Mark Janseth C. Calosa BSFT1-1D

Mark Janseth C.
Calosa
BSFT1-1D
Commonly binocular (two eyepieces),
the compound light microscope, combines the
power of lenses and light to enlarge the subject being
viewed.
Typically, the eyepiece itself allows for 10X or

15X magnification and when combined with the
three or four objective lenses, which can be rotated
into the field of view, produce higher magnification
to a maximum of around 1000X generally.
The compound light microscope is popular

among botanists for studying plant cells, in biology to
view bacteria and parasites as well as a variety of
human/animal cells.
It is a useful microscope in forensic labs for

identifying drug structures.
Compound light microscopes are one of the

most familiar of the different types of microscopes as
they are most often found in science and biology
classrooms.
For this reason, simple models are readily

available and are inexpensive.
As well, several microscopy imaging

techniques benefit scientists and researchers using
the compound microscope and are worth exploring.
The Stereo microscope, also called a dissecting
microscope, has two optical paths at slightly different
angles allowing the image to be viewed three-
dimensionally under the lenses.
Stereo microscopes magnify at low power,

typically between 10X and 200X, generally below
100x.
With this type of microscope you generally

have the choice of purchasing the fixed or zoom
variety from a manufacturer and are relatively
inexpensive.
Uses for this type of microscope include looking

at surfaces, microsurgery, and watch making, plus
building and inspecting circuit boards.
Stereo microscopes allow students to observe

plant photosynthesis in action.
The digital microscope, invented in Japan in 1986,

uses the power of the computer to view objects not
visible to the naked eye.
Among the different types of microscopes, this kind

can be found with or without eyepieces to peer into.
It connects to a computer monitor via a USB cable,

much like connecting a printer or mouse. The
computer software allows the monitor to display the
magnified specimen. Moving images can be
recorded or single images captured in the
computer’s memory.
An advantage of digital microscopes is the
ability to email images, as well as comfortably watch
moving images for long periods.
The popularity of the digital microscope has

increased at schools and among hobbyists.
Although not well suited to the same scientific

applications as other light microscopes, the USB
Computer microscope, among the different types of
microscopes, can be used on almost any object and
requires no preparation of the specimen.
It is essentially a macro lens used to examine

images on a computer screen plugged into its USB
port.
However, the magnification is restricted and is

not comparable to your standard compound light
microscope at only up to 200X with a relatively small
depth of field.
In examining the different types of microscopes
available on the market, the pocket microscope may
be tiny but its abilities are impressive.
It is used by scientists for hand-held imaging of

a variety of specimens/objects in the field or in the
laboratory.
It is small, durable and portable with a

magnification ranging from 25x to 100x. There are
many different models available.
A TEM works by sending the beam of electrons

through a very thin specimen. So rather than
scanning over and bouncing off, the electrons
pass through the sample to create a highly detailed
two-dimensional image.
Since the TEM allows for such incredible interior

detail, they're often used in medical research and
nanotechnology.
The transmission electron microscope(TEM), the
first type of EM, is capable of producing images 1
nanometer in size.
The TEM is a popular choice

for nanotechnology as well as semiconductor
analysis and production.
A SEM sends a beam of focused electrons to

the sample, which bounce off to create a three-
dimensional surface image. With this method, you
can create a picture with high magnification and
high resolution, but it will always be an exterior view.
When using a SEM, the sample must be

electrically conductive enough so the electrons
actually bounce off it to create the image. Thus
specimens are often coated in a thin layer of gold or
other metal.
Scanning electron microscope (SEM)are

approximately 10 times less powerful than TEMs, they
produce high-resolution, sharp, black and white 3D
images.
Among the different types of
microscopes and microscopy
techniques, scanning probe microscopy
is used today in academic and industrial
settings for those sectors involving
physics, biology and chemistry. These
instruments are used in research and
development as standard analysis tools.
Images are highly magnified and

are observed as three-dimensional-
shaped-specimens in real time. SPMs
employ a delicate probe to scan the
surface of the specimen eliminating the
limitations that are found in electron and
light microscopy.
These use a principle similar to sonar, in that

they employ sound waves to measure the sample.
This type of microscope, called a SAM, is used to
find cracks and voids, detect counterfeit
materials, test for failure and reliability, and
perform quality control on physical materials. They
can also provide information on the elasticity of
cells for biological research.
The Acoustic Microscope is less about
resolution and more about finding faults, cracks or
errors from samples during the manufacturing
process.
With the use of high ultrasound, this type of

microscope is the easiest intra-cavity imaging tool
available. It is a microscope that is under used
primarily due to the fact that it is less known for its
capabilities.
Scanning acoustic microscopy, or SAM, is

the most current type of acoustic microscopy
available to today's scientists. They can use it to
view a sample internally without staining it or
causing it any damage thanks to point focusing
technology, which relies on a beam to scan and
penetrate the specimen while it is in water.
Unlike stereo and

compound microscopes, the
visible light source comes from a
laser. The laser scans the sample
with the help of a series of
scanning mirrors, assembles the
image in a computer, and
displays the image on a screen.
No eyepieces here.
Because the laser can

penetrate a sample deeper than
light from a bulb, you can create
a three-dimensional image from
a selected depth of the
specimen. So you can examine
interior structures of a non-
opaque specimen, or look at the
surface of an opaque specimen
as deep as the laser light can
penetrate. This results in highly
selective, detailed images.
This one uses electromagnetic radiation in the
form of x-rays to produce images of tiny objects.
Unlike an electron microscope, it can be used to
generate an image of living cells. They're useful in
biological research and metallurgy, as the images
are highly detailed.
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Mark Janseth C.

Typically, the eyepiece itself allows for 10X or

The compound light microscope is popular

It is a useful microscope in forensic labs for

Compound light microscopes are one of the

For this reason, simple models are readily

As well, several microscopy imaging

Stereo microscopes magnify at low power,

With this type of microscope you generally

Uses for this type of microscope include looking

Stereo microscopes allow students to observe

The digital microscope, invented in Japan in 1986,

Among the different types of microscopes, this kind

It connects to a computer monitor via a USB cable,

The popularity of the digital microscope has

Although not well suited to the same scientific

It is essentially a macro lens used to examine

However, the magnification is restricted and is

It is used by scientists for hand-held imaging of

It is small, durable and portable with a

A TEM works by sending the beam of electrons

Since the TEM allows for such incredible interior

The TEM is a popular choice

A SEM sends a beam of focused electrons to

When using a SEM, the sample must be

Scanning electron microscope (SEM)are

Images are highly magnified and

These use a principle similar to sonar, in that

With the use of high ultrasound, this type of

Scanning acoustic microscopy, or SAM, is

Unlike stereo and

Because the laser can

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