Plagiarism

Avoiding Plagiarism Exercise
Question 1
Compare the work submitted by this student with the original text.
Original text Submitted text
“Reality TV claims to feature ‘ordinary’ Reality TV claims to feature ‘ordinary’

people doing ‘ordinary’ things. As a people doing ‘ordinary’ things. The
genre, the ‘people show’ minimises the emphasis on everyday life minimises
distance between the audience and the the distance between the audience and
‘actors’ through its emphasis on the actors making the viewer feel like
everyday life so that the viewer is invited they too could become one of them by
to recognise the participant as belonging becoming a contestant, or being in the
to her or his own habitus. A viewer studio audience. (Tinknell &
sitting at home is not only invited to Raghuram)
identify with the actors; she or he can
become one of them by volunteering to
tell her story, become a contestant, or by
taking part in the show as one of the
studio audience”. (Tinknell & Raghuram
2004, p. 258)
Source: Holmes, S. and Jermyn, D. eds. 2004. Understanding reality television. Routledge: London.
In your opinion has the student:
a.  Written about the original text in their own words?
b.  Copied phrases from the original text without quotations marks?
c.  Failed to provide a correct reference?
d.  Provided a correct reference?
e.  Included too many words from the original text?
f.  Used the author’s ideas without providing a reference?
Created by Cardiff University Library Service.

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Question 2
Now compare the following three pieces of draft essay text with the original and decide
which would be the appropriate piece of work for the student to hand in:
Original text
“Having a home is a basic human need; we all need somewhere to live. For
those people within society without a home life is barely tolerable, and for a
society (especially a modern welfare state) a continuing problem of
homelessness is an indictment of the ability of that society to meet the
welfare needs of all its citizens. Yet homelessness remains a significant
problem in affluent, welfare, Britain at the beginning of the twenty-first
century, with hundreds of people sleeping rough on the streets of towns and
cities every night because they do not have a home of their own to go to”
(Alcock 2003, p. 73).
Source: Alcock, P. 2003. Social policy in Britain. 2nd ed. London: Palgrave
Which draft essay would you submit?
Draft essay 1 Draft essay 2
“Having a home is a basic human “Having a home is a basic human need;

need; we all need somewhere to we all need somewhere to live” (Alcock
live”. However, despite the fact 2003, p. 73). However, as Alcock
Britain is a wealthy society with an (2003) points out, despite the fact
established welfare state, there are Britain is a wealthy society with an
still many homeless people living on established welfare state, there are still
the streets. many homeless people living on our
streets.
 Draft essay 1 Draft essay 3
 Draft essay 2 Having a home is a basic human need;

we all need somewhere to live. (Alcock
 Draft essay 3 2003, p. 73). However, even in affluent,
welfare Britain, there are still hundreds of
people sleeping rough.

Question 3
Now can you spot whether this next student has plagiarised and if so, why?
Original text
“Patient compliance is the extent to

which the actual behaviour of the Essay extract
patient coincides with medical advice
and instructions: it may be complete, “Patient compliance is the extent to
partial, erratic, nil, or there may be which the actual behaviour of the
over compliance. To make a patient coincides with medical advice
diagnosis and to prescribe evidence- and instructions: it may be complete,
based effective treatment is a partial, erratic, nil, or there may be
satisfying experience for doctors, but over compliance” (Bennett and
too many assume that patients will Brown, 2003, pp. 18-19). Too many
gratefully or accurately do what they doctors wrongly assume that patients
are told, i.e. obtain medicine and will obtain and consume medicine as
consume it as instructed. This instructed.
assumption is wrong” (Bennett and
Brown, 2003, pp. 18-19).
Source: Bennett, P.N. and Brown, M.J. 2003. Clinical pharmacology.

9th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
Is this plagiarism?
 Yes
 No
Why?

Question 4
Original text 1 Original text 2
“Transport contributes to poor air “More affordable cars, rising

quality. Although discharges of incomes and a land use policy that
many of the most damaging air has favoured out of town shopping
pollutants have declined over the centres and greenfield housing
last decade, there are still ‘hot developments, have all led to a
spots’ in some city centres and growing dependency on the car as
along motorway corridors where a means of transport. Road
concentrations of nitrogen dioxide vehicles currently account for 22
and particulates from road vehicles per cent of all UK carbon dioxide
exceed safe levels. The (CO2) emissions, the main
Department of Health estimates greenhouse gas responsible for the
that there are between 12,000 and human contribution to climate
24,000 early deaths each year change” (Foley and Fergusson
resulting from poor air quality in our 2003, p. 1).
cities” (Environment Agency 2005,
paragraph 2).
References:
Environment Agency. 2005. Reducing the environmental impacts of road and air transport: position
statement. Environment Agency. [WWW] <URL: http://www.environment-
agency.gov.uk/aboutus/512398/289428/655143/?lang=_e> [Accessed 21 July 2005]
Foley, J. and Fergusson, M. 2003. Putting the brakes on climate change: a policy report on road transport
and climate change. London: IPPR [WWW] <URL:
http://www.ippr.org.uk/ecomm/files/PuttingtheBrakeson.pdf> [Accessed 21 July 2005]
Essay extract
Despite the fact that harmful emissions have fallen during the last 10 years,
our continuing reliance on the car as a means of transport makes a significant
contribution to air pollution (Environment Agency 2005; Foley and Fergusson
2003). For example, in 2003 road transport was responsible for 22 per cent of
the UK’s carbon dioxide out (Foley and Fergusson 2003) and according to a
recent report by the Environment Agency (2005) there are still areas where
nitrogen dioxide levels from emissions are dangerously high.
This essay extract has combined information from two different sources. Do you think
plagiarism has been committed?
 Yes Why?
 No

Solutions
Question 1
b, c, e, f
Question 2
Draft essay 2.
Question 3
Yes. The first sentence is correct as the student has placed the text in quotation marks
and provided a full citation. However, the second sentence uses too many words from
the original text and does not provide a reference. The student should have written the
sentence in their own words and acknowledged the author by providing a reference.
Question 4
No. The original texts have been summarised in the student's own words and
appropriate references have been provided. It is fine to combine information from two
different sources as long as you provide a reference for both authors.


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Avoiding Plagiarism Exercise

Original text Submitted text

“Reality TV claims to feature ‘ordinary’ Reality TV claims to feature ‘ordinary’

In your opinion has the student:

a.  Written about the original text in their own words?

b.  Copied phrases from the original text without quotations marks?

c.  Failed to provide a correct reference?

d.  Provided a correct reference?

e.  Included too many words from the original text?

f.  Used the author’s ideas without providing a reference?

Created by Cardiff University Library Service.

Which draft essay would you submit?

Draft essay 1 Draft essay 2

“Having a home is a basic human “Having a home is a basic human need;

 Draft essay 1 Draft essay 3

 Draft essay 2 Having a home is a basic human need;

Created by Cardiff University Library Service.

“Patient compliance is the extent to

Source: Bennett, P.N. and Brown, M.J. 2003. Clinical pharmacology.

Created by Cardiff University Library Service.

Original text 1 Original text 2

“Transport contributes to poor air “More affordable cars, rising

Created by Cardiff University Library Service.

Created by Cardiff University Library Service.

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