FLA 1 Timeline of Special Education

PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY
The National Center for Teacher Education

MINDANAO
Louie B. Maybanting
BEE-II
Timeline of Special Education
 American School for the Deaf

April 15, 1817
The American School for the Deaf id founded in Hartford,

Connecticut. This was the first school for disabled children anywhere in the
Western Hemisphere
 Perkins Institution for the Blind opens.

1832
The Perkin Institution was founded in Boston, Massachusetts. This

institution the first of its kind for people with mental disabilities. Participants
were required to live and learn there, just like a boarding school.
 Law Mandating Compulsory Education

1840
Rhode Island passed a law mandating compulsory education for all

children. Compulsory education is education in which children are required
by law to receive and for governments to provide.
 Columbia Institution
1864
Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and Blind was allowed to
grant college degrees by the U.S. Congress. It was the first college in the
world established for people with disabilities.
 Association of Instructors of the Blind

1870
The school for the Deaf and the School for the Blind offer
comprehensive educational programs for hearing impaired and visually
impaired students.
 Plessy vs. Ferguson

1896
The Supreme Court upheld the Louisan separate car act. Though this
is not directly related to education, this did set the precedence of separate
but equal.
 Beattie v. Board of Education

1919
Special needs students were expelled from school due to facial

abnormalities and drooling. The student’s mental capacities were fine, but
teachers and fellow students were nauseated by this student physical
conditions.
 Council for Exceptional Children

February 24, 1922
The Council for Exceptional Children is the first advocacy group for
children with disabilities. The CEC is one of the largest special education
advocacy groups. The main objective of this group is to ensure that children
with special needs receive FAPE.
 The Bradly Home

1931
The Bradly Home, the first psychiatric hospital for children in the
United States. It was
Established in East Providence, Rhode Island
 Cuyahoga Council for Retarted Citizens

1933
A Parental Advocacy Group composed of five mothers of children

with mental retardation who came to Cuyahoga, Ohio to protest their
children’s exclusion from public schools. This lead to the establishment of a
special class for the children, even though the parents sponsored it.
 Classification of Autism
1943
The classification of Autism was introduced by Dr. Leo Lanner of

John Hopkins University.
 National Association for Retarded Citizens

October 20, 1950
The National Association for Retarded Citizens came about. NARC

was formed by 23 individual advocacy groups that had the same belief so
they came together as one. During the passing of IDEA, the NARC consisted
of over 200,000 members. NARC helped with litigation and making sure that
all parts of the judicial process were met.
 Brown v. Board of Education

May 17, 1954
A landmark court case that overturned Plessy v. Ferguson case

saying that “Separate is not equal”. This court case brought attention to black
v. white’s in school and special need students v. general education students.
This case encouraged the formation of many advocacy groups to inform the
public of need of special education programs.
 Elementary and Secondary Education Act

January 1, 1965
The ESEA did not make it law to educate students with disabilities but
it did give grants to state school sand institutions that put into place programs
to educate students with disabilities.
 Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of

Pennsylvania
October 8, 1971
Sided in favor of students with intellectual and learning disabilities in

state-run institutions. PARC v. Penn called for students with disabilities to be
places in publicly funded school settings that met their individual educational
needs, based on a proper and through evaluation.
 In the Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Colombia

December 17, 1971
The U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia students classified
as “Exceptional”. This includes those with mental and learning disabilities and
behavioral issues. This ruling made it unlawful for the D.C. Board of
Education to deny these individuals access to publicly funded educational
opportunity.
 First Center for Independent Living Opens

January 1, 1972
This center was made at UC Berkley by Ed Roberts to support the

needs of individuals with disabilities so they can live independently and away
from nursing homes and other institutions.
 Section 504
September 26, 1973
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act allows protection from

discrimination of special needs and disabilities. Tis law is considered the first
law giving protection to students with special needs. This law includes FAPE
and LRE. Students are eligible when they have either a physical or mental
disability that inhibits their learning experience.
 Education for All Handicapped Children Act
1975
This act made sure that all students with disabilities are educated in
public schools. EAHCA included providing free educations, special education
for children 3-21, supplemental services, due process, zero reject, and least
restrictive environment.
 Least Restrictive Environment

1975
Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) means that with a student’s IEP

, they must also be in as many regular education classes as possible. This
ensures that the student has social experiences. In LRE classrooms paras
and aids are usually required.
 Board of Ed. Of HHCD V. Rowley

June 28, 1982
A landmark case that designed the Rowley Two-Part test in

determining whether FAPE is being met according to a student IEP. The two-
part test consists of questions asking if the school fulfilled the procedures of
IDEA and “is the IEP developed through the procedures of the act”. If these
two questions are answered correctly, then FAPE and IDEA have been met.
 Handicapped Children’s Protection Act

August 6, 1986
Signed by Ronald Regan the Handicapped Children’s Protection Act

was a law that gave parents of children with disabilities more say in the
development of their child’s Individual Education Plan (IEP)
 Americans with Disabilities Act

July 26, 1990
The Americans with Disabilities Act was signed into law by President
George W. Bush. The act promises people with special needs will have the
same rights as everybody else. This includes both school and work. This act
also stated that people with special needs cannot be discriminated against in
schools, the workplace, and everyday society such as public transportation.
 IDEA
October 30, 1990
The individuals with disabilities Education Act was also signed into
law by George W. Bush. This law includes 6 pillars: FAPE, LRE, IEP,
evaluation, parent/student participation, and all procedural safeguards for
participants. This law also has 4 sections.
 No Child Left Behind Act

January 8, 2002
No Child Left Behind was signed into law by President George W.

Bush. This law states that all students should be proficient in math and
reading by 2014. This law had some states asking to not be part of it. Some
schools have been caught falsifying scores while others took it seriously and
reported if they were not proficient.
 IDEA Reauthorized
December 3, 2004
The re-authorization of IDEA made many changes to the original. The

changes include the IEP, due process, and student discipline.
(Source: https://www.preceden.com/timelines/326448-history-of-special-education)

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PHILIPPINE NORMAL UNIVERSITY

The National Center for Teacher Education

Timeline of Special Education

 American School for the Deaf

The American School for the Deaf id founded in Hartford,

 Perkins Institution for the Blind opens.

The Perkin Institution was founded in Boston, Massachusetts. This

 Law Mandating Compulsory Education

Rhode Island passed a law mandating compulsory education for all

 Association of Instructors of the Blind

 Plessy vs. Ferguson

 Beattie v. Board of Education

Special needs students were expelled from school due to facial

 Council for Exceptional Children

 The Bradly Home

 Cuyahoga Council for Retarted Citizens

A Parental Advocacy Group composed of five mothers of children

The classification of Autism was introduced by Dr. Leo Lanner of

 National Association for Retarded Citizens

The National Association for Retarded Citizens came about. NARC

 Brown v. Board of Education

A landmark court case that overturned Plessy v. Ferguson case

 Elementary and Secondary Education Act

 Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of

Sided in favor of students with intellectual and learning disabilities in

 In the Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Colombia

 First Center for Independent Living Opens

This center was made at UC Berkley by Ed Roberts to support the

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act allows protection from

 Least Restrictive Environment

Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) means that with a student’s IEP

 Board of Ed. Of HHCD V. Rowley

A landmark case that designed the Rowley Two-Part test in

 Handicapped Children’s Protection Act

Signed by Ronald Regan the Handicapped Children’s Protection Act

 Americans with Disabilities Act

 No Child Left Behind Act

No Child Left Behind was signed into law by President George W.

The re-authorization of IDEA made many changes to the original. The

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