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Addition

This document discusses the rules for performing addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division with integers. For addition and subtraction, the sign of the result depends on whether the operands have the same or opposite signs. For multiplication and division, the result is positive if the operands have the same sign and negative if they have opposite signs. Examples are provided to illustrate each of the rules.

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Catherine Labuayan
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24 views

Addition

This document discusses the rules for performing addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division with integers. For addition and subtraction, the sign of the result depends on whether the operands have the same or opposite signs. For multiplication and division, the result is positive if the operands have the same sign and negative if they have opposite signs. Examples are provided to illustrate each of the rules.

Uploaded by

Catherine Labuayan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Addition

Whether you're adding positives or negatives, this is the simplest calculation you can do
with integers. In both cases, you're simply calculating the sum of the numbers. For example,
if you're adding two positive integers, it looks like this:

 5+4=9

If you're calculating the sum of two negative integers, it looks like this:

 (–7) + (–2) = -9

To get the sum of a negative and a positive number, use the sign of the larger number and
subtract. For example:

 (–7) + 4 = –3
 6 + (–9) = –3
 (–3) + 7 = 4
 5 + (–3) = 2

The sign will be that of the larger number. Remember that adding a negative number is the
same as subtracting a positive one.

Subtraction
The rules for subtraction are similar to those for addition. If you've got two positive integers,
you would subtract the smaller number from the larger one. The result will always be a
positive integer:

 5–3=2

Likewise, if you were to subtract a positive integer from a negative one, the calculation
becomes a matter of addition (with the addition of a negative value):

 (–5) – 3 = –5 + (–3) = –8

If you're subtracting negatives from positives, the two negatives cancel out and it becomes
addition:

 5 – (–3) = 5 + 3 = 8

If you're subtracting a negative from another negative integer, use the sign of the larger
number and subtract:

 (–5) – (–3) = (–5) + 3 = –2


 (–3) – (–5) = (–3) + 5 = 2
If you get confused, it often helps to write a positive number in an equation first and then
the negative number. This can make it easier to see whether a sign change occurs.

Multiplication
Multiplying integers is fairly simple if you remember the following rule. If both integers are
either positive or negative, the total will always be a positive number. For example:

 3x2=6
 (–2) x (–8) = 16

However, if you are multiplying a positive integer and a negative one, the result will always
be a negative number:

 (–3) x 4 = –12
 3 x (–4) = –12

If you're multiplying a larger series of positive and negative numbers, you can add up how
many are positive and how many are negative. The final sign will be the one in excess.

Division
As with multiplication, the rules for dividing integers follow the same positive/negative
guide. Dividing two negatives or two positives yields a positive number:

 12 / 3 = 4
 (–12) / (–3) = 4

Dividing one negative integer and one positive integer results in a negative figure:

 (–12) / 3 = –4
 12 / (–3) = –4

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