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    The Basic Concept of Social Science Research

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    Karisma Amjad
    The document provides an overview of key concepts in social science research: 1) It defines social research as the study of human behavior and feelings as members of society under different circumstances. 2) The scientific method and research are described as systematic inquiries to establish facts, collect information, and discover or revise theories through investigation and interpretation of data. 3) Key aspects of research covered include hypotheses, variables, the deductive and inductive methods, theories, and literature reviews.

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    The Basic Concept of Social Science Research

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    Karisma Amjad
    2K views13 pages
    The document provides an overview of key concepts in social science research: 1) It defines social research as the study of human behavior and feelings as members of society under different circumstances. 2) The scientific method and research are described as systematic inquiries to establish facts, collect information, and discover or revise theories through investigation and interpretation of data. 3) Key aspects of research covered include hypotheses, variables, the deductive and inductive methods, theories, and literature reviews.

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    The document provides an overview of key concepts in social science research: 1) It defines social research as the study of human behavior and feelings as members of society under different circumstances. 2) The scientific method and research are described as systematic inquiries to establish facts, collect information, and discover or revise theories through investigation and interpretation of data. 3) Key aspects of research covered include hypotheses, variables, the deductive and inductive methods, theories, and literature reviews.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2K views13 pages

    The Basic Concept of Social Science Research

    Uploaded by

    Karisma Amjad
    The document provides an overview of key concepts in social science research: 1) It defines social research as the study of human behavior and feelings as members of society under different circumstances. 2) The scientific method and research are described as systematic inquiries to establish facts, collect information, and discover or revise theories through investigation and interpretation of data. 3) Key aspects of research covered include hypotheses, variables, the deductive and inductive methods, theories, and literature reviews.

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    of 13

    Karisma Amjad

    Lecturer
    Department of Social Work
    Asian University of Bangladesh

    The Basic Concept of


    Social Science Research
    Science

    • “Diligent and systematic inquiry or investigation into


    a subject in order to discover or revise facts,
    theories, applications” ( Webster)

    • “Science (research) is nothing else but refinement of


    everyday thinking.” (Einstein)
    Scientific Method
    • Assessment of relevant existing knowledge (literature
    review)
    • Formulation of concepts and propositions
    • statement of hypothesis
    • Design the Research to test the hypothesis
    • Acquisition of meaningful empirical data
    • Analysis and evaluation of data
    • Provide explanation and state new problems raised by
    the research
    Research
    • Attempt to find out in a systematically and scientific
    manner
    • Systematic investigation to establish facts
    • The collecting of information about a particular subject
    • Studious inquiry or examination; Specifically:
    investigation or examination aimed at the discovery and
    interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or
    laws in the light of new facts, or practical application of
    such new or revised theories or laws.
    Social Research

    • Encyclopedia of Social Research (Vol.1)-


    Social Research deals with the social phenomena. It
    studies behavior of human beings as members of
    society and their feelings, responses, attitudes under
    different circumstance.
    The deductive Method
    • The deductive Method is called top- down approach
    involves the following three steps:

    1. State the hypothesis ( based on theory or


    research literature)
    2. Collect data to test the hypothesis
    3. make decision to accept or reject the
    hypothesis
    The inductive method
    • The inductive method is called bottom up approach
    which follows three steps:

    1. Observe the world


    2. Search for a pattern in what is observed
    3. Make a generalization about what is
    occurring
    Variables
    • Variable (mathematics), a symbol that stands for a value that
    may vary
    • Variable( programming), a symbolic name associated with a
    value and whose associated value may be changed
    • something that is likely to vary; something that is subject to
    variation; the weather is one variable to be considered"
    • A quality that can assume any of a set of values
    • Likely to change or vary ; subject to variation; changeable.
    Hypothesis
    • Kenneth D. Bailey (defined in his book “Methods of
    Social Research)-
    A hypothesis is a proposition that is stated in testable
    from and particular relationship between two (or more)
    variables.

    • George A. Lundberg-
    The hypothesis is a tentative justification, the validity of
    which remains to be tested.
    Theory
    • A set of proportions used to explain behaviors or
    phenomena to provide prediction and understanding.

    • The word ‘theory’ most simple means “explanation.”


    theories explain How and why something operates as it
    does.

    • G. R. Adams and J.D. Schavene Veldt-


    Theory is an explanation for events; a rational for why
    something occurred, it is the scientific explanation of a
    The Research Wheel

    Patterns Theory
    Deduction

    Observation/Data Hypothesis

    Induction
    Literature Review
    • A literature review is an objective, through summery and critical
    analysis of the relevant available research and non research
    literature on the topic being studies.
    • A literature review is a body of text that aims to review the critical
    points of current knowledge and or methodological approach on a…
    • An extensive search of the information available on a topic which
    results in a list of references to books, periodicals, and other
    materials in the topic.
    • Process of reviewing writing and published knowledge on a topic
    (i.e from a journal article).
    Thanks

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