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Simulation Ist Class Lecture

This document provides an overview of simulation and modeling concepts from a first class lecture. It defines simulation as imitating the operation of a real world system over time, either manually or using a computer. A system is defined as a group of objects working together toward a common purpose. A model represents a system for study purposes. There are static and dynamic simulation models. Key components of a system include entities, attributes, activities, states, events, and endogenous and exogenous factors. Systems can be discrete or continuous depending on whether state variables change at discrete points in time or continuously. Verification ensures a model's implementation matches its conceptual design while validation checks the model's accuracy in representing the real system. An example problem on determining customer arrival

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ikhtiar mahmud
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40 views

Simulation Ist Class Lecture

This document provides an overview of simulation and modeling concepts from a first class lecture. It defines simulation as imitating the operation of a real world system over time, either manually or using a computer. A system is defined as a group of objects working together toward a common purpose. A model represents a system for study purposes. There are static and dynamic simulation models. Key components of a system include entities, attributes, activities, states, events, and endogenous and exogenous factors. Systems can be discrete or continuous depending on whether state variables change at discrete points in time or continuously. Verification ensures a model's implementation matches its conceptual design while validation checks the model's accuracy in representing the real system. An example problem on determining customer arrival

Uploaded by

ikhtiar mahmud
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Simulation and modeling

1st class lecture

Ques: What is simulation?


Ans: A Simulation is the imitation of the operation of real world system over time.
Whether done by hand or on a computer, simulation involves the generation of an artificial history of a
system and the observation of a artificial history to draw inferences concerning the operating characteristics
of real system.
Example: Simulation is used in many contexts, such as simulation of technology for performance
optimization, safety engineering, testing, training, education, and video games.

Ques: What is system and system environment?


Ans: A system is defined as a group of objects that are joined together in a regular interaction toward the
accomplishment of some purpose.
Example: Production system manufacturing automobiles. Where the machines, component parts and works
jointly along an assembly line to produce a high quality vehicle.
System environment: A system is often affected by changes occurring outside the system. Such changes
are occur in the system environment.
Example: In the case of the factory system, for example, the factors controlling the arrival of orders may be
considered to be outside the influence of the factory and therefore part of the environment.

Ques: Describe system component table.


Ans:

Ques: What is model?


Ans: A model is defined as representation of a system for the purpose of studying that system. There are two
types of simulation model :
Static simulation : A static simulation model, sometimes called a Monte Carlo Simulation , represent a
system at a particular point in time.
Dynamic simulation Model: Dynamic simulation model represents system as they change over time. The
simulation of a Bank from 9:00 AM to 4:00 AM is an example of dynamic simulation.

Ques: Describe the component of a system?


Ans: Entity
An object of interest in the system : Machines in factory
Attribute
The property of an entity : speed, capacity
Activity
A time period of specified length :welding, stamping
State
A collection of variables that describe the system in any time : status of machine
(busy, idle, down,…)
Event
A instantaneous occurrence that might change the state of the system breakdown
Endogenous
Activities and events occurring with the system
Exogenous
Activities and events occurring with the environment

Ques: What is the discrete and continuous system?


Ans: A discrete system is one in which the state variables change only at a discrete set of points in time
Example: Bank

A continues system is one in which the state variables change continuously over time.
Example: Head of water behind the dam
Ques: What is Verification and Validation?

Ans: Verification: In the context of computer simulation, verification of a model is the process of confirming
that it is correctly implemented with respect to the conceptual model. During verification the model is tested to
find and fix errors in the implementation of the model

Velidation: Validation checks the accuracy of the model's representation of the real system. In this process,
we have to compare the model’s implementation and its associated data with the
developer's conceptual description and specifications.

Ques: Determine the number of the customers in the system. Find the customer arrival time, service
time and waiting time.
Ans:

Server idle time = 3+ 3+ 1 =7


Utilization =20-7= 13
Server utilization % = 13/20 = .65% Ans

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