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Fully Controlled Three-Phase AC Controller

The document describes a 3-phase fully controlled AC controller with a star connected resistive load. It discusses: 1) The firing sequence of the thyristors and that at least two must be triggered at a time for current to flow. 2) The input and output phase voltages depend on the firing angle range, which is divided into 3 distinct ranges. 3) Equations for calculating the RMS output voltage based on the firing angle range. 4) Applications of 3-phase AC controllers in speed control of induction motors.

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488 views7 pages

Fully Controlled Three-Phase AC Controller

The document describes a 3-phase fully controlled AC controller with a star connected resistive load. It discusses: 1) The firing sequence of the thyristors and that at least two must be triggered at a time for current to flow. 2) The input and output phase voltages depend on the firing angle range, which is divided into 3 distinct ranges. 3) Equations for calculating the RMS output voltage based on the firing angle range. 4) Applications of 3-phase AC controllers in speed control of induction motors.

Uploaded by

daudi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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12.

Three-phase AC Controllers
Fully controlled Three- phase AC controller
A 3-phase full –wave fully controlled AC controller is shown in Fig.1.
With a star connected resistive load.
The firing sequence of thyristors is T1,T6,T2,T4,T3,T5

Fig.1

 For current to flow it is necessary to trigger at least two thyristors


at a time.
 If we define the instantaneous input phase voltages as:
van= Vm sin ωt
vbn= Vm sin (ωt - 2π / 3)
vcn= Vm sin (ωt - 4π / 3)
 The instantaneous input line voltages are
vab = 3 van = 3 vm sin (ωt + π/6)

vbc = 3 vbn = 3 vm sin (ωt - π/2)

vca = 3 vcn = 3 vm sin (ωt - 7π/6)


The waveforms the input voltages, conduction angles of thyristors and
output phase voltages are shown in Fig.2 for α = 30˚
Fig.2 Waveforms
For complete control of the thyristors using the triggering pattern shown
each thyristor must be triggered by two separated by 60 degree in time.

Hence we have generally three distinct ranges of firing angle:

1- Range (1) 0˚ ≤ α < 60˚


2- Range (2) 60˚ ≤ α < 90˚
3- Range (3) 90˚ ≤ α ≤ 150˚

Similar to half wave controllers the expression for the R.M.S output
phase voltage depends on the range of firing angles.
The R.M.S output voltage for a Y– connection loads are found to be:

1- For 0˚ ≤ α < 60˚

1   sin 2 
Vo = 3 Vm    
6 4 8 

2- For 60˚ ≤ α < 90˚

1 3 sin 2 3 cos 2 


   
Vo =
  12 
3 Vm
6 16 

3- For 90˚ ≤ α ≤ 150˚

1  5  sin 2 3 cos 2 
    
Vo = 3 Vm
  24 4 16 16 

Other types of 3-Phase AC controllers
Applications:
 Phase controlled systems are used for controlling the speed of
induction motor is shown in Fig.4:

Fig.4 (a) Open loop


Speed control of induction
Motor using 3-phase
AC voltage controller

Fig.4(b) Closed loop system

for inductive motor speed


control using 3-phase
AC voltage controller

 If a reversible speed control system is used the line must be


change cross connected system Fig.5:

Fig.5 Thyristor configuration


of a reversible speed induction
drive.
Power Electronics Lecture No.12 Dr.Prof. Mohammed T. Alzuhairi

Example:

The three phase bidirectional controller in Fig.6 supplies a Y- connected


resistive load of R = 10 Ώ and line to line voltage is 208V RMS and f =60
Hz. For the delay α=π/6 determine

(a)The output power

(b)The input power factor PF

(c) Give one application of such a converter

Fig.6

>>> NOT THAT


For 0˚ ≤ α < 60˚

1   sin 2 
Vo = 3 Vm    
 6 4 8 

For 60 ˚ ≤ α < 90 ˚
1 3 sin 2 3 cos 2 
Vo = 3 Vm    

  12 6 16 

6
Power Electronics Lecture No.12 Dr.Prof. Mohammed T. Alzuhairi

For 90 ˚ ≤ α ≤ 150 ˚
1  5  sin 2 3 cos 2 
Vo = 3 Vm     
  24 4 16 16 

Solution:
(a) For 0˚ ≤ α < , 60˚

1    sin 2 
Vo = 3 Vm     = 117.38V
6 4 8 

Vo 117.38
Io =   11.74 A
R 10

Po = 3I o R  3 * (11.74) *10  4134W


2 2

(b) Since the load is Y-connection the phase current. Thus the
input volt-ampere power is

S  3Vs I o  3 *120 *11.74  4226VA


Po 4134
PF    0.978lagging
s 4226

(c) One application of three-phase AC regulator is in electric oven


control or induction motor speed control.

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