INPUT

S.No Study Name Exercise SLD Remarks Day wise Topics Covered
Components Numerical Values
LFA : DAY 1
Introduction: P.S. Studies, Software, ETAP
• Basic Components of Power System
• Introduction about Various Power System studies
Grid 400kV
• Introduction about various simulation software used
• Why ETAP
• Various Power System Studies using Etap
• Various Voltage Levels (IEC 60038)
• Reactance Triangle and Power triangle
• Transmission Line Classification
R=0.1Ω/km,X=0.4Ω/km, • Standards - IEC / ANSI
Transmission line
Y=3.6mho,length=300km • Project creation ,Open
a)Unit - Metric / English
Connect surge impedance loading SIL=kV(square)/Zc = b)Frequency - 50, 60HZ
1 Ferranti effect
(400)2/333.3 = 480 MW ( Static load) c)Grid Line
d)Check Circuit continuity
• Modeling of components in ETAP
Grid , Bus ,Transmission line ,Load, Transformer, Cable etc..
• Ferranti Effect
• Surge Impedance and Surge Impedance Loading (SIL)
Bus 400kV in both buses • Ferranti Effect –ETAP simulation (With Transmission line – with Cable)
• Surge Impedance and Surge Impedance loading Manual Calculation & Ferranti Effect
mitigation
• Power factor Correction – Capacitor Bank sizing,(Q requirement Calculation)
Connection methods and Etap simulation
• Types of Loads-ZIP Load & Modeling in Etap.

Day 2 - LOAD FLOW ANALYSIS Topics covered

• Introduction & Standard for LFA
• Objectives of LFA
Grid 33 kV
• Methods of solving LF problems & Comparison of different methods
• Types of buses & Need for slack bus
• Various methods of Voltage control.
• Voltage control by Transformer Tap setting – OLTC setting Calculation and ETAP
simulation
• Annexure-1 modeling
In SLD without C, 33kV bus having very poor power factor
Scenario wizard
nearly 74.7% in order to improve p.f in this bus , size capacitor
2 Power factor correction Study wizard
bank so that it can be improve.
31.5 MVA,33/11.5 kV, Configuration manager
Transformer Connect Capacitor Bank Q =11.282 Mvar
%Z ,%X/R = typical Result analysis & Discussion
• Unbalance LFA- Basics

25 MVA, pf=80%,100 % const.

Lump Load
power load

110kv Grid voltage fluctuate

Grid
from -17.5% to +12.5 %

3
Voltage Control using Set +ve max tap : -15 % & -ve
Transformer Tap changer Load changes from 10MW to Max tap :+7.5%
Load 38 MW and Connect a 100%
constant power load at Bus 2

Maintain 11kv voltage within

11 Kv Bus
±5%

A polynomial load consist of 30% Constant power,

25% Constant impedance and remaining constant
4 ZIP Load Simulation current loads? Total connected load is 100MW? Taken from Power project question paper
When the supplied voltage is 1.03pu what is the
power consumption?

LFA- contingency analysis ,

5
Scenario vizard ,study Annexure -1 --- Taken from Power project question paper
wizard,Revision and
presentation Etc…