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Motilal Jhunjhunwala College: PIR Sensor

The circuit uses a PIR sensor to detect intrusions and sends SMS alerts with the intrusion count to a mobile number using an 8051 microcontroller and GSM module. When an intrusion is detected, an alarm is also raised. The PIR sensor detects changes in infrared radiation to sense movement. The GSM module allows sending SMS messages and communicates serially with the 8051 microcontroller. The microcontroller monitors the PIR sensor and sends alerts via the GSM module while also displaying the intrusion count on an LCD screen.

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Roshan Pawar
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44 views2 pages

Motilal Jhunjhunwala College: PIR Sensor

The circuit uses a PIR sensor to detect intrusions and sends SMS alerts with the intrusion count to a mobile number using an 8051 microcontroller and GSM module. When an intrusion is detected, an alarm is also raised. The PIR sensor detects changes in infrared radiation to sense movement. The GSM module allows sending SMS messages and communicates serially with the 8051 microcontroller. The microcontroller monitors the PIR sensor and sends alerts via the GSM module while also displaying the intrusion count on an LCD screen.

Uploaded by

Roshan Pawar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ICLES’

MOTILAL JHUNJHUNWALA COLLEGE


DEPARTMENT OF C.S. / I.T
LABORATORY WORK

Name Signature:
Roll No. Date:

A PIR sensor based burglar alarm with SMS alert. The circuit senses the intrusion using a PIR sensor and
sends an SMS to to the given mobile number when an intrusion occurs. The number of intrusions taken place
is also displayed on an LCD display. An 8051 microcontroller is used for monitoring the PIR sensor and
sending the alert message using the GSM module. An alarm is also raised when the intrusion occurs.

PIR sensor.
PIR sensor means passive infrared sensor. It is used to detect and measure the IR (infra red) radiations
emitting from a source. The hear of the PIR sensor is a sensor core made of pyroelectric materials like
Gallium Nitride. They simple produce an electrical output according to the intensity of IR radiations falling on it.
In most cases an array of such sensors cores are used to improve detection. Numerous Fresnel Lenses
arranged in the form of a dome is place on the sensor face to focus as much as IR radiations on to the sensor
face. When ever a movement occurs in front of the PIR sensor, the intensity of the IR radiations falling on the
PIR sensor changes and so do the sensors electrical out of the sensor. The electronic circuit inside the sensor
detects this variation and pulls the output pin of the PIR sensor HIGH for sometime. Usually the output pin is
pulled HIGH for 3 to 4 second. Read this article Interfacing PIR sensor to 8051.
GSM Module.
GSM (Global Systems fro Mobile communication) Module is a device that can accept a SIM card and operate
in a GSM network. A GSM module can perform various tasks in the network such as sending messages,
accepting messages, dialing a phone number, receiving calls, sending and receiving voice messages, sending
digital media etc. In simple words a GSM module can perform any task that is supported by the module itself
and the network service provider. The network actually sees the GSM module just like a mobile phone. The
common applications of GSM module are appliance switching devices, messaging systems, voice mailing
systems, FAX systems etc.

GSM Module – Buyers Guide – are you looking to buy a GSM module? There are a handful of product
variants for GSM module – like SIM900, SIM300, SIM800 etc. We have created this buyers guide to help you
select the right GSM module for your project needs.

The GSM module we are using here is based on a SIM900 GSM chip. Read this article Interfacing GSM
module to 8051.
Circuit diagram.

The GSM module communicates with the 8051 using serial communication. Tx pin of the GSM module is
connected to Rx pin of the microcontroller (pin10) and Rx pin of the GSM module is connected to Tx pin of the
microcontroller. Output pin of the PIR sensor is connected to P3.5 of the microcontroller. Data pins (D0 to D7)
of the LCD module are connected to Port 0 of the microcontroller. Each pins of Port 0 are pulled up using a
10K x 8 resistor network. Port 0 of the 8051 is open drain and has no internal pull up resistor. So we need
external pull -up resistors to make it work properly as output pins. Control pins (RS,RW and E ) of the LCD
module are connected to P2.7, P2.6 and P2.5 of the microcontroller respectively. The LCD module we are
using here is JHD162A. Read this article, Interfacing LCD module to 8051. Resistor R4 is used for setting the
contrast of the display. Resistor R5 limits the current through the back light LED of the display.
Push button switch S2, capacitor C11 and resistor R6 are associated with the reset circuit. Capacitor C11 is
used to de bounce the push button switch. The C11 actually by-passes the vibrations produced when the push
button switch is pressed. If C11 is not used, the microcontroller will read all the vibrations as key presses and
the system will perform multiples resets. Crystal X1 and capacitors C8, C10 are associated with the clock
circuitry. The baud rate used for serial communication in this project is 9600. So the crystal needs to be
exactly 11.0592 MHz for getting this baud rate.

Port 2.0 of the microcontroller is used for controlling the alarm. P2.0 is connected to transistor Q1 through
resistor R7. R7 limits the base current of Q1. Resistor R0 (10K) is used for pulling up P2.0 pin. The relay is
connected across the collector of Q1. D5 is a freewheeling diode. It by-passes the back emf produced when
the relay is switched. If free-wheeling is not done, the back emf may destroy the transistor or even the
microcontroller. The 12V buzzer is connected through the normally-open contact of the relay.

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