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PWM Motor Control Circuit

This document discusses a PWM motor control circuit that uses a 555 IC to provide pulse width modulation (PWM) control of a DC motor's speed. The circuit outputs a 144Hz PWM signal from the 555 IC's discharge pin to control a MOSFET, which regulates current to the motor. This open-loop PWM control allows for variable speed control of the motor. Proper heat sinking is required to prevent the MOSFET from overheating under loads up to 37 amps.

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84 views1 page

PWM Motor Control Circuit

This document discusses a PWM motor control circuit that uses a 555 IC to provide pulse width modulation (PWM) control of a DC motor's speed. The circuit outputs a 144Hz PWM signal from the 555 IC's discharge pin to control a MOSFET, which regulates current to the motor. This open-loop PWM control allows for variable speed control of the motor. Proper heat sinking is required to prevent the MOSFET from overheating under loads up to 37 amps.

Uploaded by

ALOK
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PWM Motor Control Circuit

Speed control for dc motor (electric motor) can be implemented using open loop or closed loop.
Closed loop controller, also known as servo controller,
or a feedback control, gives the best performance since the loop will
maintain the actual speed to follow the reference. In simple
application, an open loop controller can be enough if the load is constant, such as in fan control
(PC fan speed control). This dc motor control circuit
uses PWM (pulse width modulation), gives a better efficiency than
using linear driver. Here is the schematic diagram of this PWM motor controller.

The circuit uses the very popular 555


IC, but here the circuit is configured in unusual way. The PWM output is
taken from the discharge pin, an open collector point that should be
pulled high using a Vcc-connected resistor, while the original output
pin (pin 3) is functioned to discharge the timing capacitor. The
recommended supply voltage for 555 IC is between 9-12 volt, and you can
connect the +V motor to this 555 supply voltage if the motor use 9-12
volt. The frequency of this PWM controller is about 144Hz, and you can
change the frequency by changin the C1 capacitor, use smaller caps for
higher frequency. The motor current can be as high as 37A if you allow the MOSFET to rise its
case temperature to 100 C, and you must provide enough heat sink to maintain the temperature
below this point. It is a good idea to provide protector diode in parallel
with the motor to short the back-emf generated by the DC motor that
might cause a voltage spike that could burn the MOSFET. This simple pwm
control gives you a variable speed drives for motion control
application.

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