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Subnetting: © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc

The document discusses subnetting and subnet masks. It explains how subnetting allows a network ID to be divided into smaller subnets by borrowing bits from the host ID portion of the IP address. Various subnetting examples and techniques are provided for IP addresses from different IP classes.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
38 views19 pages

Subnetting: © 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc

The document discusses subnetting and subnet masks. It explains how subnetting allows a network ID to be divided into smaller subnets by borrowing bits from the host ID portion of the IP address. Various subnetting examples and techniques are provided for IP addresses from different IP classes.

Uploaded by

HZN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SUBNETTING

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. 8-1


Latar Belakang
- Terbatasnya ketersediaan IP address
- Banyak komputer yang akan dihubungkan
pada suatu network

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-2


Subnet Mask
Angka biner 32 bit digunakan untuk :
1. Membedakan network id dan host id
2. Menunjukkan letak suatu host, apakah
berada di jaringan lokal atau jaringan
luar

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-3


Subnet Mask tiap Kelas IP
Address

Kelas IP Bit Subnet Mask Subnet dalam


dot desimal
– Kelas A subnet : 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000 (255.0.0.0)
– Kelas B subnet : 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 (255.255.0.0)
– Kelas C subnet : 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 (255.255.255.0)

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-4


Subnetting…???
Metode untuk memperbanyak network yang
berasal dari suatu network id dan
membentuk alamat IP menjadi bagian yang
lebih kecil lagi….
Dikorbankan
sebagian
network id
host id
tambahan

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-5


Without subnetting

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-6


With subnetting

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-7


Subnet - id
Network id Host id

Network id Subnet id Hostid

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-8


Subnetting class A

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-9


Subnetting class B

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-10


Subnetting class C

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-11


Subnet Mask
Network Host

IP
Address
172 16 0 0
Network Host
Default
Subnet
Mask
255 255 0 0
11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000
Also written as “/16” where 16 represents the number of 1s in the
mask.
Network Subnet Host
8-bit
Subnet 255 255 255 0
Mask
Also written as “/24” where 24 represents the number of 1s in the
mask.
© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-12
Class C Subnetting
# Bits Borrowed # Subnets Generated # Hosts per Subnet New Subnet Mask
2^n 2^n - 2
0 0 254 255.255.255.0
1 2 126 255.255.255.128
2 4 64 255.255.255.192
3 8 30 255.255.255.224
4 16 14 255.255.255.240
5 32 6 255.255.255.248
6 64 2 255.255.255.252
7 128 invalid 255.255.255.254
8 256 invalid 255.255.255.255

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-13


Sebagai contoh diasumsikan akan dipinjam 3 bit untuk melakukan
subnetting. Maka akan dihasilkan bentuk kombinasi sbb :

.00100000, .01000000, .01100000, .10100000,


.11000000, .11100000

… dan akan terbentuk 5 bit yang tersedia untuk HostID pada masing-
masing jaringan.
© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-14
Berapakah NetID yang baru…??
Cara yang mudah untuk menghitung NetID untuk masing-masing
network setelah subnetting adalah dengan mengambil nilai desimal
dari bit terakhir yang dipinjam dan menambahkannya pada NetID
yang sebenarnya.
Original NetID: 200.100.10.0
New Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.224

11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000

Decimal Value = 32

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-15


Fourth Octet
Original NetID: 200.100.10.0 .00000000
+ 32 = 200.100.10.32 .00100000
+ 32 = 200.100.10.64 .01000000
+ 32 = 200.100.10.96 .01100000
+ 32 = 200.100.10.128 .10000000
+ 32 = 200.100.10.160 .10100000
+ 32 = 200.100.10.192 .11000000
+ 32 = 200.100.10.224 .11100000

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-16


Jaringan yang baru adalah :

200.100.10.0 with HostIDs from 1- 30


200.100.10.32 with HostIDs from 33 - 62
200.100.10.64 with HostIDs from 65 - 94
200.100.10.96 with HostIDs from 97 - 126
200.100.10.128 with HostIDs from 129 - 156
200.100.10.160 with HostIDs from 161 - 190
200.100.10.192 with HostIDs from 193 - 222
200.100.10.224 with HostIDs from 224 - 253

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-17


Implementasi
Suatu instansi mendapatkan IP dari ISP
194.208.112.3
Lakukanlah subnetting untuk IP tersebut
dengan membentuk 27 host setiap
subnetnya..!

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-18


Terima Kasih

© 1999, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND—8-19

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