The document provides information about photography, including its history, technical details, types of cameras, and key photographic concepts like exposure. It begins with definitions of photography, noting it involves drawing with light. It then covers camera types like point-and-shoot, DSLR, and mirrorless cameras. Key exposure concepts like aperture, shutter speed, and ISO are explained. Shooting modes like aperture priority, shutter priority, and manual are outlined. Other topics covered include lenses, film versus digital, white balance, and depth of field.
The document provides information about photography, including its history, technical details, types of cameras, and key photographic concepts like exposure. It begins with definitions of photography, noting it involves drawing with light. It then covers camera types like point-and-shoot, DSLR, and mirrorless cameras. Key exposure concepts like aperture, shutter speed, and ISO are explained. Shooting modes like aperture priority, shutter priority, and manual are outlined. Other topics covered include lenses, film versus digital, white balance, and depth of field.
The document provides information about photography, including its history, technical details, types of cameras, and key photographic concepts like exposure. It begins with definitions of photography, noting it involves drawing with light. It then covers camera types like point-and-shoot, DSLR, and mirrorless cameras. Key exposure concepts like aperture, shutter speed, and ISO are explained. Shooting modes like aperture priority, shutter priority, and manual are outlined. Other topics covered include lenses, film versus digital, white balance, and depth of field.
The document provides information about photography, including its history, technical details, types of cameras, and key photographic concepts like exposure. It begins with definitions of photography, noting it involves drawing with light. It then covers camera types like point-and-shoot, DSLR, and mirrorless cameras. Key exposure concepts like aperture, shutter speed, and ISO are explained. Shooting modes like aperture priority, shutter priority, and manual are outlined. Other topics covered include lenses, film versus digital, white balance, and depth of field.
It’s a way of life.” Henri Cartier-Bresson French, b.1908, d.2004 - the father of modern photojournalism. - aided the development of street photography, a style of documentary Photography that showed subjects in candid situations in public places PHOTOGRAPHY
Grig C. Montegrande Photojournalist Photography taken from the greek words: Photos = Light Graphis = Drawing; Art
Photography is drawing with light or
the art of capturing light. Technical Details of Photography 1. Camera – Point and Shoot – SLR 2. Film/ Digital Storage – SD (Secure Digital), CF (Compact Flash), etc. 3. Lens – Fixed or Zoom 4. Flash – External “ The best camera is the one you have when you need it”
It is important to read the manual and learn
how your camera works! TYPES OF CAMERA 1. Point-and-Shoot Cameras/ Lens/Shutter Compact/ Compact Cameras/
mechanism that opens to allow light to expose the film or image sensor usually with features like autofocus to camera controlled exposure (picture brightness) GOOD for travelling light and shooting quickly Point-and-Shoot Cameras/ Lens/Shutter Compact/ Compact Cameras Pros Cons
• Lightweight, can be taken • Not all models can be used
anywhere for professional • Simple to operate photography but some • Also take good pictures models exceeds expectations and are used professionally • do not accept other lenses • limited in scope SLR/DSLR (Single Lens Reflex) You view and take the picture through-the- lens (TTL)
Extremely Advanced “Intelligent” automation
which make it easier for beginners to take good pictures SLR/DSLR (Single Lens Reflex) Pros Cons • Can use different lenses according to your • User should know how to needs control the camera • Some models have built-in and, but an • It may take time for external flash units can still be used beginners to learn the ins • Can easily see what is in focus and outs of using this type of • Can adjust shutter speed to vary depiction camera of motion • Quite expensive • Set aperture to vary range of focus • Heavy and sometimes • In automatic mode, camera can tell you inconvenient the right exposure but user can make • Subjects sometimes get adjustments (brighter, darker, make it intimidated with the gadget more creative • Can use fully MANUAL mode, photographer controls everything TYPES OF CAMERA
DIGITAL SINGLE-LENS- REFLEX CAMERA (DSLR) TYPES OF CAMERA
DIGITAL POINT & SHOOT
CAMERA (COMPACT) TYPES OF CAMERA
MIRRORLESS PRO CAMERA FILM vs DIGITAL
FILM SENSOR LENSES EXPOSURE is key in capturing good image.
1. APERTURE
2. SHUTTER SPEED
3. ISO
Elements that combine to create a good image
EXPOSURE TRIANGLE APERTURE A hole inside the lens, thorough which light passes. Similar to the pupil of our eye. The wider the aperture, the more light is allowed in and vice versa. Represented by an “f/number” in the lens which is typically marked infront of the lens The scale is as follows: f/1.4, f/2, f/2.8, f/4, f/5.6, f/8, f/11, f/16, f/22. SHUTTER SPEED Once the light passes through the aperture of the lens, it reaches the shutter.
You need to decide how much of that light you are going to allow into the camera.
Knowing your shutter speed is a key element is basic photography
ISO Is light sensitivity Once the light passes through the aperture and filtered by the shutter speed, it reaches the sensor. Decide how to set the ISO. The higher number the ISO, you increase the exposure. But at the same time decreases the image quality. More digital noise or grain. ISO=25, 50, 100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 320, 400, 500, 640, 800, 1000, 1250, 1600, 2000, 2500...6400, 8000, 10000, 12800…. SHOOTING MODES Aperture Priority Shutter Priority Manual Mode Programmed Exposure Aperture Priority Mode You set the aperture the camera sets the shutter speed.
When should you use “A” mode:
Good light/Sunny day. When the light is good you don’t need to worry about blurring your images. The shutter speed is always going to be fast enough to capture the moment.
Sunny 16 rule – use f/16 (narrow aperture) for shooting in the sun.
In good light, you are rich with light. Use a lot of it by narrowing down your aperture to produce sharper image. Aperture Priority Mode Portraits When shooting portraits the lighting is usually pretty good, whether you are using flashes or natural light. In comfortable lighting situations we can take photos at the aperture of our choosing. Ideal aperture setting/opening for portrait is f8 as photos come out sharpest at this setting. Aperture Priority Mode Landscape Landscapes have a foreground and a background and middle ground. To see everything in focus you need a wider aperture – f/16. Aperture Priority Mode Shallow Depth of Field Shallow Depth of Field is achieved by opening up your camera’s aperture. This allows more light to come in at the same time. Suggested aperture setting/opening: f/2.8; f/1.8 Shutter Priority Mode Shutter Priority Mode allows you to change the shutter settings only.
With shutter priority, you can photograph a scene by only controlling the shutter.
By setting the shutter speed of your image, the camera is free to change the aperture to ensure correct light reading.
The shutter setting of the camera focuses on movement.
Fast shutter speed such as 1/2000th, freezes any movements infront of your camera.
Slow shutter speed will blur your subject, which shows the subject is not frozen but actually moving.
You are free to decide which one you would like in your scene. Shutter Priority Mode When to use Shutter Priority Mode or “S” or “Tv” (time value)
When a photographer want to freeze movement – event, sports, street or action scenes.
There are fields of photography where creating motion blur is artistically desired. Landscape photographers who might want to allow movement of clouds or waves to create something interesting.
A fast shutter speed will cut out camera shake.
A scene that has movement is a great setting for shutter priority.
Advantages and Disadvantages in Shutter Priority Advantages:
You only have to worry about one camera setting.
It is easy to change between fast and slow shutter speeds for changing subjects or environment.
Disadvantages:
You still need to change the ISO value. It will not change unless placed on Auto ISO
By using Auto ISO, there is no setting what the camera will prioritise after it select the shutter speed.
Shutter priority can be problematic in obtaining the correct exposure of a given scene. Depending on the metering mode you use, you could over or under expose your scene. Manual Mode Manual mode gives you total control. Manual mode lets you harness the power of the camera, allowing you to change the settings as the scenes and subjects change. Programmed Exposure The camera measures the light setting and then chooses the aperture/shutter combination from a preset table. DEPTH OF FIELD What is Depth of Field?
Simple definition: How much of your scene is in focus.
Complicated definition: Depth of Field is the distance between the closest objects in focus and the farthest point in focus.
Take this into consideration: You are out in the field shooting landscape and you want to be able to see the whole scene – foreground, middle ground and background. > You will have to use deep depth of field to keep your foreground, middle ground and background in focus.
You are in the street or park and capturing portraits of people. And you want to cut out distracting background, you will have to use shallow depth of field. Depth of Field Depth of Field Depth of Field EXPOSURE TAKING A PICTURE White Balance Also used before as a function in film before the digital era. Measures the color temperature of the image you wish to take to give you the “correct” color.
http://www.geofflawrence.com/white_balance.html AUTO The camera automatically determines the amount of light and the color information for the shot and takes the picture with a natural white balance FINE Setting for outdoor shots in fine weather when the light source is the sun SHADE Setting for outdoors – in shade or cloudy day. FLUORESCENT 1 Setting for “Daylight” fluorescent FLUORESCENT 2 Setting for “Warm White” fluorescent FLUORESCENT 3 Setting for “Cool White” fluorescent INCANDESCENT Setting if the light source is incandescent bulb or flood lamp. Why take photos? Bear witness Evidence “These images record, for all time, the split second in which the photographer’s shutter remains open.” - Natalie Fobes, Co-Founder, Blue Earth Alliance
Raise awareness Inform people what’s happening Encourage action Make a difference DECISIVE MOMENT The Decisive Moment refers to capturing an event that is ephemeral (lasting for a very short time) and spontaneous, where the image represents the essence of the event itself. A concept made popular by street photographer, photojournalist Henri Cartier Bresson DECISIVE MOMENT PREPARATION Clarify objective BE TRUTHFUL, CREDIBILITY is important, research your information well keep yourself abreast of the issues to have a better grasp of the issue. This will help you present your story better PHOTO TYPES Informational – simply provides information who or what is in the picture, no stories included Informational Informational Informational PHOTO TYPES
Passive - portrait of people taken Active - images of people
for publication in action
http://nugglepurl.blogspot.com/2011/02/askal-vs- mongolia-2-0.html http://www.azkals.ph/2011/01/azkals- greatwich-wont-play-vs-mongolia/ Active Passive PHOTO TYPES PORTRAIT - vertical LANDSCAPE - horizontal LANDSCAPE PORTRAIT PORTRAIT PERSPECTIVE Normal Eye View Normal Eye View Normal Eye View Normal Eye View PERSPECTIVE Bird’s View (from above) Bird’s Eye View Bird’s Eye View Bird’s Eye View Birds Eye View Birds Eye View Bird’s Eye View PERSPECTIVE Worm’s Eye View ( from below) Worm’s Eye View Worm’s Eye View Worm’s Eye View COMPOSITION COMPOSITION selection and arrangement of the subjects within the frame of the photograph to assure effective communication
arrangement of the elements in a photograph so
that a pleasing design is created. Photographers use it correctly to help make his visual message clearer. COMPOSITION COMPOSITION COMPOSITION COMPOSITION COMPOSITION RULE OF THIRDS The Rule of Thirds is a convention of photographic composition that uses imaginary lines to divide the picture frame into three equal vertical and horizontal slices. Important elements should be placed along the dividing lines rather than in the middle of the slices. The most important part of the photo, the focal point, should reside on or near one of the intersections created by the lines. RULE OF THIRDS RULE OF THIRDS RULE OF THIRDS LEADING LINE/S When photographing buildings or other strong linear subjects, compose your image so that the architectural elements lead the viewer’s eye through the photograph. These “leading lines” lead your eyes through the image — sometimes even out of the image. These lines can be the main subjects of the image, or they can be used to lead your viewer to a specific area within the photo that is an important focal point. LEADING LINES LEADING LINES LEADING LINES PATTERNS & TEXTURES Subjects with repetitive patterns can make for interesting photographs as well. Patterns that are found in nature, or are man-made can give your image a strong composition. Look within subjects in a scene to find patterns.
Textures can also work to your advantage in creating images with
strong compositions. Get in close, either by zooming in or even by using a macro lens, and look for the textures in a subject. When shooting patterns or textures, you don’t need to capture the entire subject, just a portion of it. Textures can be soft, like the feathers on a bird, or harsh like peeling paint, or wood grain. Photo by Gigie Cruz PATTERN PATTERN PATTERN It is the photographer’s perception and imagination that controls how he views the world and his selection of the significant that makes his composition effective. Things to consider before a shoot: equipment needed & availability… - assess environment - stills, video, hidden camera do I need protective gears? environment - wet or dry? can I go near the site? if not, a telephoto lens may be necessary consider SECURITY, know the possible risks no matter how little risk could there be PHOTOJOURNALISM “ WE ARE NOT IN THE BUSINESS OF PLEASING OURSELVES WITH OUR PHOTOGRAPHS. THE PURPOSE IS TO COMMUNICATE SOMETHING TO OTHERS.” SOMETHING TO OTHERS
NEWS PUBLIC/ READERS/ VIEWERS PHOTOJOURNALISM
journalism in which the news is told
by means of photograph. PHOTOJOURNALISM PHOTOGRAPHY WRITTEN JOURNALISM STRIKING IMAGES/ DATA/INFO GATHERING ARTISTIC TECHNIQUES
BLENDING
A REPORT OF QUALITY IMAGE/S AND
BECOME A JOURNALIST WITH A CAMERA Hallmark of PHOTOJOURNALISM
Belief in a photograph as : > ACTIVE > FIRSTHAND INFO OF LIFE > REPORT TO OTHERS A PHOTOGRAPH IS NOT A MECHANICAL REFLECTION OF REALITY; IT IS WHAT THE PHOTOGRAPHER WANTS TO SHOW. THUS, IT IS NECESSARY THAT A PHOTOGRAPHER MUST HAVE: > KNOWLEDGE > POWER OF OBSERVATION MESSAGE
• When taking a photograph,
the photographer should be clear on the message he/she wants to convey To effectively communicate, we must have the ff:
FREEDOM TECHNICAL ABILITY AESTHETIC SENSITIVITY ENERGY AND ETHICS INTELLECTUAL CURIOSITY PHOTOGRAPHERS ARE IN CONTROL WITH REGARD TO THE BEST TELLING OF THE STORY • POSITION OF THE SUBJECT • LIGHT AND SHADOW/DARK AREAS • INTRODUCTION OF THE RULE OF THIRDS, LEADING LINES OR OTHER RULES OR ELEMENTS IN COMPOSITION End product of Photography is a Visual Language
“a picture is worth a thousand
words” Now you’re ready! Keep on shooting! Experiment ; ) Read and explore photography sites Share your photos Ask questions Get feedback from friends and mentors, don’t be afraid of getting a “critique” THINK, SEE, MOVE, SHOOT! HAPPY SHOOTING!!!
