Mosfets
Mosfets
SID11x2KQ
Up to 8 A Single Channel IGBT/MOSFET Gate Driver for
Automotive Applications Providing Reinforced Galvanic Isolation
Applications
• Electric vehicle power train
• Electric vehicle on-board chargers and charger stations
• High reliability drivers and inverters
VCE
Primary-Side Secondary-Side
Logic Logic
VGXX
IN
Fault VISO
Output SO VTOT
+
VIN GH -
VCC
FluxLink
VVCC + GL
-
GND
VEE
COM
PI-7949-072616
Figure 1. Typical Application Schematic.
VCE
+
VDES
VGXX
COM
SHORT-CIRCUIT BOOTSTRAP
DETECTION CHARGE PUMP VISO
VCC
LEVEL
ASSD
SHIFTER
GH
FluxLink
SO
TRANSCEIVER TRANSCEIVER
(BIDIRECTIONAL) (BIDIRECTIONAL)
VISO
GL
GND
CORE LOGIC
SUPPLY
MONITORING
AUXILIARY
CORE LOGIC POWER SUPPLIES COM
IN SUPPLY
MONITORING
AUXILIARY VISO
POWER SUPPLIES
VEE CONTROL VEE
PI-7654-092216
2
Rev. A 03/18 www.power.com
SID11x2KQ
Power Supplies connected to the GH pin and turn-off gate resistor RGOFF to the GL pin.
The SID11x2KQ requires two power supplies. One is the primary-side If both gate resistors have the same value, the GL and GH pins can be
(V VCC) which powers the primary-side logic and communication with connected together. Note: The SCALE-iDriver data sheet defines the
the secondary (insulated) side. Another supply voltage is required for RGH and RGL values as total resistances connected to the respective
the secondary-side, V TOT is applied between the VISO pin and the pins GH and GL. Note that most power semiconductor data sheets
COM pin. V TOT needs to be insulated from the primary-side and must specify an internal gate resistor RGINT which is already integrated into
provide at least the same insulation capabilities as the SCALE-iDriver. the power semiconductor switch. In Addition to RGINT, external
V TOT must have a low capacitive coupling to the primary or any other resistor devices RGON and RGOFF are specified to setup the gate current
secondary-side. The positive gate-emitter voltage V VISO is provided by levels to the application requirements. Consequently, RGH is the sum
VISO which is internally generated and stabilized to 15 V (typically) of RGON and RGINT, as shown in Figures 9 and 10. Careful consideration
with respect to VEE. The negative gate-emitter voltage V VEE is should be given to the power dissipation and peak current associated
provided by VEE with respect to COM. Due to the limited current with the external gate resistors.
sourcing capabilities of the VEE pin, any additional load needs to be
applied between the VISO and COM pins. No additional load between The GH pin output current source (IGH) of SID1182KQ is capable of
VISO and VEE pins or between VEE and COM pins is allowed. handling up to 7.3 A during turn-on, and the GL pin output current
source (IGL) is able to sink up to 8.0 A during turn-off. The SCALE-
Input and Fault Logic (Primary-Side) iDriver’s internal resistances are described as RGHI and RGLI respec-
The input (IN) and output (SO) logic is designed to work directly with tively. If the gate resistors for SCALE-iDriver family attempt to draw
micro-controllers using 5 V CMOS logic. If the physical distance a higher peak current, the peak current will be internally limited to a
between the controller and the SCALE-iDriver is large or if a different safe value, see Figures 6 and 7. Figure 8 shows the peak current
logic level is required the resistive divider in Figure 5, or Schmitt-trigger
ICs (Figures 13 and 14) can be used. Both solutions adjust the logic level 9
PI-7910-121516
as necessary and will also improve the driver’s noise immunity.
Turn-On Peak Gate Current IGH (A)
Gate driver commands are transferred from the IN pin to the GH and 8
GL pins with a propagation delay tP(LH) and tP(HL).
7
During normal operation, when there is no fault detected, the SO pin
stays at high impedance (open). Any fault is reported by connecting 6
the SO pin to GND. The SO pin stays low as long as the V VCC voltage
(primary-side) stays below UVLOVCC, where the propagation delay is 5
negligible. If desaturation is detected (there is a short-circuit), or the
supply voltages V VISO, V VEE, (secondary-side) drop below UVLOVISO, 4
UVLOVEE, the SO status changes with a delay time tFAULT and keeps
status low for a time defined as tSO. In case of a fault condition the 3
driver applies the off-state (the GL pin is connected to COM). During RGH = 4 Ω, RGL = 3.4 Ω, CLOAD = 47 nF
the tSO period, command signal transitions from the IN pin are 2 RGH = 4 Ω, RGL = 3.4 Ω, CLOAD = 100 nF
ignored. A new turn-on command transition is required before the RGH = RGL = 0 Ω, CLOAD = 47 nF
driver will enter the on-state. 1
The SO pin current is defined as ISO; voltage during low status is
0
defined as VSO(FAULT).
-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Output (Secondary-Side)
The gate of the power semiconductor switch to be driven can be Ambient Temperature (°C)
connected to the SCALE-iDriver output via pins GH and GL, using two Figure 6. Turn-On Peak Output Current (Source) vs. Ambient Temperature.
different resistor values. Turn-on gate resistor RGON needs to be Conditions: VCC = 5 V, V TOT = 25 V, fS = 20 kHz, Duty Cycle = 50%.
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SID11x2KQ
0 7
PI-7912-042816
PI-7911-042816
Turn-Off Peak Gate Current IGL (A)
-1
RGH = 4 Ω, RGL = 3.4 Ω, CLOAD = 47 nF 6
-2 RGH = 4 Ω, RGL = 3.4 Ω, CLOAD = 100 nF
-4
4
-5
3
-6
-7 2
IGH, Turn-On Peak Gate Current
-8 IGL, Turn-Off Peak Gate Current
1
-9
-10 0
-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
that can be achieved for a given supply voltage for same gate resistor
values, load capacitance and layout design.
Short-Circuit Protection
SCALE-iDriver
The SCALE-iDriver uses the semiconductor desaturation effect to
detect short-circuits and protects the device against damage by RVCE RVCEX
employing an Advanced Soft Shut Down (ASSD) technique. Desatu- VCE
ration can be detected using two different circuits, either with diode
sense circuitry DVCE (Figure 10) or with resistors RVCEX (Figure 9). With VGXX CRES DCL
the help of a well stabilized V VISO and a Schottky diode (DSTO) connected CGXX
between semiconductor gate and VISO pin the short-circuit current
VISO
value can be limited to a safe value.
DSTO
During the off-state, the VCE pin is internally connected to the COM RGON
GH Collector
pin and CRES is discharged (red curve in Figure 11 represents the
Gate RGINT
potential of the VCE pin). When the power semiconductor switch RGOFF
GL
receives a turn-on command, the collector-emitter voltage (VCE)
decreases from the off-state level same as the DC-link voltage to a Emitter
normally much lower on-state level (see blue curve in Figure 11) and VEE
CRES begins to be charged up to the VCE saturation level (VCE SAT). CRES
charging time depends on the resistance of RVCEX (Figure 9), DC-link COM
voltage and CRES and RVCE value. The VCE voltage during on-state is
continuously observed and compared with a reference voltage, VDES.
The VDES level is optimized for IGBT applications. As soon as VCE>VDES
PI-7952-080416
(red circle in Figure 11), the driver turns off the power semiconductor
switch with a controlled collector current slope, limiting the VCE
overvoltage excursions to below the maximum collector-emitter Figure 9. Short-Circuit Protection using a Resistor Chain RVCEX.
voltage (VCES). Turn-on commands during this time and during tSO are
ignored, and the SO pin is connected to GND.
and power-down. Any supply voltage related to VCC, VISO, VEE and
The response time tRES is the CRES charging time and describes the VGXX pins should be stabilized using ceramic capacitors C1, CS1X, CS2X,
delay between VCE asserting and the voltage on the VCE pin rising CGXX respectively as shown in Figures 13 and 14. After supply
(see Figure 11). Response time should be long enough to avoid false voltages reach their nominal values, the driver will begin to function
tripping during semiconductor turn-on and is adjustable via RRES and after a time delay tSTART.
CRES (Figure 10) or RVCE and CRES (Figure 9) values. It should not be
Short-Pulse Operation
longer than the period allowed by the semiconductor manufacturer.
If command signals applied to the IN pin are shorter than the minimum
Safe Power-Up and Power-Down specified by tGE(MIN), the SCALE-iDriver output signals, GH and GL pins,
During driver power-up and power-down, several unintended input / will be extended to value tGE(MIN). The duration of pulses longer than
output states may occur. In order to avoid these effects, it is tGE(MIN) will not be changed.
recommended that the IN pin is kept at logic low during power-up
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Rev. A 03/18 www.power.com
SID11x2KQ
SCALE-iDriver
V
RVCE DVCE
VCE
DSTO
RGON
GH Collector VCE SAT
Emitter
VEE VCE Pin Signal
COM
COM
PI-7951-080416 PI-7671-093016
Figure 10. Short-Circuit Protection Using Rectifier Diode DVCE. Figure 11. Short-Circuit Protection Using Resistors Chain RVCEX.
Advanced Soft Shut Down (ASSD) to a safe value. At the end of period P1, VGE is reduced during tFSSD1.
This function is activated when a short-circuit is detected. It protects Due to collector current decrease a small VCE overvoltage is seen.
the power semiconductor switch against destruction by ending the During tFSSD1 VGE is further reduced and the gate of the power
turn-on state and limiting the current slope in order to keep momen- semiconductor switch is further discharged. During tFSSD2 additional
tary VCE overvoltages below VCES. This function is particularly suited to small VCE overvoltage events may occur. Once VGE drops below the
IGBT applications. Figure 12 shows how the ASSD function operates. gate threshold of the IGBT, the collector current has decayed almost to
The VCE desaturation is visible during time period P1 (yellow line). zero and the remaining gate charge is removed ‒ ending the short-
During this time, the gate-emitter voltage (green line) is kept very circuit event. The whole short-circuit current detection and safe
stable. Collector current (pink line) is also well stabilized and limited switch-off is lower than 10 µs (8 µs in this example).
VGE
tFSSD1
IGE VCE
ICE
tFSSD2
P1
5
www.power.com Rev. A 03/18
SID11x2KQ
Application Examples and Components Selection CS11 and CS12. The gate charge will vary according to the type of
power semiconductor switch that is being driven. Typically, CS11 + CS12
Figures 13 and 14 show the schematic and typical components used should be at least 3 mF multiplied by the total gate charge of the
for a SCALE-iDriver design. In both cases the primary-side supply power semiconductor switch (QGATE) divided by 1 mC. A 10 nF capacitor
voltage (V VCC) is connected between VCC and GND pins and supported CGXX is connected between the GH and VGXX pins.
through a supply bypass ceramic capacitor C1 (4.7 mF typically). If the
command signal voltage level is higher than the rated IN pin voltage The gate of the power semiconductor switch is connected through
(in this case 15 V) a resistive voltage divider should be used. Additional resistor RGON to the GH pin and by RGOFF to the GL pin. If the value of
capacitor CF and Schmitt trigger IC1 can be used to provide input RGON is the same as RGOFF the GH pin can be connected to the GL pin
signal filtering. The SO output has 5 V logic and the RSO is selected and a common gate resistor can be connected to the gate. In any
so that it does not exceed absolute maximum rated ISO current. case, proper consideration needs to be given to the power dissipation
and temperature performance of the gate resistors.
The secondary-side isolated power supply (V TOT) is connected between
VISO and COM. The positive voltage rail (V VISO) is supported through To ensure gate voltage stabilization and collector current limitation
4.7 µF ceramic capacitors CS21 and CS22 connected in parallel. The during a short-circuit, the gate is connected to the VISO pin through
negative voltage rail (V VEE) is similarly supported through capacitors a Schottky diode DSTO (for example PMEG4010).
SCALE-iDriver
RVCE RVCE2-11
120 kΩ 100 kΩ × 10
VCE
Primary-Side Secondary-Side
Logic Logic
CS11 CS12
4.7 µF 4.7 µF
COM
PI-8639-031218
Figure 13. SCALE-iDriver Application Example Using a Resistor Network for Desaturation Detection.
SCALE-iDriver
RVCE
330 Ω DVCE2 DVCE1
VCE
Primary-Side Secondary-Side
Logic Logic
CS11 CS12
4.7 µF 4.7 µF
COM
PI-8638-031218
Figure 14. SCALE-iDriver Application Example Using Diodes for Desaturation Detection.
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SID11x2KQ
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SID11x2KQ
Recommended
Pin Return Pin Symbol Remark
Value
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Rev. A 03/18 www.power.com
SID11x2KQ
Power
As the turn-off gate resistor can get hot, the component
Semiconductor GL Application specific RGOFF
shall be placed away from the gate driver IC.
Gate
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www.power.com Rev. A 03/18
SID11x2KQ
Recommended
Pin Return Pin Symbol Remark
Value
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Rev. A 03/18 www.power.com
SID11x2KQ
Power
As the turn off gate resistor can get hot, the component
Semiconductor GL Application specific RGOFF
shall be placed away from the gate driver IC.
Gate
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SID11x2KQ
Thermal Resistance
Thermal Resistance: eSOP-R16B Package: Notes:
(qJA) ................................................... 67 °C/W1 1. 2 oz. (610 g/m2) copper clad.
(qJC) ...................................................34 °C/W2 2. The case temperature is measured at the plastic surface at the top
of the package.
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SID11x2KQ
Conditions
Parameter Symbol TJ = -40 °C to +125 °C Min Typ Max Units
See Note 1 (Unless Otherwise Specified)
Logic High
VIH 3.3 V
Input Voltage
Operating IC Junction
TJ -40 125 °C
Temperature
Electrical Characteristics
Logic Low Input
VIN+LT fS = 0 Hz 0.6 1.25 1.8 V
Threshold Voltage
Logic High Input
VIN+HT fS = 0 Hz 1.7 2.2 3.05 V
Threshold Voltage
Logic Input
VIN+HS fS = 0 Hz 0.1 V
Voltage Hysteresis
VIN = 0 V 4 11 17
fS = 75 kHz 16.3 23
VIN = 0 V 6 8
fS = 75 kHz 10.3 14
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SID11x2KQ
Conditions
Parameter Symbol TJ = -40 °C to +125 °C Min Typ Max Units
See Note 1 (Unless Otherwise Specified)
Secondary-Side
21 V ≤ V TOT ≤ 30 V,
Positive Supply Voltage V VISO(HS) 14.4 15.07 15.75 V
|i(VEE)| ≤ 1.5 mA
Regulation
VCE Pin Capacitance C VCE Between VCE and COM pins, See Note 12 12.5 pF
SID1132KQ
CG = 10 nF, 450
See Note 12
See Note 7
Output Rise Time tR SID1182KQ 55 90 150 ns
SID1132KQ
1950
CG = 47 nF, See Note 12
See Note 7
SID1182KQ 300 465 650
SID1132KQ
CG = 10 nF 450
See Note 12
See Note 8
Output Fall Time tF SID1182KQ 40 81 150 ns
SID1132KQ
1950
CG = 47 nF See Note 12
See Note 8
SID1182KQ 300 460 650
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Rev. A 03/18 www.power.com
SID11x2KQ
Conditions
Parameter Symbol TJ = -40 °C to +125 °C Min Typ Max Units
See Note 1 (Unless Otherwise Specified)
SID1132KQ
4.8
Turn-On Internal I(GH) = -250 mA See Note 12
RGHI Ω
Gate Resistance VIN= 5 V
SID1182KQ 0.76 1.2
SID1132KQ
4
Turn-Off Internal I(GL) = 250 mA See Note 12
RGLI Ω
Gate Resistance VIN = 0 V
SID1182KQ 0.68 1.1
SO Output Voltage VSO(FAULT) Fault Condition, ISO = 3.4 mA, V VCC ≥ 3.9 V 210 450 mV
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SID11x2KQ
Conditions
Parameter Symbol TJ = -40 °C to +125 °C Min Typ Max Units
See Note 1 (Unless Otherwise Specified)
Tracking Resistance
DIN EN 60112 (VDE 0303-11): 2010-05
(Comparative Tracking CTI 600
EN / IEC 60112:2003 + A1:2009
Index)
Isolation Capacitance,
Input to Output CIO 1 pF
See Note 16
Package Insulation Characteristics
Maximum Working
VIOWM 1000 VRMS
Isolation Voltage
Maximum Repetitive
VIORM 1414 VPEAK
Peak Isolation Voltage
Maximum Case
TS 150 °C
Temperature
Safety Total
PS TA = 25 °C 1.79 W
Dissipated Power
Pollution Degree 2
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SID11x2KQ
2.0
PI-8178a-112717
1.8
TC (°C)
Figure 15. Thermal Derating Curve Showing Dependence of Limited Dissipated Power on Case Temperature
(DIN V VDE V 0884-10).
Continuous device operating is allowed until TJ and/or TC of 125 °C are reached. Thermal stress beyond those values but below thermal derating
curve may lead to permanent functional product damage. Operating beyond thermal SR derating curve may affect product reliability.
NOTES:
1. V VCC = 5 V, V TOT = 25 V; GH and GL pins are shorted together. RG = 4 W, No CG; VCC pin is connected to the SO pin through a 2 kW resistor.
The VGXX pin is connected to the GH pin through a 10 nF capacitor. Typical values are defined at TA = 25 °C; fS = 20 kHz, Duty Cycle = 50%.
Positive currents are assumed to be flowing into pins.
2. Pulse width ≤ 10 ms, duty cycle ≤ 1%. The maximum value is controlled by the ASIC to a safe level. There is no need to limit the current by
the application. The internal peak power is safely controlled for RG ≥ 0 and power semiconductor module input gate capacitance CIES ≤ 47 nF.
3. During very slow V VCC power-up and power-down related to V TOT, V VCC and V VEE respectively, several SO fault pulses may be generated.
4. SO pin connected to GND as long as V VCC stays below minimum value. No signal transferred from primary to secondary-side.
5. VIN potential changes from 0 V to 5 V within 10 ns. Delay is measured from 50% voltage increase on IN pin to 10% voltage increase
on GH pin.
6. VIN potential changes from 5 V to 0 V within 10 ns. Delay is measured from 50% voltage decrease on IN pin to 10% voltage decrease
on GL pin.
7. Measured from 10% to 90% of VGE (CG simulates semiconductor gate capacitance). The VGE is measured across CG.
8. Measured from 90% to 10% of VGE (CG simulates semiconductor gate capacitance). The VGE is measured across CG.
9. ASSD function limits G-E voltage of controlled semiconductor in specified time. Conditions: CG = 10 nF, V TOT = V VISO = 15 V,
V VEE = 0 V (VEE shorted to COM).
10. The amount of time needed to transfer fault event (UVLO or DESAT) from secondary-side to SO pin.
11. The amount of time after primary and secondary-side supply voltages (V VCC and V TOT) reach minimal required level for driver proper
operation. No signal is transferred from primary to secondary-side during that time, and no fault condition will be transferred from the
secondary-side to the primary-side.
12. Guaranteed by design.
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SID11x2KQ
20 11.0
PI-7915-110716
PI-7917-050416
IN = 0 V DC
19 10.5
18 fS = 20 kHz 10.0
fS = 75 kHz
17 9.5
IN = 0 V DC
16 9.0 IN = 5 V DC
fS = 20 kHz
15 8.5 fS = 75 kHz
14 8.0
13 7.5
12 7.0
11 6.5
10 6.0
-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
3.60 3.50
PI-7928-110716
PI-7948-050416
IVEE(SO) Source Capability (mA)
3.55 3.45
VTOT = 25 V and VVISO = 17.5 V VTOT = 25 V and VVISO = 12.5 V
3.50 VTOT = 28 V and VVISO = 17.5 V 3.40 VTOT = 28 V and VVISO = 12.5 V
3.45 3.35
3.40 3.30
3.35 3.25
3.30 3.20
3.25 3.15
3.20 3.10
3.15 3.05
3.10 3.00
-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
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SID11x2KQ
eSOP-R16B
2X 0.004 [0.10] C A
3 4 0.057 [1.45] Ref.
0.023 [0.58] 13X
0.050 [1.27]
0.018 [0.46] 2
0.010 [0.25] M C A B A 0.400 [10.16]
H
8 Lead Tips
16 9 0.006 [0.15] C 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
2X 0.010 [0.25]
0.004 [0.10] C B
Gauge Plane
Seating Plane
0.059 [1.50] 0° - 8° C
2 Ref. Typ. 0.040 [1.02]
0.350 [8.89] 0.464 [11.79] 0.028 [0.71]
0.059 [1.50]
Ref. Typ.
DETAIL A
B 0.020 [0.51]
1 8 0.006 [0.15] C 8 7 6 5 4 3 1
Ref. 0.022 [0.56] Ref.
4 Lead Tips 0.010 [0.24]
3 4 0.019 [0.48]
Ref.
Pin #1 I.D. 0.158 [4.01] Ref.
(Laser Marked) 0.045 [1.14] Ref. 0.152 [3.86]
0.080 [2.03] Ref.
0.032 [0.81]
0.028 [0.71] 0.029 [0.74]
Ref.
TOP VIEW BOTTOM VIEW
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SID11x2KQ
MSL Table
Part Number MSL Rating
SID11x2KQ 3
Figure 20. Applied Common Mode Pulses for Generating Negative dv/dt. Figure 21. Applied Common Mode Pulses for Generating Positive dv/dt.
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SID11x2KQ
Certification to DIN V VDE V 0884-10 UR recognized under UL1577 Component UR recognized to CSA Component Acceptance
(VDE V 0884-10): 2006-12 pending Recognition Program Notice 5A
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Revision Notes Date
A Code A initial release. 03/18
1. A Life support device or system is one which, (i) is intended for surgical implant into the body, or (ii) supports or sustains life, and (iii) whose
failure to perform, when properly used in accordance with instructions for use, can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury or
death to the user.
2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the
failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
The PI logo, TOPSwitch, TinySwitch, SENZero, SCALE, SCALE-iDriver, SCALE-iFlex, Qspeed, PeakSwitch, LYTSwitch, LinkZero, LinkSwitch,
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FACTS are trademarks of Power Integrations, Inc. Other trademarks are property of their respective companies. ©2018, Power Integrations, Inc.