Unit:

Database Design and Development

Assignment title:
Seasalter College
September 2018

Marking Scheme
Markers are advised that, unless a task specifies that an answer be provided in a
particular form, then an answer that is correct (factually or in practical terms) must be
given the available marks. If there is doubt as to the correctness of an answer, the relevant
NCC Education materials should be the first authority.

This marking scheme has been prepared as a guide only to markers and there will
frequently be many alternative responses which will provide a valid answer.

Each candidate’s script must be fully annotated with the marker’s comments (where
applicable) and the marks allocated for each part of the tasks.

Throughout the marking, please credit any valid alternative point.

Where markers award half marks in any part of a task, they should ensure that the
total mark recorded for the task is rounded up to a whole mark.

Marker's comments:

Moderator's comments:

Mark: Moderated mark: Final mark:

Penalties applied for academic malpractice:

Task Guide Maximum
Marks
1 a) Entity Model (20 marks).

From 1 to 3 marks
There is little correct beyond a few of the entities.

From 4 to 8 marks
If choice of entities is correct (alternative names are acceptable) but
most relationships are wrong then give 1 mark for each correct
entity. Give additional marks for any correct relationships.

From 9 to 15 marks
If largely correct but still with some mistakes give 1 mark for each
correct entity and relationship.

From 16 to 20 marks
Excellent solution that is correct in all but a few details such as
cardinality of an otherwise correct relationship).

See Appendix 1 for suggested solution.

b) Discussion of Normalisation (5 marks)

Up to 5 marks for discussion

See Appendix 2 for suggested answer.

1 mark
There is very little beyond rudimentary understanding of process of
normalisation

From 2 to 3 marks
The discussion shows an understanding of identification of each of
the stages of normalisation up to 3rd normal form and how this has
applied to scenario.

From 4 to 5 marks
There is full discussion with only trivial mistakes. There should be
a clear indication of how the normalisation has identified the
important relations in the system along the lines of that shown in
appendix.

c) Data Dictionary (10 Marks)

The data dictionary should match the ER. It should clearly indicate
Primary Keys and Foreign Keys.

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Database Design and Development © NCC Education Limited 2018
Task Guide Maximum
Marks
Please Note: Marks should only be awarded here for entities
that are correct. A data dictionary entry for an entity that is not
correct (even if it matches the ER diagram) should NOT be
awarded marks.

Award 1 mark for each correct entity with attibutes, PKs and FKs
defined up to 10 marks.

See appendix 3 for suggesed data dictionary.

35
2 a) Create the tables in SQL and show the CREATE scripts as
running in the programming environment. (4 marks)
b) Data on all the courses and teachers. Give a listing of this.
(1 mark)
c) Data for modules and indicate who teachers them. Give a
listing of this. (1 mark)
d) Data on all laboratories. Give a listing of this. (1 mark)
e) Data on the equipment found in the laboratories. Give a
listing of this. (1 mark)
f) Write a query that selects all the teachers for chemistry
courses. (3 marks)

Course Name Staff ID Staff Name

BTEC Level 3 S2399 Barry Harvey
Chemistry
BTEC Level 3 S2400 Dorinda Harvey
Chemistry
BTEC Level 3 S2111 Abidh Khan
Chemistry

g) Write a statement changing plant biology into a core unit. (3

marks)

h) Write a statement that changes the name of teacher ‘Mavis

Kingdom’ to ‘Mavis Rickman-Kingdom’. (3 marks)

i) Write a query that shows all equipment in the chemistry

laboratories. (3 marks)

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Database Design and Development © NCC Education Limited 2018
Task Guide Maximum
Marks

j) Write a query that shows all the teachers who might be

using a microscope as part of their work. (4 marks).

S2399 Barry Harvey

S2300 Arabella Johnson
S2111 Abidh Khan

k) Write a query that produces the output that could be used to

give details of the biology course, the modules that it is
formed of and the teachers who teach those modules. (4
marks).

Course Module Module Name Teacher

Code Code
BIO BC Biochemistry Barry Harvey
of Life
BIO PB Plant Biology Arabella
Johnson
BIO NEU Neurochemistry Barry Harvey
BIO EP Experimental Dorinda
Practice Harvey

l) Write a query showing how many types of item are

classified as ‘Chemistry Experiment’. (4 marks).

4 rows

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Database Design and Development © NCC Education Limited 2018
Task Guide Maximum
Marks
Each query should be shown as an SQL statement running in a
database environment. The full results set should also be shown.
The query should use the given criteria: e.g. in query l) the key 32
search term ‘Chemistry Experiment’ should be part of the query.
For full marks the results should produce detail that are user-
friendly and readable.

3 The discussion could include a written specification, table

diagrams with attributes shown and/ or SQL. Credit should be
given to any valid approach. Points that might be discussed
include: adding columns, deriving, and using triggers.
Suggestions for awarding marks: Up to 6 marks for generic
discussion for example of use of aggregate functions of SQL
without details of scenario.

Up to 7 further marks for contextual details that includes:

• Identification of tables and/or columns that will need to be
used/altered
• Specific use of aggregation
• Any applications/triggers used.

Model answer:

To allow Seasalter College the capability of tracking and reporting on costs of

cleaning and maintaining their laboratories it will be necessary to undertaken a
number of modifications to the database.

Firstly costs of cleaning will be discussed. In order to track income then the
amount charged for cleaning laboratories will need to be included on the
database. This could be added as a column to the laboratory table, using the
alter table add column commands in SQL. This is assuming that each laboratory
will be charged at a standard rate. If the staff who conduct the cleaning are to
be recorded then one or more additional tables will need to be added
depending on how these staff are modelled.

For maintenance a similar approach will need to be taken and again the
approach of an additional column on the laboratory table could deal with this.
If a record of different maintenance over a period of time were needed then a
separate table will be needed with details of maintenance and dates with links
to a maintenance type table. This could also be linked to a staff table.

Total amounts of income could be calculated using aggregate functions in SQL

such as SUM. This could be used to tally amounts for each festival and stored as
a summary column. Application software could be used to calculate total
incomes across different festivals. 13

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Task Guide Maximum
Marks
4 General Points: Organisations of any success tend to get bigger
and diversify (1 mark) It often happens that they will develop new
sites both within the boundaries of one country and sometimes to
other countries (globalisation). (1 mark for this or similar) This
trend has been enhanced in the last century and even more so in
recent decades by the use of technology that makes it easier to
operate at a distance (from the telephone to the World Wide Web).
(1 mark) Firms might also be involved in takeovers where they
inherit databases from those firms they have taken over or merged
with. (1 mark). With the increasing importance of database to any
organisation they the need for distributed databases has grown
alongside the trend in organisations being distributed. (1 mark)

Alternative points should be credited.

Suggestions for awarding marks: Up to 5 marks for general

discussion as indicated. Up to 5 additional marks for points made 10
about Seasalter College and/or the education sector.
5 This discussion should show an understanding of what the original
requirements were (up to 3 marks.) A discussion of how the initial
design attempted to meet them (up to 3 marks) and an overall
assessment of how well the requirements have been met (up to 4
marks).

A good format for this answer would be a table, with columns for
identifying original requirements, one for design aspect and one for
which aspects of the finished assignment have met these
requirements, with assessment of this.

Identifying original requirements (up to 3 marks). Only 1 mark

should be given for simply stating that a database was required for
holding the company’s records. For full marks requirements should
be specific e.g. relating to query e) The organisation required a
listing of all stages, slots and artists. This will be useful for
providing a listing for schedules for a festival.

Discussion of how initial design attempted to meet them. Only 1

mark for simply stating that an ER model was produced. Higher
marks for relating design to specific requirements. E.g. relating to
query e) the design incorporated requirements for listing of
customers by having an entity to hold this data.

Assessment of how finished assignment met the requirements.

Only 1-2 marks for simply stating that a database has been
produced with associated queries. Higher marks for specific
detailed discussion. E.g. with regard to query e) a query has been
produced that list of stages, slots and artists. This shows the
names of the artists and associated data in a readable format. 10
Alternatively structured discussions should be credited.
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Database Design and Development © NCC Education Limited 2018
Task Guide Maximum
Marks

Model answers:

Original requirements

This table represents an overview of the original requirements of the scenario

along with how those requirements have been met in both the design of the
database and its implementation.

Requirement Design Implementation

Course information Entities: Course Implemented database
tables

Query b) Data on all

the courses and
teachers.

Query f) Write a query

that selects all the
teachers for chemistry
courses.

Staff, staff allocated Entities: Implemented database

to courses tables

Query b) Data on all

the courses and
teachers.

Query f) Data on the

equipment found in the
laboratories. Give a
listing of this

Courses and modules Entities: Implemented database

tables

Query c) Data for

modules and indicate
who teachers them

Laboratories Entities: Laboratories Implemented database

tables

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Task Guide Maximum
Marks
Query i) ) Write a
query that shows all
equipment in the
chemistry laboratories

Equipment Entities: Equipment, Implemented database

Laboratory tables
Equipment,
Equipment Type Query i) Write a query
that shows all
equipment in the
chemistry laboratories.

Query j) Write a query

that shows all the
teachers who might be
using a microscope as
part of their work.

Total: 100 Marks

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Database Design and Development © NCC Education Limited 2018
Appendix 1

Suggested ER Solution

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Database Design and Development © NCC Education Limited 2018
Appendix 2

To gain full marks for this there should be overview of normalisation in general and
discussion of how this has applied to the scenario. The answer does not need to show
normalisation for all the example documents but could discuss aspects of any of them, or
show one as an example for further detail. The suggested answer below is thus indicative.

How normalisation has informed the database design.

The normalisation process has identified some of the most important relations in the
system. These are the courses, modules, teachers, laboratories and equipment. It
indicates how these relate to one another and so shows how these should be modelled
and implemented in the database. It has helped identify the primary keys of these core
tables and the foreign keys.

Example of normalisation of Document 1

For example document one can be normalised into course/ course staff/ course. In 1NF
the repeating group information for staff is separated from the course. In 2NF attributes
that are functionally dependent on only part of a compound key are separated, in this case
the staff information is separated from the attributes that link staff to the course. The
attributes are already in 3NF for there are no non-key functional dependencies.

UNF 1NF 2NF 3NF

1 Course ID Course ID (PK) Course ID (PK) Course ID (PK)
1 Course Name Course Name Course Name Course Name

2 Staff ID Course ID (PK)(FK) Course ID (PK)(FK) Course ID (PK)(FK)

2 Staff Name Staff ID (PK) (FK) Staff ID (PK) (FK) Staff ID (PK) (FK)
2 Staff Type Staff Name
Staff Type
Staff ID (PK) Staff ID (PK)
Staff Name Staff Name
Staff Type Staff Type

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Database Design and Development © NCC Education Limited 2018
Appendix 3. Suggested Data Dictionary for Task 1 c)

Attribute Name / Data Type Range/ Constraints

Key Length
Course
Course Code (PK) Char / 10 PK
Varchar
Course Name Char / 30
Varchar

Course Module
Module Code (PK) Char / 10 PK / FK
(FK) Varchar
Course Code (PK) Char/Varchar 10 PK / FK
(FK)

Module
Module Code (PK) Char/Varchar 10 PK
Module Type Code Char/Varchar 10 FK
(FK)
Module Name Char / 30
Varchar

Module Type
Module Type Char/Varchar 10 PK
Code(PK)
Module Type Char/Varchar 30
Description

Module Staff
Module Code (PK) Char / 10 PK / FK
(FK) Varchar
Staff Code (PK) (FK) Char / 10 PK / FK
Varchar

Course Staff
Course Code (PK) Char / 10 PK / FK
Varchar
Staff Code (PK) (FK) Char / 10 PK / FK
Varchar

Staff
Staff Code (PK) Char / 10 PK
Varchar
Staff Name Char/Varchar 30

Staff Type
Staff Type Code(PK) Char/Varchar 10 PK

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 Staff Type 30
Description

Laboratory
Laboratory Code (PK) Char/Varchar 10 PK
Laboratory Name Char/Varchar 30

Laboratory
Equipment
Laboratory Code (PK) Char/Varchar 10 PK
(FK)
Equipment Code (PK) Char/Varchar 10 PK
(FK)

Equipment
Equipment Code (PK) Char/Varchar 10 PK
Equipment Name Char/Varchar 30
Equipment Type Code Char/Varchar 10 FK
(FK)

Equipment Type
Equipment Type Code Char/Varchar 10 PK/FK
(PK)
Equipment Type Char/Varchar 30
Name

Note: codes and descriptions have been supplied for ‘Type’ entities. Other ways of implementing
this are acceptable.

Note: Datatypes and lengths can vary from those shown here.

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Learning Outcomes matrix

Task Learning Outcomes Marker can differentiate

assessed between varying levels of
achievement
1 2 Yes
2 5 Yes
3 2 Yes
4 1 Yes

Grade descriptors

Learning Outcome Pass Merit Distinction

Understand the Demonstrate Demonstrate robust Demonstrate highly
enterprise application adequate level of level of comprehensive level
of database systems understanding understanding of understanding
Understand how to Demonstrate Demonstrate ability Demonstrate ability to
enhance the design ability to perform to perform the task perform the task to
of and further the task consistently well the highest standard
develop a database
system
Be able to enhance a Demonstrate Demonstrate ability Demonstrate ability to
logical database ability to perform to perform the task perform the task to
design the task consistently well the highest standard
Be able to develop a Show adequate Show sound and Show innovative and
physical database development appropriate highly appropriate
design development development
Be able to enhance a Demonstrate Demonstrate ability Demonstrate ability to
database system ability to perform to perform the task perform the task to
using SQL the task consistently well the highest standard

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Database Design and Development © NCC Education Limited 2018