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Applying Adiabatic and Steam Humidification Systems: Greg Drensky

The document discusses humidification systems, including adiabatic and steam humidification. It describes various humidification technologies such as isothermal systems using electrodes or heating elements, direct discharge steam humidifiers, and adiabatic pressure atomizing systems. It provides advantages of new humidification technologies and an example of cost savings achieved by installing a high pressure nozzle adiabatic system in a blood center in Linz, Austria.

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108 views28 pages

Applying Adiabatic and Steam Humidification Systems: Greg Drensky

The document discusses humidification systems, including adiabatic and steam humidification. It describes various humidification technologies such as isothermal systems using electrodes or heating elements, direct discharge steam humidifiers, and adiabatic pressure atomizing systems. It provides advantages of new humidification technologies and an example of cost savings achieved by installing a high pressure nozzle adiabatic system in a blood center in Linz, Austria.

Uploaded by

diagnoz7auto7carsvan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Applying Adiabatic and Steam Humidification

Systems

Greg Drensky – Jacco & Associates


Who is Jacco

• Established 1968
– Hudson, Ohio
– Columbus, Ohio
– Toledo, Ohio

• Focused on the Engineered


Environment

• Systems Knowledgeable
–HVAC Systems
–Service & Maintenance
–Parts
Purpose Statement
The purpose of our Company is to solve our customers
problems, in the most economical way, at all times
optimizing the owning experience.
Who is Jacco

• Operations
–Brenda Homjak
–Mike Spangler
–Chad Russell
–Mike Mueller
–Hana Lee

• Contractor Owning Experience


–Dan Duignan
–Rick Baker

• Engineering Owning Experience


–Greg Drensky
–Jerry Cohen

• Owning Experience
–Beth Plazak
–Jeff Watson
Who is Jacco

•30 Minute Pledge


– Design
– Questions
– Problems
– Answers
Who is Jacco

Upcoming Seminars & Events:


•December 12th: Applying Low Dewpoint OA Systems Using DX and Desiccant
Technology
The Science and Technology
Of Humidification
Relative Humidity

The amount of water vapor present in the air expressed as a percentage


of the amount needed for saturation at the same temperature.
Grains Grains
• Higher temperature air expands and °F per Cu Ft °F per Cu Ft
absorbs more water: 0 0.475 60 5.795
5 0.609 65 6.845
• Moisture travels 100 ft in 4.5 seconds 10 0.776 70 8.055
over a high gradient. 15 0.984 75 9.448
20 1.242 80 11.04
• Moisture tries to coat things with a 25 1.558 85 12.87
30 1.946 90 14.94
micro-film, which can also absorb 35 2.376 95 17.28
impurities and become conductive. 40 2.863 100 19.95
45 3.436 105 22.95
• Moisture absorbed by particulates 50 4.106 110 26.34
55 4.889 115 30.13
increases mass, and gravitational
attraction.
Why Humidify?
Hygroscopic Materials...

Museums - Proper
humidity control is far
more important than
temperature control.
Contact Lenses - Dry
air makes them lose
moisture and curl,
making them very
uncomfortable.
Why Humidify?
Static Electricity...

Bowling - 5 points
higher pin scores in
humidified alleys.

Microchips - static
discharge of only 10
volts destroys chips.
Avg. static discharge
= 5,000 V.
Why Humidify?
Health & Comfort...

Sick Building Syndrome Comfort Level


• Outgassing • Dry Skin/Membranes
• Dust Count • Contact Lenses
Hospitals & Operating Rooms • Zoos
• Plastic Surgery Respiratory Ailments
• Organism Levels • Body Adjustment
• Asthma
Why Humidify?
Health & Comfort...
How Much Humidity?
Calculations:
• Determine grains of moisture/ft3 of air at design temperature and
humidity
• Determine grains of moisture/ft3 of air at outside temperature
and humidity
• Determine largest volume of outside air
• Run this formula:
Lbs/hr = (ft3/hr) x (gr/ft3 design - gr/ft3 outside)
7,000 gr/lb
Grains Grains
°F per Cu Ft °F per Cu Ft
0 0.475 60 5.795
5 0.609 65 6.845
10 0.776 70 8.055
15 0.984 75 9.448
20 1.242 80 11.04
25 1.558 85 12.87
30 1.946 90 14.94
35 2.376 95 17.28
40 2.863 100 19.95
45 3.436 105 22.95
50 4.106 110 26.34
55 4.889 115 30.13
Humidification types can be divided into:

Isothermal humidification
Steam
• Energy is internally supplied
• Dry bulb increases slightly
• Wet bulb increases

Adiabatic humidification
Evaporation / Atomization
• Energy is absorbed from
the air – constant enthalpy
• Dry bulb decreases
• Wet bulb remains same
Humidification Technology

• First Outdoor
Humidifiers:

• First Indoor Humidifiers:


Humidification Technology
Isothermal - Electrode
Humidification Technology
Isothermal - Electrode
Advantages of new technology:
• Mineral shedding rather than mineral holding
• Up to 3 times longer maintenance cycle
• Cleanable cylinder / consumable electrodes – no landfill
• No fill cup – mounting above or below steam distributor
• Bottom cool area to reabsorb mineral precipitate
• Drain pump to grind up mineral deposits
• Better diagnostics with pre-warnings
• Interlock Options: Turn on fan, lock out on cooling/dehum
• Full modulating to any sensor/controller
• Programmable capacity limits
• BacNet or ModBus communications
Humidification Technology
Isothermal – Heating Element

Advantages of new technology:


• Precision SSR control to +-0.5%
• Works on ANY water, including
R/O, hard, softened
• Mineral shedding, drain pump
• Complete programmability,
including load shedding
• Fully protected heater elements
• Non-float level control
Water-qualities for electrode and heater type humidifiers

Tap water with a conductivity of 125 to1250 μS/cm (Micro Siemens/cm or


µmhos/cm) at 59°F / 15 °C

0 - 100 125- 200 200 - 800 800 - 1250

Electrode type (HY, C, MS)

Heater type (HL)

Electrodes with larger surface Cylinder star

HL units Conductivity: We recommend to use water higher than µmhos/cm


3µS/cm as this water is too agressive.
HL units Hardness: We recommend water treatment at > 15.64 gr/gal(US) (grain
CaCO3/gal(US)) >15°dH (German hardness).

Conductivity is measured in the US in micromhos per centimeter (µmhos/cm) or


microsiemens per centimeter (µs/cm)
http://www.convertunits.com/from/micromhos/to/microsiemens
Humidification Technology
Isothermal – Direct Discharge

• Air gap insulating


• Steam nozzles
• Heat tracing
• Complete shutdown
• Multiple manifolds
• Reverse discharge
• 100% stainless steel
• Future: Variable
orifice slot discharge
Humidification Technology
Isothermal – Steam to Steam

Boiler steam in heat exchanger boils clean water in reservoir


• Eliminates any boiler chemical carryover
• About 80% efficiency in conversion
• Uses any type of water
• Expensive technology
• Mostly used in older
buildings with older steam
systems
• Newer treatment chemicals
evaporate less and are
less carcinogenic
Humidification Technology
Adiabatic – Pressure Atomizing
HPS 4-CYCLES (PROPORTIONAL CONTROL)

Control range
4.07gal/h to 229 l/h 50.37 gal/h 18,5 l/h

Pressure
32 l/h 7.03 gal/h 57,6 l/h 12.67 gal/h 115,2 l/h 25.34 gal/h 229 l/h 50.37 gal/h
75 bar /1087 psi

25 bar 362 psi 18,5 l/h 4.07gal/h 33,3 l/h 7.32gal/h 66,6 l/h 14.65gal/h 133,2 l/h 29.3gal/h

Default : Default :
12,5% Control 50% Control range, Signal input
Default : range, here: 1,25 V Default : here: 5,0 V 10 V
5% = 0,5V 25% Control range,
here: 2,5 V
31
Humidification Technology
Adiabatic – Pressure Atomizing
Advantages of technology:
• HPS: Up to 95% evaporation efficiency
• LPS: Up to 80% evaporation efficiency
• Pump fully monitored for pressure, temperature
• Only system certified by ILH - VDI 6022 for hospitals
• No hygroscopic or hydrophilic materials, all inert
• “Dead leg flushing” to prevent stagnant water
• System drain down on shut-down prevents stagnation
• Water sampling tap
• Leakage detection
• Stages + Modulation for precision control
HPS in a blood Centre in Linz / Austria
• 8 Air handling units, isotherm humidification

• 11 Steam humidifiers installed

The cost effectiveness of the HPS

Operating costs for steam humidification – previous state:


Energy costs for isothermal air humidification: $105,894 p.a.
Maintenance: $8,250 p.a.

Operating costs for atomizing humidification – new state:


Energy costs for adiabatic air humidification: $2,524 p.a.
Energy costs for pre-warming the air: $14,867 p.a.
Maintenance costs: $1,540 p.a.

Savings in operating costs by using the HygroMatik


High pressure nozzle system: $94,964 p.a.

Total investment costs: $160,600

Amortization: 1.69 years


Humidification Technology
Adiabatic – Ultrasonic Atomizing

Piezo-electric transducers induce sound waves that atomize the surface


water into a fine mist
• Produces droplets of approximately 1 micron in size
• Very efficient. Instant on/off
• Needs clean atmosphere
• Uses only demineralized water
• Very expensive technology
• Unfiltered air moving through the reservoir
carries the mist out
• Microbes float on the surface of the
reservoir
• Atomizing the surface puts highest
concentrations of any contaminates
into the air
Humidification Technology
Adiabatic – Evaporative Media

Water runs through or is


sprayed onto a hygroscopic
media
• Pure evaporation, no droplets
are produced
• Very efficient, and also cleans
the air
• Uses any type of water
• Low cost technology
• Works like an air filter – air
washer
• Limited to AHU applications
• Reservoir prone to
contamination
Northwest Ohio
61 Milford Dr Hudson, OH 44236
216.905.8384
[email protected]

Central Ohio
1399 Birchwood Dr Columbus, OH 43228
614.571.4536
[email protected]
HygroMatik USA
Northeast Ohio PO Box 10084
61 Milford Dr Hudson, OH 44236 Lancaster, PA 17601
330.463.0100
[email protected]

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