, feelings,
intentions, attitude by speech, gesture, writing etc. is known as communication. It is the meaningful exchange
of information between two or more participants.
• Communication requires a sender, a message, a medium and a recipient.
• Communication process is complete only when a receiver understands the sender message.
Elements Of Communication
Communication requires a sender, a message, a medium and a recipient. Communication process is not complete
if a receiver does not understand the sender’s message. These elements are as follows:
• Message: First of all the information exists in sender’s mind. It could be a concept, an idea, a formation or a
feeling.
• Encoding: A message is sent to the receiver in encoded language/format.
• Decoding: Lastly the receiver translates the words or symbols into a concept or information that a person
can understand.
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Facilitator Guide
Fig.11.2.1: The Communication Process
Understanding whether a message has been effectively conveyed and understood by the receiver can be done
with the help of a feedback. It is a feedback that brings out the success or failure of a communication process.
Activity
• Call 2 students.
• Ask them to have a casual conversation.
• With respect to their conversation, explain who is the speaker, what is the message.
• Also explain encoding, decoding and feedback with respect to the conversation.
Explain
• Discuss the importance of tone of voice, gestures, etc. in a communication process.
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Say
Communication is not merely restricted to exchange of ideas and information verbally. In fact, it extends far
beyond that. Even a newspaper is a mode of communication. It can be categorized into three basic types:
• Verbal Communication: It means you listen to a person to understand what message the person is trying
to convey. The speaker have the advantage of immediate feedback. This type of communication is best for
conveying emotions and can involve storytelling and critical conversations.
• Written Communication: Letters, books, newspapers are few of the examples of written communication.
Printed media, emails can also be categorised into this communication. They are asynchronous, can reach
many readers and are best for conveying information.
• Non Verbal Communication: A nonverbal communication can also be called Body language because this
communication does not involvedany verbal interaction but mere observation of the people involved in the
communication.
According to a study only 7% of a receiver’s comprehension of a message is based on sender’s actual words, 38%
is based on paralanguage (tone, pace and volume of speech) and 55% is based on nonverbal cues.
Activity
• Ask 2 students to explain the process of communication.
• Pay attention to the way they explain.
• Categorize the various types of communication used by them.
Explain
• Discuss the situations in which each of them is used.
Say
• There are various reasons why communication is not effective and successful. These failures are because of
the barriers in communication which occurs at any stage in the communication process.
• The most common barrier known in communication is ‘noise’. It not only creates a sense of irritation but may
affect the intensity of effect of the message.
• Apart from this, there are certain other barriers that affect communication/exchange of ideas between the
sender and receiver. They are as shown in the figure:
• Some of the barriers can be overcome- using simple language, active listening can be of great help.
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Facilitator Guide
Fig.11.2.2: Barriers in Communication
Activity
• Organize students into groups of 2.
• Give one of the students, an article about a totally unknown topic.
• Give him 10mins. Time to read it.
• Let him explain to the class by the end of the time, what is the topic all about and crucial details in it.
• Ask the students what they have understood.
• Discuss about problems in understanding (if any) faced by the rest of students.
Explain
• On the basis of the activity above, discuss the barriers in communication.
• Also, discuss how these barriers can be taken care of.
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Say
By now, we know that communication is a two-way process. It is not merely about the way a speaker communicates
an information but equally about how the receiver receives it. In verbal communication, most of the problems
can be taken care of if the listener is listening actively.
• An active listening involves all the attention on the receiver/listener’s part to what the speaker is saying.
• It can not only help to deal with certain communication barriers but also help to avoid uneasy situations
between the two and reduce chances of misunderstanding.
Activity
• Call 3 students.
• Give a student a written piece. Ask him to read it out loudly to the other 2 students.
• Provide one student with earphones to listen to music while listening to the information.
• Let the other person listen to it without any distraction.
• At the end of the reading, ask both the student to tell what has been read out.
• As a matter of fact we would find out that the person who has put all his attention in listening would yield
better results in comparison to the other one.
Say
Most of the people are not good listeners. Not listening carefully can land a person into various unfavourable
situations. However, this habit can be improved. Some tips are as follows:
• Concentrate what the person is talking about and not on noise or other external distractions.
• Understand his emotions and you get it all right. Is the speaker angry, happy or plainly inquisitive?
• When the speaker is saying or telling something, don’t break the chain of his thoughts.
• Don’t avoid completing sentences of the speaker. Let them speak and speak only after they finish.
Activity
• Ask the students to sit forming a circle.
• A student to start saying counting, the next one should follow saying the consecutive number.
• At the gap of multiples of 5, the respective student is expected to clap instead of saying the number.
• The student who fails to do this, would be disqualified for the game. The others would proceed.
• At the end the one who wins the game would be considered the best listener.
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Facilitator Guide
Explain
• Discuss with the students the importance of being an active speaker in a debate where counter-questioning
is allowed.
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UNIT 11.3: Grooming and Hygiene
Unit Objectives
1. Maintain cleanliness and hygiene.
2. Keep their dress clean and tidy.
3. Maintain positive body language while speaking.
4. Enable to perform more of the do’s than the don’ts.
5. Leant about good eating habit and their impact on health.
6. Avoiding bad things such as gutkha and alcohol.
7. Learn about AIDS and its prevention.
Say
• The first impression that a person has on others is generally based on the way he/she looks. This doesn’t
include the physical beauty of a person but the way he carries himself.
• Personal grooming not only makes us presentable to other people but good personal hygiene is essential for
good health. Taking care of one’s personal cleanliness - bathing, dressing according to the work environment,
etc. form crucial part in creating impression about a person.
• Every employee in an organization represents it in a certain way.
• The personal appearance of each employee should be in accordance with the work environment.
• Uniform/personal clothes should be neat and clean, ironed and well-buttoned.
• Shoes should be well polished.
• Emphasis should also be laid on having a decent hairstlyle and neat nails.
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Facilitator Guide
Say
• Communication is the process of exchange of words, ideas, feelings. It is the meaningful exchange of
information between two or more participants.
• Communication requires a sender, a message, a medium and a recipient.
• Communication process is complete only when a receiver understands the sender message.
Activity
• Show the students a chart having 2 girls- one dressed in a shabby way and another dressed decently.
• Ask the students which one they would prefer to be associated with in real life.
• Ask them to give reasons.
Explain
• Discuss the importance of bathing daily, wearing neat clothes, etc. as they have learn from society.
• Also discuss whether one’s appearance (in terms of clothes, cleanliness)affects the way people behave with
them.
Say
There are certain norms as to how one should dress in a work arena. A decent appearance should be maintained.
This includes:
• Neat and ironed uniform
• A decent hairstyle should be adopted. Women with long hair should tie them.
• Nails should be neat, clean and well-trimmed.
• Flashy and noisy jewellery should be avoided.
Activity
• Ask the students to write about why one’s uniform should be neat, clean and ironed.
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Explain
• Ask the students to discuss the importance of uniform in school.
• Also ask them to discuss about incidents when they formed an opinion about others based on their dress.
Say
• The body posture of a person tells a lot about his personality. Also, the posture and gestures of a person
convey about what is his attitude towards his work, display his seriousness, etc. Maintaining the right body
posture generally involves the following do’s and don’ts:
»» Maintain straight & upright posture on the shop floor.
»» Slouching on the floor, hands in pockets, hands on the hips are not courteous to the customer & hence
should be avoided
• Apart from a good body posture, a person should
»» Be on time
»» Be courteous and attentive
»» Be positive
Explain
• Why are students advised to keep their hands at the back while talking to a teacher or while walking in a line?
Say
• Body language plays a great role in conveying about a person. A positive body language is very important for
conveying information positively. Certain do’s and don’t’s in this regard are as follows:
»» Avoid your pockets. Keep your hands out of your pocket. Hand in pocket shows we are uncomfortable
and unsure of ourselves. Keeping our hand in open indicates confidence and show that people has
nothing to hide.
»» Don’t Fidget. Fidgeting is a clear sign of nervousness. An individual who can’t keep still is an individual
who is worried, tense and not confident. Keep your gesture calm and under control.
»» Keep your eyes forward. This indicates that you are interested in communication with other.
»» Stand up straight with your shoulders back. It communicates confidence.
»» Take wide steps. It makes you seem purposeful and suggest a personal tranquility and denotes confidence.
»» Firm handshake. Grip other persons hand firmly and confidently instead of getting a palm full of dead
fish. Firmness adds warmth and enthusiasm to the handshake. But make sure that you don’t crush the
other person’s hand and don’t hold on too long.
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Facilitator Guide
»» Don’t cross your arms when meeting other persons. This is a protective posture.
»» Use contact to show appreciation.
Activity
• Call 5-7 students. Ask them to enact different gestures like- one is told to stand up straight,other is told to
enact the movements of shaky hands.
• Ask the rest of the class to judge the body language and the possible implications it could have on the viewer.
Explain
• Why is so much attention laid at school level on making children stand straight?
Say
• Personal Hygiene is the set of practices to follow to keep oneself healthy. Personal hygiene is directly related
to the health of employees.
• The following figure lists various activities that aid in keeping a person healthy.
Fig.11.3.1: Personal Hygiene
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Explain
• Why is maintaining personal hygiene considered important?
• If an employee doesn’t maintain personal hygiene, can it have any effect on the people around him or the
impression he makes on them?
Say
Physical fitness is very important for doing work effectively and efficiently. It can be maintained by different
exercises like cycling, weight-lifting, jogging.
• It maintains optimal body weight.
• It reduces risk of diseases.
• It boosts confidence and self - esteem.
• It reduces stress, anxiety and depression
If employees are free from such danger of diseases due to various factors like sitting for long hours, etc. They can
stay fit and this will eventually help in increasing productivity.
Healthy Eating
Eating food just for its taste wouldn’t be of much good to our body. Excessively eating junk, over-consuming fried
food, etc. can be detrimental to our health. Unhealthy eating habits can considerably affect the level of energy,
concentration , etc.
For staying healthy, one should:
• Always try to eat home-made food
• Avoid oily food
• Always cook and eat fresh food
• Avoid junk food like burgers, carbonated drinks etc.
• Eat fruits regularly
• Drink lot of water
Activity
• Ask the students to make posters like- SAY NO TO SMOKING, etc. and ask them to wave them around the
school.
• Also ask them to speak about the harmful effects of these bad habits on health.
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Facilitator Guide
Explain
• How can smoking effect the productivity of a worker?
• The intake of alcohol, cigarettes is increasing in India. What steps can be taken to handle minimize their use?
Say
• AIDS is Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. AIDS is caused by HIV (Human immunodeficiency Virus).
• There is a general notion that it is caused merely by unprotected sexual relationships. However, it is not true.
There are other ways of its transmission as well:
»» Contaminated blood transfusion
»» Hypodermic Needles
»» From infected mother to child
• As per studies in India HIV/AIDS is largely due to unsafe sex worker interactions. About 86 % HIV incidents in
the country is from unprotected sex.
• A survey has shown gender based difference. Out of the total population of 0.29% females are suffering from
AIDS while in males it accounts to 0.43 %.
• AIDS is not a disease like cancer or malaria, but is a condition that weakens a person’s ability to fight diseases
(immune system).
• There are no medicines or vaccines for AIDS so far. The treatment and medicines which are available in the
market are expensive and have side effects.
Activity
• To judge the understanding of the students, randomly pick up any of them and ask about topics like symptoms
of AIDS.
Explain
• Discuss with the students if they have known anybody suffering from aids and noticed any social discrimination
experienced by that person.
• Discuss the importance of spreading awareness about AIDS.
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UNIT 11.4: Interpersonal Skill Development
Unit Objectives
1. Develop a positive attitude and behaviour.
2. Understanding Goal Setting.
3. Motivated for team participation at work.
4. Learn how to manage relations.
5. Learn about Stress and anger management skills.
6. Learn to develop leadership qualities.
Say
• Interpersonal skill development is the blend of different traits of day to day life that play an important role in
creating our impression in other’s mind. It starts from inside. The role of interpersonal skill development is to
help us understand how to make choices about our attitudes and actions.
• One can learn to control over many aspects of our job and their environment by making appropriate choices
and responses. These include various traits like:
»» Positive Attitude
»» Motivation
»» Goal Setting
»» Team Work
»» Managing Relations
»» Etiquette
»» Stress and Anger Management
»» Conflict Resolution
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Facilitator Guide
Activity
• Ask the students to organize themselves in groups of 10-12.
• Give them a time of around 30mins. And ask them to organize a 3mins. Play
• Ask them to solve all aspects related to the organization of of the play themselves.
• After the end of the time duration, ask the teams to perform one by one.
• Assess their performance.
Explain
• On the basis of the above activity, ask the students about the challenges faced by them in the process of
preparation.
• Try to point out what could be the possible reason behind the hurdle faced.
Say
• The attitude of a person includes various aspects like- our approach, our outlook towards situations and
others, the emotions we express towards others.
• A positive attitude has the ability to deal with even the most difficult situations.
• A positive attitude manifests in:
»» Positive thinking
»» Constructive things
»» Creative thinking
»» Optimism
»» The motivation and energy to accomplish goals.
»» An approach of happiness
• Positivity not only affects a person to get the desired results in workplace but attracts people to his positive
energy.
Activity
• Make 5-7 slips stating a difficult situation, for instance- there is an annual event in the school. Due to some
reason the tent house people could not manage to come there and carry out the tent and other decoration
work. The event is just 1hr away. How would you manage the situation?
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• After everybody has received a chit, give the students a time of 2-4mins. to think over the situation and write
a possible solution.
• Collect the slips of the people who have got same situations. Compare them in terms of practical application,
positivity, etc.
• Suggest other possible solutions.
• Applaud the students whose answers show the correct attitude and will to deal with the situation using their
creativity.
Explain
• An embroider who doesn’t know how to carry out phulkari embroidery has been assigned the task of carrying
it out due to labour shortage. Can he succeed in his work?
Explain
• Explain the following story to the students to explain them better about positive attitude.
Raju works as a Supervisor in a factory. He is not happy with his job. One day he spoke about his dejection to his
elderly friend, Prashant, who runs a small canteen for the factory workers.
“Prashant I am not satisfied with my job. There are so many problems in the factory. If I solve one, another one
crops up. The problems seem to be never ending. I am quite fed up and wish to quit.”
Prashant said nothing. He quietly put three pots with water on the stove. He put some carrots into one pot, some
eggs into another and coffee beans into the third pot. The water in the pots began to boil.
Raju wondered what was going on! “Oh, here I am with my tale of woes, and this illiterate cook goes about his
business!”
Say
• Give examples of various successful people like Rajnikanth, Dhirubai Ambani who had a humble background
but succeeded in achieving their goals.
Say
Goals provide a person a way of fulfilling his aspirations about ideal future. For achieving an overall career goal,
it is important for a person to set up small terms goal. This not only helps in timely completion of work in the
company where the employee is working but also aids in personal growth of the individual.
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Facilitator Guide
Goals should be SMART in nature.

• S : Specific
• M : Measurable
• A : Attainment
• R : Relevant
• T : Time bound
Having goals is not just important in terms of an organization but it aids an individual more than an organization.
For an individual, goals render a helping hand for future because:
• Goals narrow attention and direct efforts to goal related activities.
• Goals lead to more effort.
• One works through setbacks if he is pursuing a goal.
• It develops and changes individual’s behaviour.
Activity
• Ask the students to write about different types of goals in their life.
Explain
• Discuss about the importance of setting goals in life.
• Discuss the importance of setting up short-term goals.
Say
• People working in an organization belong to different backgrounds, social setting, etc. They might be different
in terms of their aspirations. However, within an organization, they have to join hands and work as one to
achieve the organizational goals. In doing so, their personal goals take a back step.
• Unity becomes the guiding way to achieve them.
• A dynamic gets created between team members due to their dependence on each other for success.
Following aspects help in keeping the team spirit:
• Cooperation
• Trust worthiness
• Dependability
• Tolerance
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For teamwork, the following things need to be kept in mind:

• A single person cannot achieve a big task single handedly.
• Big and difficult tasks can be accomplished only through collective effort, through teams.
• In a team, the team members stand by each other during good and bad times alike.
• Work together towards a common goal.
• Divide the task and share the burden.
• Help and accept help from others.
Activity
• Ask the students to divide themselves in groups of 7-8.
• Give each group the task of solving a series of riddles to reach the final destination that has different objects
for different groups like needle for one, cloth for other and so on.
• While solving a riddle, the group members should not be standing with the other who is solving the riddle.
• In fact, the person who is solving it should give the clue obtained as an answer to the riddle and then the other
should do the same. This would continue till the series of riddles is solved and the final object is reached.
• This gives a chance of teamwork, trustworthiness, etc. between the team members.
Explain
• Discuss the importance of team dynamics in a badminton doubles match.
Say
• Explain to the students the following story in order to make them understand the importance of coordination
and teamwork without which an organization would not be able to work well.
Once there was a shoal of tiny red fish living in the sea. One among them was a little different. His name was
Swimmy and he was black in colour. Swimmy was the fastest swimmer in the shoal. The fish would swim around
in the sea looking for food. One day when they were busy searching for lunch, Swimmy who was far ahead of the
others saw a big fish coming in their direction. The big fish was also looking for his lunch---smaller fish. Swimmy
was scared! If the big fish would spot his shoal, all of them would be eaten up. Swimmy thought hard of a way
out and quickly came up with a plan. He quickly swam back to his shoal and told all the fish about the big fish and
also explained his plan to escape from being eaten.
When the big fish came closer he was shocked to see an even bigger fish swimming in his direction with its huge
jaws wide open. Frightened that he would get eaten up, the big fish swam away. If he had looked carefully, he
would have realised that the huge fish was actually all the tiny red fish swimming very closely together in such a
way that they looked like one big fish. And little black Swimmy, being different, became the eye of the ‘huge’ fish!
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Facilitator Guide
Say
• Since human beings are social beings, they cannot remain alone. They meet people around them and
form relations with them. Talking to other people and developing relationships with them helps us to feel
comfortable in a place.
• Building relations and talking to people not only helps us to feel comfortable in a place but help in performing
our job better. 70% of the workplace learning is informal, when people talk to each other at work they
actually are learning to do their job better.
• Also, friendlier workers are effective communicators, more productive and trusted more by employers and
co-workers.
• Tips for improving relations with people around us:
»» Observe how you react to people such as do you reach to a conclusion before knowing all the facts.
»» Introspect honestly about how you think and interact with other people.
»» Look at the work environment and behave accordingly.
»» Accept your weaknesses courageously and work on them.
»» Take responsibility for your actions.
»» If you hurt someone’s feeling apologize directly.
Activity
• Give the students a topic to discuss.
• Ask them to discuss about all possible aspects in the topic-negative and positive.
• Ask 2 students having opposing opinions to come forward and have a healthy debate.
• At the end of it, ask them what they have learnt from each other.
Explain
• Ask from the students whether they have ever felt awkward on a day when their friend was absent.
• Discuss the possible implications.
Say
Different people have different personalities. Their basic nature, the way they respond to others, etc. may not
be same. In fact, this is what makes them different from others. However, in an official and public setting, a
person doing simply what he wants may be uncomfortable for others around him/her. This brings into light, the
importance of etiquettes.
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Etiquettes are the customs or rules governing behaviour regarded as correct or acceptable in social and official
life. Certain etiquettes that should be kept in mind are as follow:
• Stand straight, make eye contact and turn towards people when they are speaking and genuinely smile at
people.
• Follow the dress code prescribed by the organization.
• Limit personal calls especially when you are working in a manufacturing unit.
• Eat and smoke to the designated areas only otherwise it may disturb other people.
• Apart from certain etiquettes, certain ethics are also expected to be followed by the employees of an
organization. Ethics are basic rules regarding how people of a particular profession/professional setting are
supposed to work. Certain work ethics include:
• Discipline: It is important in each and every activity of an employee from completing work on target, following
dress code to talking to seniors.
• Commitment to work: This is very important for an employee. Commitment to work helps in timely
completion of goals, motivates a person to learn new things, reach office on time, etc.
• Punctuality: Being punctual gives a sense of professionalism and commitment.
• Ownership and responsibility: An employee should carry on all the responsibilities that he has with utmost
care. He should take responsibility for his actions.
• Striving to excel: A person who wants to excel should make an attempt to learn new skills, techniques,
methods required to uplift his career.
Activity
• Ask the students to narrate instances when they have been scolded by their school teachers/ elders for
behaving inappropriately-like dragging one’ feet while walking, etc.
• Look for other such instances.
Explain
• To test what the students have understood, discuss with them various etiquettes that need to be taken care
of in a school.
Say
• In the modern era, our lives have got so busy that stress and anger have become common.
• Anger is a normal and healthy emotion. However, managing anger can be a problem for some people.
• There are many health issues related to a unresolved anger such as high blood pressure, heart attack,
depression, anxiety, colds and flu and problems related with digestion.
• Signs of anger include faster heartbeat, quick breathing, tension in shoulder or clinching fists.
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Facilitator Guide
»» Express your feelings instead of boiling them up.

»» Accept the things you can’t change.
»» Learn to forgive.
»» ANGER is only one letter away from DANGER.
»» Anger can destroy lives, destroy relationships.
Do’s
• Post pone for a few seconds whatever you wish to say or do.
• Take a deep breath.
Activity
• Ask the students about situations when they realized that their stress/anger disabled them from performing
their best.
Explain
• Discuss the problem of increasing levels of stress and anger among the youth.
• Also discuss the ways to manage anger and stress.
Say
A conflict is a situation that is difficult to understand, a problem between to people having opposing opinions,
etc.
• It is important to solve a conflict otherwise it could have grave results.
• It could result in negative feelings between the concerned people.
• It could also increase misunderstandings.
Such situation can hamper the smooth flow of work within the employees. This would eventually show in terms
of non-fulfillment of organizational goals.
Conflicts can be managed if following things are kept in mind:
• 1.STOP . . . before you lose control of your temper and make the conflict worse.
• 2. SAY . . . what you feel is the problem. What is causing the disagreement? What do you want?
• 3. LISTEN . . . to the other person's ideas and feelings.
• 4. THINK . . . of solutions that will satisfy both of you.
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Activity
• Call out a student randomly.
• Ask them to narrate an incident when they had a fight with their friend and it resulted in further problems in
school, became a cause for mental stress.
Explain
• Discuss the importance of resolving conflicts for a person’s mental peace, maintaining order and healthy
environment in workplace.
Say
• The ability to lead effectively depends on variety of key skills. These skills are extremely sought after by
employers as they involve managing a number of individuals in such a way on inspire, enthuse and build
respect. Some of the qualities that every good leader should possess are.
• The ability to lead effectively is based on a number of key skills like:
»» Honesty: A leader who is honest will arise a feeling of trust amongst other employees.
»» Ability to delegate: Assigning who should do what depending on their strengths.
»» Good communications skills: Being able to communicate clearly is quite important.
»» Confidence: Keeps morale of the team high even in the tough times.
»» Commitment: If you expect your team to work hard and produce quality content then you should lead
by example.
»» Positive Attitude: Keeping teams motivated towards continued success of the company.
»» Creativity: During the critical situations it is important to think out of the box solutions than to prefer the
set course of action.
»» Be decisive: He should be able to decide between different alternatives available and handle conflicts.
»» Focus on the big picture: Planning long term strategies for your department helps in the accomplishment
of organizational goals.
• For becoming a leader, a person needs to grab opportunities, think out-of-box, take initiative in solving
problems, be innovative in approach and have good relations with others.
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Facilitator Guide
Activity
• Ask students to arrange themselves in group of 7-8.
• Assign each group the task of selling products of companies(enactment)
• Ask the group members to choose a leader.
• Ask the leader to coordinate different activities of his team members to create a collective campaign for the
brand.
• Give them 20mins. Time for doing this.
• See the performance of different groups.
• Seeing the performance of each group, assess whether the leader has carried out his responsibilities well.
• Suggest changes, if necessary in the practices/ attitude of the leader.
Explain
• Discuss the role of a team leader in terms of team’s performance.
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UNIT 11.5: Social Interaction
Unit Objectives
1. Understand what is social interaction and what are social interaction behaviours.
2. Give a brief description about himself/herself in public.
3. Follow daily duties.
4. Cooperate with peers, family and other members in society.
Say
• It includes acts where people perform toward each other and responses they give in return.
• Social interaction is a process through which we respond to people talking with us.
• Social interaction has a number of behaviours:
»» Exchange: Exchange is the most basic type of social interaction. It’s a social process by which social
behaviour is exchanged for some type of reward for equal or greater value.
»» Competition: It can lead to psychological stress, a lack of cooperation in social relationship, inequality
and even conflict.
»» Cooperation: It’s a process in which people work together to achieve shared goals. No group can
complete its task without cooperation.
»» Conflict: Social conflict is the struggle for agency or power within a society to gain control of scarce
resources. It occurs when two or more people oppose one another in social interaction to attain
incompatible goals.
»» Coercion: Individuals or groups are forced to give in to the will of other individuals or groups.
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Facilitator Guide
Activity
• Explain to the larger group that in a moment they will be dividing into smaller groups according to some
commonality. For example “Divide yourselves into groups according to your favorite season!” At this time, all
the people who enjoy summer get into a group,and so on.
• Once groups are formed, the facilitator points to each group andasks them to shout in unison what group they
have formed. If another group has the same category, have the two groups merge and celebrate together.
• After all groups have been identified, the facilitator shouts out another type of division.
• This activity not only gives a chance to the students of knowing each other’s likes and dislikes but also
facilitates traits like cooperation, coordination while having fun.
Explain
• Discuss the difference between a setting where people know each other well, are ready to cooperate and
coordinate with a situation where people are not ready to resolve differences, etc.
Say
We all, in our lifetime, have to introduce ourselves to the others. The introduction usually lasts for around 2
minutes to 3 minutes. It is very important that it gives the first impression to other about us. It has a great impact
on your self-esteem and self-confidence. It’s helpful in:
»» • Feeling better about yourself
»» • Boosting your confidence
»» • Building your self esteem
»» • Making friends
»» • Feeling in control
Points for Self Introduction

Following are some self-introduction points:
• Wishes: It is the first thing that we need to do before addressing a gathering. At this point we need to make
effort to grab the attention of audience. You have to wish depending on the time either, Good Morning, Good
Afternoon or Good Evening.
»» Good Morning! My dear friends.
»» Respected Sir! Good morning.
»» Special or lovely or cool morning to you all.
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Activity
• Randomly call out 3-4 students.
• Ask them to give an introduction of self.
• Suggest changes, if necessary in the way introduction has to be done/ information conveyed.
Explain
• Discuss the importance of a confident self-introduction.
• Also, discuss whether boasting about oneself while introducing is right.
Say
• Being the citizen of India, citizens not only have certain rights but certain duties as well. According to Indian
constitution, a total of 11 duties exist. These duties include:
»» To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National
Anthem.
»» To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
»» To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
»» To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so
»» To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
»» To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
• Apart from constitutional duties, in a workplace, a person has certain duties and responsibilities as an
employee as well. This may include- being honest t one’s work, completing work on time, being respectful
towards others, etc.
Activity
• Divide the students into groups of 7-8.
• Assign each group to come up with duties that are to be taken care of in different areas- say workplace,
home, school, etc.
Explain
• Discuss what would be the situation if people do not follow their respective duties and responsibilities in
different areas.
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Facilitator Guide
Say
• Imagine what be the situation when people work in their own way and do not care about the convenience
of others.
• Cooperation is the process of groups of people working or acting together for their mutual benefit.
• It is the backbone of any society.
• In a family setting, cooperation might involve planning together and sharing responsibilities.
Effective peer support can be in form of:
»» Social Support: In form of positive psychological interactions with others with whom there is mutual
trust and concern.
»» Experiential Knowledge: contributes to solve problems and improve quality of life.
»» Emotional support: Esteem, attachment and reassurance.
»» Instrumental Support: Product and services.
• A person cannot merely expect others to be cooperative. For others to behave in a cooperative way with him,
he needs to be cooperative with them too. This might involve:
»» Share when you have something that others would really like to have.
»» Take Turns once there's something that no-one desires to do, or when more than one person desires to
do a similar factor.
»» Compromise when you have a significant conflict.
»» Do your part the very best that you just probably can. this can inspire others to do the same.
»» Show appreciation to people for what they contribute.
»» Encourage people to do their best.
»» Don’t isolate or exclude anyone. everyone has something valuable to offer, and nobody likes being
omitted.
Activity
• Ask the students to choose a partner for themselves.
• Now, give each team a task of carrying out different types of stitches on different types of clothes.
• Ask them to divide the work between themselves and carry it out within a time span of 20mins (One can
fetch the materials needed from other room from time to time, other could carry out the task of doing the
actual stitch).
• Assess the performance of students.
Explain
• Based on the above activity, discuss the problems faced while doing the task.
• Also discuss what could have been the possible solutions to it.
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UNIT 11.6: Group Interaction
Unit Objectives
1. Participate in group discussions in the class.
2. Give speech in the public.
3. Understand the importance of team building and team work.
Say
• In an organization, most activities need to be done in a group.
For carrying out the activities in a smooth manner and avoid any
duplication of work, misunderstanding or communication gap,
group interaction is very important.
• For a successful and positive group interaction these steps needs
to be followed:
»» Put your mobile phone away or place in silent mode.
»» Greet everyone.
»» Be friendly with everyone in the group. Fig.11.6.1: Group Interaction
»» Show an interest in others by paying someone a compliment and listen carefully to what is being discussed.
»» Be proactive and introduce yourself to others in the group.
»» Sit up straight. Poor body posture is an indication of low self-esteem.
»» Focus your attention on the person talking.
»» Don’t discount anyone’s comment. Remember everyone is different and have different the ability to
think.
»» Think before you speak. Don’t be too quick to jump into the conversation.
»» Be a respect listener and observer.
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Facilitator Guide
»» Include everyone when talking. Be sure to share eye contact with each person in the group.
»» Unless there is a clear indication don’t change the topic. Otherwise it will make people feel you are not
interested in the topic.
»» Don’t start or participate in a side conversation. Don’t allow their mistake to prevent you from being a
good listener.
»» Make sure to smile shake hands and embrace and use each person’s name when conversation and the
person’s name when the discussion is over.
Activity
• Give the class a topic to have a healthy discussion, say Effects of Modernization on Environment.
• Encourage them to come up with different points and all possible aspects.
• Ask people to support or negate a point according to their perspective.
Explain
• Observe students during the activity.
• If you find any of the persons flouting norms of a group interaction, guide him accordingly.
• Also discuss how does not complying with norms affect the ongoing/effect of a group interaction.
Say
Group interaction not only serves the purpose of carrying out a task efficiently but also serves to be useful as:
• It helps you to get a subject more deeply.
• It improves your streangth to think positively.
• It helps in solving a serious issue.
• It helps the team to go on a final decision.
• It provides you the chance to listen to others' ideas.
• It increases your confidence in communications.
As a moderator a group interaction helps in understanding ones attitude, selecting a perspective candidate in a
perspective methodology.
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Activity
• Try games like telephone, where you sit in a circle and one person whispers a scenario into the ear of the next
person, such as how an important report was not delivered to the president in time.
• The “telephone” chain continues until the last person, who announces what he or she heard. Generally, by
the end of the chain the story has been altered substantially.
• This gives employees a chance to discuss how the story changed along the way and methods they could use
in the future to improve communication.
Explain
• Discuss the importance of interaction among your family members.
Say
• A good team is the one that motivates its members to have a positive attitude, perform better.
• Team work is a very important part of working life. They can have a big impact on the profitability of an
organization, team and individual performance, company reputation, etc.
• Team building is important because:
»» Facilitates better communication
»» Motivates employees
»» Promotes creativity
»» Develops problem-solving skills
»» Breaks the barrier
• Maintaining a team is not an easy job since there are a variety of people involved having different strengths
and weaknesses. This task can be made easier by following certain do’s and don’ts
»» Don’t argue in public: if you have a disagreement with someone in the team find a neutral place to
discuss the situation.
»» Do encourage each other: when things get tough the tough gets going. Contribute to the team in trying
situation.
»» Don’t talk behind the backs: if you have trouble with some team member don’t share with others. Go
directly to the person in a kind and compassionate manner and share what is in your mind.
»» Do lend a hand: if a team members is asking for help don’t hesitate in helping him.
»» Don’t be the weakest link: Live up to your responsibilities, meet team expectations and communicate
effectively in the team.
»» Give and receive feedback: As a part of growing team give and receive feedback respectfully and
graciously.
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Facilitator Guide
Activity
• Ask students to organize themselves in a team of 7-8.
• Assign them the task of giving a presentation on different types of stitches.
Explain
• On the basis of the activity, ask the students to judge who was the best team member.
• Discuss the qualities of this person so that other people can improve themselves and cooperate and be more
effective in future.
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UNIT 11.7: Time Management
Unit Objectives
1. Describe the importance of time management.
2. Develop time management skills.
3. Learn about effective time planning.
Say
• In a professional arena, deadlines should be met for creating goodwill. Since activities in an organization are
complex, time has to be managed as to how activities would be carried out within a definite time span.
• Time management is the act of process of planning and exercising conscious control over the amount of time
spent on specific activities, especially to increase effectiveness, efficiency or productivity.
• It is an activity with the goal to maximize the overall benefit of a set of activities within the boundary condition
of a limited amount of time.
• Activities that aid in time management are:
»» Delegate tasks.
»» Identify time wasters.
»» Combine activities – Plan for them.
»» Break down big tasks down to the smallest task possible.
»» Accomplish them one by one.
»» At the end of the day conduct a simple analysis to see which activity took time.
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Facilitator Guide
Activity
• Ask the students to assemble in groups of 9-10 in ground.
• Organize a race that is broken into various stages like lemon race, followed by one-leg race and balloon race.
• Ask the team members to decide among themselves who will do what.
• The team that would be able to complete the task within a time of 4mins/ at the earliest would be the winner.
Explain
• On the basis of the activity, discuss the factors that caused the team members lag behind and which factors
enabled them to carry it within the assigned time.
• Relate it to the wider arena- that is to time management (when more than 1 person is involved) in general
sense.
Say
• Although employees try their best to be efficient, still there are certain activities that pop and therefore
result in the wastage of time.
• Time robbers are those activities which create interruption at the workplace. These activities create a
deviation from the objectives which needs to be achieved. Time Robbers could be:
»» Poor personal planning and scheduling.
»» Interruptions by people without appointments.
»» Poor delegation.
»» Poor use of the media: Telephone, Mobile, e-mail, and fax, etc.
»» Reading junk mail.
»» Lack of concern for god time management.
»» Lack of clear priorities
• However, time robbers are not inevitable. They can be kept in check. The Time Robbers can be avoided by:
»» Be active all the time.
»» Develop and maintain an organized personal activity schedule.
»» Set your priorities.
»» Proper delegation.
»» Utilize modern technical media.
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Activity
• Divide students into groups of 3-4.
• Ask them to choose a fabric of their choice, cut it in a particular shape and perform any embroidery of their
choice.
• Give them a time limit of around 30mins.
Explain
• On the basis of the activity, discuss what factors caused delay in time (if any).
• Also discuss what can be done in future to avoid such wastage of time.
Say
• Not only is the completion of task important, equally important is finishing it on time. A task that is not
completed on time may lead to decline in goodwill, decrease in productivity and consequent losses, etc.
• There are several ways of doing a task. Time also depends on the type of method adopted to process the task.
Methods should always be simpler and easier to complete the task. If we use difficult ways, it shall be result
the waste of time. One should always try to find out alternate ways to complete a task.
• According to this 80% of the tasks can be completed in 20% of the time. The remaining 20 % of the tasks take
80 % of your time. And the task which should fall in first category should be given a higher priority.
Activity
• Ask each student to name the activities he engages in after going back to home.
• Ask him to categorize them as ‘most important’, ‘important’ or ‘least important’.
• Discuss the list.
• Compare answers of different students.
Explain
• Discuss the importance of categorization of tasks in terms of time management.
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Facilitator Guide
UNIT 11.8: Resume Preparation
Unit Objectives
1. Dscribe the different sections of a resume.
2. Learn how to prepare a resume.
Say
• It is a matter of fact that all people are not suitable for all types of jobs. Imagine all sorts of people (fit
and unfit for that particular designation) applying for a particular job! What would be the condition of the
interviewer if he/she would have to take the interview of all the applicants? He would be exhausted and
irritated.
• To avoid this situation, a resume is needed. A resume is a self-advertisement that, when done properly shows
how your skills, experience and achievements match the requirement of the job you want.
• It convinces the employer that you have what it takes to be a successful in the new career or position.
Remember that…
• Your resume is an instrument to get you an interview but not a job
• Employer will be screen your resume for just 15-20 seconds. That’s the time your resume will make an impact
on employer.
• Every point in your resume should be specific and must be supported be supported by a number of factual
information.
• Use action verbs in all your points. They catch attention immediately and make your sentences clear.
• Use bullets not paragraphs.
• Do not mention your responsibilities mention what you have accomplished.
• A common mistake we make while constructing the resume is to copy the format from our friends resumeand
built it based on that.
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Say
It includes basic details that are used to identify/contact a person in case he has to be called for the interview.
• Include your photo.
• Write RESUME as heading to the file.
• Give details like family information, marital status, etc.
Say
It includes basic details that are used to identify/contact a person in case he has to be called for the interview.
• The objective of every job is different although eventually to reach the overall objective of the company.
• It is crucial to convey to your employer what your goal is. It should be aimed towards getting a particular
position in a specific industry.
Your objective should include the following:
»» Position wanted
»» Functional area
• While writing the objective, keep the employers requirement in mind. The objective is not what you desire
from the company, it’s about company’s need.
• Be specific and restrict it to minimum words.
• One’s objective should be different to each role one applies to.
Say
The educational qualifications of a person matter a great degree to the nature of work for which a person is
required. For instance, for the field of engineering certain subjects and specialization would be required. Write all
educational qualifications from class 10 till present.
• For class 10 and 12 – include school/college name, Board, Stream/Specialization (If any), year of study, Marks.
• For undergraduate – include College name, University name, Degree and Specialization, year of study.
• Write all your qualifications in reverse chronological order, i.e. the latest qualification on top.
• You may write the educational qualifications in a tabular format or in a simple one after the other order.
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Facilitator Guide
Say
What will give insight to the employer about your achievements, interests? The projects, internships one has
undertaken reflect a great deal about the person’s interests.
• This is a critical component of resume, as it reflects the initiatives one has taken apart from curriculum.
• It not only reflects one’s real potential but helps in differentiating one’s resume from peers.
• The heading should be – title / project name, role, company/organisation name, -2 lines description about
the specific time period.
• Time period is must.
• The entries under each heading must be in reverse chronological order
• Be very specific on what you have accomplished. Add numbers and facts wherever possible.
Say
All the jobs might not pay much important to educational qualifications and internships. After all there are skills
required to carry on a particular job that are required in a practical setting.
• List your skill and add a point which supports your skill the best.
• Make specific points. Add numbers and facts wherever possible.
• Pick only three to four soft skills that describes you the best.
• Dig your past to discover the best of these skills you possess and the best example you can quote to support
it.
One can have multiple headings under skills. Common heading can include:
• Soft Skills: Must include, they showcase your personality traits.
• Core occupational skills: Optional include if you possess any core skills. These are skills you possess relevant
to the role you are applying for.
• IT Skills: Optional, Advisable to include this if you are applying for IT/software related roles.
Say
One’s interests tell a great deal about the way a person is. They might also aid in some way in revealing the basic
nature of a person. While writing about one’s interests, one should keep in mind to:
• List interests which are meaningful and display some learning.
• Support the interest you have listed.
• Make points specific and add supporting fact to it.
• Do not just list random cluster of interests like: adventure, guitar, reading, environment.
• Never include interests like partying, watching movies etc. they create wrong impression.
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Say
• Before selecting a candidate, an employer would like to know about the candidate’s previous professional
dedication. This might aid/ be negative immensely because it is this behavior that the person would exhibit
in the work arena. Skills, etc. can be acquired through training but an employee should be hard working,
trustworthy, responsible, etc.
• The proof of all this can be best obtained from previous employers, teachers, etc.
• The very last thing on your resume ought to be a list of 2-4 professional references.
• Include the name of the reference, their relationship to you, mailing address, e mail and phone number.
• The place you're applying to could contact these people, therefore always call them in advance to allow them
to understand that you are using them for a reference and are presently applying for a job.
Say
Since resume is the first thing that would make an impression in front of the employer, one should make sure that
it is professional enough in appearance. For ensuring this, certain things should be kept in mind:
• Make sure that the length of your resume doesn't exceed a pair of pages.
• Do a thorough recheck and confirm there are fully no errors in your resume. No grammatical errors, no
spelling mistakes, no punctuation errors.
• Run through your resume time and again for to create enhancements and phrasing sentences better.
• Choose a professional font in a size eleven or twelve. You can use multiple fonts for different elements of
resume, but try to limit it most of two fonts. Instead changing between fonts, strive creating specific sections
bold or italicized instead.
• The font size of your header and the introduction to a part may be a size fourteen or sixteen.
• Your text should be printed in solid black ink. Ensure to deactivate any hyperlinks so that they don’t print in
blue or other contrastive colour.
• Your page ought to have one inch margin all the way around with 1.5 or 2 point line spacing. The body of your
resume ought to align left and your header should be centred at the top of the page.
Activity
• Ask the students to prepare their resume.
• Guide them, if necessary.
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Facilitator Guide
Explain
• Discuss with the students the type of language and font that should be used in a resume.
• Also, discuss why a long resume should be avoided.
Summarize
• Give the students a summary of do’s and don’t’s while making a resume.
124
UNIT 11.9: Interview Preparation
Unit Objectives
1. Understand the procedure of interview.
2. Go thorough mock interviews.
3. Understand how to present themselves during an interview.
4. Motivated to work after the training period is over.
Say
• Once the recruiter finds an applicant’s resume in par with the requirements, he is called for an interview
to know about him in person. Also, it helps to know about the personality traits of a person- confidence,
patience, etc.
• An interview is a conversation between two or more people (the interviewer(s) and the interviewee) where
questions are asked by the interviewer to obtain information from the interviewee.
Common Types of Interview
• Traditional HR Interview: Most of the interviews are face to face interviews. The most traditional is a one-
toone conversation with the Human Resources Executive where the candidate’s focus should be on the
person asking question. You are advised to maintain good eye contact, listen keenly and answer promptly.
• Panel Interview: In this situation, there is more than one interviewer. A panel ranging from two to ten
members may conduct this part of the selection process. This is an ideal chance for you to display group
management and group presentation skills.
• Technical interview: The objective of this interview is to basically evaluate technical knowledge. Majority of
the questions will be based on the skills sets mentioned in the candidate’s resume.
• Telephone Interview: Telephonic interviews are used for initial screening of candidates who live far away
from the job site.
An interview could be a nightmare and may not fetch favourable results if the interviewee is not well acquainted
to the
• Company- What does it do basically and what are its goals.
125
Facilitator Guide
• Job description- A person should have an idea about the job role he is applying to. He can answer to the
questions of the interviewer accordingly.
Apart from knowing about the company and job role, a person should know about himself. He should not be
afraid otherwise he would not be able to bring out his best. He should be free from all sorts of doubts about
himself/herself and be
• Confident
• Relaxed
• Sure of yourself
• Prepared
• Before, during and after the interview, it is important for you to be prepared.
• Dress Professionally
• Choose your words properly
• Maintain an eye contact
To have a good impression and convey one’s level of seriousness, formal attire, minimalistic jewellery and clean
and simple shoes are advised.
Say
• Certain etiquettes need to taken care of while giving an interview. This is because they are responsible for
forming a favourable/unfavourable impression on the interviewer.
Activity
• Ask the students to answer. Discuss why each of the activity falls in a ‘do’ or ‘don’t’ category.
Sentence Do’s Don’ts

Be yourself
Burp while talking!!!
Just out from a ‘powder factory’ ( worn too much make-up)
Reach just about the right time for the interview
Just barge in the cabin/ office
Forget to greet the receptionist/ don’t respond
Think before you speak
Do your homework- Visit the company website
Take time to think (TTTT)
Wear bright colour clothes on the D-day
Emphasis on your strengths
Argue/ Debate with the interviewer
126
Chew gum during the interview.

Review your educational and work experiences
See your documents flying out of the file (Being clumsy)
Thank the interviewer
Have the ‘they need me’ attitude
Maintain eye contact and good body language
Only give monosyllabic answers(depends on the kind of questions asked…
in-between)
Carry a copy of your resume
Explain
• Discuss with the students whether telling lies about oneself during the interview is right or wrong.
Say
• Apart from the content of one’s answers (choice of one’s words, etc.) ,the tone at which one presents himself
is of considerable importance.
• Also, one should be fully aware about what he has written in the resume and have proper reasons for writing
it and should not write anything shallow.
• While, undergoing an interview, following things should be kept in mind:
»» Be confident, not arrogant
»» Sell yourself - Keep your energy up
»» Maintain your posture
»» Be positive, don’t complain
»» Know your resume and accomplishments.
Activity
• While conducting mock interviews in pairs, notice the body language, tone, etc. of students minutely.
• Give suggestions, if necessary.
Explain
• Discuss the importance of maintaining an eye contact with the interviewer.
127
Facilitator Guide
Say
• While undergoing an interview, it is really important that the interviewee employees his full attention to the
questions posed by the interviewer.
• If his mind gets diverted, he would not be able to answer appropriately.
• Also, in terms of selection, this could act as a big hurdle.
Activity
• Read out a passage to students.
• While reading, intentionally mispronounce certain words.
• Ask the students to stop you as soon as you mispronounce a word.
• Ask the students to carry it among themselves whenever they get free time.
• This would aid a great deal in knowing and developing their active listening skills.
Explain
• Discuss the importance of active listening on the part of students when a teacher is explaining a topic.
Activity
• Also, ask them to conduct mock interviews in groups of 2.
128
12. IT Skills
Unit 12.1 - Introduction to Computer
Unit 12.2 - Basic Computer Knowledge
Unit 12.3 - Components of Computer
Unit 12.4 - Concept of Operating System
Unit 12.5 - MS Word
Unit 12.6 - MS PowerPoint
Unit 12.7 - MS Excel
Unit 12.8 - Internet Concepts
129
Facilitator Guide

1. Familiarise with computers
2. Identify and use basic uses of a computer
3. Familiarise with a computer motherboard
4. Familiarise with a computer operating system
5. Use Microsoft Word, Excel and Powerpoint
6. Familiarise with Internet and use e-mails
130
Unit 12.1: Introduction to Computer
Unit Objectives
1. Define the computer.
2. Recognise its various parts.
3. Differentiate the advantages and disadvantages of computer.
• Computer Lab
Do
• Tell them they will learn about introduction to computer in this unit.
Say
• Tell participants about the computer. Computer plays a very important role in our personal and professional
lives. It has become an integral part of our lives.
• Tell them about important characteristics and application of a computer.

131
Facilitator Guide
Activity
• Tell participants to demonstrate the parts of computer.
• Give them 15 minutes to prepare.
• Tell them each participant will be given 10 minute to demonstrate the same.
the activity.
1. Demonstration of Computer 4 Hours • Participant Manual
• Computer Lab
132
Unit 12.2: Basic Computer Knowledge
Unit Objectives
• Use computer.
• Explain the web, email services.
• Computer Lab
Do
• Tell them they will learn about basic computer knowledge in this unit.
Say
• Tell participants about the application of the computer in daily life. In the workplace, many people use
computers to keep records, analyze data, do research, and manage projects. At home, you can use computers
to find information, store pictures and music, track finances, play games, and communicate with others—
and those are just a few of the possibilities. Tell them about important characteristics and application of a
computer.
• Now explain the concept of web. The World Wide Web is a gigantic storehouse of information. The web is the
most popular part of the Internet, partly because it displays most information in a visually appealing format.
• Tell them about the application part of the web and introduce them with the use of different applications as
email, instant messaging , picture music and movies with them.

133
Facilitator Guide

Activity
• Tell participants to prepare an online report using web.
• Tell them they can choose any topic of their interest. Give them one hour to prepare.
• Tell them each participant will be given 10 minute to present their report to the class.
the activity.
1. Prepare Online report 4 Hours • Participant Manual
• Computer Lab with
internet
134
Unit 12.3: Components of Computer
Unit Objectives
• Recognise the different parts and components of computer.
• Describe the CPU, RAM and BIOS.
Do
• Tell them they will learn about the components of the computer in this unit.
Say
• Tell them about different parts of the computer.
• Explain-them about different parts of motherboard in detail.

135
Facilitator Guide
Activity
• Tell participants to demonstrate the motherboard.
• Tell them they will get 30 minutes to prepare and each student will has to demonstrate for same.
the activity.
1. Demonstration of Motherboard 4 Hours • Participant Manual
• Computer Lab
136
Unit 12.4: Concept of Operating System
Unit Objectives
• Familiarise with the concept of operating system.
• Work on Windows 8 and 8.1.
• Add or Remove desktop icons, make or delete a folder etc.
• Computer System
Do
• Tell them they will learn about operating system in this unit.
Say
• Tell them about windows XP. And explain that Windows XP let you use different types of applications or
software on the operating system.
• Familiarise them with the different versions of Windows.
Demonstrate
• Explain tools and parts of an operating system with the participants.
• Show them all these parts practically on the computer system.
• Then explain add or delete desktop shortcut from the desktop.
• Also explain how to create a new folder.
137
Facilitator Guide
• Tell all participants to create a folder on computer.

• Then explain how to work on multiple windows.
• Now demonstrate the keyboard to the participants and tell them the correct way to use the keyboard.
Say
• Discuss common window commands with the participants.
• Explain the table to the participants given in the Handbook.

Activity
• Give one news paper cutting to each student and tell them they need to type the same.
• Tell them they have to use correct fingers on key board and make sure work is free from errors.
• Give them one hour for typing practice and ensure that each participant is typing.
• Finally share some tips for correct typing and summarise the highlights of the activity.

1. Typing Practice 2 Hours • News paper
• Computer Systems
138
Unit 12.5: MS Word
Unit Objectives
• Learn the concept of and practice MS-Word.
• Format a document.
• Print a document etc.
• Computer System with MS Word
Do
• Tell them they will learn about MS Word in this unit.
Say
• Tell them about concept of word processing. Word processing skills allow us to prepare text documents such
as letters, memos, and other correspondence.
Demonstrate
• Tell them to open MS Word in their respective systems.
• Show them how to create a word document in MS word software.
• Practically demonstrate how to perform different operations on MS Word document as:
»» Saving a Document
»» Change Font Type and Size
»» Create Headers and Footers by Inserting Texts
139
Facilitator Guide
»» Indents and Spacing

»» Modifying Margins
»» Lists
»» Bulleted and Numbered Lists
»» Formatting Lists
»» Spelling and Grammar
»» Word Count
»» Different Editing Modes in Word
»» Inserting an Image and Table

Activity
• Give one news paper cutting to each student and tell them they need to type this in MS Word and perform
different operations like saving documents, Saving a Document, Change Font Type and Size, Create Headers
and Footers by Inserting Texts, Indents and Spacing
• Tell them they have to use correct fingers on key board and make sure work is free from errors.
• Give them one hour for typing practice and ensure that each participant is typing.
• Finally share some tips for correct typing and summarise the highlights of the activity
1. Typing and Formatting – MS Word 3 Hours • News paper
• Computer Systems
140
Unit 12.6: MS PowerPoint
Unit Objectives
• Practice MS-Powerpoint.
• Make a new presentation.
• Format a slide as well
• Computer System with MS Office
Do
• Tell them they will learn about MS Word in this unit.
Say
• Tell them about the power point. PowerPoint is the presentation graphics software in the Microsoft Office
suite. PowerPoint has predefined layouts, themes, and templates to create dynamic and professional
presentations.
Demonstrate
• Tell them to open MS power-point in their respective systems.
• Show them how to create a power point in MS Power-point software.
• Practically demonstrate how to perform different operations on MS Power-point presentation as:
»» Saving a Powerpoint
»» Working with slides
141
Facilitator Guide
»» View tabs
»» Animating text and Images
»» Removing Animations
»» Working with Charts

Activity
• Tell participants they have to prepare a power-point presentation on MS Powerpoint Software.
• Tell them they need to perform following operations while working on this software, Saving a Powerpoint,
View tabs, Animating text and Images and inserting Charts.
• Give them one and half hour to prepare the same.
• Finally share some tips for correct typing and summarise the highlights of the activity.
1. Presentation on MS Powerpoint 4 Hours • Participant Manual
• Computer Lab
142
Unit 12.7: MS Excel
Unit Objectives
• Work on MS-Excel
• Format cells and cell content
• Use formulas
• Make Charts and Pivot Table.
• Computer System
Do
• Tell them they will learn about Ms Excel in this unit.
Say
• Tell them about the power point. MS surpass stands for - Microsoft excel is one of the foremost common
electronic spreadsheet applications supported by both mack and computer platforms. as with a paper
spreadsheet, you’ll be able to use excel to prepare your data into rows and columns and to perform
mathematical calculations.
• Discuss the application of Excel with the participants.
Demonstrate
• Tell them to open MS Excel in their respective systems.
• Show them how to create a spread sheet in MS Excel software.
• Practically demonstrate how to perform different operations on MS Excel as:
143
Facilitator Guide
»» Zoom in and Zoom Out

»» Page Views
»» Change the default excel options
»» Add Command to the quick access tool bar
»» Change the default excel options
»» Cell Addresses
»» Move Across a worksheet using key board
»» Formatting
»» Calculation and Analysis
»» Change page orientation
»» Aligning Text

Activity
• Tell participants they have to prepare a spread sheet on MS Excel Software.
• Share data of a class with the participants in which participants name, height, weight and age is given.
• Tell them they need to perform following operations while working on, Add Command to the quick access tool
bar, Change the default excel options, Cell Addresses, Move Across a worksheet using key board, Formatting,
Calculation and Analysis, Change page orientation
• Give them one and half hour to prepare the same.
• Finally share some tips for correct data typing and summarise the highlights of the activity.
1. Preparing Spread Sheet on MS Excel 4 Hours • Participant Manual
• Computer Lab with MS
Office Software
144
Unit 12.8: Internet Concepts
Unit Objectives
• Understand internet concepts.
• Recognise the different types of URLs.
• Use MS-Outlook.
• Computer with Internet
Do
• Tell them they will learn about internet concept in this unit.
Say
• Tell them about internet and its uses.
• Explain the concept of URL. The full form of URL is Uniform Resource Locator. It is the global address of
documents and other resources on the World Wide Web. The URL is divided into two different parts. The first
part of the URL is called a protocol identifier as it helps us identifying what protocol to use.
• Now tell them about different types of URLs.
145
Facilitator Guide
Demonstrate
• Tell them now they will learn how to open an email account in outlook.
• Demonstrate the entire process to the participants. Make sure every student should open an e-mail account.
• Now tell them how to create and send an e-mail. Explain the entire steps in detail.
• Now show them how to read an email and reply email
• Then explain attachment. The process of attaching a file or document.

Activity
• Tell participants they have send emails to other participants with an attachment.
• Tell them first they need to create a word, excel or power point. They can choose between any three of the
formats.
• Give 2 hours for each participant for this entire activity.
• Once activity is complete share some tips of e-mail etiquette with them and summarise the highlights of the
activity.
1. Send e-mail with attachment 2 Hours • Computers with Internet
146
13. Employability and

Entrepreneurship Skills
Unit 13.1 – Personal Strengths & Value Systems
Unit 13.2 – Digital Literacy: A Recap
Unit 13.3 – Money Matters
Unit 13.4 – Preparing for Employment & Self Employment
Unit 13.5 – Understanding Entrepreneurship
Unit 13.6 – Preparing to be an Entrepreneur
147
Facilitator Guide

1. Explain the meaning of health
2. List common health issues
3. Discuss tips to prevent common health issues
4. Explain the meaning of hygiene
5. Understand the purpose of Swacch Bharat Abhiyan
6. Explain the meaning of habit
7. Discuss ways to set up a safe work environment
8. Discuss critical safety habits to be followed by employees
9. Explain the importance of self-analysis
10. Understand motivation with the help of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
11. Discuss the meaning of achievement motivation
12. List the characteristics of entrepreneurs with achievement motivation
13. List the different factors that motivate you
14. Discuss how to maintain a positive attitude
15. Discuss the role of attitude in self-analysis
16. List your strengths and weaknesses
17. Discuss the qualities of honest people
18. Describe the importance of honesty in entrepreneurs
19. Discuss the elements of a strong work ethic
20. Discuss how to foster a good work ethic
21. List the characteristics of highly creative people
22. List the characteristics of highly innovative people
23. Discuss the benefits of time management
24. List the traits of effective time managers
25. Describe effective time management technique
26. Discuss the importance of anger management
27. Describe anger management strategies
28. Discuss tips for anger management
29. Discuss the causes of stress
30. Discuss the symptoms of stress
31. Discuss tips for stress management
32. Identify the basic parts of a computer
148
33. Identify the basic parts of a keyboard

34. Recall basic computer terminology
36. Recall the functions of basic computer keys
37. Discuss the main applications of MS Office
38. Discuss the benefits of Microsoft Outlook
39. Discuss the different types of e-commerce
40. List the benefits of e-commerce for retailers and customers
41. Discuss how the Digital India campaign will help boost e-commerce in India
42. Explain how you will sell a product or service on an e-commerce platform
43. Discuss the importance of saving money
44. Discuss the benefits of saving money
45. Discuss the main types of bank accounts
46. Describe the process of opening a bank account
47. Differentiate between fixed and variable costs
48. Describe the main types of investment options
49. Describe the different types of insurance products
50. Describe the different types of taxes
51. Discuss the uses of online banking
52. Discuss the main types of electronic funds transfers
53. Discuss the steps to prepare for an interview
54. Discuss the steps to create an effective Resume
55. Discuss the most frequently asked interview questions
56. Discuss how to answer the most frequently asked interview questions
57. Discuss basic workplace terminology
58. Discuss the concept of entrepreneurship
59. Discuss the importance of entrepreneurship
60. Describe the characteristics of an entrepreneur
61. Describe the different types of enterprises
62. List the qualities of an effective leader
63. Discuss the benefits of effective leadership
64. List the traits of an effective team
65. Discuss the importance of listening effectively
66. Discuss how to listen effectively
67. Discuss the importance of speaking effectively
149
Facilitator Guide
68. Discuss how to speak effectively

69. Discuss how to solve problems
70. List important problem solving traits
71. Discuss ways to assess problem solving skills
72. Discuss the importance of negotiation
73. Discuss how to negotiate
74. Discuss how to identify new business opportunities
75. Discuss how to identify business opportunities within your business
76. Understand the meaning of entrepreneur
77. Describe the different types of entrepreneurs
78. List the characteristics of entrepreneurs
79. Recall entrepreneur success stories
80. Discuss the entrepreneurial process
81. Describe the entrepreneurship ecosystem
82. Discuss the government’s role in the entrepreneurship ecosystem
83. Discuss the current entrepreneurship ecosystem in India
84. Understand the purpose of the Make in India campaign
85. Discuss the relationship between entrepreneurship and risk appetite
86. Discuss the relationship between entrepreneurship and resilience
87. Describe the characteristics of a resilient entrepreneur
88. Discuss how to deal with failure
89. Discuss how market research is carried out
90. Describe the 4 Ps of marketing
91. Discuss the importance of idea generation
92. Recall basic business terminology
93. Discuss the need for CRM
94. Discuss the benefits of CRM
95. Discuss the need for networking
96. Discuss the benefits of networking
97. Understand the importance of setting goals
98. Differentiate between short-term, medium-term and long-term goals
99. Discuss how to write a business plan
100. Explain the financial planning process
101. Discuss ways to manage your risk
102. Describe the procedure and formalities for applying for bank finance
150
UNIT 13.1: Personal Strengths & Value Systems
Unit Objectives
1. Explain the meaning of health
2. List common health issues
3. Discuss tips to prevent common health issues
4. Explain the meaning of hygiene
5. Understand the purpose of Swacch Bharat Abhiyan
6. Explain the meaning of habit
7. Discuss ways to set up a safe work environment
8. Discuss critical safety habits to be followed by employees
9. Explain the importance of self-analysis
10. Understand motivation with the help of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
11. Discuss the meaning of achievement motivation
12. List the characteristics of entrepreneurs with achievement motivation
13. List the different factors that motivate you
14. Discuss how to maintain a positive attitude
15. Discuss the role of attitude in self-analysis
16. List your strengths and weaknesses
17. Discuss the qualities of honest people
18. Describe the importance of honesty in entrepreneurs
19. Discuss the elements of a strong work ethic
20. Discuss how to foster a good work ethic
21. List the characteristics of highly creative people
22. List the characteristics of highly innovative people
23. Discuss the benefits of time management
24. List the traits of effective time managers
25. Describe effective time management technique
26. Discuss the importance of anger management
27. Describe anger management strategies
28. Discuss tips for anger management
29. Discuss the causes of stress
30. Discuss the symptoms of stress
31. Discuss tips for stress management
151
Facilitator Guide
• Participant Manual.
Do
• Tell them they will learn about Personal Strengths and value systems.
Say
• Tell the participants about the Health, Habits and Hygiene. What is Health? As per the World Health
Organization (WHO), health is a “State of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely
the absence of disease or infirmity.”
Elaborate
Explain – This means being healthy does not simply mean not being unhealthy – it also means you need to be
at peace emotionally, and feel fit physically. For example, you cannot say you are healthy simply because you do
not have any physical ailments like a cold or cough. You also need to think about whether you are feeling calm,
relaxed and happy.
Common Health Issues
Some common health issues are:
• Allergies
• Asthma
• Skin Disorders
• Depression and Anxiety
• Diabetes
• Cough, Cold, Sore Throat
• Difficulty Sleeping
• Obesity
152
Say
• Give participants some tips to prevent health issues.
Elaborate
Explain – Taking measures to prevent ill health is always better than curing a disease or sickness. You can stay
healthy by:
• Eating healthy foods like fruits, vegetables and nuts
• Cutting back on unhealthy and sugary foods
• Drinking enough water everyday
• Not smoking or drinking alcohol
• Exercising for at least 30 minutes a day, 4-5 times a week
• Taking vaccinations when required
• Practicing yoga exercises and meditation
How many of these health standards do you follow? Tick the ones that apply to you.
• Get minimum 7-8 hours of sleep every night.
• Avoid checking email first thing in the morning and right before you go to bed at night.
• Don’t skip meals – eat regular meals at correct meal times.
• Read a little bit every single day.
• Eat more home cooked food than junk food
• Stand more than you sit.
• Drink a glass of water first thing in the morning and have at least 8 glasses of water through the day.
• Go to the doctor and dentist for regular checkups.
• Exercise for 30 minutes at least 5 days a week.
• Avoid consuming lots of aerated beverages.
Say
• Tell the participants what is hygiene. As per the World Health Organization (WHO), “Hygiene refers to
conditions and practices that help to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases.” In other words,
hygiene means ensuring that you do whatever is required to keep your surroundings clean, so that you
reduce the chances of spreading germs and diseases.
153
Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
Explain – For instance, think about the kitchen in your home. Good hygiene means ensuring that the kitchen is
always spick and span, the food is put away, dishes are washed and dustbins are not overflowing with garbage.
Doing all this will reduce the chances of attracting pests like rats or cockroaches, and prevent the growth of
fungus and other bacteria, which could spread disease.
How many of these health standards do you follow? Tick the ones that apply to you.
• Have a bath or shower every day with soap – and wash your hair with shampoo 2-3 times a week.
• Wear a fresh pair of clean undergarments every day.
• Brush your teeth in the morning and before going to bed.
• Cut your fingernails and toenails regularly.
• Wash your hands with soap after going to the toilet.
• Use an anti-perspirant deodorant on your underarms if you sweat a lot.
• Wash your hands with soap before cooking or eating.
• Stay home when you are sick, so other people don’t catch what you have.
• Wash dirty clothes with laundry soap before wearing them again.
• Cover your nose with a tissue/your hand when coughing or sneezing.
See how healthy and hygienic you are, by giving yourself 1 point for every ticked statement! Then take a look at
what your score means.
Your Score
• 0-7/20: You need to work a lot harder to stay fit and fine! Make it a point to practice good habits daily and
see how much better you feel!
• 7-14/20: Not bad, but there is scope for improvement! Try and add a few more good habits to your daily
routine.
• 14-20/20: Great job! Keep up the good work! Your body and mind thank you.
Say
• Tell the participants about the Swatch Bharat Abhiyan. The ‘Swachh Bharat Abhiyan’ (Clean India Mission)
launched by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on 2nd October 2014, believes in doing exactly this. The aim
of this mission is to clean the streets and roads of India and raise the overall level of cleanliness. Currently this
mission covers 4,041 cities and towns across the country. Millions of our people have taken the pledge for a
clean India. You should take the pledge too, and do everything possible to keep our country clean!
• Also tell the participants about the habits.
154
Elaborate
Explain – A habit is a behaviour that is repeated frequently. All of us have good habits and bad habits. Keep in
mind the phrase by John Dryden: “We first make our habits, and then our habits make us.” This is why it is so
important that you make good habits a way of life, and consciously avoid practicing bad habits.
Some good habits that you should make part of your daily routine are:
• Always having a positive attitude
• Making exercise a part of your daily routine
• Reading motivational and inspirational stories
• Smiling! Make it a habit to smile as often as possible
• Making time for family and friends
• Going to bed early and waking up early
Some bad habits that you should quit immediately are:
• Skipping breakfast
• Snacking frequently even when you are not hungry
• Eating too much fattening and sugary food
• Smoking, drinking alcohol and doing drugs
• Spending more money than you can afford
• Worrying about unimportant issues
• Staying up late and waking up late
Do
Give participants some safety tips to design a safe workplace. Every employer is obligated to ensure that his
workplace follows the highest possible safety protocol. When setting up a business, owners must make it a point
to:
• Use ergonomically designed furniture and equipment to avoid stooping and twisting
• Provide mechanical aids to avoid lifting or carrying heavy objects
• Have protective equipment on hand for hazardous jobs
• Designate emergency exits and ensure they are easily accessible
• Set down health codes and ensure they are implemented
• Follow the practice of regular safety inspections in and around the workplace
• Ensure regular building inspections are conducted
• Get expert advice on workplace safety and follow it
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Say
• Tell the participants about the Negotiable Employee Safety Habits.
Elaborate
Tell them – Every employer is obligated to ensure that his workplace follows the highest possible safety protocol.
When setting up a business, owners must make it a point to:
• Immediately report unsafe conditions to a supervisor
• Recognize and report safety hazards that could lead to slips, trips and falls
• Report all injuries and accidents to a supervisor
• Wear the correct protective equipment when required
• Learn how to correctly use equipment provided for safety purposes
• Be aware of and avoid actions that could endanger other people
• Take rest breaks during the day and some time off from work during the week
Say
• Tell the participants about the Self Analysis. To truly achieve your full potential, you need to take a deep look
inside yourself and find out what kind of person you really are. This attempt to understand your personality is
known as self-analysis. Assessing yourself in this manner will help you grow, and will also help you to identify
areas within yourself that need to be further developed, changed or eliminated.
• Tell the participants about the motivation. Very simply put, motivation is your reason for acting or behaving
in a certain manner. It is important to understand that not everyone is motivated by the same desires –
people are motivated by many, many different things. We can understand this better by looking at Maslow’s
Hierarchy of Needs.
• Also tell the participants about the Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs.
Elaborate
Tell them – Famous American psychologist Abraham Maslow wanted to understand what motivates people. He
believed that people have five types of needs, ranging from very basic needs (called physiological needs) to more
important needs that are required for self-growth (called self- actualization needs). Between the physiological
and self-actualization needs are three other needs – safety needs, belongingness and love needs, and esteem
needs. These needs are usually shown as a pyramid with five levels and are known as Maslow’s Hierarchy of
Needs.
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As you can see from the pyramid, the lowest level depicts the most basic needs. Maslow believed that our
behaviour is motivated by our basic needs, until those needs are met. Once they are fulfilled, we move to the
next level and are motived by the next level of needs. Let’s understand this better with an example:
“Rupa comes from a very poor family. She never has enough food, water, warmth or rest. According to Maslow,
until Rupa is sure that she will get these basic needs, she will not even think about the next level of needs – her
safety needs. But, once Rupa is confident that her basic needs will be met, she will move to the next level, and her
behaviour will then be motivated by her need for security and safety. Once these new needs are met, Rupa will
once again move to the next level, and be motivated by her need for relationships and friends. Once this need is
satisfied, Rupa will then focus on the fourth level of needs – her esteem needs, after which she will move up to
the fifth and last level of needs – the desire to achieve her full potential.”
Say
• Tell the participants about the Achievements Motivation. We now know that people are motivated by basic,
psychological and self-fulfillment needs. However, certain people are also motivated by the achievement of
highly challenging accomplishments. This is known as Achievement Motivation, or ‘need for achievement’.
Elaborate
Tell them – The level of motivation achievement in a person differs from individual to individual. It is important
that entrepreneurs have a high level of achievement motivation – a deep desire to accomplish something
important and unique. It is equally important that they hire people who are also highly motivated by challenges
and success.
Characteristics of Entrepreneurs with Achievement Motivation
• Entrepreneurs with achievement motivation can be described as follows:
• Unafraid to take risks for personal accomplishment
• Love being challenged Future-oriented Flexible and adaptive
• Value negative feedback more than positive feedback
• Very persistent when it comes to achieving goals
• Extremely courageous
• Highly creative and innovative
• Restless - constantly looking to achieve more
• Feel personally responsible for solving problems
Think about it:
• How many of these traits do you have?
• Can you think of entrepreneurs who display these traits?
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Say
• Tell the participants how to cultivate a positive attitude. The good news is attitude is a choice. So it is possible
to improve, control and change our attitude, if we decide we want to!
Elaborate
Tell them – The following tips help foster a positive mindset:
• Remember that you control your attitude, not the other way around
• Devote at least 15 minutes a day towards reading, watching or listening to something positive
• Avoid negative people who only complain and stop complaining yourself
• Expand your vocabulary with positive words and delete negative phrases from your mind
• Be appreciative and focus on what’s good in yourself, in your life, and in others
• Stop thinking of yourself as a victim and start being proactive
• Imagine yourself succeeding and achieving your goals
Say
• Tell the participants about the attitude. Now that we understand why motivation is so important for self-
analysis, let’s look at the role our attitude plays in better understanding ourselves. Attitude can be described
as your tendency (positive or negative), to think and feel about someone or something
Elaborate
Tell them – Attitude is the foundation for success in every aspect of life. Our attitude can be our best friend or
our worst enemy. In other words:
“The only disability in life is a bad attitude.”
When you start a business, you are sure to encounter a wide variety of emotions, from difficult times and failures
to good times and successes. Your attitude is what will see you through the tough times and guide you towards
success. Attitude is also infectious. It affects everyone around you, from your customers to your employees to
your investors. A positive attitude helps build confidence in the workplace while a negative attitude is likely to
result in the demotivation of your people.
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Say
• Tell the participants about the Honesty and Work Ethics. Honesty is the quality of being fair and truthful. It
means speaking and acting in a manner that inspires trust.
Elaborate
Tell them – A person who is described as honest is seen as truthful and sincere, and as someone who isn’t deceitful
or devious and doesn’t steal or cheat. There are two dimensions of honesty – one is honesty in communication
and the other is honesty in conduct. Honesty is an extremely important trait because it results in peace of mind
and builds relationships that are based on trust. Being dishonest, on the other hand, results in anxiety and leads
to relationships full of distrust and conflict.
Say
• Tell the participants about the Qualities of Honesty People.
Elaborate
Tell them – Honest individuals have certain distinct characteristics. Some common qualities among honest people
are:
• They don’t worry about what others think of them. They believe in being themselves – they don’t bother
about whether they are liked or disliked for their personalities.
• They stand up for their beliefs. They won’t think twice about giving their honest opinion, even if they are
aware that their point of view lies with the minority.
• They are think skinned. This means they are not affected by others judging them harshly for their honest
opinions.
• They forge trusting, meaningful and healthy friendships. Honest people usually surround themselves with
honest friends. They have faith that their friends will be truthful and upfront with them at all times.
They are trusted by their peers. They are seen as people who can be counted on for truthful and objective
feedback and advice.
• Honesty and employees: When entrepreneurs build honest relationships with their employees, it leads to
more transparency in the workplace, which results in higher work performance and better results.
• Honesty and investors: For entrepreneurs, being honest with investors means not only sharing strengths
but also candidly disclosing current and potential weaknesses, problem areas and solution strategies. Keep
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in mind that investors have a lot of experience with startups and are aware that all new companies have
problems. Claiming that everything is perfectly fine and running smoothly is a red flag for most investors.
• Honesty with oneself: The consequences of being dishonest with oneself can lead to dire results, especially
in the case of entrepreneurs. For entrepreneurs to succeed, it is critical that they remain realistic about their
situation at all times, and accurately judge every aspect of their enterprise for what it truly is.
What are Work Ethics?
Being ethical in the workplace means displaying values like honesty, integrity and respect in all your decisions
and communications. It means not displaying negative qualities like lying, cheating and stealing. Workplace ethics
play a big role in the profitability of a company. It is as crucial to an enterprise as high morale and teamwork. This
is why most companies lay down specific workplace ethic guidelines that must compulsorily be followed by their
employees. These guidelines are typically outlined in a company’s employee handbook.
Say
• Tell the participants about the Elements of Work Ethics.
Elaborate
Tell them – An entrepreneur must display strong work ethics, as well as hire only those individuals who believe
in and display the same level of ethical behavior in the workplace. Some elements of a strong work ethic are:
• Professionalism: This involves everything from how you present yourself in a corporate setting to the manner
in which you treat others in the workplace.
• Respectfulness: This means remaining poised and diplomatic regardless of how stressful or volatile a situation
is.
• Dependability: This means always keeping your word, whether it’s arriving on time for a meeting or delivering
work on time.
• Dedication: This means refusing to quit until the designated work is done, and completing the work at the
highest possible level of excellence.
• Determination: This means embracing obstacles as challenges rather than letting them stop you, and pushing
ahead with purpose and resilience to get the desired results.
• Accountability: This means taking responsibility for your actions and the consequences of your actions, and
not making excuses for your mistakes.
• Humility: This means acknowledging everyone’s efforts and had work, and sharing the credit for
accomplishments.
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Say
• Tell the participants how to foster a good work ethic. As an entrepreneur, it is important that you clearly
define the kind of behavior that you expect from each and every team member in the workplace.
Elaborate
Tell them – You should make it clear that you expect employees to display positive work ethics like:
• Honesty: All work assigned to a person should be done with complete honesty, without any deceit or lies.
• Good attitude: All team members should be optimistic, energetic, and positive.
• Reliability: Employees should show up where they are supposed to be, when they are supposed to be there.
• Good work habits: Employees should always be well groomed, never use inappropriate language, conduct
themselves professionally at all times, etc.
• Initiative: Doing the bare minimum is not enough. Every team member needs to be proactive and show
initiative.
• Trustworthiness: Trust is non-negotiable. If an employee cannot be trusted, it’s time to let that employee go.
• Respect: Employees need to respect the company, the law, their work, their colleagues and themselves.
• Integrity: Each and every team member should be completely ethical and must display above board behaviour
at all times.
• Efficiency: Efficient employees help a company grow while inefficient employees result in a waste of time
and resources.
Say
• Tell the participants about the creativity and innovation.
Elaborate
What is Creativity?
Creativity means thinking outside the box. It means viewing things in new ways or from different perspectives,
and then converting these ideas into reality. Creativity involves two parts: thinking and producing. Simply having
an idea makes you imaginative, not creative. However, having an idea and acting on it makes you creative.
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Characteristics of Highly Creative People

Some characteristics of creative people are:
• They are imaginative and playful
• They see issues from different angles
• They notice small details
• They have very little tolerance for boredom
• They detest rules and routine
• They love to daydream
• They are very curious
What is Innovation?
There are many different definitions of innovation. In simple terms, innovation means turning an idea into a
solution that adds value. It can also mean adding value by implementing a new product, service or process, or
significantly improving on an existing product, service or process.
Characteristics of Highly Innovative People
Some characteristics of highly innovative people are:
• They embrace doing things differently
• They don’t believe in taking shortcuts
• They are not afraid to be unconventional
• They are highly proactive and persistent
• They are organized, cautious and risk-averse
Say
• Tell the participants about the Time Management. Time management is the process organizing your time,
and deciding how to allocate your time between different activities. Good time management is the difference
between working smart (getting more done in less time) and working hard (working for more time to get
more done).
Elaborate
Tell them – Effective time management leads to an efficient work output, even when you are faced with tight
deadlines and high pressure situations. On the other hand, not managing your time effectively results in inefficient
output and increases stress and anxiety.
Benefits of Time Management
Time management can lead to huge benefits like:
• Greater productivity
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• Higher efficiency
• Better professional reputation
• Reduced stress
• Higher chances for career advancement
• Greater opportunities to achieve goals
Not managing time effectively can result in undesirable consequences like:
• Missing deadlines
• Inefficient work output
• Substandard work quality
• Poor professional reputation
• Stalled career
• Increase in stress and anxiety
Do
Discuss with the participants about the Traits of effective Time Managers. Some traits of effective time managers
are:
• They begin projects early They set daily objectives
• They modify plans if required, to achieve better results
• They are flexible and open-minded
• They inform people in advance if their help will be required
• They know how to say no
• They break tasks into steps with specific deadlines
• They continually review long term goals
• They think of alternate solutions if and when required
• They ask for help when required They create backup plans
Say
• Tell the participants about the effective time management techniques.
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Elaborate
Tell them – You can manage your time better by putting into practice certain time management techniques. Some
helpful tips are:
• Plan out your day as well as plan for interruptions. Give yourself at least 30 minutes to figure out your time
plan. In your plan, schedule some time for interruptions.
• Put up a “Do Not Disturb” sign when you absolutely have to complete a certain amount of work.
• Close your mind to all distractions. Train yourself to ignore ringing phones, don’t reply to chat messages and
disconnect from social media sites.
• Delegate your work. This will not only help your work get done faster, but will also show you the unique skills
and abilities of those around you.
• Stop procrastinating. Remind yourself that procrastination typically arises due to the fear of failure or the
belief that you cannot do things as perfectly as you wish to do them.
• Prioritize. List each task to be completed in order of its urgency or importance level. Then focus on completing
each task, one by one.
• Maintain a log of your work activities. Analyze the log to help you understand how efficient you are, and how
much time is wasted every day.
• Create time management goals to reduce time wastage.
Say
• Now tell the participants about the Anger Management.
Elaborate
Tell them – Anger management is the process of:
• Learning to recognize the signs that you, or someone else, is becoming angry
• Taking the best course of action to calm down the situation in a positive way Anger management does not
mean suppressing anger.
Importance of Anger Management
Anger is a perfectly normal human emotion. In fact, when managed the right way, anger can be considered a
healthy emotion. However, if it is not kept in check, anger can make us act inappropriately and can lead to us
saying or doing things that we will likely later regret.
Extreme anger can:
• Hurt you physically: It leads to heart disease, diabetes, a weakened immune system, insomnia, and high
blood pressure.
• Hurt you mentally: It can cloud your thinking and lead to stress, depression and mental health issues.
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• Hurt your career: It can result in alienating your colleagues, bosses, clients and lead to the loss of respect.
• Hurt your relationships: It makes it hard for your family and friends to trust you, be honest with you and feel
comfortable around you.
This is why anger management, or managing anger appropriately, is so important.
Say
• Tell the participants about the Anger Management Strategies.
Elaborate
Tell them – Here are some strategies that can help you control your anger:
Strategy 1: Relaxation
Strategy 2: Cognitive Restructuring
Strategy 3: Problem Solving
Strategy 4: Better Communication
Strategy 5: Changing Your Environment
Say
• Tell the participants about the Stress Management. We say we are ‘stressed’ when we feel overloaded and
unsure of our ability to deal with the pressures placed on us. Anything that challenges or threatens our well-
being can be defined as a stress.
Elaborate
Tell them – It is important to note that stress can be good and bad. While good stress keeps us going, negative
stress undermines our mental and physical health. This is why it is so important to manage negative stress
effectively.
Causes of Stress
Stress can be caused by internal and external factors.
Internal causes of stress:
• Constant worry
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• Rigid thinking
• Unrealistic expectations
• Pessimism
• Negative self-talk
• All in or all out attitude
External causes of stress:
• Major life changes
• Difficulties with relationships
• Having too much to do
• Difficulties at work or in school
• Financial difficulties
• Worrying about one’s children and/or family
Say
• Tell the participants about the Symptoms of Stress.
Elaborate
Tell them – Stress can manifest itself in numerous ways. Take a look at the cognitive, emotional, physical and
behavioral symptoms of stress.
Cognitive Symptoms Emotional Symptoms

• Memory problems • Depression
• Concentration issues • Agitation
• Lack of judgement • Irritability
• Pessimism • Loneliness
• Anxiety • Anxiety
• Constant worrying • Anger
Physical Symptoms Behavioral Symptoms
Aches and pain Increase or decrease in appetite
Diarrhea or constipation Over sleeping or not sleeping enough
Nausea Withdrawing socially
Dizziness Ignoring responsibilities
Chest pain and/or rapid heartbeat Consumption of alcohol or cigarettes
Frequent cold or flu like feelings Nervous habits like nail biting, pacing etc.
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Do
Give participants Tips for managing Stress. The following tips can help you manage your stress better:
• Note down the different ways in which you can handle the various sources of your stress.
• Remember that you cannot control everything, but you can control how you respond.
• Discuss your feelings, opinions and beliefs rather than reacting angrily, defensively or passively.
• Practice relaxation techniques like meditation, yoga or tai chi when you start feeling stressed.
• Devote a part of your day towards exercise.
• Eat healthy foods like fruits and vegetables. Avoid unhealthy foods especially those containing large amounts
of sugar.
• Plan your day so that you can manage your time better, with less stress.
• Say no to people and things when required.
• Schedule time to pursue your hobbies and interests.
• Ensure you get at least 7-8 hours of sleep.
• Reduce your caffeine intake.
• Increase the time spent with family and friends.

Activity
• Divide the class into two equal groups.
• Tell the participants they have to give a presentation on Work Ethics and Innovation.
should not exceed 20 minutes per group.
• Once the presentations are complete appreciate the efforts made by the group and summarize the highlights
of the activity.

1. Presentation on work ethics and innovation 2 Hours • Charts and markers
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UNIT 13.2: Digital Literacy: A Recap
Unit Objectives
1. Identify the basic parts of a computer
2. Identify the basic parts of a keyboard
5. Recall the functions of basic computer keys
6. Discuss the main applications of MS Office
7. Discuss the benefits of Microsoft Outlook
8. Discuss the different types of e-commerce
9. List the benefits of e-commerce for retailers and customers
10. Discuss how the Digital India campaign will help boost e-commerce in India
11. Describe how you will sell a product or service on an e-commerce platform
Do
• Tell them they will learn about Digital Literacy.
Say
• Tell the participants about the basic parts of a Computer.
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Elaborate
• Central Processing Unit (CPU): The brain of the computer. It interprets and carries out program instructions.
• Hard Drive: A device that stores large amounts of data.
• Monitor: The device that contains the computer screen where the information is visually displayed.
• Desktop: The first screen displayed after the operating system loads.
• Background: The image that fills the background of the desktop.
• Mouse: A hand-held device used to point to items on the monitor.
• Speakers: Devices that enable you to hear sound from the computer.
• Printer: A device that converts output from a computer into printed paper documents.
• Icon: A small picture or image that visually represents something on your computer.
• Cursor: An arrow which indicates where you are positioned on the screen.
• Program Menu: A list of programs on your computer that can be accessed from the Start menu.
• Taskbar: The horizontal bar at the bottom of the computer screen that lists applications that are currently in
use.
• Recycle Bin: A temporary storage for deleted files.
Do
Discuss with the participants about the basic internet terms.
• The Internet: Avast, international collection of computer networks that transfers information.
• The World Wide Web: A system that lets you access information on the Internet.
• Website: A location on the World Wide Web (and Internet) that contains information about a specific topic.
• Homepage: Provides information about a website and directs you to other pages on that website.
• Link/Hyperlink: A highlighted or underlined icon, graphic, or text that takes you to another file or object.
• Web Address/URL: The address for a website.
• Address Box: A box in the browser window where you can type in a web address.
Say
• Tell the participants about the basic computer keys.
»» Arrow Keys: Press these keys to move your cursor.
»» Space bar: Adds a space.
»» Enter/Return: Moves your cursor to a new line.
»» Shift: Press this key if you want to type a capital letter or the upper symbol of a key.
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»» Caps Lock: Press this key if you want all the letters you type to be capital letters. Press it again to revert
back to typing lowercase letters.
»» Backspace: Deletes everything to the left of your cursor.
• Also tell the participants about the MS office and Email.
Elaborate
Tell them – MS Office or Microsoft Office is a suite of computer programs developed by Microsoft. Although
meant for all users, it offers different versions that cater specifically to students, home users and business users.
All the programs are compatible with both, Windows and Macintosh.
Most Popular Office Products
Some of the most popular and universally used MS Office applications are:
1. Microsoft Word: Allows users to type text and add images to a document.
2. Microsoft Excel: Allows users to enter data into a spreadsheet and create calculations and graphs.
3. Microsoft PowerPoint: Allows users to add text, pictures and media and create slideshows and presentations.
4. Microsoft Outlook: Allows users to send and receive email.
5. Microsoft OneNote: Allows users to make drawings and notes with the feel of a pen on paper.
6. Microsoft Access: Allows users to store data over many tables.
Why Choose Microsoft Outlook
A popular email management choice especially in the workplace, Microsoft Outlook also includes an address
book, notebook, web browser and calendar. Some major benefits of this program are:
• Integrated search function: You can use keywords to search for data across all Outlook programs.
• Enhanced security: Your email is safe from hackers, junk mail and phishing website email.
• Email syncing: Sync your mail with your calendar, contact list, notes in One Note and…your phone!
• Offline access to email: No Internet? No problem! Write emails offline and send them when you’re connected
again.
Say
• Tell the participants about the E-Commerce. E-commerce is the buying or selling of goods and services, or the
transmitting of money or data, electronically on the internet. E-Commerce is the short form for “electronic
commerce.”
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Elaborate
Tell them – Followings are the examples of E-Commerce:
• Online shopping Online auctions
• Online ticketing
• Electronic payments
• Internet banking
Types of E-Commerce
E-commerce can be classified based on the types of participants in the transaction. The main types of e-commerce
are:
• Business to Business (B2B): Both the transacting parties are businesses.
• Business to Consumer (B2C): Businesses sell electronically to end-consumers.
• Consumer to Consumer (C2C): Consumers come together to buy, sell or trade items to other consumers.
• Consumer-to-Business (C2B): Consumers make products or services available for purchase to companies
looking for exactly those services or products.
• Business-to-Administration (B2A): Online transactions conducted between companies and public
administration.
• Consumer-to-Administration (C2A): Online transactions conducted between individuals and public
The e-commerce business provides some benefits for retailers and customers.
Benefits for retailers:
• Establishes an online presence
• Reduces operational costs by removing overhead costs
• Increases brand awareness through the use of good keywords
• Increases sales by removing geographical and time constraints
Benefits for customers:
• Offers a wider range of choice than any physical store
• Enables goods and services to be purchased from remote locations
• Enables consumers to perform price comparisons
Do
• Discuss with the participants about the Digital India Campaign. Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the
Digital India campaign in 2015, with the objective of offering every citizen of India access to digital services,
knowledge and information. The campaign aims to improve the country’s online infrastructure and increase
internet connectivity, thus boosting the e-commerce industry.
• Currently, the majority of online transactions come from tier 2 and tier 3 cities. Once the Digital India campaign
is in place, the government will deliver services through mobile connectivity, which will help deliver internet
to remote corners of the country. This will help the e-commerce market to enter India’s tier 4 towns and rural
areas.
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E-Commerce Activity
Choose a product or service that you want to sell online. Write a brief note explaining how you will use existing
e-commerce platforms, or create a new e-commerce platform, to sell your product or service.

Activity
• Divide the class into two equal groups.
• Tell the participants they have to demonstration the steps of opening a Bank account and on online banking.
should not exceed 20 minutes per group.
• Once the presentations are complete appreciate the efforts made by the group and summarize the highlights
of the activity.

1. Demonstrate the process of opening a bank account and 2 Hours • Charts and markers
how to use online banking
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UNIT 13.3: Money Matters
Unit Objectives
1. Discuss the importance of saving money
2. Discuss the benefits of saving money
3. Discuss the main types of bank accounts
4. Describe the process of opening a bank account
5. Differentiate between fixed and variable costs
6. Describe the main types of investment options
7. Describe the different types of insurance products
8. Describe the different types of taxes
9. Discuss the uses of online banking
10. Discuss the main types of electronic funds transfers
Do
• Tell them they will learn about Money Matters.
Say
• Tell the participants about the Personal Finance. We all know that the future is unpredictable. You never
know what will happen tomorrow, next week or next year. That’s why saving money steadily through the
years is so important.
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Elaborate
Tell them – Saving money will help improve your financial situation over time. But more importantly, knowing
that you have money stashed away for an emergency will give you peace of mind. Saving money also opens the
door to many more options and possibilities.
Benefits of Saving
Inculcating the habit of saving leads to a vast number of benefits. Saving helps you:
• Become financially independent: When you have enough money saved up to feel secure you can start making
your choices, from taking a vacation whenever you want, to switching careers or starting your own business.
• Invest in yourself through education: Through saving, you can earn enough to pay up for courses that will
add to your professional experience and ultimately result in higher paying jobs.
• Get out of debt: Once you have saved enough as a reserve fund, you can use your savings to pay off debts
like loans or bills that have accumulated over time.
• Be prepared for surprise expenses: Having money saved enables you to pay for unforeseen expenses like
sudden car or house repairs, without feeling financially stressed.
• Pay for emergencies: Saving helps you deal with emergencies like sudden health issues or emergency trips
without feeling financially burdened.
• Afford large purchases and achieve major goals: Saving diligently makes it possible to place down payments
towards major purchases and goals, like buying a home or a car.
• Retire: The money you have saved over the years will keep you comfortable when you no longer have the
income you would get from your job.
Say
• Tell the participants about the Types of Bank Accounts.
Elaborate
Tell them – In India, banks offer four main types of bank accounts. These are:
• Current Accounts
• Savings Accounts
• Recurring Deposit Accounts
• Fixed Deposit Accounts
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Say
• Tell the participants about Opening a Bank Accounts.
Elaborate
Tell them – Opening a bank account is quite a simple process. Take a look at the steps to open an account of your
own:
Step 1: Fill in the Account Opening Form
This form requires you to provide the following information:
• Personal details (name, address, phone number, date of birth, gender, occupation, address)
• Method of receiving your account statement (hard copy/email)
• Details of your initial deposit (cash/cheque)
• Manner of operating your account (online/mobile banking/traditional via cheque, slip books) Ensure that
you sign wherever required on the form.
Step 2: Affix your Photograph
Stick a recent photograph of yourself in the allotted space on the form.
Step 3: Provide your Know Your Customer (KYC) Details
KYC is a process that helps banks verify the identity and address of their customers. To open an account, every
individual needs to submit certain approved documents with respect to photo identity (ID) and address proof.
Some Officially Valid Documents (OVDs) are:
• Passport
• Driving License
• Voters’ Identity Card
• PAN Card
• UIDAI (Aadhaar) Card
Step 4: Submit All your Documents
Submit the completed Account Opening Form and KYC documents. Then wait until the forms are processed and
your account has been opened!
Say
• Tell the participants about Fixed and variable costs.
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Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
Tell them – Fixed costs and variable costs together make up a company’s total cost. These are the two types of
costs that companies have to bear when producing goods and services. A fixed cost does not change with the
volume of goods or services a company produces. It always remains the same. A variable cost, on the other hand,
increases and decreases depending on the volume of goods and services produced. In other words, it varies with
the amount produced.
Differences between Fixed and Variable Costs
Let’s take a look at some of the main differences between fixed and variable costs:
Criteria Fixed Costs Variable Costs

Meaning A cost that stays the same, A cost that changes when the
regardless of the output produced.
Nature Time related. Volume related.
Incurred Incurred irrespective of units being Incurred only when units are produced.
produced.
Unit cost Inversely proportional to the Remains the same, per unit.
number of units produced.
Examples Depreciation, rent, salary, Material consumed, wages, commission on sales,
insurance, tax etc. packing expenses, etc.
Say
• Tell the participants about the investment, insurance and taxes.
Elaborate
Tell them – Investment means that money is spent today with the aim of reaping financial gains at a future time.
The main types of investment options are as follows:
• Bonds
• Stocks
• Small Savings
• Mutual Funds
• Fixed Deposits
• Real Estate
• Hedge Funds
• Private Equity
• Venture Capital
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Insurance
There are two types of insurance:
1. Life Insurance
2. Non-Life or General Insurance.
Say
• Tell the participants about the online banking, NEFT, RTGS etc.
Elaborate
Tell them – Internet or online banking allows account holders to access their account from a laptop at any
location. In this way, instructions can be issued. To access an account, account holders simply need to use their
unique customer ID number and password.
Internet banking can be used to:
• Find out an account balance
• Transfer amounts from one account to another
• Arrange for the issuance of cheques
• Instruct payments to be made
• Request for a cheque book
• Request for a statement of accounts
• Make a fixed deposit

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Facilitator Guide
UNIT 13.4: Preparing for Employment & Self Employment
Unit Objectives
1. Discuss the steps to prepare for an interview
2. Discuss the steps to create an effective Resume
3. Discuss the most frequently asked interview questions
4. Discuss how to answer the most frequently asked interview questions
5. Discuss basic workplace terminology
Do
• Tell them they will learn about Employment and Self Employment.
Say
• Tell the participants about the Interview Preparation. The success of your getting the job that you want
depends largely on how well your interview for that job goes. Therefore, before you go in for your interview,
it is important that you prepare for it with a fair amount of research and planning.
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Elaborate
Tell them – Take a look at the steps to follow in order to be well prepared for an interview:
• Research the organization that you are having the interview with.
• Think about whether your skills and qualifications match the job requirements.
• Go through the most typical interview questions asked, and prepare your responses.
• Plan your attire for the interview.
• Ensure that you have packed everything that you may require during the interview.
• Remember the importance of non-verbal communication.
• Make a list of questions to end the interview with.
Say
• Tell the participants how to prepare an effective resume. A resume is a formal document that lists a candidate’s
work experience, education and skills. A good resume gives a potential employer enough information to
believe the applicant is worth interviewing. That’s why it is so important to create a résumé that is effective.
Elaborate
Tell them – Take a look at the steps to create an effective resume:
Step 1: Write the Address Section
Step 2: Add the Profile Summary Section
Step 3: Include Your Educational Qualifications
Step 4: List Your Technical Skills
Step 5: Insert Your Academic Project Experience
Step 6: List Your Strengths
Step 7: List Your Extracurricular Activities
Step 8: Write Your Personal Details
Say
• Tell the participants about the interview FAQs.
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Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
Tell them – Take a look at some of the most frequently asked interview questions, and some helpful tips on how
to answer them.
Can you tell me a little about yourself?
Tips to answer:
• Don’t provide your full employment or personal history.
• Offer 2-3 specific experiences that you feel are most valuable and relevant.
• Conclude with how those experiences have made you perfect for this specific role.
How did you hear about the position?
Tips to answer:
• Tell the interviewer how you heard about the job – whether it was through a friend (name the friend), event
or article (name them) or a job portal (say which one).
• Explain what excites you about the position and what in particular caught your eye about this role.
What do you know about the company?
Tips to answer:
• Don’t recite the company’s About Us page.
• Show that you understand and care about the company’s goals.
• Explain why you believe in the company’s mission and values.
Say
• Tell the participants about the work readiness.
Elaborate
Tell them – Every employee should be well versed in the following terms:
• Annual leave: Paid vacation leave given by employers to employees.
• Background Check: A method used by employers to verify the accuracy of the information provided by
potential candidates.
• Benefits: A part of an employee’s compensation package.
• Breaks: Short periods of rest taken by employees during working hours.
• Compensation Package: The combination of salary and benefits that an employer provides to his/her
employees.
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• Compensatory Time (Comp Time): Time off in lieu of pay.

• Contract Employee: An employee who works for one organization that sells said employee’s services to
another company, either on a project or time basis.

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Facilitator Guide
UNIT 13.5: Understand Entrepreneurship
Unit Objectives
1. Discuss the concept of entrepreneurship
2. Discuss the importance of entrepreneurship
3. Describe the characteristics of an entrepreneur
4. Describe the different types of enterprises
5. List the qualities of an effective leader
6. Discuss the benefits of effective leadership
7. List the traits of an effective team
8. Discuss the importance of listening effectively
9. Discuss how to listen effectively
10. Discuss the importance of speaking effectively
11. Discuss how to speak effectively
12. Discuss how to solve problems
13. List important problem solving traits
14. Discuss ways to assess problem solving skills
15. Discuss the importance of negotiation
16. Discuss how to negotiate
17. Discuss how to identify new business opportunities
18. Discuss how to identify business opportunities within your business
19. Understand the meaning of entrepreneur
20. Describe the different types of entrepreneurs
21. List the characteristics of entrepreneurs
22. Recall entrepreneur success stories
23. Discuss the entrepreneurial process
24. Describe the entrepreneurship ecosystem
25. Discuss the government’s role in the entrepreneurship ecosystem
26. Discuss the current entrepreneurship ecosystem in India
27. Understand the purpose of the Make in India campaign
28. Discuss the relationship between entrepreneurship and risk appetite
29. Discuss the relationship between entrepreneurship and resilience
30. Describe the characteristics of a resilient entrepreneur
31. Discuss how to deal with failure
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Do
• Tell them they will learn about Entrepreneurship.
Say
• Tell the participants about the Entrepreneurship. Anyone who is determined to start a business, no matter
what the risk, is an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurs run their own start-up, take responsibility for the financial
risks and use creativity, innovation and vast reserves of self-motivation to achieve success.
• Tell the participants about the importance and characteristics of Entrepreneurship.
Elaborate
Tell them – Entrepreneurship is very important for the following reasons:
• It results in the creation of new organizations
• It brings creativity into the marketplace
• It leads to improved standards of living
• It helps develop the economy of a country
Characteristics of Entrepreneurs
All successful entrepreneurs have certain characteristics in common.
They are all:
• Extremely passionate about their work
• Confident in themselves
• Disciplined and dedicated
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Facilitator Guide
• Motivated and driven

• Highly creative
• Visionaries
• Open-minded
• Decisive
Entrepreneurs also have a tendency to:
• Have a high risk tolerance
• Thoroughly plan everything
• Manage their money wisely
• Make their customers their priority
• Understand their offering and their market in detail
• Ask for advice from experts when required
• Know when to cut their losses
Say
• Tell the participants about the types of enterprises.
Elaborate
Tell them – As an entrepreneur in India, you can own and run any of the following types of enterprises:
Sole Proprietorship
In a sole proprietorship, a single individual owns, manages and controls the enterprise. This type of business is
the easiest to form with respect to legal formalities. The business and the owner have no separate legal existence.
All profit belongs to the proprietor, as do all the losses- the liability of the entrepreneur is unlimited.
Partnership
A partnership firm is formed by two or more people. The owners of the enterprise are called partners. A
partnership deed must be signed by all the partners. The firm and its partners have no separate legal existence.
The profits are shared by the partners. With respect to losses, the liability of the partners is unlimited. A firm has
a limited life span and must be dissolved when any one of the partners dies, retires, claims bankruptcy or goes
insane.
Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)
In a Limited Liability Partnership or LLP, the partners of the firm enjoy perpetual existence as well as the advantage
of limited liability. Each partner’s liability is limited to their agreed contribution to the LLP. The partnership and
its partners have a separate legal existence.
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Say
• Tell the participants about the Leadership and team Work. Leadership means setting an example for others to
follow. Setting a good example means t asking someone to do something that you wouldn’t willingly want to
do yourself. Leadership is about figuring out what to do in order to win as a team, and as a company. Leaders
believe in doing the right things.
• Also tell the participants about the Leadership qualities that all entrepreneurs needs.
Elaborate
Tell them – Building a successful enterprise is only possible if the entrepreneur in charge possesses excellent
leadership qualities. Some critical leadership skills that every entrepreneur must have are:
• Pragmatism: This means having the ability to highlight all obstacles and challenges, in order to resolve issues
and reduce risks.
• Humility: This means admitting to mistakes often and early, and being quick to take responsibility for your
actions. Mistakes should be viewed as challenges to overcome, not opportunities to point blame.
• Flexibility: It is critical for a good leader to be very flexible and quickly adapt to change. It is equally critical to
know when to adapt and when not to.
• Authenticity: This means showing both, your strengths and your weaknesses. It means being human and
showing others that you are human.
• Reinvention: This means refreshing or changing your leadership style when necessary. To do this, it’s
important to learn where your leadership gaps lie and find out what resources are required to close them.
• Awareness: This means taking the time to recognize how others view you. It means understanding how your
presence affects those around you.
Say
• Tell the participants about the benefits of effective Leadership. Effective leadership results in numerous
benefits. Great leadership leads to the leader successfully:
»» Gaining the loyalty and commitment of the team members
»» Motivating the team to work towards achieving the company’s goals and objectives
»» Building morale and instilling confidence in the team members
»» Fostering mutual understanding and team-spirit among team members
»» Convincing team members about the need to change when a situation requires adaptability
• Discuss with the participants about the teamwork and teams. Teamwork occurs when the people in a
workplace combine their individual skills to pursue a common goal. Effective teams are made up of individuals
who work together to achieve this common goal. A great team is one who holds themselves accountable for
the end result.
• Also tell the participants about the importance of team work in entrepreneurial success.
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Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
Tell them – For an entrepreneurial leader, building an effective team is critical to the success of a venture. An
entrepreneur must ensure that the team he builds possesses certain crucial qualities, traits and characteristics.
An effective team is one which has:
• Unity of purpose: All the team members should clearly understand and be equally committed to the purpose,
vision and goals of the team.
• Great communication skills: Team members should have the ability to express their concerns, ask questions
and use diagrams, and charts to convey complex information.
• The ability to collaborate: Every member should feel entitled to provide regular feedback on new ideas.
• Initiative: The team should consist of proactive individuals. The members should have the enthusiasm to
come up with new ideas, improve existing ideas, and conduct their own research.
• Visionary members: The team should have the ability to anticipate problems and act on these potential
problem before they turn into real problems.
• Great adaptability skills: The team must believe that change is a positive force. Change should be seen as the
chance to improve and try new things.
• Excellent organizational skills: The team should have the ability to develop standard work processes, balance
responsibilities, properly plan projects, and set in place methods to measure progress and ROI.
Say
• Tell the participants about the communication skills. Listening is the ability to correctly receive and understand
messages during the process of communication. Listening is critical for effective communication. Without
effective listening skills, messages can easily be misunderstood. This results in a communication breakdown
and can lead to the sender and the receiver of the message becoming frustrated or irritated.
• Also tell the participants how to listen effectively.
Elaborate
Tell them – To listen effectively you should:
• Stop talking
• Stop interrupting
• Focus completely on what is being said
• Nod and use encouraging words and gestures
• Be open-minded
• Think about the speaker’s perspective
• Be very, very patient
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• Pay attention to the tone that is being used

• Pay attention to the speaker’s gestures, facial expressions and eye movements
• Not try and rush the person
• Not let the speaker’s mannerisms or habits irritate or distract you
How to Listen Effectively
How successfully a message gets conveyed depends entirely on how effectively you are able to get it through.
An effective speaker is one who enunciates properly, pronounces words correctly, chooses the right words
and speaks at a pace that is easily understandable. Besides this, the words spoken out loud need to match the
gestures, tone and body language used.
What you say, and the tone in which you say it, results in numerous perceptions being formed. A person who
speaks hesitantly may be perceived as having low self-esteem or lacking in knowledge of the discussed topic. Those
with a quiet voice may very well be labelled as shy. And those who speak in commanding tones with high levels of
clarity, are usually considered to be extremely confident. This makes speaking a very critical communication skill.
Say
• Tell the participants how to speak effectively.
Elaborate
Tell them – To speak effectively you should:
• Incorporate body language in your speech like eye contact, smiling, nodding, gesturing etc.
• Build a draft of your speech before actually making your speech.
• Ensure that all your emotions and feelings are under control.
• Pronounce your words distinctly with the correct pitch and intensity. Your speech should be crystal clear at
all times.
• Use a pleasant and natural tone when speaking. Your audience should not feel like you are putting on an
accent or being unnatural in any way.
• Use precise and specific words to drive your message home. Ambiguity should be avoided at all costs.
• Ensure that your speech has a logical flow.
• Be brief. Don’t add any unnecessary information.
• Make a conscious effort to avoid irritating mannerisms like fidgeting, twitching etc.
• Choose your words carefully and use simple words that the majority of the audience will have no difficulty
understanding.
• Use visual aids like slides or a whiteboard.
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Facilitator Guide
• Speak slowly so that your audience can easily understand what you’re saying. However, be careful not to
speak too slowly because this can come across as stiff, unprepared or even condescending.
• Remember to pause at the right moments
Say
Tell the participants about the problem solving and negotiation skills. As per The Concise Oxford Dictionary
(1995), a problem is, “A doubtful or difficult matter requiring a solution”. All problems contain two elements:
• Goals
• Obstacles
The aim of problem solving is to recognize the obstacles and remove them in order to achieve the goals
• Also tell the participants how to solve the problems.
Elaborate
Tell them – Solving a problem requires a level of rational thinking. Here are some logical steps to follow when
faced with an issue:
• Step 1: Identify the problem
• Step 2: Study the problem in detail
• Step 3: List all possible solutions
• Step 4: Select the best solution
• Step 5: Implement the chosen solution
• Step 6: Check that the problem has really been solved
Do
Discuss with the participants about the important traits for problem solving. Highly developed problem solving
skills are critical for both, business owners and their employees. The following personality traits play a big role in
how effectively problems are solved:
• Being open minded
• Asking the right questions
• Being proactive
• Not panicking
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• Having a positive attitude

• Focusing on the right problem
Say
• Tell the participants about the negotiation. Negotiation is a method used to settle differences. The aim of
negotiation is to resolve differences through a compromise or agreement while avoiding disputes. Without
negotiation, conflicts are likely to lead to resentment between people.
Elaborate
Tell them – Good negotiation skills help satisfy both parties and go a long way towards developing strong
relationships.
Why Negotiate
Starting a business requires many, many negotiations. Some negotiations are small while others are critical enough
to make or break a startup. Negotiation also plays a big role inside the workplace. As an entrepreneur, you need
to know not only know how to negotiate yourself, but also how to train employees in the art of negotiation.
How to Negotiate
Take a look at some steps to help you negotiate:
• Step 1: Pre-Negotiation Preparation: Agree on where to meet to discuss the problem, decide who all will be
present and set a time limit for the discussion.
• Step 2: Discuss the Problem: This involves asking questions, listening to the other side, putting your views
forward and clarifying doubts.
• Step 3: Clarify the Objective: Ensure that both parties want to solve the same problem and reach the same
goal.
• Step 4: Aim for a Win-Win Outcome: Try your best to be open minded when negotiating. Compromise and
offer alternate solutions to reach an outcome where both parties win.
• Step 5: Clearly Define the Agreement: When an agreement has been reached, the details of the agreement
should be crystal clear to both sides, with no scope for misunderstandings.
• Step 6: Implement the Agreed Upon Solution: Agree on a course of action to set the solution in motion.
Say
• Now tell the participants about the Business opportunities Identification.
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Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
Tell them – The ability to identify business opportunities is an essential characteristic of an entrepreneur.
What is an Opportunity?
The word opportunity suggests a good chance or a favourable situation to do something offered by circumstances.
A business opportunity means a good or favourable change available to run a specific business in a given
environment, at a given point of time.
Common Questions Faced by Entrepreneurs
A critical question that all entrepreneurs face is how to go about finding the business opportunity that is right for
them.
Some common questions that entrepreneurs constantly think about are:
• Should the new enterprise introduce a new product or service based on an unmet need?
• Should the new enterprise select an existing product or service from one market and offer it in another
where it may not be available?
• Should the enterprise be based on a tried and tested formula that has worked elsewhere?
It is therefore extremely important that entrepreneurs must learn how to identify new and existing business
opportunities and evaluate their chances of success.
Say
• Now tell the participants about the Entrepreneurship Support eco-system.
Elaborate
Tell them – An entrepreneur is a person who
• Does not work for an employee
• Runs a small enterprise
• Assumes all the risks and rewards of the enterprise, idea, good or service
Types of Entrepreneurs
There are four main types of entrepreneurs:
• The Traditional Entrepreneur
• The Growth Potential Entrepreneur
• The Project-Oriented Entrepreneur
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• The Lifestyle Entrepreneur

Characteristics of an Entrepreneur
• Successful entrepreneurs have the following characteristics
• They are highly motivated
• They are creative and persuasive
• They are mentally prepared to handle each and every task
• They have excellent business skills – they know how to evaluate their cash flow, sales and revenue
• They are willing to take great risks
• They are very proactive – this means they are willing to do the work themselves, rather than wait for someone
else to do it
• They have a vision – they are able to see the big picture
• They are flexible and open-minded
• They are good at making decisions
Do
Discuss with the participants about the Entrepreneur Success Stories.
Dhiru Bhai Ambani
Dhirubhai Ambani began his entrepreneurial career by selling “bhajias” to pilgrims in Mount Girnar on weekends.
At 16, he moved to Yemen where he worked as a gas-station attendant, and as a clerk in an oil company. He
returned to India with Rs. 50,000 and started a textile trading company. Reliance went on to become the first
Indian company to raise money in global markets and the first Indian company to feature in Forbes 500 list.
Dr. Karsanbhai Patel
Karsanbhai Patel made detergent powder in the backyard of his house. He sold his product door-to-door and
offered a money back guarantee with every pack that was sold. He charged Rs. 3 per kg when the cheapest
detergent at that time was Rs.13 per kg. Dr. Patel eventually started Nirma which became a whole new segment
in the Indian domestic detergent market.
Say
• Now tell the participants about the Entrepreneurial Process.
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Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
Tell them – Let’s take a look at the stages of the entrepreneurial process.
• Stage 1: Idea Generation. The entrepreneurial process begins with an idea that has been thought of by the
entrepreneur. The idea is a problem that has the potential to be solved.
• Stage 2: Germination or Recognition. In this stage a possible solution to the identified problem is thought of.
• Stage 3: Preparation or Rationalization. The problem is studied further and research is done to find out how
others have tried to solve the same problem.
• Stage 4: Incubation or Fantasizing. This stage involves creative thinking for the purpose of coming up with
more ideas. Less thought is given to the problem areas.
• Stage 5: Feasibility Study: The next step is the creation of a feasibility study to determine if the idea will make
a profit and if it should be seen through.
• Stage 6: Illumination or Realization. This is when all uncertain areas suddenly become clear. The entrepreneur
feels confident that his idea has merit.
• Stage 7: Verification or Validation. In this final stage, the idea is verified to see if it works and if it is useful.
Take a look at the diagram below to get a better idea of this process.
Say
• Now tell the participants about the Entrepreneur. The entrepreneurship support ecosystem signifies the
collective and complete nature of entrepreneurship. New companies emerge and flourish not only because of
the courageous, visionary entrepreneurs who launch them, but they thrive as they are set in an environment
or ‘ecosystem’ made of private and public participants.
Elaborate
Tell them – These players nurture and sustain the new ventures, facilitating the entrepreneurs’ efforts.
An entrepreneurship ecosystem comprises of the following six domains:
• Favourable Culture: This includes elements such as tolerance of risk and errors, valuable networking and
positive social standing of the entrepreneur.
• Facilitating Policies & Leadership: This includes regulatory framework incentives and existence of public
research institutes.
• Financing Options: Angel financing, venture capitalists and micro loans would be good examples of this.
• Human Capital: This refers to trained and untrained labour, entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship training
programmes, etc.
• Conducive Markets for Products & Services: This refers to an existence or scope of existence of a market for
the product/service.
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• Institutional & Infrastructural Support: This includes legal and financing advisers, telecommunications,
digital and transportation infrastructure, and entrepreneurship networking programmes.
These domains indicate whether there is a strong entrepreneurship support ecosystem and what actions should
the government put in place to further encourage this ecosystem. The six domains and their various elements
have been graphically depicted.
Every entrepreneurship support ecosystem is unique and all the elements of the ecosystem are interdependent.
Although every region’s entrepreneurship ecosystem can be broadly described by the above features, each
ecosystem is the result of the hundred elements interacting in highly complex and particular ways.
Entrepreneurship ecosystems eventually become (largely) self-sustaining. When the six domains are resilient
enough, they are mutually beneficial. At this point, government involvement can and should be significantly
minimized. Public leaders do not need to invest a lot to sustain the ecosystem. It is imperative that the
entrepreneurship ecosystem incentives are formulated to be self-liquidating, hence focusing on sustainability of
the environment.
Say
• Now tell the participants about the Government’s role in the Entrepreneurship Ecosystem. Encouraging
new ventures is a major focus for policymakers. Governments across the world are recognizing that new
businesses flourish in distinctive types of supportive environments.
Elaborate
Tell them – Policymakers should study the scenario and take into account the following points whilst they
formulate policies and regulations that enable successful entrepreneurship support ecosystems.
• Policymakers should avoid regulations that discourage new entrants and work towards building efficient
methods for business startups. Policies and regulations that favour existing, dominant firms over
entrepreneurial ventures restrict competition and obstruct entry for new companies.
• Instead of developing policies conceptually intended to correct market failures, policymakers should interact
with entrepreneurs and understand the challenges faced by them. The feedback should be used to develop
policies that incite idea exploration, product development and increased rates of deal flow.
• Entrepreneurial supporters should create a database that enables identifying who the participants in the
ecosystem are and how they are connected. These ecosystem maps are useful tools in developing engagement
strategies.
• Disruptions are unavoidable in economic and social life. However, it’s important to note that economic
disruption gives rise to entrepreneurial opportunities. Architects of the entrepreneurship ecosystems
(entrepreneurs, mentors, policymakers and consumers,) should anticipate these dips, thus capitalizing on
the opportunities they create.
The need for effective strategies to enable local entrepreneurship support ecosystems is a practical one. Better
understanding of the actual ecosystems provides a framework within which policy makers can ask relevant
questions, envisage more efficient approaches, and assess ensuing outcomes.
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Facilitator Guide
Say
• Now tell the participants about the Snapshot of the Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in India. Entrepreneurship has
earned a newfound respect in India. Many Indians, with exposure to the world of business, who traditionally
would have opted for a job, are setting up their own ventures. Many elements of the entrepreneurship
ecosystem are beginning to come together. For example, increase in venture capitalists, government schemes
and incubators, academia industry linkages, and emerging clusters and support to rural economy.
Elaborate
Tell them – Policymakers should study the scenario and take into account the following points whilst they
formulate policies and regulations that enable successful entrepreneurship support ecosystems.
• We need to review our attitude towards failures and accept them as learning experiences.
• We must encourage the educated to become entrepreneurs and provide students in schools and colleges
with entrepreneurship skills.
• Universities, research labs and the government need to play the role of enablers in the entrepreneurship
support ecosystem.
• Policymakers need to focus on reducing the obstacles such as corruption, red tape and bureaucracy.
• We need to improve our legal systems and court international venture capital firms and bring them to India.
• We must devise policies and methods to reach the secondary and tertiary towns in India, where people do
not have access to the same resources available in the cities.
Today, there is a huge opportunity in this country to introduce innovative solutions that are capable of scaling up,
and collaborating within the ecosystem as well as enriching it.
Say
• Now tell the participants about the Make in India Campaign.
Elaborate
Tell them – Every entrepreneur has certain needs. Some of their important needs are:
• To easily get loans
• To easily find investors
• To get tax exemptions
• To easily access resources and good infrastructure
• To enjoy a procedure that is free of hassles and is quick
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• To be able to easily partner with other firms

The Make in India campaign, launched by Prime Minister Modi aims to satisfy all these needs of young, aspiring
entrepreneurs. Its objective is to:
• Make investment easy
• Support new ideas
• Enhance skill development
• Safeguard the ideas of entrepreneurs
• Create state-of-the-art facilities for manufacturing goods
Say
• Now tell the participants about the Risk Appetite and Resilience.
Elaborate
Entrepreneurship and Risk
Entrepreneurs are inherently risk takers. They are path-makers not path-takers. Unlike a normal, cautious person,
an entrepreneur would not think twice about quitting his job (his sole income) and taking a risk on himself and
his idea.
An entrepreneur is aware that while pursuing his dreams, assumptions can be proven wrong and unforeseen events
may arise. He knows that after dealing with numerous problems, success is still not guaranteed. Entrepreneurship
is synonymous with the ability to take risks. This ability, called risk-appetite, is an entrepreneurial trait that is
partly genetic and partly acquired.
What is Risk Appetite?
Risk appetite is defined as the extent to which a company is equipped to take risk, in order to achieve its objectives.
Essentially, it refers to the balance, struck by the company, between possible profits and the hazards caused by
changes in the environment (economic ecosystem, policies, etc.). Taking on more risk may lead to higher rewards
but have a high probability of losses as well. However, being too conservative may go against the company as it
can miss out on good opportunities to grow and reach their objectives.
The levels of risk appetite can be broadly categorized as “low”, “medium” and “high.” The company’s entrepreneur(s)
have to evaluate all potential alternatives and select the option most likely to succeed. Companies have varying
levels of risk appetites for different objectives. The levels depend on:
• The type of industry
• Market pressures
• Company objectives
For example, a startup with a revolutionary concept will have a very high risk appetite. The startup can afford
short term failures before it achieves longer term success. This type of appetite will not remain constant and will
be adjusted to account for the present circumstances of the company.
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Facilitator Guide
Say
• Now tell the participants about the Success and Failures. Understanding Successes and Failures in
Entrepreneurship.
Elaborate
Tell them – Shyam is a famous entrepreneur, known for his success story. But what most people don’t know, is
that Shyam failed numerous times before his enterprise became a success. Read his interview to get an idea of
what entrepreneurship is really about, straight from an entrepreneur who has both, failed and succeed
Interviewer: Shyam, I have heard that entrepreneurs are great risk-takers who are never afraid of failing. Is this
true?
Shyam: Ha ha, no of course it’s not true! Most people believe that entrepreneurs need to be fearlessly enthusiastic.
But the truth is, fear is a very normal and valid human reaction, especially when you are planning to start your
own business! In fact, my biggest fear was the fear of failing. The reality is, entrepreneurs fail as much as they
succeed. The trick is to not allow the fear of failing to stop you from going ahead with your plans. Remember,
failures are lessons for future success!
Interviewer: What, according to you, is the reason that entrepreneurs fail?
Shyam: Well, there is no one single reason why entrepreneurs fail. An entrepreneur can fail due to numerous
reasons. You could fail because you have allowed your fear of failure to defeat you. You could fail because you are
unwilling to delegate (distribute) work. As the saying goes, “You can do anything, but not everything!” You could
fail because you gave up too easily – maybe you were not persistent enough. You could fail because you were
focusing your energy on small, insignificant tasks and ignoring the tasks that were most important. Other reasons
for failing are partnering with the wrong people, not being able to sell your product to the right customers at the
right time at the right price… and many more reasons!
Interviewer: As an entrepreneur, how do you feel failure should be looked at?
Shyam: I believe we should all look at failure as an asset, rather than as something negative. The way I see it, if
you have an idea, you should try to make it work, even if there is a chance that you will fail. That’s because not
trying is failure right there, anyway! And failure is not the worst thing that can happen. I think having regrets
because of not trying, and wondering ‘what if’ is far worse than trying and actually failing.
Interviewer: How did you feel when you failed for the first time?
Shyam: I was completely heartbroken! It was a very painful experience. But the good news is, you do recover
from the failure. And with every subsequent failure, the recovery process gets a lot easier. That’s because you
start to see each failure more as a lesson that will eventually help you succeed, rather than as an obstacle that
you cannot overcome. You will start to realize that failure has many benefits.
Interviewer: Can you tell us about some of the benefits of failing?
Shyam: One of the benefits that I have experienced personally from failing is that the failure made me see things
in a new light. It gave me answers that I didn’t have before. Failure can make you a lot stronger. It also helps keep
your ego in control.
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Interviewer: What advice would you give entrepreneurs who are about to start their own enterprises?
Shyam: I would tell them to do their research and ensure that their product is something that is actually wanted
by customers. I’d tell them to pick their partners and employees very wisely and cautiously. I’d tell them that it’s
very important to be aggressive – push and market your product as aggressively as possible. I would warn them
that starting an enterprise is very expensive and that they should be prepared for a situation where they run out
of money.
I would tell them to create long term goals and put a plan in action to achieve that goal. I would tell them to build
a product that is truly unique. Be very careful and ensure that you are not copying another startup. Lastly, I’d tell
them that it’s very important that they find the right investors.
Interviewer: That’s some really helpful advice, Shyam! I’m sure this will help all entrepreneurs to be more
prepared before they begin their journey! Thank you for all your insight!

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Facilitator Guide
UNIT 13.6: Preparing to be an Entrepreneur
Unit Objectives
1. Discuss how market research is carried out
2. Describe the 4 Ps of marketing
3. Discuss the importance of idea generation
4. Recall basic business terminology
5. Discuss the need for CRM
6. Discuss the benefits of CRM
7. Discuss the need for networking
8. Discuss the benefits of networking
9. Understand the importance of setting goals
10. Differentiate between short-term, medium-term and long-term goals
11. Discuss how to write a business plan
12. Explain the financial planning process
13. Discuss ways to manage your risk
14. Describe the procedure and formalities for applying for bank finance
15. Discuss how to manage your own enterprise
16. List important questions that every entrepreneur should ask before starting an enterprise
Do
• Tell them they will learn about Preparing to be an Entrepreneur.
198
Say
• Tell the participants about the market study.
Elaborate
Understanding Market Research
Market research is the process of gathering, analyzing and interpreting market information on a product or
service that is being sold in that market. It also includes information on:
• Past, present and prospective customers
• Customer characteristics and spending habits
• The location and needs of the target market
• The overall industry
• Relevant competitors
Market research involves two types of data:
• Primary information. This is research collected by yourself or by someone hired by you.
• Secondary information. This is research that already exists and is out there for you to find and use.
Primary research
Primary research can be of two types:
• Exploratory: This is open-ended and usually involves detailed, unstructured interviews.
• Specific: This is precise and involves structured, formal interviews. Conducting specific research is the more
expensive than conducting exploratory research.
Secondary research
Secondary research uses outside information. Some common secondary sources are:
• Public sources: These are usually free and have a lot of good information. Examples are government
departments, business departments of public libraries etc.
• Commercial sources: These offer valuable information but usually require a fee to be paid. Examples are
research and trade associations, banks and other financial institutions etc.
• Educational institutions: These offer a wealth of information. Examples are colleges, universities, technical.
Say
• Tell the participants about the 4 Ps of marketing.
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Facilitator Guide
Elaborate
Tell them –The 4 Ps of marketing are:
• Product,
• Price,
• Promotion and
• Place.
Let’s look at each of these 4 Ps in detail.
Say
• Tell the participants about the Business entity concepts. If your aim is to start and run a business, it is crucial
that you have a good understanding of basic business terms.
Elaborate
Tell them – Every entrepreneur should be well versed in the following terms:
• Accounting: A systematic method of recording and reporting financial transactions.
• Accounts payable: Money owed by a company to its creditors.
• Accounts Receivable: The amount a company is owed by its clients.
• Assets: The value of everything a company owns and uses to conduct its business.
• Balance Sheet: A snapshot of a company’s assets, liabilities and owner’s equity at a given moment.
Say
• Tell the participants about the CRM. CRM stands for Customer Relationship Management. Originally the
expression Customer Relationship Management meant managing one’s relationship with customers.
However, today it refers to IT systems and software designed to help companies manage their relationships.
200
Elaborate
The Need for CRM
The better a company can manage its relationships with its customers, the higher the chances of the company’s
success. For any entrepreneur, the ability to successfully retain existing customers and expand the enterprise is
paramount. This is why IT systems that focus on addressing the problems of dealing with customers on a daily
basis are becoming more and more in demand.
Customer needs change over time, and technology can make it easier to understand what customers really want.
This insight helps companies to be more responsive to the needs of their customers. It enables them to modify
their business operations when required, so that their customers are always served in the best manner possible.
Simply put, CRM helps companies recognize the value of their clients and enables them to capitalize on improved
customer relations.
Benefits of CRM
CRM has a number of important benefits:
• It helps improve relations with existing customers which can lead to:
• Increased sales
• Identification of customer needs
• Cross-selling of products
• It results in better marketing of one’s products or services
• It enhances customer satisfaction and retention
• It improves profitability by identifying and focusing on the most profitable customers
Say
• Tell the participants about the Networking. In business, networking means leveraging your business and
personal connections in order to bring in a regular supply of new business. This marketing method is effective
as well as low cost. It is a great way to develop sales opportunities and contacts.
Elaborate
Tell them – Networking can be based on referrals and introductions, or can take place via phone, email, and social
and business networking websites.
The Need for Networking
Networking is an essential personal skill for business people, but it is even more important for entrepreneurs.
The process of networking has its roots in relationship building. Networking results in greater communication
and a stronger presence in the entrepreneurial ecosystem. This helps build strong relationships with other
entrepreneurs.
Business networking events held across the globe play a huge role in connecting like-minded entrepreneurs who
share the same fundamental beliefs in communication, exchanging ideas and converting ideas into realities. Such
networking events also play a crucial role in connecting entrepreneurs with potential investors. Entrepreneurs
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Facilitator Guide
may have vastly different experiences and backgrounds but they all have a common goal in mind – they all seek
connection, inspiration, advice, opportunities and mentors. Networking offers them a platform to do just that.
Benefits of Networking
Networking offers numerous benefits for entrepreneurs. Some of the major benefits are:
• Getting high quality leads
• Increased business opportunities
• Good source of relevant connections
• Advice from like-minded entrepreneurs
• Gaining visibility and raising your profile
• Meeting positive and enthusiastic people
• Increased self-confidence
• Satisfaction from helping others
• Building strong and lasting friendships
Say
• Tell the participants about the Business Plans. Setting goals is important because it gives you long-term vision
and short-term motivation. Goals can be short term, medium term and long term.
Elaborate
Tell them – Short-Term Goals
• These are specific goals for the immediate future. Example: Repairing a machine that has failed. Medium-
Term Goals
• These goals are built on your short term goals.
• They do not need to be as specific as your short term goals.
Example: Arranging for a service contract to ensure that your machines don’t fail again.
Long-Term Goals
These goals require time and planning. They usually take a year or more to achieve.
Example: Planning your expenses so you can buy new machinery
Why Create a Business Plan
A business plan is a tool for understanding how your business is put together. It can be used to monitor progress,
foster accountable and control the fate of the business. It usually offers a 3-5 year projection and outlines the plan
that the company intends to follow to grow its revenues. A business plan is also a very important tool for getting
the interest of key employees or future investors. A business plan typically comprises of eight elements.
202
Say
• Tell the participants about the Elements of a Business Plans. The executive summary follows the title page.
The summary should clearly state your desires as the business owner in a short and businesslike way. It is an
overview of your business and your plans. Ideally this should not be more than 1-2 pages.
Elaborate
Tell them – Your Executive Summary should include:
• The Mission Statement: Explain what your business is all about.
• Example: Nike’s Mission Statement
• Nike’s mission statement is “To bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world.”
• Company Information: Provide information like when your business was formed, the names and roles of the
founders, the number of employees, your business location(s) etc.
• Growth Highlights: Mention examples of company growth. Use graphs and charts where possible.
• Your Products/Services: Describe the products or services provided.
• Financial Information: Provide details on current bank and investors.
• Summarize future plans: Describe where you see your business in the future.
Say
• Tell the participants what Information Should Entrepreneurs Offer Banks for Funding. When approaching a
bank, entrepreneurs must have a clear idea of the different criteria that banks use to screen, rate and process
loan applications. Entrepreneurs must also be aware of the importance of providing banks with accurate and
correct information.
Elaborate
Tell them – It is now easier than ever for financial institutions to track any default behaviour of loan applicants.
Entrepreneurs looking for funding from banks must provide banks with information relating to their general
credentials, financial situation and guarantees or collaterals that can be offered.
General Credentials
This is where you, as an entrepreneur, provide the bank with background information on yourself. Such
information includes:
• Letter(s) of Introduction: This letter should be written by a respected business person who knows you well
enough to introduce you. The aim of this letter is set across your achievements and vouch for your character
and integrity.
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Facilitator Guide
• Your Profile: This is basically your resume. You need to give the bank a good idea of your educational
achievements, professional training, qualifications, employment record and achievements.
• Business Brochure: A business brochure typically provides information on company products, clients, how
long the business has been running for etc.
• Bank and Other References: If you have an account with another bank, providing those bank references is a
good idea.
• Proof of Company Ownership or Registration: In some cases, you may need to provide the bank with proof
of company ownership and registration. A list of assets and liabilities may also be required.
Financial Situation
Banks will expect current financial information on your enterprise. The standard financial reports you should be
prepared with are:
• Balance Sheet
• Profit-and-Loss Account
• Cash-Flow Statement
• Projected Sales and Revenues
• Business Plan
• Feasibility Study
Guarantees or Collaterals
Usually banks will refuse to grant you a loan without security. You can offer assets which the bank can seize and
sell off if you do not repay the loan. Fixed assets like machinery, equipment, vehicles etc. are also considered to
be security for loans.
Say
• Tell the participants about the landing criteria of banks.
Elaborate
Tell them – Your request for funding will have a higher chance of success if you can satisfy the following lending
criteria:
• Good cash flow
• Adequate shareholders’ funds
• Adequate security
• Experience in business
• Good reputation
The Procedure
To apply for funding the following procedure will need to be followed.
204
• Submit your application form and all other required documents to the bank.
• The bank will carefully assess your credit worthiness and assign ratings by analyzing your business information
with respect to parameters like management, financial, operational and industry information as well as past
loan performance.
• The bank will make a decision as to whether or not you should be given funding.
Say
• Tell the participants about the Enterprise Management. To manage your enterprise effectively you need to
look at many different aspects, right from managing the day-to-day activities to figuring out how to handle a
large scale event.
Elaborate
Tell them – Let’s take a look at some simple steps to manage your company effectively.
Step 1: Use your leadership skills and ask for advice when required.
Step 2: Divide your work amongst others – realize that you cannot handle everything yourself.
Step 3: Hire the right people for the job.
Step 4: Motivate your employees and train them well.
Step 5: Train your people to handle your customers well.
Step 6: Market your enterprise effectively.
Say
• Tell the participants about Considering Entrepreneurship.
Elaborate
• Tell them – Questions to Ask Yourself before Considering Entrepreneurship:
• Why am I starting a business?
• What problem am I solving?
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Facilitator Guide
• Have others attempted to solve this problem before? Did they succeed or fail?
• Do I have a mentor1 or industry expert that I can call on?
• Who is my ideal customer2?
• Who are my competitors3?
• What makes my business idea different from other business ideas?
• What are the key features of my product or service?
• Have I done a SWOT4 analysis?
• What is the size of the market that will buy my product or service?
• What would it take to build a minimum viable product5 to test the market?
• How much money do I need to get started?
• Will I need to get a loan?
• How soon will my products or services be available?
• When will I break even6 or make a profit?
• How will those who invest in my idea make a profit?
• How should I set up the legal structure7 of my business?
• What taxes8 will I need to pay?
• What kind of insurance9 will I need?
• Have I reached out to potential customers for feedback

206
14. Annexures
Annexure I: Training Delivery Plan
Annexure II: Assessment Criteria
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Facilitator Guide
Annexure I
Training Delivery Plan
Training Delivery Plan
Program Name: Certificate Course in Injection Moulding Operator
Qualification RSC/Q0207
Pack Name &
Ref. ID
Version No. V1.0 Version Update Date 29/12-2015
Pre-requisites to 5th Standard
Training
Training By the end of this program, the participants will be able to:
Outcomes
1. Prepare injection moulding machine
2. Perform injection moulding operation
3. Undertake post moulding activities
4. To carry out housekeeping
5. To carry out reporting and documentation
6. To carry out quality checks
7. To carry out problem identification and escalation
208
SI. Module Name Session Name Session Objectives NOS Methodology Training Duration
No. Reference Tools/Aids
1. Overview on Introduction to Theory: Bridge • Facilitator-led Available 2:00 hrs.
Rubber Industry Rubber Industry • Learn about current state of Module Discussion Objects such
& Generic Skills & Compression Rubber Industry in India • Demon- as a book, pen,
Moulding • Recognize types of Rubber used in stration duster, white
Industry board, marker,
• Familiarise with the role of Computer,
Injection Moulding Operator Projector etc.
2. Preparing Preparing Theory: RSC/N0701 • Power-point Available 4:00 hrs.
Injection Injection • Learn about types of rubber PC1 – PC22 presentation Objects such
Moulding Moulding injection moulding. KA1 – KA18 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
Machine Machine • Learn about types of injection KB1 – KB15 led duster, white
moulding machine. - discussion board, marker,
• Audio- visuals Computer,
Images Projector etc.
Theory: RSC/N0701 • Power-point Available 4:00 hrs.
• Learn about Nozzles, Runners and PC1 – PC22 presentation Objects such
Gates. KA1 – KA18 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Learn about setting Machine KB1 – KB15 led duster, white
process Parameters. - discussion board, marker,
Practical: Demonstrate RSC/N0701 • Practical Lab Note Pad, Pen, 4:00 hrs.
• Gain practical knowledge of PC1 – PC22 charts
machines used in moulding KA1 – KA18
process. KB1 – KB15
injection moulding machine. KA1 – KA18
KB1 – KB15
Nozzles, Runners and Gates. KA1 – KA18
KB1 – KB15
• Gain practical knowledge of setting PC1 – PC22 charts
machine process parameters. KA1 – KA18
KB1 – KB15
Raw Material Theory: RSC/N0701 • Power-point Available 7:00 hrs.
Appropriateness • Identify different types of Rubber PC1 – PC22 presentation Objects such
• Learn how to carry out raw KA1 – KA18 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
material preparation KB1 – KB15 led duster, white
- discussion board, marker,
• Perceive how to weigh material PC1 – PC22 presentation Objects such
• Be informed how to handle KA1 – KA18 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
material KB1 – KB15 led duster, white
• Types of Rubber PC1 – PC22 charts
KA1 – KA18
KB1 – KB15
• Special Rubber Type PC1 – PC22 charts
KA1 – KA18
KB1 – KB15
• Raw Material Preparation PC1 – PC22 charts
KA1 – KA18
KB1 – KB15
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Facilitator Guide
• Weighing of Compounds PC1 – PC22 charts
KA1 – KA18
KB1 – KB15
• Material Handling PC1 – PC22 charts
KA1 – KA18
KB1 – KB15
3. Perform injection Perform injection Theory: RSC/N0702 • Power-point Available 4:00 hrs.
Moulding Moulding • Learn to operate injection PC1 – PC12 presentation Objects such
Operation Operation moulding machine. KA1 – KA22 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
KB1 – KB15 led duster, white
• Learn to load the compound in the PC1 – PC12 presentation Objects such
machine. KA1 – KA22 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Learn to ensure all parameters are PC1 – PC12 presentation Objects such
set appropriately. KA1 – KA22 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Learn to ensure company policies PC1 – PC12 presentation Objects such
and guidelines are followed. KA1 – KA22 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Learn to follow safe working PC1 – PC12 presentation Objects such
partition. KA1 – KA22 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Gain practical knowledge about PC1 – PC12 charts
injection moulding cycle. KA1 – KA22
• Gain practical knowledge about KB1 – KB15
mould.
• Operating an injection moulding PC1 – PC12 charts
machine. KA1 – KA22
injection moulding process.
injection pressure. KA1 – KA22
mould cooling.
back pressure. KA1 – KA22
runner system.
screw speed. KA1 – KA22
KB1 – KB15
210
injection temperature. KA1 – KA22
KB1 – KB15
4. Post Moulding Post Moulding Theory: RSC/N0703 • Power-point Available 4:00 hrs.
Activities Activities • Remove cured piece from machine PC1 – PC11 presentation Objects such
after moulding KA1 – KA14 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Remove flashes from moulded part PC1 – PC11 presentation Objects such
KA1 – KA14 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Dispose waste material in safe PC1 – PC11 presentation Objects such
manner and place in their KA1 – KA14 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
designated bins, palletes KB1 – KB11 led duster, white
• Make appropriate batches of the PC1 – PC11 presentation Objects such
product KA1 – KA14 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Do proper identification on PC1 – PC11 presentation Objects such
material batches. KA1 – KA14 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Send samples to lab for testing PC1 – PC11 presentation Objects such
KA1 – KA14 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Gain practical knowledge to PC1 – PC11 charts
remove cured piece from machine KA1 – KA14
after moulding. KB1 – KB11
• Send samples for lab testing. PC1 – PC11 charts
KA1 – KA14
KB1 – KB11
make appropriate batches of the KA1 – KA14
product. KB1 – KB11
remove flashes from moulded part. KA1 – KA14
KB1 – KB11
• Dispose waste material in safe PC1 – PC11 charts
manner and place in their KA1 – KA14
designated bins, pallets. KB1 – KB11
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Facilitator Guide
5. Health & Safety Safety and Health Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
Hazards in Hazards in Rubber • Identify hazards Module presentation Objects such
Rubber Industry Industry • Identify types of Hazards • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Recognize hazards which can lead led duster, white
to accidents - discussion board, marker,
Safety Hazards Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
in Compound • Beware about Health and Safety Module presentation Objects such
Moulding Hazards while working on • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
Machine Compression Moulding machine led duster, white
• Recognise the types of traps on - discussion board, marker,
Compression moulding machine • Audio- visuals Computer,
• Fight with burns caused while Images Projector etc.
working at hot Surface
• Do various safety checks in Rubber
Moulding Shop
First Aid Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
• Apply first aid on an injured Module presentation Objects such
person. • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Understand the procedures of led duster, white
doing CPR. - discussion board, marker,
6. Housekeeping Introduction to Theory: RSC/N5001 • Power-point Available 3:00 hrs.
Housekeeping • Perform Housekeeping activities PC1 – PC24 presentation Objects such
• Familiarise with the importance KB1 – KB18 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
and purpose of Housekeeping led duster, white
• Identify the Benefits of Good – discussion board, marker,
Housekeeping • Audio- visuals Computer,
• Recognize the concept of ‘5S’ Images Projector etc.
• Benefits of good housekeeping PC1 – PC24 charts
• ‘5S’ Concept KB1 – KB18
Pre Housekeeping Theory: RSC/N5001 • Power-point Available 5:00 hrs.

Activities • Perform pre-housekeeping PC1 – PC24 presentation Objects such
activities KB1 – KB18 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Identify the reasons and principles led duster, white
of doing cleaning - discussion board, marker,
• Clean material, cleaning • Audio- visuals Computer,
equipment and its maintenance Images Projector etc.
• Do inspection and how to select of
cleaning method
• Plan housekeeping activity
• Identify signs of poor
housekeeping
• Improve housekeeping at your
workplaces
• Do recommended housekeeping
practices
• Cleaning material, equipment & its PC1 – PC24 charts
maintenance KB1 – KB18
• Inspection & Selection of Cleaning
methods
• Cleaning Manual Equipment PC1 – PC24 charts
• Cleaning mechanical equipment KB1 – KB18
• Plan housekeeping activity PC1 – PC24 charts
• Housekeeping practices KB1 – KB18
212
Housekeeping Theory: RSC/N5001 • Power-point Available 2:00 hrs.

Activities • Follow the cleaning methods PC1 – PC24 presentation Objects such
• Identify the elements of effective KB1 – KB18 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
housekeeping program led duster, white
• Deal with accidental damage - discussion board, marker,
• Deal with accidental damage, if • Audio- visuals Computer,
any, caused while carrying out the Images Projector etc.
work
• Report the appropriate person
any difficulties in carrying out your
work
• Identify and report to the
appropriate person any additional
cleaning required that is outside
one's responsibility or skill
• Elements of effective housekeeping PC1 – PC24 charts
program KB1 – KB18
• Cleaning methods
Post Theory: RSC/N5001 • Power-point Available 5:00 hrs.
Housekeeping • Perform Post housekeeping PC1 – PC24 presentation Objects such
Activities activities KB1 – KB18 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Do equipment and supplies led duster, white
maintenance - discussion board, marker,
• Equipment & supply maintenance PC1 – PC24 charts
• Equipment care KB1 – KB18
• Safety tips
7. Reporting & Reporting & Theory: RSC/N5002 • Power-point Available 5:00 hrs.
Documentation Documentation • Report data/ problems/ incidents PC1 – PC10 presentation Objects such
as applicable by following company KA1 – KA14 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
reporting procedures led duster, white
• Do documentation within - discussion board, marker,
stipulated time according to • Audio- visuals Computer,
company procedure Images Projector etc.
• Respond to requests for
information in an appropriate
manner whilst following
organizational procedures
• Reporting PC1 – PC10 charts
KA1 – KA14
• Record keeping PC1 – PC10 charts
KA1 – KA14
8. Quality To carry out Theory: RSC/N5003 • Power-point Available 5:00 hrs.

quality check • Identify activities and standards set PC1 – PC15 presentation Objects such
by the company involved in Quality KB1 – KB13 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
check led duster, white
• Recognise the quality - discussion board, marker,
methodologies and standard set by • Audio- visuals Computer,
company. Images Projector etc.
• Analyze the need of quality checks
and determines the appropriate
method and procedure to meet
the standards
• Inspection PC1 – PC15 charts
KB1 – KB13
• Analysis PC1 – PC15 charts
KB1 – KB13
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Facilitator Guide
• Reporting PC1 – PC15 charts
KB1 – KB13
9. Problem Problem Theory: RSC/N5004 • Power-point Available 5:00 hrs.

Identification & Identification, • Discuss various problems and PC1 – PC24 presentation Objects such
Escalation Necessary Action issues related to raw materials, KB1 – KB15 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
& Escalation rubber products, equipment, and led duster, white
any other (such as administration, - discussion board, marker,
HR etc.) • Audio- visuals Computer,
• Analyze problem related to raw PC1 – PC24 presentation Objects such
material, procedures, moulding KB1 – KB15 • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
process, rubber compounds, led duster, white
rubber products, machines etc. to - discussion board, marker,
identify the appropriate solution • Audio- visuals Computer,
• Follow escalation matrix whenever Images Projector etc.
necessary
Practical: Demonstrate RSC/N5004 • Practical Lab Note Pad, Pen,
• Problem identification PC1 – PC24 charts
KB1 – KB15
Practical: Demonstrate RSC/N5004 • Practical Lab Note Pad, Pen,

• Necessary action PC1 – PC24 charts
KB1 – KB15
Practical: Demonstrate RSC/N5004 • Practical Lab Note Pad, Pen, Note Pad,
• Problem escalation PC1 – PC24 charts Pen, charts
KB1 – KB15
10. Generic Skills Workplace Skills Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available Available
• Describe communication, Module presentation Objects such Objects
importance of good reading & • Facilitator- as a book, pen, such as a
writing skills and trade ethics led duster, white book, pen,
• Identify the importance of effective - discussion board, marker, duster,
communication with co-workers in • Audio- visuals Computer, white
writing as well as orally Images Projector etc. board,
• Read the documents in order to marker,
carry out operator's tasks which Computer,
are necessary Projector
• Identify importance of work ethics etc.
and professionalism
11. Soft Skills & Introduction to Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
Communication Soft Skills • Understand the basic meaning of Module presentation Objects such
Skills Soft Skills, their components and • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
their benefits. led duster, white
• Understand Work Readiness and - discussion board, marker,
its significance. • Audio- visuals Computer,
Effective Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
Communication • Do public speaking. Module presentation Objects such
• Describe likes and dislikes of a • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
person. led duster, white
• Know basic etiquette of - discussion board, marker,
conversation. • Audio- visuals Computer,
214
Grooming & Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available

Hygiene • Maintain cleanliness and hygiene. Module presentation Objects such
• Keep their dress clean and tidy. • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Maintain positive body language led duster, white
while speaking. - discussion board, marker,
• Enable to perform more of the do’s • Audio- visuals Computer,
than the don’ts. Images Projector etc.
• Learn about good eating habit and
their impact on health.
• Avoiding bad things such as gutkha
and alcohol.
• Learn about AIDS and its
prevention.
Interpersonal Skill Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
Development • Develop a positive attitude and Module presentation Objects such
behaviour. • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Understanding Goal Setting. led duster, white
• Motivated for team participation - discussion board, marker,
at work. • Audio- visuals Computer,
• Learn how to manage relations. Images Projector etc.
• Learn about Stress and anger
management skills.
• Learn to develop leadership
qualities.
Social Interaction Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
• Understand what is social Module presentation Objects such
interaction and what are social • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
interaction behaviour. led duster, white
• Give a brief description about - discussion board, marker,
himself/herself in public. • Audio- visuals Computer,
• Follow daily duties. Images Projector etc.
• Cooperate with peers, family and
other members in society.
Group Interaction Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
• Participate in group discussions in Module presentation Objects such
the class. • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Give speech in the public. led duster, white
• Understand the importance of - discussion board, marker,
team building and team work. • Audio- visuals Computer,
Time Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
Management • Understand the importance of Module presentation Objects such
time management. • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Develop time management skills. led duster, white
• Learn about effective time - discussion board, marker,
planning. • Audio- visuals Computer,
Resume Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
Preparation • Understand the importance of Module presentation Objects such
resume. • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Learn how to prepare a resume. led duster, white
Interview Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
Preparation • Understand the procedure of Module presentation Objects such
interview. • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Go thorough mock interviews. led duster, white
• Understand how to present - discussion board, marker,
themselves during an interview. • Audio- visuals Computer,
• Motivated to work after the Images Projector etc.
training period is over.
12. IT Skills Introduction to Theory: Digital • Power-point Available
Computer • Define the computer. Literacy presentation Objects such
• Recognise its various parts. • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Differentiate the advantages and led duster, white
disadvantages of computer. - discussion board, marker,
• Audio- Computer,
visualsImages Projector etc.
215
Facilitator Guide
Basic Computer Theory: Digital • Power-point Available Available

Knowledge • Use computer. Literacy presentation Objects such Objects
• Explain the web, email services. • Facilitator- as a book, pen, such as a
led duster, white book, pen,
- discussion board, marker, duster,
• Audio- visuals Computer, white
• Images Projector etc. board,
marker,
Computer,
Projector
etc.
Components of Theory: Digital • Power-point Available
Computer • Know the different parts and Literacy presentation Objects such
components of computer. • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
led duster, white
• Images Projector etc.
Concept of Theory: Digital • Power-point Available Available
Operating System • Familiarise with the concept of Literacy presentation Objects such Objects
operating system. • Facilitator- as a book, pen, such as a
• Work on Windows 8 and 8.1. led duster, white book, pen,
• Add or Remove desktop icons, - discussion board, marker, duster,
make or delete a folder etc. • Audio- visuals Computer, white
• Images Projector etc. board,
marker,
Computer,
Projector
etc.
MS Word Theory: Digital • Power-point Available
• Learn the concept of and practice Literacy presentation Objects such
MS-Word. • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Format a document. led duster, white
• Print a document etc. - discussion board, marker,
MS Power Point Theory: Digital • Power-point Available
• Practice MS – Power point. Literacy presentation Objects such
• Make a new presentation. • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Format a slide as well led duster, white
MS Excel Theory: Digital • Power-point Available
• Work on MS-Excel Literacy presentation Objects such
• Format cells and cell content • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Use formulas led duster, white
• Make Charts and Pivot Table - discussion board, marker,
Internet Concepts Theory: Digital • Power-point Available
• Understand internet concepts Literacy presentation Objects such
• Recognise the different types of • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
URLs led duster, white
• Use MS-Outlook - discussion board, marker,
216
13. Employability and Personal Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available

Entrepreneurship Strengths & Value • Explain the meaning of health Module presentation Objects such
skills Systems • List common health issues • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Discuss tips to prevent common led duster, white
health issues - discussion board, marker,
• Explain the meaning of hygiene • Audio- visuals Computer,
• Understand the purpose of Swacch • Images Projector etc.
Bharat Abhiyan
• Explain the meaning of habit
• Discuss ways to set up a safe work
environment
• Discuss critical safety habits to be
followed by employees
• Explain the importance of
self-analysis
• Understand motivation with the
help of Maslow’s Hierarchy of
Needs
• Discuss the meaning of
achievement motivation
• List the characteristics of
entrepreneurs with achievement
motivation
• List the different factors that
motivate you
• Discuss how to maintain a positive
attitude
• Discuss the role of attitude in
self-analysis
• List your strengths and weaknesses
• Discuss the qualities of honest
people
• Describe the importance of
honesty in entrepreneurs
• Discuss the elements of a strong
work ethic
• Discuss how to foster a good work
ethic
• List the characteristics of highly
creative people
• List the characteristics of highly
innovative people
• Discuss the benefits of time
management
• List the traits of effective time
managers
• Describe effective time
management technique
• Discuss the importance of anger
management
• Describe anger management
strategies
• Discuss tips for anger management
• Discuss the causes of stress
• Discuss the symptoms of stress
• Discuss tips for stress management
217
Facilitator Guide
Digital Literacy: A Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available

Recap • Identify the basic parts of a Module presentation Objects such
computer • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Identify the basic parts of a led duster, white
keyboard - discussion board, marker,
• Recall basic computer terminology • Audio- visuals Computer,
• Recall basic computer terminology • Images Projector etc.
• Recall the functions of basic
computer keys
• Discuss the main applications of
MS Office
• Discuss the benefits of Microsoft
Outlook
• Discuss the different types of
e-commerce
• List the benefits of e-commerce for
retailers and customers
• Discuss how the Digital India
campaign will help boost
e-commerce in India
• Describe how you will sell
a product or service on an
e-commerce platform
Money Matters Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
• Discuss the importance of saving Module presentation Objects such
money • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Discuss the benefits of saving led duster, white
money - discussion board, marker,
• Discuss the main types of bank • Audio- visuals Computer,
accounts • Images Projector etc.
• Describe the process of opening a
bank account
• Differentiate between fixed and
variable costs
• Describe the main types of
investment options
• Describe the different types of
insurance products
taxes
• Discuss the uses of online banking
• Discuss the main types of
electronic funds transfers
Preparing for Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available
Employment and • Discuss the steps to prepare for an Module presentation Objects such
Self Employment interview • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Discuss the steps to create an led duster, white
effective Resume - discussion board, marker,
• Discuss the most frequently asked • Audio- visuals Computer,
interview questions • Images Projector etc.
• Discuss how to answer the most
frequently asked interview
questions
• Discuss basic workplace
terminology
218
Understanding Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available

Entrepreneurship • Discuss the concept of Module presentation Objects such
entrepreneurship • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Discuss the importance of led duster, white
entrepreneurship - discussion board, marker,
• Describe the characteristics of an • Audio- visuals Computer,
entrepreneur • Images Projector etc.
enterprises
• List the qualities of an effective
leader
• Discuss the benefits of effective
leadership
• List the traits of an effective team
• Discuss the importance of listening
effectively
• Discuss how to listen effectively
• Discuss the importance of speaking
effectively
• Discuss how to speak effectively
• Discuss how to solve problems
• List important problem solving
traits
• Discuss ways to assess problem
solving skills
• Discuss the importance of
negotiation
• Discuss how to negotiate
• Discuss how to identify new
business opportunities
• Discuss how to identify business
opportunities within your business
• Understand the meaning of
entrepreneur
entrepreneurs
• List the characteristics of
entrepreneurs
• Recall entrepreneur success stories
• Discuss the entrepreneurial
process
• Describe the entrepreneurship
ecosystem
• Discuss the government’s role in
the entrepreneurship ecosystem
• Discuss the current
entrepreneurship ecosystem in
India
• Understand the purpose of the
Make in India campaign
• Discuss the relationship between
entrepreneurship and risk appetite
• Discuss the relationship between
entrepreneurship and resilience
• Describe the characteristics of a
resilient entrepreneur
• Discuss how to deal with failure
219
Facilitator Guide
Preparing to be Theory: Bridge • Power-point Available

an Entrepreneur • Discuss how market research is Module presentation Objects such
carried out • Facilitator- as a book, pen,
• Describe the 4 Ps of marketing led duster, white
• Discuss the importance of idea - discussion board, marker,
generation • Audio- visuals Computer,
• Recall basic business terminology • Images Projector etc.
• Discuss the need for CRM
• Discuss the benefits of CRM
• Discuss the need for networking
• Discuss the benefits of networking
• Understand the importance of
setting goals
• Differentiate between short-term,
medium-term and long-term goals
• Discuss how to write a business
plan
• Explain the financial planning
process
• Discuss ways to manage your risk
• Describe the procedure and
formalities for applying for bank
finance
• Discuss how to manage your own
enterprise
• List important questions that every
entrepreneur should ask before
starting an enterprise
220
Annexure II
Assessment Criteria
CRITERIA FOR ASSESSMENT OF TRAINEES
Assessment Criteria for Hand Embroiderer
Job Role Injection Moulding Operator
Qualification Pack RSC/ Q 0207
Sector Skill Council Rubber Skill Development Council
Sr. No. Guidelines for Assessment
1 Criteria for assessment for each Qualification Pack will be created by the Sector Skill Council. Each
Performance Criteria (PC) will be assigned mark
2 Each NOS will assessed both for theoretical knowledge and practical
3 The assessment will be based on knowledge bank of questions created by the SSC.
4 Individual assessment agencies will create unique question papers for theory and skill practical
part for each candidate at each examination/training center
5 To pass the Qualification Pack, every trainee should score a minimum of 70% in every NOS
6 In case of successfully passing only certain number of NOS's, the trainee is eligible to take
subsequent assessment on the balance NOS's to pass the Qualification Pack.
221
Facilitator Guide
222
223
Facilitator Guide
224
225
Facilitator Guide
Do
• Explain each Guideline for Assessment in detail
• Explain the score that each trainee needs to obtain
• Recapitulate each NOS one-by-one and take participants through the allocation of marks for Theory and Skills
Practical.
• Explain the Allocation of Marks. Explain that they will be assessed on Theory and Skills Practical.
226
Rubber Skill Development Council

Address: PHD House (4th Floor), Opp. Asian Games Village, Siri Fort Institutional Area,
New Delhi - 110016
Tele:+91 11 41009347, 41009348 | E-mail: [email protected]
227

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About this Guide

Key Learning Outcomes

UNIT 1.1: Introduction to Rubber Industry and Injection Moulding

• it is the second largest consumer of natural rubber.

Notes for Facilitation

2. Preparing Injection Moulding

Key Learning Outcomes

UNIT 2.1: Preparing Injection Moulding Machine

Notes for Facilitation

Skill Practice Time Resources

UNIT 2.2: Raw Materials Appropriateness

Designation Trade Name Abbreviation

Silicone Rubber Elastosil® MVQ

Notes for Facilitation

Skill Practice Time Resources

Skill Practice Time Resources

3. Perform Injection Moulding

Key Learning Outcomes

UNIT 3.1: Perform Injection Moulding Operation

• Step 20: Powering Machine Off

Notes for Facilitation

4. Post Moulding Activities

Key Learning Outcomes

At the end of the unit, you will be able to:

UNIT 4.1: Post Moulding Activities

Notes for Facilitation

5. Health and Safety Hazards in

Key Learning Outcomes

UNIT 5.1: Safety and Health Hazard in Rubber Industry

Notes for Facilitation

Skill Practice Time Resources

UNIT 5.2: Safety Hazard in Compound Moulding Machine

Notes for Facilitation

Skill Practice Time Resources

Unit 5.3: First Aid and CPR

Notes for Facilitation

Unit 6.1 – Introduction to housekeeping

Key Learning Outcomes

UNIT 6.1: Introduction to Housekeeping

Japanese'S' Translation English 'S'

Notes for Facilitation

Skill Practice Time Resources

UNIT 6.2: Pre-housekeeping Activities

Cleaning Types Uses

Notes for Facilitation

Skill Practice Time Resources

UNIT 6.3: Housekeeping Activities

Notes for Facilitation

Skill Practice Time Resources

UNIT 6.4: Post Housekeeping Activities

Notes for Facilitation

Skill Practice Time Resources

7. Reporting and Documentation

Key Learning Outcomes

UNIT 7.1: Reporting and Documentation

Notes for Facilitation